Building and Environment最新文献_第9页

Oxygen adaptation prediction method based on objective physiological parameters for high-altitude populations 基于客观生理参数的高海拔人群氧气适应性预测方法

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112213

Cong Song , Hui Kang , Yushu Ren , Yanfeng Liu

The low pressure and oxygen in high-altitude areas bring severe challenges to the physiological and mental health of the plain people who enter the high-altitude area. At present, the evaluation of hypoxia in plateau populations mainly relies on subjective symptom description, and due to the fact that human hypoxia response is affected by multi-dimensional factors such as physical function, altitude of the source area, and residence time, conducting experiments with multiple working conditions leads to a large amount of workload, high costs, and subjective results. Therefore, the idea of replacing multi-dimensional complex adaptation factors with lump-sum “hypoxia adaptation level” was proposed in this study. Objective physiological parameters for hypoxia evaluation were obtained through experiments on various oxygen concentration conditions at the plateau. The Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) of physiological indicators and oxygen sensation were established, area under the curve (AUC), asymptote significance, and correlation with oxygen sensation were analyzed, and evaluation indicators were screened. The K-means clustering method combined with Fisher discrimination was used to construct the oxygen adaptation level prediction model suitable for the alien population in the high-altitude area. Finally, the oxygen adaptation level of the population is divided into high oxygen adaptation level, moderate oxygen adaptation level, and low oxygen adaptation level, and the accuracy rate is as high as 94.96%. It can accurately determine the adaptation state of the alien population in the hypoxic environment, and it can provide a reference basis for the regulation of the indoor oxygen environment in the plateau.

高海拔地区的低气压、低氧气给进入高海拔地区的平原人群的生理和心理健康带来了严峻的挑战。目前，高原人群缺氧评估主要依靠主观症状描述，由于人体缺氧反应受身体机能、源区海拔高度、居住时间等多维因素影响，进行多工况实验工作量大、成本高、结果主观性强。因此，本研究提出了用一次性总和的 "缺氧适应水平 "来替代多维复杂适应因素的想法。通过在高原各种氧气浓度条件下的实验，获得了缺氧评估的客观生理参数。建立生理指标与氧感觉的接收者工作特征曲线（ROC），分析曲线下面积（AUC）、渐近线显著性以及与氧感觉的相关性，筛选评价指标。采用 K-均值聚类法结合 Fisher 判别法，构建了适合高海拔地区外来人群的氧适应水平预测模型。最终将人群的氧适应水平分为高氧适应水平、中氧适应水平和低氧适应水平，准确率高达 94.96%。可以准确判断外来种群在缺氧环境中的适应状态，为高原室内氧环境调控提供参考依据。

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引用次数: 0

The combined influence of thermal and acoustic environment on overall comfort and Productivity in naturally ventilated university classrooms in India 热环境和声环境对印度自然通风大学教室整体舒适度和生产率的综合影响

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112212

Nikhil Bhandari, Srinivas Tadepalli, Padmanaban Gopalakrishnan

Ceiling fans are commonly used in naturally ventilated classrooms in warm and humid climates to ensure thermal comfort. However, using ceiling fans at higher speeds increases background noise, interfering with acoustic comfort. Most research on thermal and acoustic comfort in classrooms focused on either thermal or acoustic environments. While most of the research on the combined influence of thermo-acoustic environments conducted in climate chambers, did not reflect ranges of temperature and relative humidity experienced in warm and humid climates. Recent studies by the authors have examined the effects of non-uniform environment created by ceiling fans on thermal and acoustic comfort in lecture halls. Building upon these studies, detailed analyses were carried out of the combined effects of thermal and acoustic environments on overall comfort in real educational settings. The research involved on-site measurements of indoor thermal and acoustic variables, along with a comprehensive questionnaire survey assessing students’ subjective responses. In total, 828 student responses were collected across 11 lecture halls over four months. Thermal and acoustical comfort data were analysed together using regression analysis. Higher productivity was reported within 27.8–29.8 °C at 56 dBA background noise. Students accepted the environment with background noise up to 59.9 dBA at 28.8 °C, and the acceptable temperature range varied between 26.1 and 31.5 °C at 56 dBA. Overall comfort was inferred up to 33.4 °C at 61 dBA, but this threshold slightly decreased to 32.5 °C when background noise increased to 65 dBA. These findings can be applied to optimize the indoor environment of lecture halls and increase students' productivity.

