Aquaculture Reports最新文献_第8页

Effect of eyestalk ablation and water temperature on the gonadal transcriptome of greasyback shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis) 眼柄消融和水温对油背对虾性腺转录组的影响

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102374

Xinhe Ruan , Huitao Cheng , Jinhong Shan , Lihua Li , Zijie Xuan , Kaishan Liang , Xianze Jia , Jie Yu , Zongyang Li , Liyuan Luo , Xiaoling Zuo , Kun Wu , Qing Wang , Xiaobo Wen , Huihong Zhao

Metapenaeus ensis (De Haan 1850), a commercially viable species in China, has yet to be studied in depth, particularly with regard to gonadal development. Understanding the dynamics of gonadal development is crucial for the successful culture of this shrimp. To this end, we conducted a comparative analysis of the gonadal transcriptomes of M. ensis using Illumina RNA-seq technology. Our study aimed to identify gonad-related genes by comparing gonadal transcriptomes after two key methods of stimulating gonadal development in females and males: eyestalk ablation and temperature stress. A total of 54,425 unigenes were obtained after assembly and annotated in the database, yielding 25,715 unigenes. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was performed on male and female gonads post-eyestalk ablation gonads and post-temperature stress and compared to controls. The DEGs showed functional enrichment in KEGG pathways related to DNA replication, starch and sucrose metabolism, and mitochondrial autophagy. A total of 17 DEGs known to be associated with gonadal development were searched in the transcriptome of M. ensis. Female-specific DEGs, including VG, VGR, AK, PGFS, CYP49A1, SRM, and PGES2, and male-biased DEGs, including IGF1R, SPATA20, DMRT1, INSR, SPATA2, SPATA13, GNRHR, MPRS-γ, SMOX, and FOXJ2–3, were identified. This study also demonstrated the capacity to regulate the expression of CHH and SPATA13 following eyestalk ablation, as well as the capacity to regulate the expression of HSP70 and MIH following temperature stress, subsequently impacting gonadal development. These results highlight the genes involved in gonadal development, which will enhance our understanding in further studies on the reproduction and breeding of M. ensis and other marine crustacea.

濑尿虾（Metapenaeus ensis，De Haan 1850）是中国的一种商业化养殖品种，但对其性腺发育的研究还不够深入。了解性腺发育的动态对成功养殖这种对虾至关重要。为此，我们利用Illumina RNA-seq技术对恩氏对虾的性腺转录组进行了比较分析。我们的研究旨在通过比较两种刺激雌性和雄性性腺发育的关键方法（眼茎消融和温度胁迫）后的性腺转录组，找出与性腺相关的基因。经过组装和在数据库中注释，共获得 54,425 个单位基因，其中 25,715 个单位基因。对眼柄消融后的雌雄性腺和温度胁迫后的雌雄性腺进行了差异表达基因（DEG）分析，并与对照组进行了比较。DEGs 在与 DNA 复制、淀粉和蔗糖代谢以及线粒体自噬有关的 KEGG 通路中显示出功能富集。在M. ensis的转录组中共搜索到17个已知与性腺发育相关的DEGs。发现了雌性特异性 DEGs（包括 VG、VGR、AK、PGFS、CYP49A1、SRM 和 PGES2）和雄性偏倚 DEGs（包括 IGF1R、SPATA20、DMRT1、INSR、SPATA2、SPATA13、GNRHR、MPRS-γ、SMOX 和 FOXJ2-3）。该研究还表明，眼柄消融后，CHH 和 SPATA13 的表达受到调控；温度胁迫后，HSP70 和 MIH 的表达受到调控，从而影响性腺发育。这些结果突出了参与性腺发育的基因，将有助于我们进一步研究安氏甲壳虫和其他海洋甲壳动物的繁殖和育种。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AV5 on growth, immune responses, and resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 膳食淀粉样芽孢杆菌 AV5 对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）生长、免疫反应和抗变形链球菌能力的影响

