Introduction: The Cold Pressor Test (CPT) was first introduced by Hines and Brown in 1932. It was designed to measure the reactivity of the blood vessels to a standard stimulus2 . Cold Pressor Test is an established challenge test of sympathetic vascular regulation. Sympathetic nervous system activity varies in males and females. Aim: To study the response of Cold Pressor Test on blood pressure in normal healthy young adult males and females. Materials and Method: After Institutional ethics committee approval, a total of 104 subjects in the age group of 18-30 years were recruited with informed consent for the study, after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were explained about the test procedure. Basal blood pressure (pre-test BP) was recorded after 20 min. of rest. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured in mmHg (pre-test). Subject was asked to dip left hand till the wrist in cold water (40-80 C) for 1 min. (minute).Blood pressure was recorded from right arm during the test, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes and 4 minutes after the test. Result: Basal BP was significantly higher in males than in females. Systolic BP(SBP) response, Diastolic BP response (DBP) to CPT were statistically higher in males compared to females. Conclusions: The gender variations are seen due to differences in the sympathetic nervous system activity and due to the effect of sex hormones. Males are more prone to develop hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders when compared to females due to higher sympathetic activity.
{"title":"Gender Differences in Response to Cold Pressor Test in the Age Group of 18-30 Years","authors":"Hasana Fatima, R. Anitha, Mudassir Mirza","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1327","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Cold Pressor Test (CPT) was first introduced by Hines and Brown in 1932. It was \u0000designed to measure the reactivity of the blood vessels to a standard stimulus2 . Cold Pressor Test is an \u0000established challenge test of sympathetic vascular regulation. Sympathetic nervous system activity varies in \u0000males and females. \u0000Aim: To study the response of Cold Pressor Test on blood pressure in normal healthy young adult males \u0000and females. \u0000Materials and Method: After Institutional ethics committee approval, a total of 104 subjects in the age \u0000group of 18-30 years were recruited with informed consent for the study, after considering inclusion and \u0000exclusion criteria. Subjects were explained about the test procedure. Basal blood pressure (pre-test BP) \u0000was recorded after 20 min. of rest. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured in mmHg (pre-test). \u0000Subject was asked to dip left hand till the wrist in cold water (40-80 C) for 1 min. (minute).Blood pressure \u0000was recorded from right arm during the test, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes and 4 minutes after the test. \u0000Result: Basal BP was significantly higher in males than in females. Systolic BP(SBP) response, Diastolic \u0000BP response (DBP) to CPT were statistically higher in males compared to females. \u0000Conclusions: The gender variations are seen due to differences in the sympathetic nervous system activity \u0000and due to the effect of sex hormones. Males are more prone to develop hypertension and other cardiovascular \u0000disorders when compared to females due to higher sympathetic activity.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46172522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can GSR be Used as a Tool to Early Diagnose the Autonomic Dysfunction among GAD Patients","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47131390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem in India and is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Impairment of heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in patients with CAD. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is one of the common modalities of treatment of CAD. In this study we have studied the effect of successful elective PTCA on HRV parameters in patients with CAD. Material and Method: HRV parameters in both time and frequency domain were studied in 30 male patients before PTCA, one day and three day after PTCA. Results: - The time and frequency domain parameters between pre PTCA and 1 st day post PTCA were not found to be statistically significant. Changes in the time domain parameter rMSSD and SDNN was statistically significant between pre and 3 rd day post PTCA but no significant difference was observed in pNN50. A significant decrease in LF n.u and increase in HF n.u was observed between pre and 3 rd day post PTCA. Conclusion: Revascularization with PTCA results in improvement of the autonomic tone. Improved autonomic modulation is seen as early as 3 rd day post PTCA. It indicates that restoring the blood flow reverses to some extent the autonomic modulatory effect of coronary artery disease.
{"title":"Impact of Elective Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease","authors":"Anahita R. Shenoy Basti","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1322","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem in India and is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Impairment of heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in patients with CAD. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is one of the common modalities of treatment of CAD. In this study we have studied the effect of successful elective PTCA on HRV parameters in patients with CAD. Material and Method: HRV parameters in both time and frequency domain were studied in 30 male patients before PTCA, one day and three day after PTCA. Results: - The time and frequency domain parameters between pre PTCA and 1 st day post PTCA were not found to be statistically significant. Changes in the time domain parameter rMSSD and SDNN was statistically significant between pre and 3 rd day post PTCA but no significant difference was observed in pNN50. A significant decrease in LF n.u and increase in HF n.u was observed between pre and 3 rd day post PTCA. Conclusion: Revascularization with PTCA results in improvement of the autonomic tone. Improved autonomic modulation is seen as early as 3 rd day post PTCA. It indicates that restoring the blood flow reverses to some extent the autonomic modulatory effect of coronary artery disease.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47334212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Diabetes is a very common disease that affects almost all body systems. Of late recent studies have determined that vitamin D deficiency can cause several diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications etc. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. Vitamin D is an antioxidant and its deficiency can cause oxidative stress .Thus vitamin D deficiency by itself and by causing oxidative stress can increase risk of developing diabetes Hyperglycemia can affect cognition. Oxidative stress too can affect cognition. Studies done studying the role of vitamin D affecting cognition especially in diabetics are very few. Aim: To determine the role of vitamin D in affecting cognition in Diabetic patients. To determine the correlation between vitamin D, oxidative stress and cognition in diabetes . obtaining ethical approval from the institution a structured questionnaire was given to all. Fasting blood glucose was by Method. Immunoturbidometry. stress (malonylaldehyde) reactive substances Montreal cognitive All were carried out the Results were analysed using Microsoft excel. Results: A negative correlation was seen between vitamin D and MOCA scores. A positive correlation was seen between MDA and MOCA scores. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency causes oxidative stress and affects cognition in diabetics. Vitamin D supplementation can be considered to reduce oxidative stress and thus improve cognition in diabetes mellitus patients.
