Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"A sustainable and green analytical method for assessing Cu and Mn content in livestock feed using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence","authors":"J. Silva,&nbsp;M. Pistón","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relevance of minerals in maintaining animal health is well established, as their deficiencies and excesses are associated with various disease conditions. The primary sources of these nutrients for livestock are water and feedstuffs. Therefore, the analytical determination of micronutrients in these matrices is crucial for monitoring purposes. Usually, the quantification of Cu and Mn in vegetables is performed using atomic spectrometry, a technique that requires expensive instruments, gases, and long analysis times. Furthermore, livestock feed samples typically require a prior mineralization step to eliminate organic matter before analysis. To incorporate new analytical methods with the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry and White Analytical Chemistry approaches, a simple methodology was developed using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). This nondestructive technique enables direct analysis of solid samples with minimal preparation. The samples were only pulverized and pressed before measurements. The AGREE, AGREEprep, and WAC tools were applied to assess the greenness and whiteness of the proposed method. This method was validated with the following figures of merit: limit of detection: 0.6 and 2.6 mg kg⁻¹; limit of quantification: 1.9 and 8.7 mg kg⁻¹ for Cu and Mn, respectively. Precision, expressed as percentage relative standard deviation, was 3.7 (Cu) and 5.5 (Mn). Trueness was evaluated using certified reference material with mean recoveries of 95 % and 97 % for Cu and Mn, respectively. These results demonstrated that the developed methodology using EDXRF was reliable, noticeably more sustainable, and environmentally friendly than conventional standard methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium yeast supplementation in diet containing Hermetia illucens larvae meal can improve growth performance, health status and flesh quality of Ctenopharyngodon idellus","authors":"Zechao Hu,&nbsp;Handong Li,&nbsp;Meng Xia,&nbsp;Gang Wang,&nbsp;Jian Sun,&nbsp;Hong Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A feeding trial was conducted for 70 days to appraise the effect of selenium yeast (Se-yeast) supplementation in diet containing black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) on growth performance, health status and flesh quality of grass carp. Three hundred grass carp (weight of 370.14 ± 0.74 g) were arbitrarily assigned into 5 groups (groups were repeated in triplicate) fed five experimental diets, including the soybean meal-based diet (25 % soybean meal inclusion, diet SM), the BSFLM-based diet (16.1 % BSFLM inclusion, diet BSFLM75) by replacing 75 % of soybean meal with BSFLM, and three other diets with Se-yeast were supplied to the BSFLM75 diet at 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mg Se/kg diet (diets Se0.3, Se0.6, and Se0.9) respectively. The growth performance of BSFLM75 group was significantly lower than that of the SM and Se0.6 group, and which was in line with changes in the villus height of the mid-gut (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The muscle and liver antioxidant capacity in the BSFLM75 group was significantly improved compared with those of the SM group, and they were further significantly promoted in Se-yeast groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Muscle nutritional value was elevated on account of the significant increase of eicosapentaenoic acid level in the BSFLM75 group and further significantly increased docosahexaenoic acid level in the Se0.6 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The muscle springiness of the BSFLM75 group significantly increased compared with that of the SM group, and the Se0.3 group had significantly higher the hardness, springiness, chewiness and collagen content of muscle than those of SM and BSFLM75 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Muscle fiber density in the BSFLM75 groups was significantly higher than that in the SM group, and which was further significantly increased in the Se0.3 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The mRNA relative expression level of <em>MyoD</em>, <em>Mrf4</em>, <em>Myf5</em> and <em>FGF6b</em> in the BSFLM75 group were significantly up-regulated compared with those of the SM group, and they were further significantly up-regulated at a fitting level of Se-yeast (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In brief, the 0.6 mg/kg Se-yeast supplementation (dietary total Se at 1.01 mg/kg diet) could not only significantly reverse the negative effect of dietary BSFLM on growth performance, but resulted in the enhancement of health status and flesh quality. Additionally, the flesh quality was optimal when 0.3 mg/kg Se-yeast was supplemented in BSFLM diet (dietary total Se at 0.79 mg/kg diet).