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102391

Vicent Michael Shija , Kwaku Amoah , Yi Li , Zhong Yong , Zhengsi Chen , Jia Cai

This study assessed the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AV5 on the diet of Nile tilapia, focusing on growth, immune responses, and resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Fingerlings of Oreochromis niloticus were split into three groups and fed diets with different concentrations of B. amyloliquefaciens AV5 for 30 days as follows: no AV5, G1:106 CFU/g, G2:108 CFU/g. Upon completion of the feeding trial, G2 exhibited improved growth performance, including Wf, WGR, and SGR, along with a significantly lower (p< 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the other groups. Enhanced immune and biochemical parameters (p < 0.05), including lysozyme (LZM), immunoglobulin M (IgM), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and acid phosphatase (ACP), as well as antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) and digestive enzymes (trypsin (TYS), lipase (LPS), and protease (PTS)), were observed in group G2 compared to the GC group. No Significant differences in amylase (AML), cellulase (CLS), and xylanase (XYN) levels were observed among the GC, G1, and G2 groups. A substantial decrease (p< 0.05) in GOT, GPT, and MDA activity was observed in G2 compared to that in the GC group. No substantial differences in glucose (GL) levels were observed among the GC, G1, and G2 groups. A substantial increase (p< 0.05) in total protein (TP) was observed in G2 relative to the GC and G1 groups. Significant increases (p< 0.05) were observed in the liver and kidneys of growth- and immunity-related genes in the G2 group, including C-LYZ, GHR-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IGF-1. After intraperitoneal injection of S. agalactiae into both control and test fish, the cumulative mortalities in the GC, G1, and G2 groups were 78 %, 51 %, and 14 %, respectively. The findings indicate that administering B. amyloliquefaciens AV5 at a concentration of 1×10⁸cfu/g could potentially yield beneficial outcomes as a probiotic in aquaculture.

本研究评估了淀粉样芽孢杆菌 AV5 对尼罗罗非鱼日粮的影响，重点关注生长、免疫反应和对无乳链球菌感染的抵抗力。将尼罗罗非鱼幼苗分成三组，分别喂食含有不同浓度淀粉芽孢杆菌 AV5 的日粮 30 天：无 AV5、G1:106 CFU/g、G2:108 CFU/g。饲喂试验结束后，G2 的生长性能（包括 Wf、WGR 和 SGR）得到改善，饲料转化率（FCR）显著低于其他组（p< 0.05）。免疫和生化指标（p< 0.05），包括溶菌酶（LZM）、免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP），以及抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT））和消化酶（胰蛋白酶（TYS）、脂肪酶（LPS）和蛋白酶（PTS））。淀粉酶（AML）、纤维素酶（CLS）和木聚糖酶（XYN）水平在 GC 组、G1 组和 G2 组之间无明显差异。与 GC 组相比，G2 组的 GOT、GPT 和 MDA 活性大幅降低（p< 0.05）。GC 组、G1 组和 G2 组的葡萄糖（GL）水平没有明显差异。与 GC 组和 G1 组相比，在 G2 组观察到总蛋白 (TP) 显著增加（p< 0.05）。在 G2 组的肝脏和肾脏中观察到生长和免疫相关基因显著增加（p< 0.05），包括 C-LYZ、GHR-1、TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IGF-1。对照组和试验鱼腹腔注射 S. agalactiae 后，GC 组、G1 组和 G2 组的累积死亡率分别为 78%、51% 和 14%。研究结果表明，在水产养殖中使用浓度为 1×108cfu/g 的淀粉样芽孢杆菌 AV5 作为益生菌可能会产生有益的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium on growth indices, antioxidant status, and immune genes expression in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) 从棕色大型藻类马尾藻中提取的膳食硫酸化多糖对南美白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）生长指数、抗氧化状态和免疫基因表达的影响

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102387

Maryam Pourazad , Dara Bagheri , Ebrahim Sotoudeh , Ahmad Ghasemi

This feeding trial aimed to evaluate the impacts of dietary sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium on growth, antioxidant status, and immune genes expression in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 225 shrimp (3.91 ± 0.02 g) were stocked into fifteen 300-L fiberglass tanks (15 shrimp/tank) and divided into five groups fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5 (SIP0.5), 1 (SIP1), 2 (SIP2), and 4 (SIP4) g/kg diet of S. ilicifolium-extracted sulfated polysaccharides (SIP). After 8 weeks, growth and feed utilization indices and muscle composition in white shrimp were not significantly different (P > 0.05). All shrimps exhibited a high survival (above 80 %). While catalase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in the hepatopancreas of shrimp were not significantly different among treatments, hepatopancreas glutathione (GSH) content of shrimp fed diet supplemented with 4 g SIP/kg diet (SIP4) was significantly higher, then SIP2 treatment, and lower in other shrimps (P < 0.05). Also, incorporating 4 g SIP/kg diet resulted in a significant lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the hepatopancreas of shrimp than the control (P < 0.05). Prophenoloxidase relative expression was highest in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed diet supplemented with 2 g/kg of S. ilicifolium-extracted sulfated polysaccharides (SIP2), followed by 0.5 and 1 g/kg SIP fed treatments, then 4 g/kg SIP fed group and lowest in the control (P < 0.05). The higher relative expressions of SOD and penaeidin-3a genes in the hepatopancreas were also seen in the SIP fed shrimps. Moreover, a significant increase in hepatopancreas lysozyme expression was recorded with increasing SIP administration levels. Thus, sulfated polysaccharides extracted from S. ilicifolium at levels of 2–4 g/kg diet have antioxidant and immunostimulatory effects in white shrimp and can be safely used as an immunostimulant for juvenile L. vannamei without impairing growth performance and biochemical muscle composition.