吊扇通常用于气候温暖潮湿的自然通风教室，以确保热舒适度。但是，吊扇的转速越高，背景噪声就越大，从而影响声学舒适度。有关教室热舒适度和声舒适度的研究大多集中在热环境或声环境方面。虽然大多数关于热声环境综合影响的研究都是在气候箱中进行的，但并不能反映温暖潮湿气候下的温度和相对湿度范围。作者最近的研究考察了吊扇造成的不均匀环境对演讲厅热舒适度和声舒适度的影响。在这些研究的基础上，我们对实际教育环境中热环境和声环境对整体舒适度的综合影响进行了详细分析。研究包括对室内热和声学变量的现场测量，以及评估学生主观反应的综合问卷调查。在四个月的时间里，共收集了 11 个报告厅的 828 份学生问卷。采用回归分析法对热舒适度和声学舒适度数据进行了综合分析。据报告，在 27.8-29.8 °C、背景噪声为 56 分贝的环境中，学生的学习效率较高。在 28.8 °C、背景噪声高达 59.9 dBA 的条件下，学生可以接受的环境温度范围在 26.1 至 31.5 °C、56 dBA 之间。在 61 分贝时，整体舒适度可推断到 33.4 °C，但当背景噪声增加到 65 分贝时，阈值略微下降到 32.5 °C。这些研究结果可用于优化阶梯教室的室内环境，提高学生的学习效率。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of human behaviors involving sound and light exposure in sleep environments on sleep and mental disorders: A cross-sectional study 人类在睡眠环境中的声光暴露行为对睡眠和精神障碍的影响：横断面研究

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112211

Linmin Hu , Xinjie Dai , Xixian Fang , Kai Su , Chunliang Wang , Chunhui Yang , Ruitong Zhang , Jie He , Minhui Li , Xinran Ye , Jiahong Xu , Xiyang Pan , Benyu Yang , Jiahong Zhang , Guomao Zheng , Ying Xu , Jianbang Xiang

Creating an optimal sleeping environment is essential. Few studies have examined how common individual behaviors alter the daily sleep environment and the subsequent health impacts of these changes among the general population. This study presented a cross-sectional analysis of 13,157 Chinese college students, utilizing binomial logistic regression models and mediation effect analysis to elucidate the associations between human behaviors involving sound and light exposure in sleep environments and outcomes related to sleep disorders, depression, and anxiety. Our results indicated that noise exposure, listening to white noise and content-based audio (audiobooks, crosstalk, and radio) before sleep, watching electronic screens in a dim environment, using noise-canceling tools during sleep, adjusting room light to be on during sleep, and using light-blocking tools during sleep was associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders by 54.9–343.4 %. The risk of mental disorders increased by 0.325–4.379 times. Pathetic (odds ratio (OR) = 1.568) and stirring music (OR = 1.279) were associated with a higher risk of sleep disorders, while gentle music was correlated with a lower risk (OR = 0.842). Additionally, warm light and gentle/cheerful music were associated with lower depression and anxiety risks (OR = 0.635–0.733). Sleep quality was found to partially mediate the relationship between these human behaviors and mental disorders, and mental disorders also mediated the relationship between these behaviors and sleep disorders. The research findings offer a scientific foundation for optimizing sleeping environments through behavior control.

创造最佳睡眠环境至关重要。在普通人群中，很少有研究探讨常见的个人行为如何改变日常睡眠环境，以及这些改变对健康的影响。本研究对 13157 名中国大学生进行了横断面分析，利用二项逻辑回归模型和中介效应分析，阐明了人类在睡眠环境中的声光暴露行为与睡眠障碍、抑郁和焦虑相关结果之间的关联。我们的研究结果表明，噪音暴露、睡前收听白噪音和内容类音频（有声读物、串讲和广播）、在昏暗环境中观看电子屏幕、睡眠时使用降噪工具、睡眠时调整室内灯光亮度以及睡眠时使用遮光工具与睡眠障碍风险增加有关，其相关性为 54.9%-343.4%。精神失常的风险增加了 0.325-4.379 倍。凄美的音乐（几率比（OR）= 1.568）和激昂的音乐（OR = 1.279）与较高的睡眠障碍风险相关，而轻柔的音乐则与较低的风险相关（OR = 0.842）。此外，温暖的灯光和轻柔/欢快的音乐与较低的抑郁和焦虑风险相关（OR = 0.635-0.733）。研究发现，睡眠质量在一定程度上介导了这些人类行为与精神障碍之间的关系，而精神障碍也介导了这些行为与睡眠障碍之间的关系。研究结果为通过行为控制优化睡眠环境提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation on the influence of geometric parameters on turbulent flow and thermal performance in the roof solar chimney 几何参数对屋顶太阳能烟囱湍流和热性能影响的数值研究

