Aquaculture Reports最新文献_第8页

The effects of bile acid addition to a high-fat diet on the growth, body coloration, and lipid metabolism in red-white koi (Cyprinus carpio var. koi) 高脂饲料中添加胆汁酸对红白锦鲤生长、体色及脂质代谢的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103288

Hongmei Song, Yixin Liang, Xuejie Wang, Xidong Mu, Chao Liu, Yexin Yang, Yi Liu

To study the effects of adding bile acids to high-fat feed on the growth, body color, and lipid metabolism of red-white koi (Cyprinus carpio var. koi), and to explore methods for improving the absorption efficiency of astaxanthin in colored feed, a 60-day feeding trial was conducted using fish initially weighing 14.81 ± 0.13 g. The control group (LB0) was fed a low-fat diet (34 % crude protein, 6 % crude fat), while the experimental groups were fed high-fat diets (34 % crude protein, 12 % crude fat) supplemented with bile acids at 0, 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg. These groups were designated as HB0, HB150, HB300, and HB450, respectively. Results showed: (1) High-fat groups had significantly higher specific growth rate and weight gain rate (SGR and WGR) than the low-fat group (P < 0.05), with maximum values observed at 150 mg/kg bile acid. (2) Scale carotenoid content initially increased and then decreased with increasing bile acid concentration, peaking in HB300. Skin carotenoid content was significantly higher in the high-fat groups than in the low-fat group (P < 0.05), with the highest value in the HB450 group. On day 60, the a* value of the body surface color was significantly higher in the HB300 group than in the other groups (P < 0.05), and b* values were also significantly higher in the HB300 and HB450 groups than in the other groups (P < 0.05). (3) AST/ALT ratios did not fiffer significantly between the HB150 and HB450 groups (P > 0.05), but decreased significantly in the HB300 group (P < 0.05). TC content was significantly lower in the HB150 and HB300 groups than in the controls (P < 0.05). HDL-C and LDL-C levels decreased progressively with increasing bile acid supplementation, reaching their lowest levels in the HB450 group. (4) Liver tissue sections showed nuclear dissolution, displacement, and increased vacuoles in hepatocytes in the HB0 group, while liver cell size slightly diminished in the HB450 group. Overall, supplementing high-fat diets (with a fat content of 12 %) with 150–300 mg/kg bile acids improves carotenoid deposition, lipid metabolism, and astaxanthin utilization in koi fish.

为研究高脂饲料中添加胆汁酸对红白锦鲤生长、体色和脂质代谢的影响，探讨提高有色饲料中虾青素吸收效率的方法，本试验以初生体重14.81 ± 0.13 g的红白锦鲤为试验对象，进行了为期60天的饲养试验。对照组饲喂低脂饲粮（粗蛋白质34 %，粗脂肪6 %），试验组饲喂高脂饲粮（粗蛋白质34 %，粗脂肪12 %），并分别添加0、150、300和450 mg/kg胆汁酸。这些组分别被命名为HB0、HB150、HB300和HB450。结果表明：(1)高脂组的特定生长率和增重率（SGR和WGR）显著高于低脂组（P <； 0.05），在150 mg/kg胆汁酸时达到最大值。(2)鳞片类胡萝卜素含量随胆汁酸浓度的升高先升高后降低，在HB300达到峰值。高脂组皮肤类胡萝卜素含量显著高于低脂组（P <； 0.05），以HB450组最高。第60天，HB300组体表颜色a*值显著高于其他各组（P <； 0.05），HB300和HB450组体表颜色b*值也显著高于其他各组（P <； 0.05）。(3) AST/ALT比值在HB150组和HB450组间无显著差异（P >； 0.05），而在HB300组间显著降低（P <； 0.05）。HB150和HB300组TC含量显著低于对照组（P <； 0.05）。随着胆汁酸补充量的增加，HDL-C和LDL-C水平逐渐下降，在HB450组达到最低水平。(4) HB0组肝组织切片显示肝细胞核溶解、移位、空泡增多，而HB450组肝细胞大小略有减小。总体而言，在高脂肪饲料（脂肪含量为12 %）中添加150-300 mg/kg胆汁酸可改善锦鲤类胡萝卜素沉积、脂质代谢和虾青素利用。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative proteomic analysis of the three developmental stages and adults of Pacific abalone 太平洋鲍鱼三个发育阶段及成鱼的比较蛋白质组学分析

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103300

Jeong-hun Mok , Van-An Duong , Yejin Jeon , Jong-Moon Park , Mi Ae Kim , Ji-Hye Han , Young Chang Sohn , Hookeun Lee

Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) undergoes developmental transitions involving complex morphological and physiological changes from larvae to adults. To understand the molecular basis of these processes, we employed tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics across five developmental stages (trochophore and veliger larvae, juvenile, adult males and females).