本喂养试验旨在评估从马尾藻中提取的硫酸化多糖对南美白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）生长、抗氧化状态和免疫基因表达的影响。将 225 尾对虾（3.91 ± 0.02 g）放入 15 个 300 L 玻璃纤维水箱（每箱 15 尾），分成 5 组，分别投喂 0（对照组）、0.5（SIP0.5）、1（SIP1）、2（SIP2）和 4（SIP4）g/kg 的马尾藻硫酸化多糖（SIP）饲料。8 周后，南美白对虾的生长指数、饲料利用指数和肌肉成分无显著差异（P > 0.05）。所有虾的存活率都很高（超过 80%）。虽然不同处理间对虾肝胰脏中的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶（GST）活性无显著差异，但添加 4 克 SIP/kg 日粮（SIP4）的对虾肝胰脏谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量显著高于 SIP2 处理，低于其他处理（P <0.05）。此外，添加 4 克 SIP/kg 日粮导致对虾肝胰脏中丙二醛（MDA）含量明显低于对照组（P < 0.05）。丙醇氧化酶相对表达量在添加 2 克/千克伊犁藻提取硫酸化多糖（SIP2）的对虾肝胰腺中最高，其次是添加 0.5 克/千克和 1 克/千克 SIP 的处理，然后是添加 4 克/千克 SIP 的组，而在对照组中最低（P < 0.05）。肝胰腺中 SOD 和青霉烯-3a 基因的相对表达量在 SIP 组中也较高。此外，随着 SIP 投喂量的增加，肝胰腺溶菌酶的表达量也明显增加。因此，从 S. ilicifolium 提取的硫酸化多糖在每千克饲料中添加 2-4 克时，对南美白对虾具有抗氧化和免疫刺激作用，可安全地用作凡纳滨对虾幼体的免疫刺激剂，而不会影响其生长性能和肌肉生化成分。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance, haematobiochemical parameters and gene expression profile of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis 补充辣木（Moringa oleifera）叶粉对刺鲶（Heteropneustes fossilis）生长性能、血液生化指标和基因表达谱的影响

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102388

Md. Rajib Sharker , Khandakar Rakibul Hasan , Md. Ariful Alam , Md Nazmul Haque , Sang Duk Choi , Md Fakhrul Islam , Md. Moklasur Rahman , Md. Mohidul Islam , Syed Ariful Haque

Moringa oleifera is a popular edible protein source due to its high concentration of micronutrients, macronutrients, and antioxidants. The present study investigated the effects of M. oleifera leaf at various levels on the growth performance, haematobiochemical response, and SOD2 and HSP70 gene expression of Heteropneustes fossilis for 90 days. The fish were randomly distributed into 12 glass aquaria (66×36×36 cm) at 50 fish/aquarium in triplicate treatments Four dietary groups were used to feed the H. fossilis, each group containing graded levels of M. oleifera leaf meal (0, 10 %, 20 %, and 40 %) with a basal diet. It was observed that H. fossilis fed a diet supplemented with 10 % MOLM produced the highest final weight, specific growth rate, condition factor, and survivability. Hemoglobin and red blood cell levels were significantly higher in the fish treatment fed with a 10 % M. oleifera diet compared to the other treatments. Significantly lower levels of ALT and AST were detected in the fish that were fed a diet containing 10 % MOLM. Frequencies of ECA and ENA were significantly higher at 40 % M. oleifera inclusion. The relative mRNA expression profile of SOD2 and HSP70 gene were significantly higher at 10 % MOLM supplementation diet in comparison to the control group. The results of the PCA showed that adding 10 % MOLM supplementation had a beneficial effect on the nutritional and haematobiochemical parameters. Overall, it can be stated that 10 % MOLM treated with basal diet as a supplement on stinging catfish have positive impact on growth performance, haematobiochemical response, and immune gene expression.

