首页 > 最新文献

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics最新文献

英文 中文
Evolution in Cities 城市的进化
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-021402
S. Diamond, Ryan Andrew Martin
Although research performed in cities will not uncover new evolutionary mechanisms, it could provide unprecedented opportunities to examine the interplay of evolutionary forces in new ways and new avenues to address classic questions. However, while the variation within and among cities affords many opportunities to advance evolutionary biology research, careful alignment between how cities are used and the research questions being asked is necessary to maximize the insights that can be gained. In this review, we develop a framework to help guide alignment between urban evolution research approaches and questions. Using this framework, we highlight what has been accomplished to date in the field of urban evolution and identify several up-and-coming research directions for further expansion. We conclude that urban environments can be used as evolutionary test beds to tackle both new and long-standing questions in evolutionary biology. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
虽然在城市中进行的研究不会揭示新的进化机制,但它可以提供前所未有的机会,以新的方式和新的途径来研究进化力量的相互作用,以解决经典问题。然而,尽管城市内部和城市之间的差异为推进进化生物学研究提供了许多机会,但城市的使用方式和研究问题之间的仔细协调对于最大限度地获得可以获得的见解是必要的。在这篇综述中,我们开发了一个框架来帮助指导城市演变研究方法和问题之间的一致性。利用这一框架,我们强调了迄今为止在城市演变领域所取得的成就,并确定了几个未来的研究方向,以进一步扩展。我们的结论是,城市环境可以作为进化的试验台来解决进化生物学中新的和长期存在的问题。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Evolution in Cities","authors":"S. Diamond, Ryan Andrew Martin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-021402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-021402","url":null,"abstract":"Although research performed in cities will not uncover new evolutionary mechanisms, it could provide unprecedented opportunities to examine the interplay of evolutionary forces in new ways and new avenues to address classic questions. However, while the variation within and among cities affords many opportunities to advance evolutionary biology research, careful alignment between how cities are used and the research questions being asked is necessary to maximize the insights that can be gained. In this review, we develop a framework to help guide alignment between urban evolution research approaches and questions. Using this framework, we highlight what has been accomplished to date in the field of urban evolution and identify several up-and-coming research directions for further expansion. We conclude that urban environments can be used as evolutionary test beds to tackle both new and long-standing questions in evolutionary biology. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72803035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Evolution of the Mode of Nutrition in Symbiotic and Saprotrophic Fungi in Forest Ecosystems 森林生态系统共生与腐养真菌营养模式的演化
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-114902
Annie Lebreton, Qingchao Zeng, Shingo Miyauchi, A. Kohler, Yu-Cheng Dai, Francis M. Martin
In this review, we highlight the main insights that have been gathered from recent developments using large-scale genomics of fungal saprotrophs and symbiotrophs (including ectomycorrhizal and orchid and ericoid mycorrhizal fungi) inhabiting forest ecosystems. After assessing the goals and motivations underlying our approach, we explore our current understanding of the limits and future potential of using genomics to understand the ecological roles of these forest fungi. Comparative genomics unraveled the molecular machineries involved in lignocellulose decomposition in wood decayers, soil and litter saprotrophs, and mycorrhizal symbionts. They also showed that transitions from saprotrophy to mutualism entailed widespread losses of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes; diversification of novel, lineage-specific symbiosis-induced genes; and convergent evolution of genetic innovations that facilitate the accommodation of mutualistic symbionts within their plant hosts. We also identify the major questions that remain unanswered and propose new avenues of genome-based research to understand the role of soil fungi in sustainable forest ecosystems. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了近年来利用森林生态系统中真菌腐生菌和共生菌(包括外生菌根真菌、兰花菌根真菌和ericoid菌根真菌)的大规模基因组学研究进展所收集到的主要见解。在评估了我们方法的目标和动机之后,我们探索了我们目前对使用基因组学来理解这些森林真菌的生态作用的限制和未来潜力的理解。