L'Espace geographique最新文献

Urban growth patterns in Cairo, Egypt, are analyzed over the period 1950-1990. "In the last 40 years, Cairo's population growth has been accompanied by a major shift in socio-demographic distribution. By using social area analysis models to measure the spatial structuring of social disparities, we can see how Cairo society has moved from sectoral segmentation reflecting a socio-professional hierarchy to a concentric pattern based increasingly on age differences and family structures."

"It is necessary to give a brief account of the major characteristics of recent urban dynamics in Bucharest (a) because of the impact of images on urban changes and (b) because urbanisation in Romania took place at a late stage and at a very moderate pace (50% in 1985). The urbanisation policy tended towards uniformity, which has resulted in medium-sized cities being over-represented in the urban network.... The first urban changes to emerge as a result of the post-socialist transition are a consequence of the effects of the size of cities on the one hand, and of the revival of historical provinces on the other." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUM)

"The ageing of rural population in Romania is becoming increasingly serious as regions which are endangered by this phenomenon have to face the additional problem of the reprivatisation of agricultural land. This has been analysed at departmental level based on the 1930, 1966, 1977 and 1992 censuses respectively.... The modes of evolution of this ageing phenomenon have been classified into different types. Two factors, demographic change and rural exodus, account for this development whose geographical configuration has changed over half a century." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUM)

"The paper proposes an evaluation of relative locations in Europe circa 1990, based on a new, probabilistic, formulation of the concept of population potential. The location of centres and peripheries, as highlighted by potential, varies according to the geographical importance of exchanges and the permeability of national boundaries. An extremely stable overall pattern emerges from two analyses, the one retrospective--using data for 1960--and the other prospective--based on the distribution of young people today--: regions with a high potential are located in concentric circles around the axis formed by the Rhine, not in the peripheral regions of Europe where population growth is higher." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Trends in internal migration in France are analyzed over the course of an individual's lifetime using data from a 1981 INED survey entitled Triple Biographie. "The behaviour of individuals in terms of distance and degree of mobility is influenced by the distinctive characteristics of territory and consequently related to their regional origins. Another important factor is the process of urbanisation under way and the evolution of the urban network over the past fifty years." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

"Land planning in Zaire is examined through the analysis of population distribution by density and potential. The difference between these two techniques is that the calculation of population potential takes into account a genuinely geographical element, which is the distance between one given place and the other places within the area under consideration.... Taking potential as a criterion leads to developing an axis of communication from one end of the country to the other through densely populated, high-potential areas. Population density leads to a limited axis in each of the two regions with a high density of human occupation. In conclusion, the contribution of distance in land planning is to facilitate access for larger numbers of people and increase potential exchanges and contacts with other territories." (SUMMARY IN ENG)