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring feeding behavior and flavor preferences in kids and adult goats using sensory additives","authors":"A. Gómez-Mesonero ,&nbsp;D.R. Yáñez-Ruiz ,&nbsp;M. Blanch-Saborit ,&nbsp;A.I. Martín-García ,&nbsp;M. Romero-Huelva","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Voluntary feed intake greatly influences productivity and welfare in dairy goats. Sensory additives can enhance feed palatability and the acceptance of sustainable, alternative feedstuffs. However, data on goats’ flavor preferences remain limited. This study assessed kids and adult goats’ preferences for basic flavors: sweet, umami, and a diverse flavor blend under two feeding environments using a feeding behavior monitoring system. Two experiments were conducted: <em>i)</em> <strong>experiment 1</strong>: a no-choice feeding setup with 20 animals randomly allocated into four pens and assigned to one of the four diets and <em>ii)</em> <strong>experiment 2</strong>: a cafeteria-style feeding system design, where two groups of 5 animals either received control, or chose among control, sweet, and umami options. Under no-choice conditions, the umami additive significantly reduced feed intake in both age groups compared to the other treatments. Age influenced feeding patterns: kids preferred the diversity blend (31.2 visits/day), while adults visited control and diversity diets more frequently (28.8 and 23.4 visits/day, respectively). This correlated with greater feed efficiency in kids, but not in adults, where the highest values were recorded for control and sweet treatments, with distinct activity period. In the cafeteria design, flavor preferences differed by age: kids preferred the sweet diet, whereas adults strongly selected the umami option (50.1 and 62.3 g/kg BW^0.75 per day, respectively), and entirely rejected sweet treatment. These findings demonstrate that goat flavor preferences are highly dependent on physiological stage and feeding environment (no-choice vs. cafeteria-style), highlighting the potential of targeted sensory additives to optimize intake across life stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating variables affecting Pellet Durability Index (PDI) in pelleted corn-soy-based feeds for swine and poultry: A meta-analysis","authors":"Jihao You ,&nbsp;Kendra Hall ,&nbsp;Jessica Civiero ,&nbsp;Mark C. Malpass ,&nbsp;Dan Tulpan ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Ellis","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pelleting is one of the most widely used feed processing methods in poultry and swine production systems, as it enhances feed handling, improves animal production efficiency, and reduces feed waste. However, poor pellet quality remains a significant challenge for swine and poultry feed manufacturing, limiting economic returns at both the mill and farm levels. Predicting and optimizing pellet quality can be challenging due to the numerous factors in the feed manufacturing process, including diet formulation, production parameters and environmental conditions. A meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to investigate and quantify the impact of formulation and manufacturing factors on pellet quality and develop predictive equations for Pellet Durability Index (PDI), which represents an in-mill metric for pellet quality. Following a systematic review of the literature, a dataset comprising 16 variables and 280 treatment mean observations was extracted from 29 published studies. Models were developed while treating the study as a random effect. Eight factors were selected for model development, including feed composition factors comprising ingredient inclusions and nutrient content as well as key manufacturing parameters. All models were assessed using a 3-fold cross-validation approach, by placing entire studies into folds. The results showed that the bivariable model using <em>Lipid (g/kg)</em> and <em>Protein (g/kg)</em>, resulted in the best PDI prediction performance, with a Concordance Correlation Coefficient of 0.57 ± 0.076, a bias correction factor of 0.91 ± 0.092, and a Pearson Correlation Coefficient of 0.63 ± 0.137. This meta-analysis provides not only a pipeline for selecting models based on a set of statistical criteria, but also produced simple models that can be utilized in feed manufacturing to estimate PDI when data availability is limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum (HK L-137) and propionic acid on growth and health of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)","authors":"Pham Minh Duc ,&nbsp;Tran Thi Thanh Hien ,&nbsp;Tran Thi Tuyet Hoa ,&nbsp;Tran Ngoc Tuan","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat-killed <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> (HK L-137) is known to benefit striped catfish (<em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em>) health, but its synergistic potential with short-chain fatty acids remains unexplored. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of HK L-137 and propionic acid (PA) on growth performance, feed utilization, immune responses, and stress response in striped catfish. Striped catfish (n = 8400, mean body mass 4.09 ± 0.08 g) were randomly assigned to six feeding treatments with different levels of HK L-137 and PA (0 [control], 1000 mg PA/kg feed [PA.1000], 2 mg HK L-137/kg feed [HK.2], 4 mg HK L-137/kg feed [HK.4], 2 mg HK L-137/kg feed + 100 mg PA/kg feed [HK.2 +PA.100], and 2 mg HK L-137/kg feed + 1000 mg PA/kg feed [HK.2 +PA.1000], for eight weeks (with four replicates for each treatment). Results showed that, compared to the control, HK.2 significantly enhanced growth, improved digestive enzyme activity (amylase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin), and reduced the feed conversion ratio (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). PA.1000 increased lymphocyte counts, while both HK.2 and HK.4 elevated cortisol and lipid peroxidase levels (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). Furthermore, catalase activity was significantly increased in HK.4 and HK.2 +PA.1000 groups (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). Notably, both