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112210

Chenxing Wang , Yan Wu , Chentao Hua , Xiaoyu Zhao , Jianbin Zang , Naiping Gao

The geometric parameters of solar chimneys directly affect the heat absorption area and channel cross-sectional area, significantly influencing economic costs and system performance. This study employs mathematical design calculation and numerical simulation methods to investigate the turbulent flow and thermal performance of roof solar chimneys under different Rayleigh numbers and different geometric parameters, including cavity gap-to-width ratios and channel cross-sectional areas. The configurations of ventilated rooms connected to solar chimneys significantly affect the velocity distribution, turbulent flow patterns, and vortex dynamics. Increasing the cavity gap and width reduces upward flow velocity and turbulent kinetic intensity. A higher cavity gap-to-width ratio enhances ventilation rates at lower costs. The discrepancies between the ventilation rates calculated by the mathematical design calculation and those obtained from numerical simulations are analyzed to optimize the geometric design methodology. Thermal efficiency declines with the expanding channel cross-sectional area. Disparities in ventilation and thermal performance intensify with a higher ratio of channel cross-sectional area to window opening area (A_R), indicating the increased system response to buoyancy forces. For A_R ≤ 0.25, increasing cavity gap and width similarly enhances ventilation rates. However, for A_R > 0.25, the enhancement effect of increasing cavity gap diminishes, while the increase in cavity width maintains a steady growth rate for ventilation. These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for solar chimney technologies and sustainable design research.

太阳能烟囱的几何参数直接影响吸热面积和通道截面积，对经济成本和系统性能有重大影响。本研究采用数学设计计算和数值模拟方法，研究了不同雷利数和不同几何参数（包括空腔间隙宽度比和通道截面积）下屋顶太阳能烟囱的湍流和热性能。与太阳能烟囱相连的通风房间的配置会显著影响速度分布、湍流模式和涡流动力学。增加空腔间隙和宽度会降低上升流速和湍流动能强度。较高的空腔间隙与宽度比可以以较低的成本提高通风率。分析了数学设计计算得出的通风率与数值模拟得出的通风率之间的差异，以优化几何设计方法。热效率随着通道横截面积的扩大而降低。通道截面积与开窗面积的比值（AR）越大，通风和热性能的差异就越大，这表明系统对浮力的响应增强。当 AR ≤ 0.25 时，增加空腔间隙和宽度同样会提高通风率。然而，当 AR > 0.25 时，增加空腔间隙的增强效果减弱，而增加空腔宽度则能保持稳定的通风增长率。这些发现为太阳能烟囱技术和可持续设计研究提供了理论依据和实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study of outdoor thermal comfort: Residents vs. tourists at Xi'an Ming Dynasty Ancient city wall scenic area 室外热舒适度比较研究：西安明城墙景区居民与游客的室外热舒适度比较研究

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112195

Meng Zhen , Xiaoyi She , Weijie Xia , Ruizhe Lu , Zilong Geng , Donglong Shang , Ming Zhang , Kai Nan

This study explores the thermal perceptions and comfort of residents and tourists at the Xi'an Ming Dynasty Ancient City Wall Scenic Area, addressing a gap in comparative outdoor thermal comfort studies in historical settings. Meteorological measurements and questionnaires collected between July 2019 and March 2021 analyze physical, individual, social, and psychological factors influencing thermal sensation, comfort, and acceptability across seasons. The RayMan model calculates Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET), with data analyzed using SPSS 27.0. Results show Neutral PET (NPET) values of 17.1 °C for residents and 18.6 °C for tourists, and Preferred PET (PPET) values of 18.4 °C and 20.8 °C, respectively. Thermal Acceptability Ranges (TAR) are 13.5 °C–26.7 °C for residents and 15 °C–24.1 °C for tourists. Whether the measurement space contains water sources significantly affects temperature and humidity, while vegetation impacts wind speed. Physical factors predominantly affect perceptions, with individual factors becoming more important for tourists in winter. The findings provide insights for optimizing the thermal environment in scenic open spaces to enhance the comfort of both residents and tourists.