比较基因组学揭示了在木材腐尸、土壤和凋落物腐殖质以及菌根共生体中涉及木质纤维素分解的分子机制。他们还表明,从腐殖到共生的转变导致木质纤维素降解酶的广泛损失;新型、谱系特异性共生诱导基因的多样化;基因创新的趋同进化促进了共生共生体在其植物宿主内的适应。我们还确定了尚未解决的主要问题,并提出了基于基因组的研究的新途径,以了解土壤真菌在可持续森林生态系统中的作用。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Evolution of the Mode of Nutrition in Symbiotic and Saprotrophic Fungi in Forest Ecosystems","authors":"Annie Lebreton, Qingchao Zeng, Shingo Miyauchi, A. Kohler, Yu-Cheng Dai, Francis M. Martin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-114902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-114902","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we highlight the main insights that have been gathered from recent developments using large-scale genomics of fungal saprotrophs and symbiotrophs (including ectomycorrhizal and orchid and ericoid mycorrhizal fungi) inhabiting forest ecosystems. After assessing the goals and motivations underlying our approach, we explore our current understanding of the limits and future potential of using genomics to understand the ecological roles of these forest fungi. Comparative genomics unraveled the molecular machineries involved in lignocellulose decomposition in wood decayers, soil and litter saprotrophs, and mycorrhizal symbionts. They also showed that transitions from saprotrophy to mutualism entailed widespread losses of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes; diversification of novel, lineage-specific symbiosis-induced genes; and convergent evolution of genetic innovations that facilitate the accommodation of mutualistic symbionts within their plant hosts. We also identify the major questions that remain unanswered and propose new avenues of genome-based research to understand the role of soil fungi in sustainable forest ecosystems. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82191714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
The Ecology and Evolution of Model Microbial Mutualisms 模式微生物共生的生态学和进化
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-091753
Jeremy M. Chacón, Sarah P. Hammarlund, Jonathan N. V. Martinson, Leno B. Smith, William R. Harcombe
Mutually beneficial interspecific interactions are abundant throughout the natural world, including between microbes. Mutualisms between microbes are critical for everything from human health to global nutrient cycling. Studying model microbial mutualisms in the laboratory enables highly controlled experiments for developing and testing evolutionary and ecological hypotheses. In this review, we begin by describing the tools available for studying model microbial mutualisms. We then outline recent insights that laboratory systems have shed on the evolutionary origins, evolutionary dynamics, and ecological features of microbial mutualism. We touch on gaps in our current understanding of microbial mutualisms, note connections to mutualism in nonmicrobial systems, and call attention to open questions ripe for future study. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
在整个自然界中,包括微生物之间,存在着大量互利的种间相互作用。微生物之间的相互作用对从人类健康到全球营养循环的一切都至关重要。在实验室中研究模型微生物相互作用,可以为发展和测试进化和生态假设提供高度控制的实验。在这篇综述中,我们首先描述了可用于研究模式微生物相互作用的工具。然后,我们概述了实验室系统在微生物共生的进化起源、进化动力学和生态特征方面的最新见解。我们触及了我们目前对微生物相互作用的理解的空白,注意到非微生物系统中相互作用的联系,并呼吁关注未来研究中成熟的开放性问题。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"The Ecology and Evolution of Model Microbial Mutualisms","authors":"Jeremy M. Chacón, Sarah P. Hammarlund, Jonathan N. V. Martinson, Leno B. Smith, William R. Harcombe","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-091753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-091753","url":null,"abstract":"Mutually beneficial interspecific interactions are abundant throughout the natural world, including between microbes. Mutualisms between microbes are critical for everything from human health to global nutrient cycling. Studying model microbial mutualisms in the laboratory enables highly controlled experiments for developing and testing evolutionary and ecological hypotheses. In this review, we begin by describing the tools available for studying model microbial mutualisms. We then outline recent insights that laboratory systems have shed on the evolutionary origins, evolutionary dynamics, and ecological features of microbial mutualism. We touch on gaps in our current understanding of microbial mutualisms, note connections to mutualism in nonmicrobial systems, and call attention to open questions ripe for future study. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86128196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Animal Migration: An Overview of One of Nature's Great Spectacles 《动物迁徙:大自然奇观之一概览》