油辣木含高浓度的微量营养素、宏量营养素和抗氧化剂，是一种广受欢迎的食用蛋白质来源。本研究调查了不同水平的油麻叶对化石异尖吻鲈 90 天的生长性能、血液生化反应、SOD2 和 HSP70 基因表达的影响。将鱼随机分配到 12 个玻璃水族箱（66×36×36 厘米）中，每箱 50 条，一式三份。据观察，用添加了 10 % 油菜叶粉的日粮饲喂的化石鱼最终体重、特定生长率、体况系数和存活率最高。与其他处理相比，用 10 % 油菜籽饲料喂养的鱼的血红蛋白和红细胞水平明显更高。喂食含 10 % MOLM 的饲料的鱼的谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）水平明显较低。含 40 % M. oleifera 的饲料中 ECA 和 ENA 的频率明显较高。与对照组相比，添加 10 % MOLM 的膳食中 SOD2 和 HSP70 基因的相对 mRNA 表达谱明显升高。PCA 的结果表明，添加 10 % MOLM 对营养和血液生化指标有好处。总之，在基础日粮中添加 10 % MOLM 作为刺鲶的补充剂对刺鲶的生长性能、血液生化反应和免疫基因表达有积极影响。

{"title":"Effects of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance, haematobiochemical parameters and gene expression profile of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis","authors":"Md. Rajib Sharker , Khandakar Rakibul Hasan , Md. Ariful Alam , Md Nazmul Haque , Sang Duk Choi , Md Fakhrul Islam , Md. Moklasur Rahman , Md. Mohidul Islam , Syed Ariful Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moringa oleifera is a popular edible protein source due to its high concentration of micronutrients, macronutrients, and antioxidants. The present study investigated the effects of M. oleifera leaf at various levels on the growth performance, haematobiochemical response, and SOD2 and HSP70 gene expression of Heteropneustes fossilis for 90 days. The fish were randomly distributed into 12 glass aquaria (66×36×36 cm) at 50 fish/aquarium in triplicate treatments Four dietary groups were used to feed the H. fossilis, each group containing graded levels of M. oleifera leaf meal (0, 10 %, 20 %, and 40 %) with a basal diet. It was observed that H. fossilis fed a diet supplemented with 10 % MOLM produced the highest final weight, specific growth rate, condition factor, and survivability. Hemoglobin and red blood cell levels were significantly higher in the fish treatment fed with a 10 % M. oleifera diet compared to the other treatments. Significantly lower levels of ALT and AST were detected in the fish that were fed a diet containing 10 % MOLM. Frequencies of ECA and ENA were significantly higher at 40 % M. oleifera inclusion. The relative mRNA expression profile of SOD2 and HSP70 gene were significantly higher at 10 % MOLM supplementation diet in comparison to the control group. The results of the PCA showed that adding 10 % MOLM supplementation had a beneficial effect on the nutritional and haematobiochemical parameters. Overall, it can be stated that 10 % MOLM treated with basal diet as a supplement on stinging catfish have positive impact on growth performance, haematobiochemical response, and immune gene expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of substitution of lard oil and soybean oil with Rhodotorula toruloides biomass on growth, muscle fatty acids, digestive enzyme activities, lipid metabolism, liver and intestinal health, and gut microbiota of zebrafish (Danio rerio) 用红豆杉生物质替代猪油和大豆油对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）生长、肌肉脂肪酸、消化酶活性、脂质代谢、肝脏和肠道健康以及肠道微生物群的影响

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102385

Dongdong Du , Xingyu Chen , Tsegay Teame , Shubin Liu , Qianwen Ding , Yuanyuan Yao , Qiang Hao , Chao Ran , Yalin Yang , Zhen Zhang , Zhigang Zhou

Microbial oil, as an alternative to fish oil, animal and vegetable oils in aquafeeds, have a great potential to fulfil the high demand for lipid sources in the fast-growing aquaculture. However, their use as a feed ingredient in aquaculture is not common. For that, Rhodotorula toruloides (51.90 % lipid) was used to replace 0.00 % (control), 9.38 % (RT3), 18.75 % (RT6), 37.50 % (RT9), and 56.25 % (RT18) of the lard and soybean oils commonly used in aquaculture in the diet of zebrafish. After 6 weeks of feeding, compared with the control group, (1) the FBW and WGR were significantly increased (p<0.05) in RT9 group, (2) the content of C18:1 and C18:3 fatty acids were increased, while that of C18:0, C18:2, and C20:4 were decreased in the muscle of zebrafish, indicating that the fatty acid content of the feed affect the muscle content of fatty acids, (3) the intestinal lipase activity was markedly elevated in RT9 group (p<0.05), (4) in RT9 and RT18 groups the content of AST was significantly reduced (p<0.05), (5) the content of TAG in the liver was significantly reduced in RT6, RT9 and RT18 groups (p<0.05), probably due to the down-regulation of the lipid synthesis-related gene dgat2 and up-regulation of the lipolysis-related gene ucp2, (6) the expression of il-8 in the intestine was notably downregulated in RT9 and RT18 groups (p<0.05), whereas the expression of inhibitory gene il-10 was significantly upregulated in RT9 group (p<0.05), (7) feeding with R. toruloides reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Vibrio spp, while increasing the abundance of Firmicutes. In sum, the replacement of R. toruloides at a level of 37.50 % can improve the growth, digestive enzyme activity, liver health and gut microbiota profile of zebrafish fed with high-fat diet and can be used to replace the oil sources from other unsustainable ingredients in aquafeed.

