Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1186/s12880-026-02165-x
Emre Aydin, Ozgur Palanci
{"title":"Cortical thickness and volume alterations in patients with high myopia: a magnetic resonance imaging study.","authors":"Emre Aydin, Ozgur Palanci","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02165-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-026-02165-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1186/s12880-026-02167-9
Zhangyan Bi, Zhaoyu Xing, Longfei Huang, Xintian Yu, Jiule Ding, Jie Chen, Wei Xing, Liang Pan
Background and purpose: A noninvasive and accurate indicator for evaluating direct renal effects after remote ischemia preconditioning (RIPC) is currently lacking. To explore the feasibility of R2' mapping in evaluating the direct effect of RIPC on rabbit kidneys and to investigate the mechanisms underlying renal changes induced by RIPC.
Methods: Eighteen healthy New Zealand rabbits were used (RIPC group, N = 12; control group, N = 6). RIPC was achieved with three cycles of bilateral hindlimb ischemia (10 min/cycle, 60 min total). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 1 and 24 hours after RIPC. The R2' values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla were then recorded. Femoral arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis and measurements of electrolytes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the average optical density (AOD) of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α). One-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences among the groups. Correlations were evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
Results: The R2' values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla in the RIPC groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (RIPC 1 h group: each P < .001; RIPC 24 h group: P = .002, P = .002, P < .001, respectively). MPO levels in the RIPC 1 h and 24 h groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P = .02, P = .004, respectively). SOD levels in the RIPC 1 h group were significantly higher than in the control group (P = .001). HIF1α AOD in the RIPC 1 h and 24 h groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P < .001). The R2' values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla positively correlated with myeloperoxidase level (rs=0.78, P < .001; rs=0.78, P < .001; rs=0.78, P < .001), and negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase level (rs=-0.81, P < .001; rs=-0.74, P < .001; rs=-0.69, P = .002), and HIF1α AOD (rs=-0.74, P < .001; rs=-0.55, P = .02; rs=-0.71, P < .001).
Conclusion: R2' mapping can quantitatively assess kidney effects after remote ischemia preconditioning, and remote ischemia preconditioning can effectively enhance renal antioxidant capacity and oxygen uptake.
背景与目的:目前尚缺乏一种无创、准确的评价远端缺血预处理(RIPC)后直接肾效应的指标。探讨R2作图评价RIPC对家兔肾脏直接影响的可行性,探讨RIPC引起肾脏改变的机制。方法:健康新西兰兔18只(RIPC组12只,对照组6只)。双侧后肢缺血3个周期(10 min/周期,共60 min)达到RIPC。RIPC后1小时和24小时进行磁共振成像。记录肾皮质、外髓质、内髓质的R2值。采集股动脉血液进行血气分析和电解质测定。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测脊髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平。免疫组化染色检测缺氧诱导因子1α (HIF1α)的平均光密度(AOD)。采用单向方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis检验来评估组间差异。使用Spearman秩相关系数评估相关性。结果:RIPC组肾皮质、外髓质、内髓质R2′值均显著低于对照组(RIPC 1 h组),肾皮质、外髓质、内髓质各R2′值与髓过氧化物酶水平呈正相关(rs=0.78, P s=0.78, P s=0.78, P s=-0.81, P s=-0.74, P s=-0.69, P =。r =-0.74, P =-0.55, P = 0.02; rs=-0.71, P结论:R2绘制可定量评价远程缺血预处理对肾脏的影响,远程缺血预处理可有效增强肾脏抗氧化能力和摄氧量。
{"title":"Evaluation of the direct effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on the rabbit's kidney by R<sub>2</sub>' mapping technique: an experimental study.","authors":"Zhangyan Bi, Zhaoyu Xing, Longfei Huang, Xintian Yu, Jiule Ding, Jie Chen, Wei Xing, Liang Pan","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02167-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02167-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>A noninvasive and accurate indicator for evaluating direct renal effects after remote ischemia preconditioning (RIPC) is currently lacking. To explore the feasibility of R<sub>2</sub>' mapping in evaluating the direct effect of RIPC on rabbit kidneys and to investigate the mechanisms underlying renal changes induced by RIPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen healthy New Zealand rabbits were used (RIPC group, N = 12; control group, N = 6). RIPC was achieved with three cycles of bilateral hindlimb ischemia (10 min/cycle, 60 min total). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 1 and 24 hours after RIPC. The R<sub>2</sub>' values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla were then recorded. Femoral arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis and measurements of electrolytes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the average optical density (AOD) of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α). One-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences among the groups. Correlations were evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The R<sub>2</sub>' values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla in the RIPC groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (RIPC 1 h group: each P < .001; RIPC 24 h group: P = .002, P = .002, P < .001, respectively). MPO levels in the RIPC 1 h and 24 h groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P = .02, P = .004, respectively). SOD levels in the RIPC 1 h group were significantly higher than in the control group (P = .001). HIF1α AOD in the RIPC 1 h and 24 h groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P < .001). The R<sub>2</sub>' values of the renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla positively correlated with myeloperoxidase level (r<sub>s</sub>=0.78, P < .001; r<sub>s</sub>=0.78, P < .001; r<sub>s</sub>=0.78, P < .001), and negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase level (r<sub>s</sub>=-0.81, P < .001; r<sub>s</sub>=-0.74, P < .001; r<sub>s</sub>=-0.69, P = .002), and HIF1α AOD (r<sub>s</sub>=-0.74, P < .001; r<sub>s</sub>=-0.55, P = .02; r<sub>s</sub>=-0.71, P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>R<sub>2</sub>' mapping can quantitatively assess kidney effects after remote ischemia preconditioning, and remote ischemia preconditioning can effectively enhance renal antioxidant capacity and oxygen uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146008957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1186/s12880-026-02162-0
Qiuju Hu, Huixin Zhang, Bangjun Guo, Dongsheng Jin, Meirong Sun, Jiliang Chen, Song Luo, Yane Zhao, Guang-Ming Lu
Background: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) calculating from PureCalcium virtual non-iodine algorithm on photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) and the potential impact of different section thickness, level of virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs), and quantum iterative reconstruction (QIR) on the accuracy of CACS quantification.
Materials and methods: A total of 123 patients who underwent coronary CT angiography on PCD-CT with a separate true non-contrast CACS (CACSTNC) scan were prospectively included. Agatston scores were calculated from the PureCalcium algorithm (CACSPC) using a section thickness of 3 mm-1.5 mm, different VMI (55-75 kilo-electron volt (keV)) and QIR (strength 1,4) levels, respectively. CACSTNC at 70 keV and QIR 2 were used as reference standards. Differences in CACS of different reconstructions section thicknesses, various keV levels, and QIR strength were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis were conducted to assessed the agreement. The agreement of plaque burden groups (based on CACS) at different reconstruction parameters was evaluated using weighted Cohen kappa.
Results: At all investigated section thickness, VMI, and QIR levels, the CACSPC were strongly correlated with CACSTNC (ICC: 0.94-0.98, P < 0.001 for all). There were no statistical differences in CACS between CACSPC at 3 mm section thickness, 60/65 keV (QIR1/4), and at 1.5 mm section thickness with 55 keV (QIR1/4), compared with CACSTNC. The smallest CACS bias was observed at a 1.5 mm section thickness, 55 keV, QIR 1, with mean bias of 2.4; LoA (IQR: -182.7, 187.4). CACSPC correctly identified 105 of 123 participants (85.4%) into the corresponding plaque burden group using CACSTNC as the referent standard (excellent agreement, κ = 0.904).