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-031035
Adam M. Fudickar, A. Jahn, E. Ketterson
The twenty-first century has witnessed an explosion in research on animal migration, in large part due to a technological revolution in tracking and remote-sensing technologies, along with advances in genomics and integrative biology. We now have access to unprecedented amounts of data on when, where, and how animals migrate across various continents and oceans. Among the important advancements, recent studies have uncovered a surprising level of variation in migratory trajectories at the species and population levels with implications for both speciation and the conservation of migratory populations. At the organismal level, studies linking molecular and physiological mechanisms to traits that support migration have revealed a remarkable amount of seasonal flexibility in many migratory animals. Advancements in the theory for why animals migrate have resulted in promising new directions for empirical studies. We provide an overview of the current state of knowledge and promising future avenues of study. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
21世纪见证了动物迁徙研究的爆炸式增长,这在很大程度上是由于跟踪和遥感技术的技术革命,以及基因组学和综合生物学的进步。我们现在可以获得前所未有的大量数据,了解动物在何时、何地以及如何跨越各大洲和海洋迁徙。在重要的进展中,最近的研究揭示了物种和种群水平上迁徙轨迹的惊人变化,这对物种形成和迁徙种群的保护都具有重要意义。在有机体水平上,将分子和生理机制与支持迁徙的特征联系起来的研究揭示了许多迁徙动物具有显著的季节性灵活性。动物迁移理论的进步为实证研究带来了有希望的新方向。我们概述了目前的知识状况和有希望的未来研究途径。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Animal Migration: An Overview of One of Nature's Great Spectacles","authors":"Adam M. Fudickar, A. Jahn, E. Ketterson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-031035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-031035","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first century has witnessed an explosion in research on animal migration, in large part due to a technological revolution in tracking and remote-sensing technologies, along with advances in genomics and integrative biology. We now have access to unprecedented amounts of data on when, where, and how animals migrate across various continents and oceans. Among the important advancements, recent studies have uncovered a surprising level of variation in migratory trajectories at the species and population levels with implications for both speciation and the conservation of migratory populations. At the organismal level, studies linking molecular and physiological mechanisms to traits that support migration have revealed a remarkable amount of seasonal flexibility in many migratory animals. Advancements in the theory for why animals migrate have resulted in promising new directions for empirical studies. We provide an overview of the current state of knowledge and promising future avenues of study. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76689903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Dynamics of Ecological Communities Following Current Retreat of Glaciers 冰川退缩后生态群落的动态变化
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-010521-040017
G. Ficetola, S. Marta, Alessia Guerrieri, M. Gobbi, R. Ambrosini, D. Fontaneto, A. Zerboni, J. Poulenard, M. Caccianiga, W. Thuiller
Glaciers are retreating globally, and the resulting ice-free areas provide an experimental system for understanding species colonization patterns, community formation, and dynamics. The last several years have seen crucial advances in our understanding of biotic colonization after glacier retreats, resulting from the integration of methodological innovations and ecological theories. Recent empirical studies have demonstrated how multiple factors can speed up or slow down the velocity of colonization and have helped scientists develop theoretical models that describe spatiotemporal changes in community structure. There is a growing awareness of how different processes (e.g., time since glacier retreat, onset or interruption of surface processes, abiotic factors, dispersal, biotic interactions) interact to shape community formation and, ultimately, their functional structure through succession. Here, we examine how these studies address key theoretical questions about community dynamics and show how classical approaches are increasingly being combined with environmental DNA metabarcoding and functional trait analysis to document the formation of multitrophic communities, revolutionizing our understanding of the biotic processes that occur following glacier retreat. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
