ABSTRACT: Annotation. In the research conducted, endogenous and exogenous metabolites of fungi were studied according to their toxic activity in different areas of Azerbaijan. It became clear that among the 46 species of fungi isolated from different areas, there are species with strong, medium and weak toxic activity, as well as species without toxic activity. 26,7% have strong, 56.6% have medium, and 10% have weak phytotoxic activity, but 6.7% do not have such an phytotoxic activity. None of the fungi belonging to the division Basidiomycota have either strong or moderate phytotoxic activity, only 50% of the remaining fungi have weak phytotoxic activity. All the fungi belonging to the Mucormycota division have a weak phytotoxic activity. Differences in the phytotoxic activity of fungi belonging to different taxonomic groups are related to the nature of their struggle in the environment they live in. So that, because the struggle for food of xylotrophic macromycetes takes place under conditions of weaker competition, their phytotoxic activity is characterized by relatively low indicators.
{"title":"Toxic Effect Metabolites of Micromycetes Spread In Azerbaijan","authors":"S. Muradova, Sabiya M. Jabrailzade","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3127","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Annotation. In the research conducted, endogenous and exogenous metabolites of fungi were studied according to their toxic activity in different areas of Azerbaijan. It became clear that among the 46 species of fungi isolated from different areas, there are species with strong, medium and weak toxic activity, as well as species without toxic activity. 26,7% have strong, 56.6% have medium, and 10% have weak phytotoxic activity, but 6.7% do not have such an phytotoxic activity. None of the fungi belonging to the division Basidiomycota have either strong or moderate phytotoxic activity, only 50% of the remaining fungi have weak phytotoxic activity. All the fungi belonging to the Mucormycota division have a weak phytotoxic activity. Differences in the phytotoxic activity of fungi belonging to different taxonomic groups are related to the nature of their struggle in the environment they live in. So that, because the struggle for food of xylotrophic macromycetes takes place under conditions of weaker competition, their phytotoxic activity is characterized by relatively low indicators.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73869145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Vegetable and fruit waste are produced in huge quantities in the market. These wastes are also nutritionally very rich and, can be a viable option to be used as a substrate for the generation of value-added products. However, there is a need to characterize these wastes before using them as raw materials for the production of any value-added product. In this regard, the present study was taken up to determine the proximate analysis of vegetable and fruit waste. Proximate analysis is a way to determine the distribution of moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon when the samples are heated under specified conditions. The discarded vegetable and fruit waste was collected from Kadi municipal vegetable market. The proximate analysis was carried out for 23 waste samples viz, 20 samples were a wet waste of individual fruits and vegetables and 3 samples were of consolidated sundried vegetable and fruit waste. Presented Proximate analysis of vegetable and fruit waste includes the determination of moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon via standard test methods. The result revealed that for wet waste moisture content was in the range from 6.56 % to 77.57 %. Percentage of volatile matter was in the range from 8.06% to 86.46 %. Percentage Ash content was in the range from 1.32 % to 20.18 %.Percentage Fixed carbon was in the range from 1.76 % to 28.63 %. The moisture content in sundried consolidated waste was in the range from 5.83 % to 8.86 %. The percentage of the volatile matter was in the range from 62.06 % to 72.33 %. Percentage Ash content was in the range from 11.16 % to 12.83 %. Percentage Fixed carbon was in the range from 8.79 % to 16.27 %.