A total of 4956 proteins were identified across all stages. The earliest transition from trochophore to veliger larvae showed 66 differentially expressed proteins, predominantly upregulated structural and motility proteins such as myosin and tektin, reflecting muscle and ciliary development. The notable finding was the juvenile stage, which exhibited the substantial proteomic changes with more than 1000 proteins upregulated. These juveniles showed extensive metabolic pathway activation with ATP-citrate synthase-like isoform X1 markedly upregulated, while adults demonstrated metabolic downregulation and sex-specific reproductive protein upregulation including sperm-associated antigen 6 in males and vitellogenin-3-like in females.

These findings indicate that the most significant proteome shift occurs at the juvenile stage, marked by a transition from structure- and motility-related proteins predominant in the larval stage to metabolism-related proteins. This shift reflects the culmination of metamorphosis and the onset of subsequent body growth. Subsequently, adults showed a clear proteome transition toward reproduction-related protein expression. These results demonstrate that the juvenile stage serves as a critical transition point between larval and adult stages, thus offering molecular insights for stage-specific aquaculture optimization such as environmental and nutritional strategies.

鲍鱼（Haliotis discus hannai）经历了从幼虫到成鱼的复杂形态和生理变化的发育转变。为了了解这些过程的分子基础，我们采用了串联质量标记的定量蛋白质组学方法，跨越了五个发育阶段（trochophore和veliger幼虫，幼年，成年雄性和雌性）。在所有阶段共鉴定出4956种蛋白质。最早从栉水母幼虫向栉水母幼虫转变时，有66种差异表达蛋白，主要是结构和运动蛋白如肌球蛋白和tektin的上调，反映了肌肉和纤毛的发育。值得注意的是在幼鱼阶段，表现出大量的蛋白质组学变化，超过1000个蛋白质上调。这些幼鱼表现出广泛的代谢途径激活，atp -柠檬酸合成酶样亚型X1显着上调，而成年鱼表现出代谢下调和性别特异性生殖蛋白上调，包括雄性精子相关抗原6和雌性卵黄蛋白原-3样。这些发现表明，最显著的蛋白质组转变发生在幼鱼阶段，标志着从幼虫阶段主导的结构和运动相关蛋白质向代谢相关蛋白质的转变。这种转变反映了变态的高潮和随后身体生长的开始。随后，成虫表现出向生殖相关蛋白表达的明显蛋白质组转变。这些结果表明，幼鱼阶段是幼虫和成鱼阶段之间的关键过渡点，从而为特定阶段的水产养殖优化（如环境和营养策略）提供了分子见解。

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引用次数: 0

Repeated mild air exposure improves green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) tolerance to stress: A transcriptomic study 反复轻度空气暴露提高绿泥蟹（Scylla paramamosain）对压力的耐受性：转录组学研究

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103278

Noah Esmaeili , Chenyang Wu , Peixun Chen , Jinsheng Zhou , Cong Yin , Chenyu Dai , Huanyu Zhang , Hongyu Ma