本研究探讨了西安明代古城墙景区居民和游客的热感觉和舒适度，填补了历史环境中室外热舒适度比较研究的空白。在 2019 年 7 月至 2021 年 3 月期间收集的气象测量数据和调查问卷分析了影响不同季节热感觉、舒适度和可接受性的物理、个体、社会和心理因素。RayMan 模型计算生理等效温度 (PET)，并使用 SPSS 27.0 分析数据。结果显示，居民的中性 PET（NPET）值为 17.1 °C，游客为 18.6 °C；首选 PET（PPET）值分别为 18.4 °C和 20.8 °C。居民的热可接受范围 (TAR) 为 13.5 °C-26.7 °C，游客为 15 °C-24.1 °C。测量空间是否有水源对温度和湿度有很大影响，而植被则会影响风速。物理因素主要影响感知，而个人因素在冬季对游客更为重要。研究结果为优化景区开放空间的热环境，提高居民和游客的舒适度提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

Resiliency evaluation of sheltering in a net-zero energy house during summer power outage 夏季停电期间在净零能耗房屋避难的复原力评估

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112204

Jungmin KIM , Kanta AMADA , Mizuho AKIMOTO , Yosuke CHIBA , Naoya WATANABE , Seiichi KASHIHARA , Shin-ichi TANABE

This study examines the growing issue of power outages caused by natural disasters and proposes the use of net-zero energy houses (ZEH) as a safe alternative to traditional shelters. A ZEH, equipped with an independent energy system, can maintain essential living standards such as thermal comfort and 24-hour air conditioning during a summer power outage, reducing the risk of heatstroke. The research tested a ZEH in Japan, confirming its ability to support critical household appliances like refrigerators, lighting, and water heaters for up to 72 h. This demonstrates the ZEH's potential for offering safe, comfortable shelter during emergencies while addressing problems like poor sanitation and lack of privacy found in typical shelters. The experimental ZEH is located in Shizuoka, Japan, is a steel structure, and has a floor area of 110.94 m2 and overall heat transmission coefficient (UA) of 0.48 W/m2·K. The ZEH was equipped with a 5.1 kW photovoltaic system and 5.6/11.2 kWh storage battery (BT), which produced an output of up to 2.0/4.0 kVA. A ZEH with a 5.6 kWh BT can provide for ventilation and living/dining room/kitchen air conditioning (AC), refrigerator, television, lighting, mobile phone charging, rice cooker, microwave, electric kettle, and heat pump water heater during a 72-h power outage. The ZEH with a 11.2 kWh BT can also provide bedroom AC and high-load home appliances for lunch and dinner, in addition to a 5.6 kWh BT. The use of AC in a self-supporting circuit maintained the thermal environment at a low heat stroke risk.

本研究探讨了自然灾害导致停电这一日益严重的问题，并提出使用净零能耗房屋（ZEH）作为传统避难所的安全替代方案。配备独立能源系统的净零能耗房屋可以在夏季停电期间保持基本的生活标准，例如热舒适度和 24 小时空调，从而降低中暑风险。这项研究在日本对 ZEH 进行了测试，证实它能够支持冰箱、照明和热水器等关键家用电器长达 72 小时。这表明 ZEH 有潜力在紧急情况下提供安全、舒适的庇护所，同时解决一般庇护所卫生条件差和缺乏隐私等问题。实验性 ZEH 位于日本静冈，为钢结构，建筑面积为 110.94 平方米，整体热传导系数 (UA) 为 0.48 W/m2-K。ZEH 配备了 5.1 kW 光伏系统和 5.6/11.2 kWh 蓄电池 (BT)，输出功率高达 2.0/4.0 kVA。装有 5.6 千瓦时蓄电池的 ZEH 可以在停电 72 小时内提供通风、客厅/餐厅/厨房空调、冰箱、电视、照明、手机充电、电饭煲、微波炉、电水壶和热泵热水器。除了 5.6 千瓦时的 BT 外，装有 11.2 千瓦时 BT 的 ZEH 还能提供卧室空调和午餐和晚餐的高负荷家用电器。在自给电路中使用交流电可将热环境维持在较低的中暑风险水平。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of carbon emission characteristics and establishment of prediction models for residential and office buildings in China 中国住宅和办公建筑碳排放特征分析及预测模型的建立