{"title":"Proximate Analysis of Vegetable and Fruit Waste Collected from the Kadi Vegetable Market, Gujarat","authors":"Pooja J. Gupta, Minal J. Trivedi, H. Soni","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3121","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Vegetable and fruit waste are produced in huge quantities in the market. These wastes are also nutritionally very rich and, can be a viable option to be used as a substrate for the generation of value-added products. However, there is a need to characterize these wastes before using them as raw materials for the production of any value-added product. In this regard, the present study was taken up to determine the proximate analysis of vegetable and fruit waste. Proximate analysis is a way to determine the distribution of moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon when the samples are heated under specified conditions. The discarded vegetable and fruit waste was collected from Kadi municipal vegetable market. The proximate analysis was carried out for 23 waste samples viz, 20 samples were a wet waste of individual fruits and vegetables and 3 samples were of consolidated sundried vegetable and fruit waste. Presented Proximate analysis of vegetable and fruit waste includes the determination of moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon via standard test methods. The result revealed that for wet waste moisture content was in the range from 6.56 % to 77.57 %. Percentage of volatile matter was in the range from 8.06% to 86.46 %. Percentage Ash content was in the range from 1.32 % to 20.18 %.Percentage Fixed carbon was in the range from 1.76 % to 28.63 %. The moisture content in sundried consolidated waste was in the range from 5.83 % to 8.86 %. The percentage of the volatile matter was in the range from 62.06 % to 72.33 %. Percentage Ash content was in the range from 11.16 % to 12.83 %. Percentage Fixed carbon was in the range from 8.79 % to 16.27 %.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87432497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheumatoid arthritis is the 3rd autoimmune disease with a degenerative, chronic inflammatory characteristics. Diagnosis criteria suggested by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism based on serological blood tests and acute phase reactant measurements analyses are the key steps in the diagnosis of disease. Genetic, environmental, or hormonal factors may have contributed to the development of this illness. Characterization of Rheumatoid arthritis-related proteins can be beneficial for early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspects. During the current study the serum samples of rheumatoid arthritis subjects were analyzed using serum electrophoresis and Orbitrap Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry along with biochemical confirmatory tests. The patterns of total protein and gamma globulin ratios, interrelationships of the different test criteria for diagnosis indicated unique pattern. The orbitrap Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analyses indicated the presence of 20 unique proteins exclusively in the subjects with Rheumatoid arthritis. Testicular protein Li 227, uncharacterized protein Q6DHW4 and protein S 100-A7 can aid in the early confirmation of the disease. Further analyses of these specific proteins may help in the prognosis, diagnosis, and therapeutic aspect of the disease.
{"title":"Serum Protein Profiles of Rheumatoid Arthritis Samples –A Case Study","authors":"Rupal H Desai, Priyanka Dangar, J. R. Chunduri","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3103","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid arthritis is the 3rd autoimmune disease with a degenerative, chronic inflammatory characteristics. Diagnosis criteria suggested by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism based on serological blood tests and acute phase reactant measurements analyses are the key steps in the diagnosis of disease. Genetic, environmental, or hormonal factors may have contributed to the development of this illness. Characterization of Rheumatoid arthritis-related proteins can be beneficial for early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspects. During the current study the serum samples of rheumatoid arthritis subjects were analyzed using serum electrophoresis and Orbitrap Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry along with biochemical confirmatory tests. The patterns of total protein and gamma globulin ratios, interrelationships of the different test criteria for diagnosis indicated unique pattern. The orbitrap Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analyses indicated the presence of 20 unique proteins exclusively in the subjects with Rheumatoid arthritis. Testicular protein Li 227, uncharacterized protein Q6DHW4 and protein S 100-A7 can aid in the early confirmation of the disease. Further analyses of these specific proteins may help in the prognosis, diagnosis, and therapeutic aspect of the disease.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81100676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manali Harshal Barve, Priti Kiran Shardul, Satish Sundarrao Munne, Atul R. Bendale, V. Naphade, V. Pathan, Laxmikant B. Borse
Respiratory infections pose a severe danger to public health's morbidity and death on a global scale. Delivery via the lungs can be accomplished using several drug delivery tools, including nebulizers, MDI’s and dry powder inhalers. Metered dosage inhalers are the most intriguing and the clinician's first preference out of all of them. This review emphasized based on metered dose inhalers for the delivery of pulmonary drugs. This study focuses on the provision of various therapies employing lipid nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles dendrimers & micelles, among others, using metered dose inhalers, liposomes, solid lipid nanostructures, nanostructured lipid carriers, and other topics were thoroughly explored. The market scenario for different MDI’s as well as information on digital metered dose inhalers is also covered in this review.