HK.2 and HK.4 groups exhibited a reduced cortisol response following high-density crowding stress (3000 fish/m³). In conclusion, dietary HK L-137 effectively improved growth, feed efficiency, and digestive function, while also enhancing stress tolerance in striped catfish; however, the synergistic effects with PA were limited. These findings support the application of HK L-137 as a promising functional feed additive for striped catfish aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mulberry (Morus spp.): A promising field crop for livestock forage","authors":"Gulab Khan Rohela ,&nbsp;Pawan Saini ,&nbsp;Kiran Rudramani ,&nbsp;Plabani Roy ,&nbsp;Syam S ,&nbsp;Shivam Bhardwaj ,&nbsp;Omais Bin Ayoub ,&nbsp;Danishta Aziz ,&nbsp;Gulzar Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Sardar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mulberry (<em>Morus</em> spp.) is traditionally cultivated for its nutrient-rich foliage, serving as the primary feed for silkworms (<em>Bombyx mori</em>) in sericulture. In recent years, however it’s potential as a high-quality forage crop for livestock has gained increased attention. Livestock nutrition plays a crucial role in ensuring optimal growth, milk yield, and meat production, necessitating a consistent supply of protein-rich, digestible, and energy-dense feed. Although grasses are the predominant forage source, their availability is often limited by seasonal fluctuations particularly during summer in tropical regions and winter in temperate climates. This variability has led to growing interest in alternative, perennial, and nutritionally rich forage crops that can support sustainable livestock farming. Mulberry emerges as a promising forage crop due to its rapid growth, adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions, and superior nutritional profile, which includes high crude protein content, essential amino acids, minerals, and fibre. It serves not only as a viable feed during forage-deficient periods but also as a valuable supplementary feed during peak forage seasons, thereby enhancing overall livestock productivity. Moreover, its deep-rooted system and perennial nature contribute to soil conservation and sustainable fodder production. This review critically examines the nutritional composition of mulberry leaves, their digestibility and palatability across different livestock species, and recent research supporting their integration into livestock feeding systems. Additionally, the paper explores the economic viability and environmental benefits of growing mulberry specifically as a forage crop, highlighting its potential as a sustainable substitute in contemporary livestock feeding practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seaweed potential as nutraceutical and functional food ingredient in shrimp aquaculture","authors":"Anayeli Hernández-Sain ,&nbsp;Elena Palacios ,&nbsp;Sonia A. Soto-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Idalia Osuna-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Pablo G. Rojas-Hernandez ,&nbsp;Crisantema Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In shrimp aquaculture, the implementation of seaweed as a functional and healthy additive for shrimp feed, either in its fresh form mixed with pelleted feed, as dry biomass, or liquid extract, has been on the rise as the population grows and the demand for shrimp increases. Seaweed offers vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, and bioactive substances like polysaccharides and pigments that enhance the health and growth of shrimp. These compounds possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial characteristics, which benefit aquaculture production by enhancing growth rates, improving feed utilization efficiency, increasing resistance to heat stress, and strengthening immune responses. However, challenges related to the stability and bioavailability of bioactive compounds in conventional formulations highlight the need for more effective delivery strategies. The nanoencapsulation of bioactive compounds from seaweed-based meals is proposed as a promising approach to enhance the bioavailability and systemic distribution of nutrients within the shrimp organism. This strategy is expected to improve nutrient absorption, support growth, boost health status, and optimize overall performance in aquaculture systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145360198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of NSPase and feeding regimen on performance, nutrient digestibility and ileal microbiota of broiler chickens fed pelleted diets containing low- or high-viscosity barley","authors":"M. Ahmad ,&nbsp;K. Itani ,&nbsp;S. Ghimire ,&nbsp;J. Apajalahti ,&nbsp;A. Smith ,&nbsp;F.S. Steinhoff ,&nbsp;B. Svihus","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of NSPase, barley variety and feeding regimen and their interactions on the performance, nutrient digestibility, digestive tract characteristics and ileal microbiota were studied. A total of 1936 eleven-day-old Ross 308 female broilers were given ad libitum (ADL) or intermittent (INT) access to pelleted diets based on low-viscosity (LVB) or high-viscosity (HVB) barley at 540 g/kg, with or without a cocktail of β-glucanase and xylanase (Ronozyme® MultiGrain) at 0.1 g/kg in a replicated pen trial. From d 11–17, INT birds had interrupted feed access for 8 h daily, which reduced to 7 h daily from d 18–33, while ADL birds had continuous feed access for 18 h daily. Supplementation with NSPase improved weight gain and FCR, reduced water intake and load of ileal <em>C. perfringens</em> and the effect was larger with HVB diets