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112208

Xiaoyu Luo , Yantong Zhang , Zhiqian Song

Intensifying environmental issues make carbon reduction crucial, especially in the construction industry. Embodied carbon emissions (ECE) in buildings characteristically involve concentrated, intensive emissions over a short period. Implementing energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies has raised ECE rates. Therefore, analyzing carbon emission (CE) characteristics during the production and construction phases is necessary. Currently, essential data on ECE is lacking, the calculation methods are complex, and ECE's characteristics and influential factors in residential and office buildings remain unclear. Moreover, there is a lack of prediction models for ECE in the construction phase that apply to current construction methods and CE factors. The research on prediction models for ECE has primarily focused on the production phase but has paid little attention to the contribution of non-structural materials to embodied carbon (EC). In this study, reinforced concrete residential and office buildings in hot summer and cold winter regions (located in the southeast part of mainland China, with a subtropical monsoon climate) were considered typical types, and the CE characteristics of two main phases, the production and construction phases, were analyzed. Based on critical features, such as the number of floors and the basement, prediction models for ECE in residential and office buildings were established at the design stage. The models were validated with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values below 4 %, and coefficient of variation (root mean square error) (CV [RMSE]) values less than 0.02. The prediction models enabled a rapid estimation of ECE, encouraging designers to consider EC in the early design stages.

不断加剧的环境问题使得碳减排变得至关重要，尤其是在建筑行业。建筑物的内蕴碳排放（ECE）通常是指在短时间内集中、高强度的排放。节能减碳技术的实施提高了 ECE 的排放率。因此，有必要分析生产和施工阶段的碳排放（CE）特征。目前，有关 ECE 的基本数据缺乏，计算方法复杂，住宅和办公建筑的 ECE 特征和影响因素尚不明确。此外，还缺乏适用于当前施工方法和 CE 因素的施工阶段 ECE 预测模型。对 ECE 预测模型的研究主要集中在生产阶段，但很少关注非结构材料对体现碳（EC）的贡献。本研究将夏热冬冷地区（位于中国大陆东南部，属亚热带季风气候）的钢筋混凝土住宅和办公建筑视为典型类型，分析了生产和施工两大阶段的 CE 特征。根据层数和地下室等关键特征，在设计阶段建立了住宅和办公建筑的 ECE 预测模型。经过验证，这些模型的平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）值低于 4%，变异系数（均方根误差）（CV [RMSE]）值低于 0.02。预测模型能够快速估算 ECE，从而鼓励设计人员在早期设计阶段就考虑 EC。

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引用次数: 0

Modular steel panel for walls: life cycle environmental impact, life cycle cost, and potential for material circulation 模块化墙体钢板：生命周期环境影响、生命周期成本和材料循环潜力

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112209

Janaine Timm , Robert Ries , Ana Passuello

The impacts of civil construction are widely recognized and justify the transition from a linear to a circular economy. Furthermore, with building users increasingly demanding greater adaptability, strategies such as modularity and flexibility to adapt to changing uses are being discussed. Modular wall panels allow quick installation and have the potential for disassembly, refurbishment, reuse, and recycling. We evaluate a modular steel panel system in two Brazilian case studies through life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and building circularity index (BCI). The study applies the circular reuse and remanufacture, recycling, and life extension strategies for internal and external walls. For the external panel, the life extension strategy (SE02) stands out positively in all impact categories, with the lowest environmental impact and costs. However, the SE02′s BCI does not have the best result. The second best option is reuse (SE03), with the highest percentage of circularity. Furthermore, the differences between SE02 and SE03 are reduced in several impact categories, and the sensitivity analysis (transport, damage, and the number of reuses) shows that the differences could be even smaller. For the internal panel, life extension (SI02) and reuse (SI03) scenarios are the best options. Recycling (SI04) has the highest environmental impact and the best potential for circularity. BCI communication must be aligned with LCA and LCC, such that an increase in circularity is accompanied by a decrease in environmental impacts or with infeasible costs, especially for developing countries.