{"title":"Metered Dose Inhalers (MDI’S) for High-Performance Pulmonary Drug Delivery in Assistance to Nanotechnology","authors":"Manali Harshal Barve, Priti Kiran Shardul, Satish Sundarrao Munne, Atul R. Bendale, V. Naphade, V. Pathan, Laxmikant B. Borse","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3100","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory infections pose a severe danger to public health's morbidity and death on a global scale. Delivery via the lungs can be accomplished using several drug delivery tools, including nebulizers, MDI’s and dry powder inhalers. Metered dosage inhalers are the most intriguing and the clinician's first preference out of all of them. This review emphasized based on metered dose inhalers for the delivery of pulmonary drugs. This study focuses on the provision of various therapies employing lipid nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles dendrimers & micelles, among others, using metered dose inhalers, liposomes, solid lipid nanostructures, nanostructured lipid carriers, and other topics were thoroughly explored. The market scenario for different MDI’s as well as information on digital metered dose inhalers is also covered in this review.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76541061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sajid Ali, D. I. Khan, Swaleha Akhtar, Musab Siddiqui
ABSTRACT: Background: Vitamin D supplements are necessary for breastfed newborns, although little is known regarding the effectiveness of AAP’s recommended dose of 400 IU per day of it. This randomized controlled trial evaluates the efficacy of above-mentioned dose. Method: Exclusively breastfed newborns (N=28) were block randomized in two groups, vitamin D supplemented (VitD-S) and without supplement (VitD-U), 400IU/day of vitamin D is provided to Vit D-S. Serum vitamin D was assessed at the enrolment and at 3 months. Results: Vitamin D level compared between two groups, in Vit D-S at birth it was 20.4±8.7ng/ml and at 3 months it rises to 24.8±6.1ng/ml while in Vit D-U fall in level is seen from 21.4±7.8ng/ml to 14.0±5.1ng/ml which is statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D is deficiency is quite common among mothers and babies in this location, and supplementing with 400 IU of vitamin D per day increased 25(OH)D levels in the plasma.
{"title":"To Check the Efficacy of American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) Recommended Dose of Vitamin D in Healthy Breastfed Newborns","authors":"Sajid Ali, D. I. Khan, Swaleha Akhtar, Musab Siddiqui","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3116","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Background: Vitamin D supplements are necessary for breastfed newborns, although little is known regarding the effectiveness of AAP’s recommended dose of 400 IU per day of it. This randomized controlled trial evaluates the efficacy of above-mentioned dose. Method: Exclusively breastfed newborns (N=28) were block randomized in two groups, vitamin D supplemented (VitD-S) and without supplement (VitD-U), 400IU/day of vitamin D is provided to Vit D-S. Serum vitamin D was assessed at the enrolment and at 3 months. Results: Vitamin D level compared between two groups, in Vit D-S at birth it was 20.4±8.7ng/ml and at 3 months it rises to 24.8±6.1ng/ml while in Vit D-U fall in level is seen from 21.4±7.8ng/ml to 14.0±5.1ng/ml which is statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D is deficiency is quite common among mothers and babies in this location, and supplementing with 400 IU of vitamin D per day increased 25(OH)D levels in the plasma.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91159129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Due to rapid industrialization and urban sprawl in the last few decades, the land use pattern and its consumption takes place at a large scale that could lead to problems such as over-exploitation of land resources, food insecurity and pollution. It becomes imperative to carry out monitoring and subsequent modelling of land use land cover (LULC) changes. An attempt was made to study the changes in the LULC pattern of district of Bathinda, Punjab, India. Remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) were used to perform the analysis of satellite data using image processing and classification procedures. For preparing LULC maps, supervised classification was carried out using maximum likelihood classification (MLC) algorithm, aided with Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine 2014 and ArcGIS 10.3 software. Further, change detection study was done using multi-temporal Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor-III (LISS-III) data sets of the year 2006 and 2018 to analyze the temporal changes. It was observed that the region is occupied by various ground features such as water, built-up area, agricultural land, vegetation/trees and fallow land. The results revealed that the area under water bodies have increased by 0.413km2 in 2018. The built-up areas including human settlements, commercial infrastructures, roads and other pavements, have increased from 584.448km2 to 852.140km2 between 2006 and 2018, whereas the agricultural land has reduced from 2686.121km2 to 2398.384km2 during the period. The area under vegetation (trees) indicated that there was an increasing trend from 28.490km2 to 54.678km2 during 12years of time span whereas, the fallow land/barren land showed a decreasing trend from 26.361km2 to 18.367km2. It is suggested that the LULC change detection studies are very significant to conserve the land resources and to avoid further degradation.