The present study for the first time tested the effect of repeated mild air exposure stress (RMS, 150 min) every four days on the growth, survival rate after acute air exposure, and relative pathways in female and male green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) after 63 days. Further, to test the tolerance of these groups to the acute air exposure, crabs were exposed to the air until death and sampled after 24 h for omics analysis. The results indicated that RMS did not significantly decline growth, molting rate, and survival after 63 days. However, after acute air exposure (AAE) treatments, animals exposed to RMS, regardless of gender, survived longer than controls. Females and males showed different profiles of transcriptomics, so energy production relative pathways were enriched in all male tissues. Protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and apoptosis enriched with RMS are other evidence that the RMS group shifted to using available energy resources in the body during the farming period. After 24 h AAE, RMS groups showed upregulation of protein processing in the ER, plus DNA replication. Suppression of the biosynthesis of amino acids and energy production was observed as well. Females suppressed the biosynthesis of amino acids and energy production pathways, as well as other pathways related to amino acid metabolism. Female RMS did not show completely the same results, and ribosome was the main pathway that was downregulated in gill and muscle, as well as the biosynthesis of amino acids in hepatopancreas. Male and male RMS showed a similar response, and downregulation of protein synthesis and energy production pathways was observed. In conclusion, amino acid metabolism, energy production, and DNA replication were the key to air exposure response, and RMS could improve crab tolerance to stress.

本研究首次检测了每4天重复轻度空气暴露应激（RMS, 150 min）对绿泥蟹（Scylla paramamosain）雌雄在63天后的生长、急性空气暴露后存活率及相关途径的影响。此外，为了测试这些群体对急性空气暴露的耐受性，螃蟹暴露在空气中直到死亡，并在24 h后采样进行组学分析。结果表明，RMS对63 d后的生长、换羽率和成活率无显著影响。然而，在急性空气暴露（AAE）治疗后，暴露于RMS的动物，无论性别，都比对照组存活时间更长。雌性和雄性表现出不同的转录组学特征，因此能量产生的相关途径在所有雄性组织中都丰富。内质网（ER）的蛋白质加工和RMS富集的细胞凋亡是RMS组在耕作期间转向利用体内可用能量资源的另一个证据。24 h AAE后，RMS组内质网蛋白加工上调，DNA复制上调。氨基酸的生物合成和能量的产生也受到抑制。雌性抑制氨基酸的生物合成和能量产生途径，以及其他与氨基酸代谢相关的途径。雌性RMS没有显示出完全相同的结果，核糖体是鳃和肌肉中下调的主要途径，肝胰腺中氨基酸的生物合成也是如此。雄性和雄性RMS表现出类似的反应，并且观察到蛋白质合成和能量产生途径的下调。综上所述，氨基酸代谢、能量产生和DNA复制是空气暴露反应的关键，RMS可以提高螃蟹对胁迫的耐受性。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary iron supplementation on growth performance, iron utilization, and intestinal health in juvenile American eels (Anguilla rostrata) 饲粮补铁对美洲鳗鲡幼鳗生长性能、铁利用及肠道健康的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103296

Yichuang Xu , Guihong Chen , Xinyu Hu , Zhirun Peng , Jinyue Yang , Shaowei Zhai

Iron, a vital micro-mineral for fish, plays essential roles in numerous biological processes. However, the impacts of dietary iron supplementation on American eels remain poorly explored. This study mainly aimed to evaluate the effects of different dietary iron supplementation levels on growth performance, iron utilization, and intestinal health of juvenile American eels during a 10–week feeding trial. Five experimental diets were formulated using FeSO₄·H₂O as iron source, with iron supplementation levels in the diets being 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. In comparison to American eels fed control diet, those fed a diet supplemented with 150 mg kg⁻¹ of iron displayed enhanced growth performance, better feed efficiency, increased whole–body iron retention, fortified immune function, strengthened intestinal structural integrity, elevated intestinal antioxidant capacity, and increased probiotic colonization. Conversely, dietary supplementation with 600 mg kg⁻¹ of iron induced growth retardation, inhibited feed utilization, intestinal epithelial damage and oxidative stress, and pathogen proliferation. Additionally, the contents of whole–body iron and serum iron were up–regulated, but the contents of whole–body calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and manganese were down–regulated, as dietary iron supplementation levels increased. Quadratic regression analysis indicated 190 mg kg⁻¹ as the optimal dietary iron supplementation level for maximal weight gain rate of American eels. These results offer a practical guidance for dietary iron supplementation and clarify the optimal dietary iron supplementation level for American eels.