due to interactions between NSPase and barley variety (P&lt;0.025). Despite higher weight gain and feed intake with ADL feeding (P&lt;0.001), FCR and ileal bacterial load was lower with INT feeding (P&lt;0.001). Protein digestibility was improved with NSPase supplementation and with INT feeding (P&lt;0.009). The HVB diets resulted in higher jejunal digesta viscosity, longer small intestines and more sticky/watery excreta (P&lt;0.001), all of which were offset with NSPase supplementation (P&lt;0.025). Overall, the HVB diets performed more poorly regardless of their better response to NSPase, than the LVB diets. Furthermore, the effect of NSPase and INT feeding on nutrient utilization, FCR and gut health was additive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ILP/TORC1 nutrient-sensing pathways mediated leucine regulation on the vitellogenin synthesis to promote ovary development of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Yanan Yin ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Haitao Fan,&nbsp;Lefei Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary leucine supplementation (3.40 %, 3.82 %, 4.41 %, 4.91 %, 5.38 % and 7.90 %) on the ovarian development in Pacific white shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>). A total of 540 shrimp were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments, with three replicate tanks per treatment and 30 shrimp per tank. Shrimp were fed three times daily (6:00, 11:00 and 18:00). Shrimp fed diets containing 4.41 % and 4.91 % leucine exhibited the most pronounced ovarian development. This was evidenced by the highest gonadosomatic index, ovaries predominantly filled with Stage IV oocytes accompanied by abundant yolk protein deposition, significantly elevated serum concentrations of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and vitellogenin (Vg), and marked upregulation of key genes associated with vitellogenesis and nutrient-sensing pathways. Further analysis revealed that these optimal leucine levels (4.41 % and 4.91 %) promoted exogenous Vg synthesis in the hepatopancreas. This hepatopancreas-derived Vg was then transported to the ovary via the vitellogenin receptor, further facilitating ovarian maturation. Concurrently, the highest Vg expression levels observed in the ovary indicated enhanced endogenous Vg synthesis. Moreover, dietary leucine supplementation levels significantly enhanced the expression levels of genes associated with the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) and insulin-like peptide (ILP) nutrient-sensing pathways. In conclusion, dietary leucine supplementation at 4.41 % and 4.91 % optimally enhanced both endogenous and exogenous vitellogenin synthesis, thereby promoting ovarian development in <em>L. vannamei.</em> This leucine-mediated effect was orchestrated through the activation of the TORC1 and ILP nutrient-sensing pathways. These findings provided crucial insights for optimizing dietary leucine levels in broodstock diets to enhance reproductive performance in <em>L. vannamei</em> aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of microencapsulated pepper with different levels of energy supplementation in grazing beef cattle","authors":"Ana Paula Gonçalves Ferreira Miranda ,&nbsp;Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Douglas dos Santos Pina ,&nbsp;Leandro Soares Santos ,&nbsp;Lara Maria Santos Brant ,&nbsp;Paula Velozo Leal ,&nbsp;Aureliano José Vieira Pires ,&nbsp;Raiane Barbosa Mendes ,&nbsp;Evandro Pereira Neto ,&nbsp;Mirella Matos de Oliveira Xavier ,&nbsp;Caio Seiti Takiya ,&nbsp;José Esler de Freitas Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of microencapsulated hot chili pepper (MCP) and different energy supplementation levels on nutrient intake and digestibility, ingestive behavior, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen and energy balance, and physiological parameters of grazing Nellore bulls. Six rumen-cannulated Nellore bull (313 ± 31 kg body weight (BW)) were distributed in a double 3 × 3 Latin square design with a 3 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement and 21-day experimental periods (14 days of adaptation and 7 days of data collection). The animals were housed in a pen on Pangola grass pasture (<em>Digitaria decumbens</em>). Treatments consisted of three energy supplementation levels (SUP) (0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 % of BW) with or without MCP inclusion (450 mg/animal/day of Capsicum sp). MCP inclusion did not affect nutrient intake or digestibility (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Increasing energy supplementation levels led to greater intake and digestibility of non-fiber carbohydrates (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and reduced ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentrations (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The inclusion of MCP increased rumen propionate concentration (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and increased heart rate (<em>P</em> = 0.01). An interaction effect between SUP and MCP was observed for the C2:C3 ratio (<em>P</em> = 0.04). Animals fed 0.15 % SUP with MCP and 0.30 % SUP without MCP presented a higher ratio than those supplemented with 0.30 % MCP and 0.45 % with or without MCP. The inclusion of microencapsulated chili pepper in the diet of grazing beef cattle, combined with intermediate levels of energy supplementation, is a strategy to promote adjustments in ruminal fermentation and improve energy use efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 116564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}