摘要:近几十年来，由于工业化的快速发展和城市的无序扩张，土地利用模式和消费呈现大规模变化，导致土地资源过度开发、粮食不安全和环境污染等问题。对土地利用和土地覆被变化进行监测和建模已成为当务之急。本文对印度旁遮普邦巴欣达地区土地利用价值变化模式进行了研究。利用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)对卫星数据进行图像处理和分类分析。为了编制LULC地图，利用最大似然分类(MLC)算法，在地球资源数据分析系统(ERDAS) Imagine 2014和ArcGIS 10.3软件的辅助下进行监督分类。此外，利用2006年和2018年的多时相线性成像自扫描传感器- iii (LISS-III)数据集进行变化检测研究，分析时间变化。据观察，该区域被各种地面特征所占据，例如水、建筑面积、农业用地、植被/树木和休耕地。结果表明，2018年水体面积增加了0.413km2。2006年至2018年，包括人类住区、商业基础设施、道路和其他路面在内的建成区面积从584.448km2增加到852.140km2，而同期农业用地从2686.121km2减少到2398.384km2。植被(乔木)覆盖面积从28.490km2增加到54.678km2，休耕/荒地面积从26.361km2减少到18.367km2。土地利用价值变化检测研究对保护土地资源和防止土地进一步退化具有重要意义。
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Change Detection Analysis of Land Use Land Cover of Bathinda District, Punjab, India","authors":"N. Ahmad","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3111","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Due to rapid industrialization and urban sprawl in the last few decades, the land use pattern and its consumption takes place at a large scale that could lead to problems such as over-exploitation of land resources, food insecurity and pollution. It becomes imperative to carry out monitoring and subsequent modelling of land use land cover (LULC) changes. An attempt was made to study the changes in the LULC pattern of district of Bathinda, Punjab, India. Remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) were used to perform the analysis of satellite data using image processing and classification procedures. For preparing LULC maps, supervised classification was carried out using maximum likelihood classification (MLC) algorithm, aided with Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine 2014 and ArcGIS 10.3 software. Further, change detection study was done using multi-temporal Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor-III (LISS-III) data sets of the year 2006 and 2018 to analyze the temporal changes. It was observed that the region is occupied by various ground features such as water, built-up area, agricultural land, vegetation/trees and fallow land. The results revealed that the area under water bodies have increased by 0.413km2 in 2018. The built-up areas including human settlements, commercial infrastructures, roads and other pavements, have increased from 584.448km2 to 852.140km2 between 2006 and 2018, whereas the agricultural land has reduced from 2686.121km2 to 2398.384km2 during the period. The area under vegetation (trees) indicated that there was an increasing trend from 28.490km2 to 54.678km2 during 12years of time span whereas, the fallow land/barren land showed a decreasing trend from 26.361km2 to 18.367km2. It is suggested that the LULC change detection studies are very significant to conserve the land resources and to avoid further degradation.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80630247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biosurfactants are microbially produced surface-active compounds. They are amphiphilic molecules with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. The demand for biosurfactants has been exponentially growing as they are nontoxic and biodegradable. They have different applications in several industrial sectors. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the native bacteria which produce biosurfactants from oil contaminated soil of different places in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India. The soil samples were collected from petrol pumps and workshops where the soil is contaminated with petrol, diesel and oil. The bacteria were isolated from contaminated soil samples and confirmed as Bacillus sp.The cultures were screened for biosurfactant production by different screening techniques such as blood hemolysis, oil spreading assay, emulsification ability assay, bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons activity. The potential biosurfactant producing culture was selected and identified using molecular techniques and submitted to NCBI Gene Bank (MN 243657 – Bacillus sp). The selected bacterial culture was used for biosurfactant production and these were characterized by UV, TLC, FTIR and GC -MS analysis. The derived biosurfactant's Rf value was 0.68 as determined by a TLC chromatogram. In a UV-visible spectroscopy study, the isolated biosurfactant displayed a highest peak at 415 nm. According to FTIR analysis, the isolated biosurfactant displayed an intense peak at 3340 cm -1. The large peaks of the biosurfactant were observed at various retention times of 12.75, 10.22, 4.98, and 3.87, respectively, after GC-MS analysis. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the biosurfactant was identified against pathogenic bacteria such as P.aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus and fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus.