微生物油作为鱼油、动物油和植物油在水产饲料中的替代品，在满足快速增长的水产养殖业对脂质来源的高需求方面具有巨大潜力。然而，将其用作水产养殖中的饲料配料并不常见。因此，在斑马鱼的饲料中，用红瘰疬（Rhodotorula toruloides，脂质含量为 51.90%）分别替代 0.00%（对照组）、9.38%（RT3）、18.75%（RT6）、37.50%（RT9）和 56.25%（RT18）水产养殖中常用的猪油和大豆油。饲喂 6 周后，与对照组相比，(1) RT9 组的 FBW 和 WGR 显著增加（p<0.05）；（2）RT9 组斑马鱼肌肉中 C18:1 和 C18:3 脂肪酸含量增加，C18:0、C18:2 和 C20:4 脂肪酸含量减少，说明饲料中脂肪酸含量影响肌肉中脂肪酸含量；（3）RT9 组斑马鱼肠道脂肪酶活性明显升高（p<0.05）；（4）RT9 组和 RT18 组斑马鱼 AST 含量明显降低（p<0.05）；（5）肝脏中 TAG 的含量在 RT6、RT9 和 RT18 组明显降低（p<0.05），可能是由于脂质合成相关基因 dgat2 下调和脂肪分解相关基因 ucp2 上调所致；（6）肠道中 il-8 的表达在 RT9 和 RT18 组明显下调（p<0.05），而抑制基因 il-10 的表达在 RT9 组显著上调（p<0.05）；（7）饲喂 R. toruloides 可降低变形杆菌和弧菌的相对丰度，而增加固着菌的丰度。总之，37.50%的R. toruloides可改善高脂饲料斑马鱼的生长、消化酶活性、肝脏健康和肠道微生物群谱，可用于替代水产饲料中其他不可持续成分的油源。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of two potential probiotic strains of Levilactobacillus brevis isolated from carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) with strong immunostimulatory activity on pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) head kidney cells 从鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio L.）中分离出的对梭子鱼（Sander lucioperca L.）头部肾脏细胞具有强免疫刺激活性的两种潜在益生菌株的特征描述

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102384

Joanna Małaczewska , Barbara Kazuń , Joanna Żylińska-Urban , Krzysztof Kazuń , Maciej Rożyński , Zdzisław Zakęś

Aquaculture is inextricably linked to fish health problems, and the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) makes it possible to reduce losses caused mainly by bacterial pathogens. The aim of the present study was to isolate, characterize and select potential probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria from the gut of common carp. We focused on obtaining strains that grow well under aerobic conditions to facilitate their future application through feed. After excluding strains with unwanted characteristics in vitro, two isolates of Levilactobacillus brevis were selected for this study. Despite belonging to the same species, the strains were biochemically different. However, both isolates met the in vitro selection criteria for potential probiotics. The tested L. brevis strains showed antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria isolated from carp and rainbow trout (Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Acinetobacter junii) and demonstrated co-aggregation ability with pathogens. Both strains tolerated stress well under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions (i.e., showed acid and bile tolerance) and exhibited auto-aggregation capacity. The tested isolates were nonhemolytic, gelatinase negative and susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested. The cell-free supernatants of both L. brevis isolates exhibited strong immunostimulatory effects on pikeperch head kidney immune cells and immunomodulatory effects on carp immune cells. The results of in vitro tests encourage further research into the probiotic potential of these strains under in vivo conditions.