铁是鱼类的重要微量矿物质，在许多生物过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，膳食铁补充剂对美洲鳗鱼的影响仍未得到充分研究。本试验旨在通过为期10周的饲养试验，研究不同饲粮铁添加水平对美洲鳗鲡幼鱼生长性能、铁利用和肠道健康的影响。以FeSO4·H2O为铁源配制5种试验饲粮，铁添加水平分别为0、150、300、450和600 mg kg−1。与对照组相比，饲喂150 mg kg⁻¹ 铁的美国鳗鲡的生长性能提高，饲料效率提高，全身铁潴留增加，免疫功能增强，肠道结构完整性增强，肠道抗氧化能力增强，益生菌定植增加。相反，饲粮中添加600 mg kg⁻¹ 的铁会导致生长迟缓，抑制饲料利用，肠上皮损伤和氧化应激，以及病原体增殖。随着饲粮铁添加水平的增加，全鱼铁和血清铁含量上调，全鱼钙、磷、锌、锰含量下调。二次回归分析表明，190 mg kg⁻¹ 为美洲鳗鲡最大增重率的最佳饲粮铁添加水平。研究结果为美洲鳗饲料铁的补充提供了实际指导，明确了美洲鳗饲料铁的最佳补充水平。

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引用次数: 0

Glutamine enhances Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larval development through CgEAAT1-cortisol-CgIGF1 signaling pathway 谷氨酰胺通过cgeaat1 -皮质醇- cgigf1信号通路促进太平洋牡蛎（长牡蛎）幼虫发育

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103286

Wenjing Ren , Deliang Li , Xueshu Zhang , Chuanyan Yang , Ning Kong , Zhaoyu He , Chang Liu , Lingling Wang , Linsheng Song

Glutamine (Gln) represents an important functional amino acid for aquatic animals, but its regulatory mechanism in mollusk growth and development remains unclear. In the present study, Gln incubation significantly increased feeding rate (30–32 %) and metabolic activity in adult oysters (Crassostrea gigas), with hemocyte mitochondria exhibiting typical metabolically active states. Metabolomic analysis revealed that Gln functioned through inhibition of cortisol synthesis pathways. Corticosterone and cortisol levels decreased by 30 % and 34 % after Gln incubation, while CgIGF1 expression increased 2.9-fold. Corticosterone content in hemocytes increased from 110 to 135 μmol/L following CgEAAT1 interference, while cortisol increased from 400 to 460 μmol/L. CgIGF1 expression decreased to 8 % of control levels at 24 h post-interference. Exogenous Gln supplementation reversed these effects, reducing corticosterone to 90 μmol/L and restoring CgIGF1 expression to 2.2-fold of control. During larval cultivation, 10⁻⁶ mol/L Gln incubation significantly improved growth rate, eyespot formation rate (35 %), and settlement rate (75 %), accompanied by downregulation of Cg11β-HSD1 expression (1.5-fold) and upregulation of CgIGF1 expression (2.8-fold). These results indicate that Gln improves oyster larval survival and settlement via the CgEAAT1-cortisol-CgIGF1 pathway, providing theoretical basis for optimizing nutritional strategies in oyster seed cultivation.

谷氨酰胺（Gln）是水生动物重要的功能氨基酸，但其在软体动物生长发育中的调控机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，Gln孵育显著提高了成年牡蛎（长牡蛎）的摄食率（30-32 %）和代谢活性，其中血细胞线粒体表现出典型的代谢活性状态。代谢组学分析显示，Gln通过抑制皮质醇合成途径发挥作用。Gln孵育后，皮质酮和皮质醇水平分别下降了30 %和34 %，而CgIGF1的表达增加了2.9倍。CgEAAT1干扰后，血细胞中皮质酮含量从110 μmol/L增加到135 μmol/L，皮质醇含量从400 μmol/L增加到460 μmol/L。干扰后24 h， CgIGF1的表达量下降到对照水平的8 %。外源Gln的补充逆转了这些作用，将皮质酮降低到90 μmol/L，并将CgIGF1的表达恢复到对照的2.2倍。在幼虫培养过程中，10⁻26 mol/L Gln孵育显著提高了幼虫的生长速度、眼斑形成率（35 %）和沉降率（75 %），同时下调了Cg11β-HSD1的表达（1.5倍）和上调了CgIGF1的表达（2.8倍）。这些结果表明，Gln通过cgeaat1 -皮质醇- cgigf1通路改善了牡蛎幼虫的生存和定居，为优化牡蛎种子栽培的营养策略提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Fermented spent coffee ground – derived gluco-oligosaccharide extract by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as growth enhancing and immunity boosting feed additive for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵咖啡渣低聚糖提取物作为尼罗罗非鱼促生长和增强免疫力饲料添加剂的研究