冰川正在全球范围内退缩,由此产生的无冰区为了解物种殖民模式、群落形成和动态提供了一个实验系统。在过去的几年里,由于方法创新和生态学理论的整合,我们对冰川退缩后生物殖民的理解取得了重大进展。最近的实证研究已经证明了多种因素如何加速或减缓殖民化的速度,并帮助科学家建立了描述群落结构时空变化的理论模型。人们越来越认识到,不同的过程(如冰川退缩以来的时间、地表过程的开始或中断、非生物因素、扩散、生物相互作用)如何相互作用,从而形成群落,并最终通过演代形成其功能结构。在这里,我们研究了这些研究如何解决关于群落动态的关键理论问题,并展示了经典方法如何越来越多地与环境DNA元条形码和功能特征分析相结合,以记录多营养群落的形成,彻底改变了我们对冰川退缩后发生的生物过程的理解。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Dynamics of Ecological Communities Following Current Retreat of Glaciers","authors":"G. Ficetola, S. Marta, Alessia Guerrieri, M. Gobbi, R. Ambrosini, D. Fontaneto, A. Zerboni, J. Poulenard, M. Caccianiga, W. Thuiller","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-010521-040017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-010521-040017","url":null,"abstract":"Glaciers are retreating globally, and the resulting ice-free areas provide an experimental system for understanding species colonization patterns, community formation, and dynamics. The last several years have seen crucial advances in our understanding of biotic colonization after glacier retreats, resulting from the integration of methodological innovations and ecological theories. Recent empirical studies have demonstrated how multiple factors can speed up or slow down the velocity of colonization and have helped scientists develop theoretical models that describe spatiotemporal changes in community structure. There is a growing awareness of how different processes (e.g., time since glacier retreat, onset or interruption of surface processes, abiotic factors, dispersal, biotic interactions) interact to shape community formation and, ultimately, their functional structure through succession. Here, we examine how these studies address key theoretical questions about community dynamics and show how classical approaches are increasingly being combined with environmental DNA metabarcoding and functional trait analysis to document the formation of multitrophic communities, revolutionizing our understanding of the biotic processes that occur following glacier retreat. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90459593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Causes, Consequences, and Conservation of Ungulate Migration 有蹄类动物迁徙的原因、后果和保护
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-011516
M. Kauffman, Ellen O. Aikens, S. Esmaeili, P. Kaczensky, A. Middleton, K. Monteith, T. Morrison, T. Mueller, H. Sawyer, J. Goheen
Our understanding of ungulate migration is advancing rapidly due to innovations in modern animal tracking. Herein, we review and synthesize nearly seven decades of work on migration and other long-distance movements of wild ungulates. Although it has long been appreciated that ungulates migrate to enhance access to forage, recent contributions demonstrate that their movements are fine tuned to dynamic landscapes where forage, snow, and drought change seasonally. Researchers are beginning to understand how ungulates navigate migrations, with the emerging view that animals blend gradient tracking with spatial memory, some of which is socially learned. Although migration often promotes abundant populations—with broad effects on ecosystems—many migrations around the world have been lost or are currently threatened by habitat fragmentation, climate change, and barriers to movement. Fortunately, new efforts that use empirical tracking data to map migrations in detail are facilitating effective conservation measures to maintain ungulate migration. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