水产养殖与鱼类健康问题密不可分，使用益生乳酸菌（LAB）可以减少主要由细菌病原体造成的损失。本研究的目的是从鲤鱼肠道中分离、鉴定和筛选潜在的乳酸菌益生菌株。我们的重点是获得在有氧条件下生长良好的菌株，以便将来通过饲料进行应用。在排除了体外实验中具有不良特性的菌株后，本研究选择了两个分离的左旋乳杆菌（Levilactobacillus brevis）。尽管属于同一物种，但这两种菌株的生化特性不同。不过，这两种分离物都符合潜在益生菌的体外筛选标准。测试的 L. brevis 菌株对从鲤鱼和虹鳟鱼中分离出来的病原菌（嗜水气单胞菌、沙门氏菌、荧光假单胞菌和杜氏不动杆菌）具有拮抗活性，并表现出与病原菌共聚的能力。在模拟胃肠道条件下，这两种菌株都能很好地耐受压力（即耐酸和耐胆汁），并表现出自动聚集能力。受试分离物不溶血，明胶酶阴性，对大多数抗生素敏感。两种 L. brevis 分离物的无细胞上清液对梭子鱼头肾免疫细胞有很强的免疫刺激作用，对鲤鱼免疫细胞有免疫调节作用。体外试验的结果鼓励人们进一步研究这些菌株在体内条件下的益生潜力。

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引用次数: 0

NQO1 from Litopenaeus vannamei involved in the regulation of antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and apoptosis 万年青中的 NQO1 参与调节抗氧化能力、炎症和细胞凋亡

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102380

Shiping Yang, Yunhao Yuan, Cheng Chen, Junliang Luo, Guojian Li, Jichang Jian, Shuanghu Cai, Huiling Liu

NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is a versatile FAD-dependent flavoprotein and a key regulator in the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. In this study, we cloned the NQO1 gene of Litopenaeus vannamei (LvNQO1) and investigated its role in immune regulation. The results showed that the LvNQO1 gene has an ORF of 987 bp, encoding 328 amino acids. The protein contains an NQO family domain. Homology and phylogenetic analysis revealed that LvNQO1 shares similarities with the NQO1 of Marsupenaeus japonicus, clustering into the same clade. LvNQO1 was expressed in 10 tissues of L. vannamei, with the highest expression in the hepatopancreas and the lowest in the intestine. After RNA interference (RNAi) of LvNQO1, the expression of antioxidant genes (SOD and GST) initially increased but then decreased after 24 h. The expression levels of Gpx and CAT decreased early on but gradually recovered. Immune-related factors (Toll4, JNK, and Hsp90) and apoptosis-related factors (Caspase3, P53, and bcl2) were upregulated. Following RNAi of LvNQO1, Vibrio harveyi challenge significantly increased the expression of immune factors (JNK and HIF1α) and apoptosis factors (Caspase3, P53, and bcl2) in the hepatopancreas. Toll 4 receptors recognized the infection, upregulated their expression, and activated an immune response. RNAi of LvNQO1 led to noticeable histological lesions and apoptosis. These findings suggest that LvNQO1 may play a role in regulating antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and apoptosis in response to Vibrio infection.

NAD(P)H:醌氧化还原酶1（NQO1）是一种依赖于FAD的多功能黄蛋白，也是Nrf2/ARE信号通路的关键调节因子。本研究克隆了凡纳滨对虾的 NQO1 基因（LvNQO1），并研究了其在免疫调节中的作用。结果表明，LvNQO1 基因的 ORF 为 987 bp，编码 328 个氨基酸。该蛋白含有一个 NQO 家族结构域。同源性和系统进化分析表明，LvNQO1与日本马苏藻的NQO1具有相似性，属于同一支系。LvNQO1 在凡纳滨鲤的 10 个组织中均有表达，其中肝胰腺的表达量最高，肠道的表达量最低。对 LvNQO1 进行 RNA 干扰（RNAi）后，抗氧化基因（SOD 和 GST）的表达量最初有所增加，但 24 小时后又有所下降。Gpx和CAT的表达水平在早期有所下降，但随后逐渐恢复。免疫相关因子（Toll4、JNK 和 Hsp90）和凋亡相关因子（Caspase3、P53 和 bcl2）上调。在对 LvNQO1 进行 RNAi 后，哈维弧菌挑战显著增加了肝胰腺中免疫因子（JNK 和 HIF1α）和凋亡因子（Caspase3、P53 和 bcl2）的表达。Toll 4受体识别感染，上调其表达，并激活免疫反应。LvNQO1 的 RNAi 导致了明显的组织学病变和细胞凋亡。这些研究结果表明，LvNQO1 可能在弧菌感染时起到调节抗氧化能力、炎症和细胞凋亡的作用。

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引用次数: 0

A study on the hepatic response to heat stress in Gymnocypris eckloni through an approach combining metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling 通过代谢组学和转录组学相结合的方法研究Gymnocypris eckloni对热应激的肝脏反应