生物表面活性剂是微生物产生的表面活性化合物。它们是两亲分子，具有亲水性和疏水性区域。由于生物表面活性剂无毒、可生物降解，对它们的需求呈指数级增长。它们在几个工业部门有不同的应用。本研究的目的是从印度喀拉拉邦和泰米尔纳德邦不同地区的石油污染土壤中分离和鉴定产生生物表面活性剂的原生细菌。土壤样本是从汽油泵和车间收集的，那里的土壤受到汽油、柴油和机油的污染。从污染土壤样品中分离得到该细菌，确定其为芽孢杆菌。采用不同的筛选技术，如血液溶血试验、油扩散试验、乳化能力试验、细菌对碳氢化合物的粘附活性等，对培养物进行了生物表面活性剂的筛选。利用分子技术筛选和鉴定了具有生产生物表面活性剂潜力的培养菌，并将其提交至NCBI基因库(MN 243657 - Bacillus sp)。将所选细菌用于生物表面活性剂的生产，并通过紫外、薄层色谱、红外光谱和质谱分析对其进行了表征。经薄层色谱测定，所得生物表面活性剂的Rf值为0.68。在紫外可见光谱研究中，分离的生物表面活性剂在415 nm处显示出峰值。FTIR分析表明，分离得到的生物表面活性剂在3340 cm -1处有一个强烈的峰。气相色谱-质谱分析表明，在不同的保留时间(12.75、10.22、4.98和3.87)下，生物表面活性剂的峰均为大峰。该生物表面活性剂对铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及真菌黑曲霉、地曲霉、黄曲霉等病原菌具有抑菌抑菌活性。
{"title":"Diversity and Distribution of Potential Biosurfactant Producing Bacillus Sp MN 243657, GC-MS Analysis and its Antimicrobial Study","authors":"C. Brinda, R. R. R. Ragunathan, Jesteena Johney","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3088","url":null,"abstract":"Biosurfactants are microbially produced surface-active compounds. They are amphiphilic molecules with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. The demand for biosurfactants has been exponentially growing as they are nontoxic and biodegradable. They have different applications in several industrial sectors. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the native bacteria which produce biosurfactants from oil contaminated soil of different places in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India. The soil samples were collected from petrol pumps and workshops where the soil is contaminated with petrol, diesel and oil. The bacteria were isolated from contaminated soil samples and confirmed as Bacillus sp.The cultures were screened for biosurfactant production by different screening techniques such as blood hemolysis, oil spreading assay, emulsification ability assay, bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons activity. The potential biosurfactant producing culture was selected and identified using molecular techniques and submitted to NCBI Gene Bank (MN 243657 – Bacillus sp). The selected bacterial culture was used for biosurfactant production and these were characterized by UV, TLC, FTIR and GC -MS analysis. The derived biosurfactant's Rf value was 0.68 as determined by a TLC chromatogram. In a UV-visible spectroscopy study, the isolated biosurfactant displayed a highest peak at 415 nm. According to FTIR analysis, the isolated biosurfactant displayed an intense peak at 3340 cm -1. The large peaks of the biosurfactant were observed at various retention times of 12.75, 10.22, 4.98, and 3.87, respectively, after GC-MS analysis. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the biosurfactant was identified against pathogenic bacteria such as P.aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus and fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82348034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Buckwheat is an underutilized pseudo- cereal which has potential as a functional food ingredient. The investigation study was carried out to formulate a buckwheat based soup mix. The different level of incorporation (0 to 50%) of gelatinised buckwheat flour was used to prepare soup mix at a different concentration. 30% buckwheat flour incorporation was identified as the best based on proximate, functional and sensory parameters. Storage study at ambient condition, showed a declining trend in sensory score, whereas the total plate count was increasing. The developed instant buckwheat soup mix requires less time for preparation without compensating on the health benefits. Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are chronic diseases that are not transmissible from one person to another. The scope of the study indicated that the effect of buckwheat incorporated instant soup mix helps to prevent non-communicable diseases.
{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Nutritional, Rheological, Microstructural Parameters and Shelf Life of Instant Buckwheat Soup Mix","authors":"G. Gomathi, S. P. S. Parameshwari","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3080","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Buckwheat is an underutilized pseudo- cereal which has potential as a functional food ingredient. The investigation study was carried out to formulate a buckwheat based soup mix. The different level of incorporation (0 to 50%) of gelatinised buckwheat flour was used to prepare soup mix at a different concentration. 30% buckwheat flour incorporation was identified as the best based on proximate, functional and sensory parameters. Storage study at ambient condition, showed a declining trend in sensory score, whereas the total plate count was increasing. The developed instant buckwheat soup mix requires less time for preparation without compensating on the health benefits. Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are chronic diseases that are not transmissible from one person to another. The scope of the study indicated that the effect of buckwheat incorporated instant soup mix helps to prevent non-communicable diseases.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82868348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yashika Sood, Raina Singhmar, Vivek Singh, D. Malik