民用建筑的影响已得到广泛认可，并证明了从线性经济向循环经济过渡的合理性。此外，随着建筑用户对适应性的要求越来越高，模块化和灵活性等适应用途变化的策略也在讨论之中。模块化墙板可以快速安装，并具有拆卸、翻新、再利用和回收的潜力。我们通过生命周期评估（LCA）、生命周期成本（LCC）和建筑循环指数（BCI）对巴西的两个案例研究中的模块化钢板系统进行了评估。该研究对内外墙采用了循环再利用和再制造、回收和延长寿命的策略。对于外墙板，寿命延长策略（SE02）在所有影响类别中都表现突出，对环境的影响和成本都最低。然而，SE02 的 BCI 并非最佳结果。第二好的方案是再利用（SE03），其循环比例最高。此外，SE02 和 SE03 在多个影响类别上的差异都有所减小，敏感性分析（运输、损坏和重复使用次数）显示，差异可能会更小。对于内部面板，延长寿命（SI02）和重复使用（SI03）方案是最佳选择。回收（SI04）对环境的影响最大，也最有可能实现循环。业连通报必须与生命周期评估（LCA）和生命周期成本计算（LCC）保持一致，以便在提高循环性的同时减少环境影响或降低不可行的成本，尤其是对发展中国家而言。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the cooling performance of vegetation combined with a fountain in horizontal and vertical urban environments 评估水平和垂直城市环境中植被与喷泉相结合的冷却性能

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112192

Lei Tang , Weimin Zheng, Yulin Wu , Li Tang, Yuhu Zhao

Urban greenery and fountains effectively mitigate the urban heat island (UHI) effect. While many studies have assessed individual vegetation configurations (grass, shrub, and tree) and fountains at pedestrian heights, few have explored their combined effects horizontally and vertically. This study uses the ENVI-met model to evaluate the cooling effects of three vegetation configurations and their combinations with fountains in a typical historical and cultural neighborhood. The “grass, shrub, tree and fountain” scenario achieved the most substantial cooling, reducing air temperature (T_a) by 5.61 °C and mean radiant temperature (T_mrt) by 17.39 °C. Adding shrubs to the existing trees had minimal impact on T_a and T_mrt. Incorporating fountains into various vegetation configurations scenarios further lowered T_a by 3.58°C-3.66 °C and T_mrt by 2.97°C-3.27 °C. Trees primarily improved T_mrt through shading, while fountains were more effective at reduce T_a. This study offers theoretical and scientific guidance for optimizing urban street microclimate design from horizontal and vertical perspectives.

城市绿化和喷泉能有效缓解城市热岛效应（UHI）。虽然许多研究都对单个植被配置（草、灌木和树）和行人高度的喷泉进行了评估，但很少有研究探讨它们在水平和垂直方向的组合效果。本研究使用 ENVI-met 模型评估了典型历史文化街区中三种植被配置及其与喷泉组合的降温效果。草地、灌木、树木和喷泉 "方案的降温效果最好，空气温度 (Ta) 降低了 5.61 °C，平均辐射温度 (Tmrt) 降低了 17.39 °C。在现有树木的基础上增加灌木对 Ta 和 Tmrt 的影响最小。在各种植被配置方案中加入喷泉可进一步将 Ta 降低 3.58°C-3.66 °C，将 Tmrt 降低 2.97°C-3.27 °C。乔木主要通过遮阳改善Tmrt，而喷泉则能更有效地降低Ta。这项研究为从水平和垂直角度优化城市街道微气候设计提供了理论和科学指导。

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引用次数: 0

Can Smart Technology and Traditional Wisdom Craft Truly Sustainable Built Environments? 智能技术和传统智慧能否打造真正可持续的建筑环境？

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112205

Christina Priavolou

The built environment consumes vast resources and energy but can shift from a major climate polluter to a catalyst for sustainable development, especially in urban planning. This article proposes integrating advanced technology with traditional wisdom to create smart and contextually rooted built environments. Through two case studies in Greece, it identifies four key contributions: holistic planning informed by traditional insights, multidisciplinary technology integration, resilient community-centric solutions, and convivial construction. These findings emphasise the potential for truly sustainable built environments and the importance of local practices in tackling global sustainability challenges.

建筑环境消耗大量资源和能源，但可以从主要的气候污染源转变为可持续发展的催化剂，尤其是在城市规划方面。本文建议将先进技术与传统智慧相结合，创造出智能的、植根于具体环境的建筑环境。通过对希腊的两个案例研究，文章指出了四个关键贡献：以传统智慧为指导的整体规划、多学科技术整合、以社区为中心的弹性解决方案以及和谐建筑。这些发现强调了真正可持续建筑环境的潜力，以及地方实践在应对全球可持续发展挑战中的重要性。

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