由于现代动物追踪技术的创新,我们对有蹄类动物迁徙的理解正在迅速发展。在此,我们回顾和综合了近70年来关于野生有蹄类动物迁徙和其他长距离运动的研究。尽管长期以来人们一直认为有蹄类动物的迁徙是为了增加对饲料的获取,但最近的研究表明,它们的迁徙是根据饲料、雪和干旱季节性变化的动态景观进行微调的。研究人员开始了解有蹄类动物是如何进行迁徙的,有一种新兴的观点认为,动物将梯度跟踪与空间记忆结合在一起,其中一些是社会习得的。尽管迁徙通常会促进种群数量的增加,并对生态系统产生广泛的影响,但世界各地的许多迁徙已经消失,或者目前正受到栖息地破碎化、气候变化和迁徙障碍的威胁。幸运的是,利用经验跟踪数据详细绘制迁徙地图的新努力正在促进有效的保护措施,以维持有蹄类迁徙。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Causes, Consequences, and Conservation of Ungulate Migration","authors":"M. Kauffman, Ellen O. Aikens, S. Esmaeili, P. Kaczensky, A. Middleton, K. Monteith, T. Morrison, T. Mueller, H. Sawyer, J. Goheen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-011516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-011516","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of ungulate migration is advancing rapidly due to innovations in modern animal tracking. Herein, we review and synthesize nearly seven decades of work on migration and other long-distance movements of wild ungulates. Although it has long been appreciated that ungulates migrate to enhance access to forage, recent contributions demonstrate that their movements are fine tuned to dynamic landscapes where forage, snow, and drought change seasonally. Researchers are beginning to understand how ungulates navigate migrations, with the emerging view that animals blend gradient tracking with spatial memory, some of which is socially learned. Although migration often promotes abundant populations—with broad effects on ecosystems—many migrations around the world have been lost or are currently threatened by habitat fragmentation, climate change, and barriers to movement. Fortunately, new efforts that use empirical tracking data to map migrations in detail are facilitating effective conservation measures to maintain ungulate migration. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83144056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity 海洋动物显生宙生物多样性的生物与非生物控制
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-035131
Andrew M. Bush, J. Payne
During the past 541 million years, marine animals underwent three intervals of diversification (early Cambrian, Ordovician, Cretaceous–Cenozoic) separated by nondirectional fluctuation, suggesting diversity-dependent dynamics with the equilibrium diversity shifting through time. Changes in factors such as shallow-marine habitat area and climate appear to have modulated the nondirectional fluctuations. Directional increases in diversity are best explained by evolutionary innovations in marine animals and primary producers coupled with stepwise increases in the availability of food and oxygen. Increasing intensity of biotic interactions such as predation and disturbance may have led to positive feedbacks on diversification as ecosystems became more complex. Important areas for further research include improving the geographic coverage and temporal resolution of paleontological data sets, as well as deepening our understanding of Earth system evolution and the physiological and ecological traits that modulated organismal responses to environmental change. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
在过去的5.41亿年里,海洋动物经历了以无方向性波动分隔的早寒武世、奥陶世、白垩纪—新生代3个多样化时期,表现出多样性依赖的动态变化,平衡多样性随时间变化。浅海生境面积和气候等因素的变化似乎调节了这种非定向波动。海洋动物和初级生产者的进化创新,加上食物和氧气供应的逐步增加,最好地解释了多样性的定向增加。随着生态系统变得更加复杂,捕食和干扰等生物相互作用强度的增加可能导致了对多样化的积极反馈。进一步研究的重要领域包括提高古生物数据集的地理覆盖范围和时间分辨率,以及加深我们对地球系统进化和调节生物对环境变化反应的生理和生态特征的理解。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity","authors":"Andrew M. Bush, J. Payne","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-035131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-035131","url":null,"abstract":"During the past 541 million years, marine animals underwent three intervals of diversification (early Cambrian, Ordovician, Cretaceous–Cenozoic) separated by nondirectional fluctuation, suggesting diversity-dependent dynamics with the equilibrium diversity shifting through time. Changes in factors such as shallow-marine habitat area and climate appear to have modulated the nondirectional fluctuations. Directional increases in diversity are best explained by evolutionary innovations in marine animals and primary producers coupled with stepwise increases in the availability of food and oxygen. Increasing intensity of biotic interactions such as predation and disturbance may have led to positive feedbacks on diversification as ecosystems became more complex. Important areas for further research include improving the geographic coverage and temporal resolution of paleontological data sets, as well as deepening our understanding of Earth system evolution and the physiological and ecological traits that modulated organismal responses to environmental change. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90092706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Are Terrestrial Biological Invasions Different in the Tropics? 热带地区的陆地生物入侵是否不同?