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103289

Nantaporn Sutthi , Eakapol Wangkahart , Nanthana Pothakam , Thipphiya Karirat , Piyathida Promjamorn , Apichaya Bunyatratchata , Nyuk Ling Ma , Vijitra Luang-In

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are a promising agro-industrial byproduct for microbial bioconversion into functional oligosaccharides. This study aimed to optimize the production of a fermented SCG-gluco-oligosaccharide (GlcOS) extract using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and to evaluate its potential as a functional feed additive in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Proximate analysis of SCG confirmed a high carbohydrate content (44.20 %), along with notable levels of protein (13.25 %) and fiber (20.97 %). The highest antioxidant activity of fermented SCG-GlcOS extract (81.14 % DPPH scavenging activity and a FRAP value of 10.13 mg Fe²⁺/g DW) was observed when using 10 % w/v SCG and 5 % v/v Bacillus inoculum. Feeding trials were conducted with Nile tilapia (approximately 2 months old; initial body weight 6.72 g) reared in floating cages (1 × 1.5 × 1 m) containing 30 fish each. The control group (T1) received a basal diet, while the experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with fermented SCG-GlcOS at 2 g/kg (T2), 4 g/kg (T3), or 8 g/kg (T4) for 8 weeks. Significant improvements in growth performance were observed in fish fed the 4 g/kg fermented SCG-GlcOS diet (T3), which showed the highest final body weight (24.53 g), weight gain (17.73 g), and the best feed conversion ratio (1.35). Fish in the T3 group (4 g/kg fermented SCG-GlcOS) showed significantly higher red blood cell counts (2.78 × 10⁶ cells/mm³) and hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant enzyme activity (9.37 U/g liver, 2-fold increase over the control group), along with enhanced protease (20.59 U/mg) and lipase (57.49 U/mg) activities. However, fermented SCG-GlcOS did not enhance disease resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae. These findings highlight the potential of fermented SCG-GlcOS as an environmentally friendly feed supplement capable of enhancing Nile tilapia growth, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic function. This study contributes to sustainable aquafeed development, reducing dependency on synthetic additives and promoting eco-friendly aquaculture practices.

废咖啡渣（SCG）是一种很有前途的农业工业副产品，可用于微生物转化为功能性低聚糖。本研究旨在优化利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌发酵低聚葡萄糖（GlcOS）提取物的生产工艺，并评价其作为尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）功能性饲料添加剂的潜力。对SCG的近似分析证实其碳水化合物含量高（44.20 %），蛋白质含量高（13.25 %），纤维含量高（20.97 %）。当使用10 % w/v的SCG和5 % v/v的芽孢杆菌接种时，发酵SCG- glcos提取物的抗氧化活性最高（81.14 % DPPH清除活性和10.13 mg Fe 2 + /g DW的FRAP值）。饲养试验采用尼罗罗非鱼（约2个月大，初始体重为6.72 g），饲养在浮动网箱（1 × 1.5 × 1 m）中，每个网箱30尾鱼。对照组（T1）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加2 g/kg （T2）、4 g/kg （T3）、8 g/kg （T4）发酵SCG-GlcOS的饲粮，为期8周。4 g/kg发酵SCG-GlcOS饲粮（T3）显著提高了鱼的生长性能，最终体重最高（24.53 g），增重最高（17.73 g），饲料系数最高（1.35）。T3组（4 g/kg发酵SCG-GlcOS）显著提高了鱼的红细胞计数（2.78 × 106细胞/mm3）和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）抗氧化酶活性（9.37 U/g肝脏，是对照组的2倍），蛋白酶（20.59 U/mg）和脂肪酶（57.49 U/mg）活性也显著提高。然而，发酵的SCG-GlcOS并没有增强对无乳链球菌的抗病性。这些发现强调了发酵SCG-GlcOS作为一种环境友好型饲料添加剂的潜力，能够促进尼罗罗非鱼的生长、抗氧化能力和代谢功能。该研究有助于水产饲料的可持续发展，减少对合成添加剂的依赖，促进生态友好型水产养殖。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing live transport conditions for Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Temperature and prawn-water mass ratio effects on survival, stress physiology and metabolic adaptation 罗氏沼虾活体运输条件优化：温度和虾水质量比对存活、应激生理和代谢适应的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103240