In soil, microorganisms participate in diverse processes such as C, N, P and S conversion, breakdown of xenobiotic organic compounds, soil structure development and plant nutrient uptake intensification. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) serve as biofertilizer in both direct and indirect ways. In this study, two potassium solubilizing bacteria strains designated as AKY2 and HPY10 were isolated from rhizospheric soil. The bacterial isolate HPY10 was characterized as Serratia marcescens by using 16s rRNA sequencing. The potassium solubilisation index of strain HPY10 was 3.2. The potassium released by isolates AKY2 and HPY10 was 7.29 and 8.66 mg/L after 10 days of incubation respectively. Both isolates were showing different plant growth promoting activity. The present study, suggests use of isolates AKY2 and HPY10 as biofertilizers which is beneficial for crop cultivation by enhancing growth and yield due to the production of phosphate solubilization, IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and also having antagonistic potential against Fusarium oxysporum.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Potential Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria with Various Plant Growth Promoting Traits","authors":"Yashika Sood, Raina Singhmar, Vivek Singh, D. Malik","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3070","url":null,"abstract":"In soil, microorganisms participate in diverse processes such as C, N, P and S conversion, breakdown of xenobiotic organic compounds, soil structure development and plant nutrient uptake intensification. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) serve as biofertilizer in both direct and indirect ways. In this study, two potassium solubilizing bacteria strains designated as AKY2 and HPY10 were isolated from rhizospheric soil. The bacterial isolate HPY10 was characterized as Serratia marcescens by using 16s rRNA sequencing. The potassium solubilisation index of strain HPY10 was 3.2. The potassium released by isolates AKY2 and HPY10 was 7.29 and 8.66 mg/L after 10 days of incubation respectively. Both isolates were showing different plant growth promoting activity. The present study, suggests use of isolates AKY2 and HPY10 as biofertilizers which is beneficial for crop cultivation by enhancing growth and yield due to the production of phosphate solubilization, IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and also having antagonistic potential against Fusarium oxysporum.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72597943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Endophytic fungi synthesize a diverse set of enzymes and biomolecules with wide array of bioactivities. Thirty-five distinct fungal endophytes have been isolated from medicinal plants of Rutaceae and screened for their ability to produce various industrially important enzymes. Primary enzyme screening revealed that 65% of isolates produced L-Asparaginase, 62% of isolates produced cellulase, 60% of isolates produced amylase, 48% of isolates produced both lipase and pectinase, 45% of isolates produced laccase and 42% of isolates produced protease. Among the different enzymes screened, L-Asparaginase producing isolates were dominant and subjected to quantification using the nesslerization method. The endophytic isolates LCJ315, LCJ324, LCJ326 and LCJ335 were capable of producing high L-Asparaginase activity and their enzyme activity ranged between 7.58 U/ml to 8.84 U/ml. The four isolates were further subjected to molecular identification using 18S rRNA sequencing. The results were then subjected to BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic tree was created by MEGA software. The isolated endophytic fungal strains were identified as LCJ315 (Aspergillus sp.), LCJ326 (Colletotrichum sp.), LCJ324 and LCJ335 (Fusarium sp.). The fungal source of L-Asparaginase is preferred over other microbial sources of L-Asparaginase due to reduced side effects. Given the fact that L-Asparaginase is a crucial anticancer enzyme that is used as the initial therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hence, the present study reveals that these endophytic fungal strains isolated from Rutaceae members can be used as an alternate source for L-Asparaginase production.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of L-Asparaginase Producing Endophytic Fungi from Medicinal Plants of Rutaceae Family","authors":"E. Udayan, J. J. Gnanadoss","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3085","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi synthesize a diverse set of enzymes and biomolecules with wide array of bioactivities. Thirty-five distinct fungal endophytes have been isolated from medicinal plants of Rutaceae and screened for their ability to produce various industrially important enzymes. Primary enzyme screening revealed that 65% of isolates produced L-Asparaginase, 62% of isolates produced cellulase, 60% of isolates produced amylase, 48% of isolates produced both lipase and pectinase, 45% of isolates produced laccase and 42% of isolates produced protease. Among the different enzymes screened, L-Asparaginase producing isolates were dominant and subjected to quantification using the nesslerization method. The endophytic isolates LCJ315, LCJ324, LCJ326 and LCJ335 were capable of producing high L-Asparaginase activity and their enzyme activity ranged between 7.58 U/ml to 8.84 U/ml. The four isolates were further subjected to molecular identification using 18S rRNA sequencing. The results were then subjected to BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic tree was created by MEGA software. The isolated endophytic fungal strains were identified as LCJ315 (Aspergillus sp.), LCJ326 (Colletotrichum sp.), LCJ324 and LCJ335 (Fusarium sp.). The fungal source of L-Asparaginase is preferred over other microbial sources of L-Asparaginase due to reduced side effects. Given the fact that L-Asparaginase is a crucial anticancer enzyme that is used as the initial therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hence, the present study reveals that these endophytic fungal strains isolated from Rutaceae members can be used as an alternate source for L-Asparaginase production.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81854005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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