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-095454
K. Chong, R. Corlett, Martin A. Nuñez, Jing Hua Chiu, F. Courchamp, W. Dawson, Sara E. Kuebbing, Andrew M. Liebhold, M. Padmanaba, Lara Souza, K. Andersen, S. Fei, B. Lee, S. Lum, M. Luskin, K. M. Ngo, D. Wardle
Most biological invasion literature—including syntheses and meta-analyses and the resulting theory—is reported from temperate regions, drawing only minimally from the tropics except for some island systems. The lack of attention to invasions in the tropics results from and reinforces the assumption that tropical ecosystems, and especially the continental tropics, are more resistant to invasions. We have critically assessed biological invasions in the tropics and compared them with temperate regions, finding relatively weak evidence that tropical and temperate regions differ in their invasibility and in the traits that determine invader success and impacts. Propagule pressure and the traits that promote adaptation to disturbances (e.g., high fecundity or fast growth rates) are generally favorable to invasions in both tropical and temperate regions. We emphasize the urgent need for greater investment and regional cooperation in the study, prevention, and management of biological invasions in the tropics. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
大多数生物入侵文献——包括综合和荟萃分析以及由此产生的理论——都是从温带地区报道的,除了一些岛屿系统外,对热带地区的研究很少。缺乏对热带地区入侵的关注源于并强化了一种假设,即热带生态系统,特别是热带大陆,对入侵的抵抗力更强。我们对热带地区的生物入侵进行了严格评估,并将其与温带地区进行了比较,发现相对薄弱的证据表明热带和温带地区在入侵性以及决定入侵成功和影响的特征方面存在差异。在热带和温带地区,繁殖体压力和促进适应干扰的性状(例如,高繁殖力或快速生长率)通常有利于入侵。我们强调迫切需要在热带生物入侵的研究、预防和管理方面加大投资和区域合作。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Are Terrestrial Biological Invasions Different in the Tropics?","authors":"K. Chong, R. Corlett, Martin A. Nuñez, Jing Hua Chiu, F. Courchamp, W. Dawson, Sara E. Kuebbing, Andrew M. Liebhold, M. Padmanaba, Lara Souza, K. Andersen, S. Fei, B. Lee, S. Lum, M. Luskin, K. M. Ngo, D. Wardle","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-095454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-095454","url":null,"abstract":"Most biological invasion literature—including syntheses and meta-analyses and the resulting theory—is reported from temperate regions, drawing only minimally from the tropics except for some island systems. The lack of attention to invasions in the tropics results from and reinforces the assumption that tropical ecosystems, and especially the continental tropics, are more resistant to invasions. We have critically assessed biological invasions in the tropics and compared them with temperate regions, finding relatively weak evidence that tropical and temperate regions differ in their invasibility and in the traits that determine invader success and impacts. Propagule pressure and the traits that promote adaptation to disturbances (e.g., high fecundity or fast growth rates) are generally favorable to invasions in both tropical and temperate regions. We emphasize the urgent need for greater investment and regional cooperation in the study, prevention, and management of biological invasions in the tropics. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81448841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Multispecies Coalescent: Theory and Applications in Phylogenetics 多物种聚结:系统发育理论与应用
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-095340
S. Mirarab, L. Nakhleh, T. Warnow
Species tree estimation is a basic part of many biological research projects, ranging from answering basic evolutionary questions (e.g., how did a group of species adapt to their environments?) to addressing questions in functional biology. Yet, species tree estimation is very challenging, due to processes such as incomplete lineage sorting, gene duplication and loss, horizontal gene transfer, and hybridization, which can make gene trees differ from each other and from the overall evolutionary history of the species. Over the last 10–20 years, there has been tremendous growth in methods and mathematical theory for estimating species trees and phylogenetic networks, and some of these methods are now in wide use. In this survey, we provide an overview of the current state of the art, identify the limitations of existing methods and theory, and propose additional research problems and directions. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