Xuenan Li , Xiaoqi Gu , Huici Yang , Simin You , Nauman Khan , Xilin Dai

This study aimed to optimize live transport strategies for Macrobrachium rosenbergii by systematically examining transport conditions and underlying metabolic response mechanisms, with the ultimate goal of improving transport survival and product quality. The study analyzed the influence of varying transport temperatures and prawn-to-water mass ratios on survival rate, physiological indexes and tissue integrity in M. rosenbergii. The findings indicated that ammonia nitrogen accumulation emerged as the primary limiting factor for transportation survival. During short-duration transport (12 h), a combination of low temperature (16℃) and a high prawn-to-water mass ratio (1:2) significantly enhanced survival rates (up to 100 % in the T16–3 group) and substantially mitigated immune stress and oxidative damage. However, after extended-duration transport (24 h), the antioxidant system was gradually depleted, lipid peroxidation increased, and significant damage to hepatopancreatic tissue occurred. The survival rate in the high temperature (20℃) and anhydrous transport group declined sharply due to accelerated metabolism and an imbalance in osmotic pressure. Metabolomics techniques were subsequently used to examine the effects of live transport on the metabolic processes of M. rosenbergii. The findings revealed that the T16–3 group positively regulates environmental stresses by providing energy and performing detoxification functions through amino acid metabolic pathways. Groups T16–1 and T16–2 reduced immunity and energy availability by inhibiting autophagy-related and linoleic acid metabolic pathways. Groups T18–3 and T20–3 resisted the stressful environment by activating a wide range of metabolic changes, but still caused severe damage to the prawn. This study offers a scientific foundation for optimizing the live transport of M. rosenbergii, thereby improving transport efficiency, reducing costs, and ensuring product quality and freshness.

本研究旨在通过系统考察罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）的运输条件和代谢反应机制，优化其活体运输策略，以提高其运输存活率和产品质量。本研究分析了不同运输温度和虾水质量比对罗氏沼虾成活率、生理指标和组织完整性的影响。结果表明，氨氮积累是影响转运存活的主要限制因素。在短时间运输（12 h）中，低温（16℃）和高虾水质量比（1:2）的组合显著提高了存活率（T16-3组高达100% %），并显著减轻了免疫应激和氧化损伤。然而，在长时间运输（24 h）后，抗氧化系统逐渐耗尽，脂质过氧化增加，肝胰腺组织发生明显损伤。高温（20℃）和无水转运组由于代谢加速和渗透压失衡，存活率急剧下降。代谢组学技术随后被用于检查活转运对罗氏分枝杆菌代谢过程的影响。结果表明，T16-3组通过氨基酸代谢途径提供能量并发挥解毒功能，积极调节环境应激。T16-1和T16-2组通过抑制自噬相关途径和亚油酸代谢途径降低免疫力和能量利用率。T18-3组和T20-3组通过激活广泛的代谢变化来抵抗应激环境，但仍对对虾造成严重伤害。本研究为优化罗氏沼虾的活体运输，从而提高运输效率，降低成本，保证产品质量和新鲜度提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on ovarian development of Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852): Comparative proteomics analysis, growth performance and biochemical 光照强度和光周期对克氏原螯虾卵巢发育的影响（Girard, 1852）：比较蛋白质组学分析、生长性能和生化

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103302

Long Wang , Fanqian Kong , Meng Hu , Tianyu Guan , Chuankun Zhu , Guoliang Chang , Hui Wang , Jiale Li

Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that the decrease in photoperiod could inhibit the growth and ovarian development of Procambarus clarkii, while the decrease in light intensity could promote the growth of P. clarkii and inhibit the ovarian development. The underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. Through comparative proteomic analysis, this study identified many important proteins involved in ovarian development and oocyte maturation, such as maltase, α-phosphate synthase, and sugar metabolism-related pathways. These key proteins and signaling pathways were discovered for the first time in the ovaries of P. clarkii. This study found that light intensity and photoperiod can control the development of ovaries and oocytes in P. clarkii by regulating the expression patterns of important proteins. The decrease in light intensity promoted the glycogen metabolism of P. clarkii and was beneficial to energy metabolism of P. clarkii. Under low light intensity, P. clarkii metabolized sugar faster and produced more energy, promoting the growth of P. clarkii. The decrease in light intensity may lead to changes in the energy allocation strategy of P. clarkii, leading to the energy mainly used for growth rather than gonadal development. The decrease in photoperiod had an inhibitory effect on lipid metabolism of P. clarkii. P. clarkii cannot produce normal nutrients (such as Glu, TC and TG), causing maturation of ovaries and oocytes to be inhibited. The results in this study reveal molecular mechanisms of the effects of light intensity and photoperiod on ovarian development in P. clarkii, and provide important information for further studying development of ovary and oocyte in crustacean.

生理生化分析表明，光周期的缩短可抑制克氏原螯虾的生长和卵巢发育，而光强的降低可促进克氏原螯虾的生长，抑制卵巢发育。其潜在的分子机制尚不清楚。通过比较蛋白质组学分析，本研究发现了许多参与卵巢发育和卵母细胞成熟的重要蛋白，如麦芽糖酶、α-磷酸合成酶、糖代谢相关途径等。这些关键蛋白和信号通路是首次在克拉氏疟原虫卵巢中发现的。本研究发现，光强和光周期可以通过调节重要蛋白的表达模式来控制克拉氏疟原虫卵巢和卵母细胞的发育。光照强度的降低促进了克氏弧菌的糖原代谢，有利于克氏弧菌的能量代谢。在弱光强下，克氏假单胞菌代谢糖更快，产生能量更多，促进了克氏假单胞菌的生长。光照强度的降低可能导致克氏疟原虫能量分配策略的改变，导致能量主要用于生长而非性腺发育。光周期的减少对克氏假单胞菌的脂质代谢有抑制作用。clarkii不能产生正常的营养物质（如Glu、TC和TG），导致卵巢和卵母细胞的成熟受到抑制。本研究结果揭示了光强和光周期对克拉氏p.c clarkii卵巢发育影响的分子机制，为进一步研究甲壳类动物卵巢和卵母细胞的发育提供了重要信息。

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引用次数: 0

Hormonal profiles and reproductive development of hatchery-reared first filial (F1) generation silver trevally (Pseudocaranx georgianus, Carangidae) 孵化饲养的第一代（F1）代银鲫（Pseudocaranx georgianus, Carangidae）的激素谱及生殖发育

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103303

Matthew J. Wylie , Igor Ruza , Ria Rebstock , Nicola Shaw , Lachlan P. Dennis , P. Mark Lokman , Josephine Nocillado , Abigail Elizur , Keitaro Kato , Maren Wellenreuther

We examined the annual (maiden) reproductive cycle of hatchery-reared first filial (F1) generation silver trevally (Pseudocaranx georgianus) by tracking ovarian development and plasma levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh), luteinizing hormone (Lh), and estradiol-17β (E2). Our aims were to determine the age at puberty, identify reproductive dysfunctions, and lay the groundwork for manipulating the spawning season. To achieve this, mixed-sex two-year-old fish (n = 424) were maintained in a 13-m³ tank under ambient conditions. Baseline samples were collected in April 2018, followed by near-monthly sampling (every 4–6 weeks) from July 2018 to April 2019. Puberty occurred at 3 years of age. Fish showed distinct seasonality in their reproductive cycle, with a clear peak in activity during the months of November to December (late spring/early summer). Reproductive development in females was limited, with only 2.7 % out of 113 females sampled achieving late vitellogenesis, and no instances of oocyte maturation or spontaneous spawning were observed. Contrary to increasing plasma E2 content as oogenesis progressed, plasma concentrations of Lh and Fsh remained relatively stable across oogenesis stages. The lack of increased plasma Lh suggests that reproductive dysfunction (absence of spontaneous spawning) may be due to insufficient quantities of Lh being released into the bloodstream to accomplish oocyte maturation, ovulation and spawning.