Conclusion: CACS derived from the PureCalcium algorithm with optimized reconstruction parameters shows excellent correlation with true non-contrast scans derived values. Thus, it is may possible to use the PureCalcium virtual non-iodine algorithm to replace the true non-contrast scans for CACS quantification, without additional radiation dose exposure.
{"title":"Impact of slice thickness on CACS calculation with virtual non-contrast in photon-counting CT.","authors":"Qiuju Hu, Huixin Zhang, Bangjun Guo, Dongsheng Jin, Meirong Sun, Jiliang Chen, Song Luo, Yane Zhao, Guang-Ming Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02162-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02162-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the feasibility of coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) calculating from PureCalcium virtual non-iodine algorithm on photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) and the potential impact of different section thickness, level of virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs), and quantum iterative reconstruction (QIR) on the accuracy of CACS quantification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 123 patients who underwent coronary CT angiography on PCD-CT with a separate true non-contrast CACS (CACS<sub>TNC</sub>) scan were prospectively included. Agatston scores were calculated from the PureCalcium algorithm (CACS<sub>PC</sub>) using a section thickness of 3 mm-1.5 mm, different VMI (55-75 kilo-electron volt (keV)) and QIR (strength 1,4) levels, respectively. CACS<sub>TNC</sub> at 70 keV and QIR 2 were used as reference standards. Differences in CACS of different reconstructions section thicknesses, various keV levels, and QIR strength were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis were conducted to assessed the agreement. The agreement of plaque burden groups (based on CACS) at different reconstruction parameters was evaluated using weighted Cohen kappa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At all investigated section thickness, VMI, and QIR levels, the CACS<sub>PC</sub> were strongly correlated with CACS<sub>TNC</sub> (ICC: 0.94-0.98, P < 0.001 for all). There were no statistical differences in CACS between CACS<sub>PC</sub> at 3 mm section thickness, 60/65 keV (QIR1/4), and at 1.5 mm section thickness with 55 keV (QIR1/4), compared with CACS<sub>TNC</sub>. The smallest CACS bias was observed at a 1.5 mm section thickness, 55 keV, QIR 1, with mean bias of 2.4; LoA (IQR: -182.7, 187.4). CACS<sub>PC</sub> correctly identified 105 of 123 participants (85.4%) into the corresponding plaque burden group using CACS<sub>TNC</sub> as the referent standard (excellent agreement, κ = 0.904).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CACS derived from the PureCalcium algorithm with optimized reconstruction parameters shows excellent correlation with true non-contrast scans derived values. Thus, it is may possible to use the PureCalcium virtual non-iodine algorithm to replace the true non-contrast scans for CACS quantification, without additional radiation dose exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12903409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146008954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To evaluate the microstructure changes in thigh skeletal muscles of volunteers with knee pain and to explore their relationship with the proton density fat fraction (PDFF), utilizing neurite oriented diffusion and density imaging (NODDI).
Materials and methods: In this prospective study, we collected NODDI and mDIXON-quant images from the bilateral thigh skeletal muscles of 66 asymptomatic and 24 knee pain volunteers. To optimally match the raw data based on these variables and create asymptomatic group (HC, n = 24) and knee pain group (KP, n = 24), the MatchIt package was utilized.
Statistical tests: For the comparison of normally distributed data between the HC and KP groups, t-tests were utilized, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied for non-normally distributed data. Pearson coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between microstructure parameters of thigh skeletal muscle and PDFF.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in MD value of the left hamstrings between the HC and KP groups (p = 0.030), as well as in the FA value of the right quadriceps femoris (p = 0.026). Among volunteers experiencing knee pain, the V-intra value of the right hamstrings and the FA value of the right quadriceps femoris demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with PDFF (r = 0.661, p < 0.001; r = 0.724, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Microstructure differences in thigh skeletal myofibrils were detected in volunteers with knee pain compared to asymptomatic volunteers, and were more closely related to intramuscular fat infiltration.