物种树估计是许多生物学研究项目的基本组成部分,从回答基本的进化问题(例如,一群物种如何适应它们的环境?)到解决功能生物学中的问题。然而,由于谱系分类不完整、基因复制和丢失、水平基因转移和杂交等过程,可能导致基因树彼此之间以及物种的整体进化史存在差异,因此物种树的估计非常具有挑战性。在过去的10-20年里,估计物种树和系统发育网络的方法和数学理论有了巨大的发展,其中一些方法现在得到了广泛的应用。在本调查中,我们概述了当前的艺术状态,确定了现有方法和理论的局限性,并提出了更多的研究问题和方向。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"Multispecies Coalescent: Theory and Applications in Phylogenetics","authors":"S. Mirarab, L. Nakhleh, T. Warnow","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-095340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-095340","url":null,"abstract":"Species tree estimation is a basic part of many biological research projects, ranging from answering basic evolutionary questions (e.g., how did a group of species adapt to their environments?) to addressing questions in functional biology. Yet, species tree estimation is very challenging, due to processes such as incomplete lineage sorting, gene duplication and loss, horizontal gene transfer, and hybridization, which can make gene trees differ from each other and from the overall evolutionary history of the species. Over the last 10–20 years, there has been tremendous growth in methods and mathematical theory for estimating species trees and phylogenetic networks, and some of these methods are now in wide use. In this survey, we provide an overview of the current state of the art, identify the limitations of existing methods and theory, and propose additional research problems and directions. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86664187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
A Genetic Perspective on Cetacean Evolution 鲸类动物进化的遗传学观点
IF 11.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2021-08-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-105003
A. Cabrera, M. Bérubé, Xênia M Lopes, M. Louis, T. Oosting, A. Rey-Iglesia, Vania E. Rivera-León, D. Székely, E. Lorenzen, P. Palsbøll
Studies of cetacean evolution using genetics and other biomolecules have come a long way—from the use of allozymes and short sequences of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA to the assembly of full nuclear genomes and characterization of proteins and lipids. Cetacean research has also advanced from using only contemporary samples to analyzing samples dating back thousands of years, and to retrieving data from indirect environmental sources, including water or sediments. Combined, these studies have profoundly deepened our understanding of the origin of cetaceans; their adaptation and speciation processes; and of the past population change, migration, and admixture events that gave rise to the diversity of cetaceans found today. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
利用遗传学和其他生物分子研究鲸类动物的进化已经走过了漫长的道路——从使用同酶和线粒体或核DNA的短序列到组装完整的核基因组和表征蛋白质和脂质。鲸类动物的研究也从只使用当代样本发展到分析几千年前的样本,并从间接的环境来源(包括水或沉积物)中检索数据。综合起来,这些研究深刻地加深了我们对鲸类动物起源的理解;它们的适应和物种形成过程;以及过去的种群变化、迁徙和混合事件,这些事件产生了今天发现的鲸类动物的多样性。预计《生态、进化和分类学年度评论》第52卷的最终在线出版日期为2021年11月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"A Genetic Perspective on Cetacean Evolution","authors":"A. Cabrera, M. Bérubé, Xênia M Lopes, M. Louis, T. Oosting, A. Rey-Iglesia, Vania E. Rivera-León, D. Székely, E. Lorenzen, P. Palsbøll","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-105003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-105003","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of cetacean evolution using genetics and other biomolecules have come a long way—from the use of allozymes and short sequences of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA to the assembly of full nuclear genomes and characterization of proteins and lipids. Cetacean research has also advanced from using only contemporary samples to analyzing samples dating back thousands of years, and to retrieving data from indirect environmental sources, including water or sediments. Combined, these studies have profoundly deepened our understanding of the origin of cetaceans; their adaptation and speciation processes; and of the past population change, migration, and admixture events that gave rise to the diversity of cetaceans found today. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85569485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
期刊
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1