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102392

Chaowei Zhou , Yuting Duan , Junting Li , Suxing Fu , Shuhao Bai , Yutong Zhuang , Shidong Liu , Hejiao Li , Yinhua Zhou , Qiming Wang , Jian Shen , Rongzhu Zhou , Luo Lei , Haiping Liu

Gymnocypris eckloni, an economically important cold-water fish widely cultivated in southwest China, is at increased risk of prolonged exposure to heat stress owing to persistent high temperatures in summer, extreme climate changes, and expansion of factory farming. In this study, G. eckloni was subjected to both chronic and acute heat stress, with subsequent analysis focusing on changes in the pathological and physiological characteristics and transcriptomic and metabolic responses of the liver to high temperature. The results revealed heat stress-induced damage to liver tissues, lipid accumulation and mitochondrial abnormalities in hepatocytes, and an increased number of apoptotic cells, with the damage being more severe under acute heat stress conditions. Assessment of biochemical indices showed that the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) was activated in response to oxidative stress and energy demands increased following heat stress. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant enrichment in the protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway, along with upregulation of key genes associated with protein degradation (hsp40, hsp70, hsp90, ero1l, and pdia4) and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which effectively reduces or clears the accumulation of misfolded proteins to combat stress. Most identified differential metabolites were associated with amino acid and lipid metabolism under heat stress. Notably, integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis suggested that tryptophan metabolism played an important role in the adaptation of G. eckloni to chronic heat stress. These findings improve the understanding of the mechanisms through which G. eckloni adapts to high temperatures, providing a valuable foundation and novel avenues for developing strategies to alleviate the effects of heat stress and improve the outcomes of aquaculture.

鲤科鱼类（Gymnocypris eckloni）是中国西南地区广泛养殖的一种重要经济冷水性鱼类，由于夏季持续高温、极端气候变化和工厂化养殖的扩大，鲤科鱼类长期暴露于热应激的风险增加。本研究对 G. eckloni 进行了慢性和急性热胁迫，随后重点分析了肝脏对高温的病理生理特征、转录组和代谢反应的变化。结果表明，热应激导致肝脏组织损伤、肝细胞脂质积累和线粒体异常，以及细胞凋亡数量增加，在急性热应激条件下损伤更为严重。生化指标评估显示，氧化应激激活了抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶（CAT），热应激后能量需求增加。转录组分析表明，内质网途径中的蛋白质加工过程明显丰富，与蛋白质降解相关的关键基因（hsp40、hsp70、hsp90、ero1l 和 pdia4）上调，未折叠蛋白质反应（UPR）激活，UPR 能有效减少或清除错误折叠蛋白质的积累，从而对抗应激。大多数鉴定出的差异代谢物与热胁迫下的氨基酸和脂质代谢有关。值得注意的是，转录组和代谢组的综合分析表明，色氨酸代谢在 G. eckloni 对慢性热胁迫的适应过程中发挥了重要作用。这些发现加深了人们对 G. eckloni 适应高温机制的理解，为制定减轻热胁迫影响和改善水产养殖效果的策略提供了宝贵的基础和新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Granzyme K provides protection for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from acute bacterial infection. Granzyme K 能保护尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）免受急性细菌感染。

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102382

Xing Li , Zhiqiang Zhang , Baijian Jiang , Meiling Huang , Jiamin Feng , Yongxiong Huang , Kwaku Amoah , Berchie Asiedu , Yu Huang , Jichang Jian

Granzyme K (GzmK) is a trypsin-like serine protease that functions as a pro-apoptotic protease, has non-cytotoxic functions, and is involved in various physiopathological processes. However, the impact of GzmK on the immunological response of Nile tilapia against bacterial challenge is still poorly explored. In this study, we identified the GzmK gene from Nile tilapia (On-GzmK) and investigated its immunologic roles through in vivo experiments. On-GzmK has an open reading frame of 786 bp and encodes 255 amino acids. On-GzmK has over 60 % genetic similarity with other fish and over 30 % similarity with mammals. Its transcript levels were highest in the liver and vastly increased after being challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila. In vivo experiments implied that On-GzmK might promote inflammatory responses and regulate apoptosis and pyroptosis by participating in the activation of multiple signaling pathways, such as JAK-STAT, MAPK, and NF-κB. The present observations offer additional theoretical support for investigating the processes by which GzmK shields fish against bacterial infections.