目的:利用神经突定向扩散和密度成像(NODDI)技术评价膝关节疼痛患者大腿骨骼肌的微结构变化,探讨其与质子密度脂肪分数(PDFF)的关系。材料和方法:在这项前瞻性研究中,我们收集了66名无症状和24名膝关节疼痛志愿者的双侧大腿骨骼肌的NODDI和mdixon -定量图像。为了根据这些变量对原始数据进行最佳匹配,并创建无症状组(HC, n = 24)和膝关节疼痛组(KP, n = 24),使用MatchIt包。统计检验:HC组与KP组正态分布资料比较采用t检验,非正态分布资料比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验。采用Pearson系数分析大腿骨骼肌微结构参数与PDFF的相关性。结果:HC组与KP组左腘绳肌MD值、右股四头肌FA值比较,差异均有统计学意义(p = 0.030)。在有膝关节疼痛的志愿者中,右腿筋的V-intra值和右股四头肌的FA值与PDFF呈中度正相关(r = 0.661, p < 0.001; r = 0.724, p < 0.001)。结论:有膝关节疼痛的志愿者与无症状的志愿者相比,大腿骨骼肌原纤维的微结构存在差异,且与肌内脂肪浸润的关系更为密切。
{"title":"Feasibility of neurite oriented diffusion and density imaging in thigh skeletal muscle of volunteers with knee pain: relationship with proton density fat fraction: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yiou Wang, Ziru Qiu, Juan Liu, Yanjun Chen, Xinru Zhang, Ruoxing Liao, Dong Han, Xinyuan Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12880-025-02127-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-025-02127-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the microstructure changes in thigh skeletal muscles of volunteers with knee pain and to explore their relationship with the proton density fat fraction (PDFF), utilizing neurite oriented diffusion and density imaging (NODDI).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective study, we collected NODDI and mDIXON-quant images from the bilateral thigh skeletal muscles of 66 asymptomatic and 24 knee pain volunteers. To optimally match the raw data based on these variables and create asymptomatic group (HC, n = 24) and knee pain group (KP, n = 24), the MatchIt package was utilized.</p><p><strong>Statistical tests: </strong>For the comparison of normally distributed data between the HC and KP groups, t-tests were utilized, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was applied for non-normally distributed data. Pearson coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between microstructure parameters of thigh skeletal muscle and PDFF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences were observed in MD value of the left hamstrings between the HC and KP groups (p = 0.030), as well as in the FA value of the right quadriceps femoris (p = 0.026). Among volunteers experiencing knee pain, the V-intra value of the right hamstrings and the FA value of the right quadriceps femoris demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with PDFF (r = 0.661, p < 0.001; r = 0.724, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Microstructure differences in thigh skeletal myofibrils were detected in volunteers with knee pain compared to asymptomatic volunteers, and were more closely related to intramuscular fat infiltration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12896115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1186/s12880-026-02169-7
Lianbi Zhao, Yang Qu, Liang Zhang, Dan Xue, Jing Huang, Fenghui Ma, Bin Zhang, Lantian Wang, Yunyou Duan, Ke Dong, Lijun Yuan, Changyang Xing
{"title":"COVID-19 infection during the Omicron wave changed carotid structure compared with uninfected controls: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Lianbi Zhao, Yang Qu, Liang Zhang, Dan Xue, Jing Huang, Fenghui Ma, Bin Zhang, Lantian Wang, Yunyou Duan, Ke Dong, Lijun Yuan, Changyang Xing","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02169-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02169-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1186/s12880-026-02166-w
Lei Xu, Rui Yang, Ru-Shuai Li, Ren-Cong Liu, Qing-le Meng, Feng Wang
{"title":"Investigate the quantification accuracy of small lesions in oncological <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT using a deep progressive learning reconstruction method.","authors":"Lei Xu, Rui Yang, Ru-Shuai Li, Ren-Cong Liu, Qing-le Meng, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12880-026-02166-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12880-026-02166-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9020,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}