通过跟踪卵巢发育和血浆促卵泡激素（Fsh）、黄体生成素（Lh）和雌二醇-17β (E2)水平，研究了在孵化场饲养的第一代（F1）代银鲹（Pseudocaranx georgianus）的年（处女）生殖周期。我们的目的是确定青春期的年龄，确定生殖功能障碍，并为操纵产卵季节奠定基础。为了实现这一目标，在环境条件下将两岁的混合性鱼（n = 424）饲养在一个13立方米的水箱中。2018年4月收集基线样本，随后从2018年7月至2019年4月进行近每月采样（每4-6周）。青春期发生在3岁。鱼类的繁殖周期具有明显的季节性，在11月至12月（春末夏初）有明显的活动高峰。雌性的生殖发育是有限的，在113只雌性样本中只有2.7% %达到卵黄发育晚期，没有观察到卵母细胞成熟或自发产卵的情况。血浆中Lh和Fsh的浓度在整个卵子发生阶段保持相对稳定，而血浆中E2含量随着卵子发生的进展而增加。血浆Lh缺乏增加表明生殖功能障碍（缺乏自发产卵）可能是由于没有足够的Lh被释放到血液中来完成卵母细胞成熟、排卵和产卵。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated multi-omics analysis uncovers immune regulatory mechanisms in juvenile Procambarus clarkii during the Black May Disease epidemic period 综合多组学分析揭示了黑May病流行期克氏原螯虾幼鱼的免疫调节机制

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103279

Xueqi Teng, Chengwen Song, Jinyun Ren, Yuxin Fan, Shiyu Jin, Si Luo

Black May Disease (BMD), a highly lethal syndrome affecting Procambarus clarkii in late spring-early summer, poses threatens to aquaculture sustainability. To clarify the physiological and immune regulation in juvenile P. clarkii during the BMD epidemic period, we employed an integrated multi-omics approach, assessing biochemical indices, key immune pathways dynamics, and gut microbiota succession to explain disease susceptibility and progression. The results showed marked alterations in immune response and oxidative stress during the BMD epidemic period. The activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) decline consistently, whereas those of lipase and amylase (AMS) increased gradually. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content peaked at stage S2 before subsequently decreased. Notably, key immune pathways—including the NOD-like receptor, PI3K-Akt, and lysosome pathways—were significantly activated from stages S2 to S3. By stage S4, these pathways showed reduced expression. At the same time, the gut microbiota clearly shifted, with the dominant phylum shifting from Proteobacteria to Firmicutes during the BMD epidemic period. Meanwhile opportunistic genera, such as Aeromonas and Acinetobacter declined, while probiotic-associated genera, including Lactobacillus and Bacillus, increased. Together, these patterns indicate coordinated immune regulation, microbial restructuring, and antioxidant responses that accompany a transition from acute immune activation to physiological homeostasis. In summary, this study elucidates adaptive mechanisms in juvenile P. clarkii during BMD and provides a conceptual basis for developing disease prevention and probiotic intervention strategies to mitigate BMD risk.

黑May病（BMD）是一种在春末夏初影响克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）的高致死性综合征，对水产养殖的可持续性构成威胁。为了阐明幼年克氏疟原虫在BMD流行期间的生理和免疫调控，我们采用综合多组学方法，评估生化指标、关键免疫途径动态和肠道微生物群演替，以解释疾病的易感性和进展。结果显示，在BMD流行期间，免疫反应和氧化应激发生了显著变化。酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性持续下降，而脂肪酶和淀粉酶（AMS）活性逐渐升高。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量在S2期达到峰值，随后下降。值得注意的是，关键的免疫途径——包括nod样受体、PI3K-Akt和溶酶体途径——在S2至S3阶段被显著激活。到S4期，这些通路表达减少。与此同时，肠道菌群发生了明显的变化，在BMD流行期间，优势门从变形菌门转变为厚壁菌门。同时，气单胞菌和不动杆菌等机会性属减少，而乳酸杆菌和芽孢杆菌等益生菌相关属增加。总之，这些模式表明协调免疫调节、微生物重组和抗氧化反应伴随着从急性免疫激活到生理稳态的转变。综上所述，本研究阐明了幼年克氏杆菌在骨密度下降过程中的适应机制，为制定疾病预防和益生菌干预策略以降低骨密度下降风险提供了概念基础。

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引用次数: 0