{"title":"Vitamin D, Oxidative Stress and Cognition in Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"R. Kanchana, K. Pushpa","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1329","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes is a very common disease that affects almost all body systems. Of late recent studies have determined that vitamin D deficiency can cause several diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular complications etc. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. Vitamin D is an antioxidant and its deficiency can cause oxidative stress .Thus vitamin D deficiency by itself and by causing oxidative stress can increase risk of developing diabetes Hyperglycemia can affect cognition. Oxidative stress too can affect cognition. Studies done studying the role of vitamin D affecting cognition especially in diabetics are very few. Aim: To determine the role of vitamin D in affecting cognition in Diabetic patients. To determine the correlation between vitamin D, oxidative stress and cognition in diabetes . obtaining ethical approval from the institution a structured questionnaire was given to all. Fasting blood glucose was by Method. Immunoturbidometry. stress (malonylaldehyde) reactive substances Montreal cognitive All were carried out the Results were analysed using Microsoft excel. Results: A negative correlation was seen between vitamin D and MOCA scores. A positive correlation was seen between MDA and MOCA scores. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency causes oxidative stress and affects cognition in diabetics. Vitamin D supplementation can be considered to reduce oxidative stress and thus improve cognition in diabetes mellitus patients.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41860831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Hormonal Essay in Non-Obstructive and Obstructive Subject in Central India","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49452978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Frontal and parietal association areas form the neural basis of concentration as evidenced by cellular studies of posterior parietal cortex in monkeys. Cerebral asymmetry, an evolutionary consequence,enhances brain output by synchronizing both hemispheres for maximal brain output facilitated by Super-brain yoga - a simple,effective technique to energize and recharge the brain, assessed with d2 test measuring attention, scanning and mental flexibility. Aim: To assess the effect of Super-brain yoga on the concentrating ability of students by d2 test. Materials and Method: 184 school children aged 11-13 yrs, physically fit & unaware of Super-brain yoga formed the study population. Methodology: (1) d2 test consisting of: (i) TN: total number of characters (ii) E1: number of characters omitted (iii) E2: the number of errors (iv) CP: concentration performance CP = (TN–E2) was performed before and after Super-brain yoga to assess students concentrating ability. (2) Super brain yoga/yogic squats performed for 1 month. Results: ‘p’ value < 0.05 statistical significance with paired ‘t’ test. Conclusion: Practicing Super-brain yoga for 1 month increased the concentrating ability of students.
{"title":"Effect of Super-Brain Yoga on the Concentrating Ability of Students","authors":"G. Aniruddha, A. Santakumari, C. Saroja","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I3.1325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I3.1325","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Frontal and parietal association areas form the neural basis of concentration as evidenced \u0000by cellular studies of posterior parietal cortex in monkeys. Cerebral asymmetry, an evolutionary \u0000consequence,enhances brain output by synchronizing both hemispheres for maximal brain output facilitated \u0000by Super-brain yoga - a simple,effective technique to energize and recharge the brain, assessed with d2 test \u0000measuring attention, scanning and mental flexibility. \u0000Aim: To assess the effect of Super-brain yoga on the concentrating ability of students by d2 test. \u0000Materials and Method: 184 school children aged 11-13 yrs, physically fit & unaware of Super-brain yoga \u0000formed the study population. \u0000Methodology: (1) d2 test consisting of: (i) TN: total number of characters (ii) E1: number of characters \u0000omitted (iii) E2: the number of errors (iv) CP: concentration performance CP = (TN–E2) was performed \u0000before and after Super-brain yoga to assess students concentrating ability. (2) Super brain yoga/yogic squats \u0000performed for 1 month. \u0000Results: ‘p’ value < 0.05 statistical significance with paired ‘t’ test. \u0000Conclusion: Practicing Super-brain yoga for 1 month increased the concentrating ability of students.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44875756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Medical professionals, especially medical students face a lot of stress and anxiety due to various challenges at personal and professional levels. Stress and anxiety affect their health and well-being and causes mental disturbance. Blood pressure, heart rate, and other biochemical parameters show an abnormal rise due to stress and anxiety. Music therapy using Indian classical instrumental music can help relieve this stress and anxiety and bring the biochemical parameters to normal levels. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the immediate and short term effects of Indian classical instrumental music on stress and anxiety using both qualitative and quantitative measurements on male medical students. Materials and Method: Fifty-six (56) healthy male medical students aged between 17-25 years were selected from Rajkiya Medical College, Jalaun (Uttar Pradesh), for a month-long music therapy which included listening to Indian classical instrumental music every day for thirty minutes. ADSS questionnaire, salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, and lipid profile other required parameters were recorded twice, once at baseline and another after one month of music therapy. Results: Post music therapy values revealed a significant decrease in ADSS score anxiety (4.36 ±1.39 v/s 3.36 ± 1.20 p<0.0001), depression (3.14 ± 1.70 v/s 2.23 ± 1.50, p<0.0001) Stress (4.54±1.91 v/s 3.39±1.77, p<0.0001) Salivary cortisol (4.04±1.39 v/s 3.33±1.35, p<0.0001). Further, a significant decrease was recorded in systolic blood pressure (122.53 ± 5.24 v/s 120.86 ± 2.50, p 0.0005) diastolic Blood Pressure (82.75 ± 5.36 v/s 80.82±1.74, p=0.0045) and heart rate (73.43±3.09 v/s 71.99±1.15, p<0.0001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that listening to Indian classical instrumental music notably reduces salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, blood glucose, and lipid profile, and helps to relieve stress and anxiety in male medical students. However, further studies on a larger population are required to make a general policy to facilitate the better mental health of medical students.