Granzyme K（GzmK）是一种类似胰蛋白酶的丝氨酸蛋白酶，具有促凋亡蛋白酶的功能、非细胞毒性功能，并参与各种生理病理过程。然而，GzmK 对尼罗罗非鱼应对细菌挑战的免疫反应的影响仍未得到充分探讨。本研究鉴定了尼罗罗非鱼的 GzmK 基因（On-GzmK），并通过体内实验研究了其免疫学作用。On-GzmK 的开放阅读框为 786 bp，编码 255 个氨基酸。On-GzmK与其他鱼类的基因相似度超过60%，与哺乳动物的相似度超过30%。其转录本水平在肝脏中最高，在受到无乳链球菌和嗜水气单胞菌的挑战后会大幅增加。体内实验表明，On-GzmK可能通过参与激活多种信号通路（如JAK-STAT、MAPK和NF-κB）来促进炎症反应并调节细胞凋亡和热凋亡。本观察结果为研究 GzmK 保护鱼类免受细菌感染的过程提供了更多理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Selection of antibacterial aptamers against Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and analysis on their potential binding proteins 针对胸膜假单胞菌的抗菌肽的筛选及其潜在结合蛋白的分析

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102381

Yunting Fan , Xiaojun Lin , Ying Tan , Mao Lin , Ming Fang , Lixing Huang , Qingpi Yan , Deji Gao , Jiaen Wang , Qibiao Weng , Jun Bo , Jiang Zheng

Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is one of the main pathogens causing visceral white spot disease of the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Although antibiotics are used to control P. plecoglossicida infections, the long-term and large-scale use of antibiotics can lead to the development of drug-resistant bacteria as well as environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel antibacterial agents to treat P. plecoglossicida infections. In this study, we first developed a two-step-centrifugation method to isolate live and dead P. plecoglossicida cells. Subsequently, we used the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) screening based on inhibition rate to directly isolate antibacterial aptamers from the random library without post-processing. We isolated five antibacterial aptamers, namely B1, B2, B4, B8, and B109, which showed good inhibitory effects against P. plecoglossicida. Among these, B4 showed the highest inhibitory effect (62.40 ± 4.17 %). Further analysis revealed no positive correlation between the inhibitory effect of aptamers and their affinities with the target bacterium. The B4- and B109-binding proteins were isolated from P. plecoglossicida by magnetic separation and sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the 26 kDa ribosomal protein L2 was the probable B4-binding protein, while the 26 kDa ribosomal protein S3 and 75 kDa ribosomal protein S1 or succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit were the probable B109-binding proteins. Structural and subcellular localization analyses of these potential B4- and B109-binding proteins were also conducted. Our findings suggest that the inhibitory activity of the antibacterial aptamers against P. plecoglossicida may be mediated via their interaction with the ribosomal proteins, which can interfere with the protein synthesis process in the bacterium, affecting its growth. These findings provide the scientific basis for the development of functional antibacterial aptamers and the elucidation of their mechanisms of action.

胸膜假单胞菌（Pseudomonas plecoglossicida）是导致大黄鱼（Pseudosciaena crocea）内脏白斑病的主要病原体之一。虽然抗生素可用于控制胸膜假单胞菌感染，但长期和大规模使用抗生素会导致耐药菌的产生以及环境污染。因此，有必要开发新型抗菌剂来治疗胸膜褶菌感染。在本研究中，我们首先开发了一种两步离心法来分离胸膜褶菌的活细胞和死细胞。随后，我们利用基于抑菌率的配体系统进化指数富集（SELEX）筛选法，直接从随机文库中分离出抗菌配体，而无需进行后处理。我们分离出了五种抗菌配体，即 B1、B2、B4、B8 和 B109，它们对胸膜褶菌有良好的抑制作用。其中，B4 的抑制效果最高（62.40 ± 4.17 %）。进一步的分析表明，适配体的抑制效果与其与目标细菌的亲和力之间没有正相关。通过磁性分离和十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE），从胸膜褶菌中分离出了 B4 和 B109 结合蛋白。质谱分析表明，26 kDa 核糖体蛋白 L2 可能是 B4 结合蛋白，而 26 kDa 核糖体蛋白 S3 和 75 kDa 核糖体蛋白 S1 或琥珀酸脱氢酶黄蛋白亚基可能是 B109 结合蛋白。我们还对这些潜在的 B4 和 B109 结合蛋白进行了结构和亚细胞定位分析。我们的研究结果表明，抗菌肽对褶状舌杆菌的抑制活性可能是通过它们与核糖体蛋白的相互作用介导的，而核糖体蛋白会干扰该细菌的蛋白质合成过程，从而影响其生长。这些发现为开发功能性抗菌合剂和阐明其作用机制提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0