{"title":"Effect of Indian Classical Instrumental Music on Stress and Anxiety in Male Medical Students","authors":"P. Bhatnagar, M. Arya","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1331","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medical professionals, especially medical students face a lot of stress and anxiety due to \u0000various challenges at personal and professional levels. Stress and anxiety affect their health and well-being \u0000and causes mental disturbance. Blood pressure, heart rate, and other biochemical parameters show an \u0000abnormal rise due to stress and anxiety. Music therapy using Indian classical instrumental music can help \u0000relieve this stress and anxiety and bring the biochemical parameters to normal levels. \u0000Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the immediate and short term effects of Indian \u0000classical instrumental music on stress and anxiety using both qualitative and quantitative measurements on \u0000male medical students. \u0000Materials and Method: Fifty-six (56) healthy male medical students aged between 17-25 years were \u0000selected from Rajkiya Medical College, Jalaun (Uttar Pradesh), for a month-long music therapy which \u0000included listening to Indian classical instrumental music every day for thirty minutes. ADSS questionnaire, \u0000salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, and lipid profile other required parameters were recorded twice, \u0000once at baseline and another after one month of music therapy. \u0000Results: Post music therapy values revealed a significant decrease in ADSS score anxiety (4.36 ±1.39 v/s \u00003.36 ± 1.20 p<0.0001), depression (3.14 ± 1.70 v/s 2.23 ± 1.50, p<0.0001) Stress (4.54±1.91 v/s 3.39±1.77, \u0000p<0.0001) Salivary cortisol (4.04±1.39 v/s 3.33±1.35, p<0.0001). Further, a significant decrease was \u0000recorded in systolic blood pressure (122.53 ± 5.24 v/s 120.86 ± 2.50, p 0.0005) diastolic Blood Pressure \u0000(82.75 ± 5.36 v/s 80.82±1.74, p=0.0045) and heart rate (73.43±3.09 v/s 71.99±1.15, p<0.0001). \u0000Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that listening to Indian classical instrumental music \u0000notably reduces salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, blood glucose, and lipid profile, \u0000and helps to relieve stress and anxiety in male medical students. However, further studies on a larger \u0000population are required to make a general policy to facilitate the better mental health of medical students.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45027580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The aim of the study is to assess sympathetic activity in Obese Normotensive subjects Objectives: To investigate any changes in sympathetic activity in Normotensive obese subjects using Cold Pressor test Method: 50 Obese subjects of both genders between age group 18-25 years with BMI>25kg/m 2 were selected as study group and 50 age matched subjects of both the genders with BMI<25Kg/m 2 were selected as control group. Sympathetic activity was assessed using Cold pressor test. In this test, After recording the resting blood pressure (BP), the subject was asked to immerse his hand in cold water (temperature maintained between 5°–9°C). BP measurement from other arm was done at 30 sec interval for two minutes using continuous ambulatory Blood pressure monitoring, after which the subject was asked to remove the hand from cold water. Maximum increase in Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) was taken as test response. Results: Statistical analysis was done using unpaired t test.Increase in diastolic blood pressure with Cold pressor test in study group was significantly increased compared to control group. Conclusion: Increased sympathetic activity is seen in obese normotensive subjects,which is a risk factor for future development of hypertension and other complications associated with increased sympathetic activity.weight loss and maintanence of healthy lifestyle is suggested to the subjects to prevent the future complications.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Sympathetic Activity in Normotensive Obese and Nonobese Adults","authors":"M. Haque","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1337","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study is to assess sympathetic activity in Obese Normotensive subjects Objectives: To investigate any changes in sympathetic activity in Normotensive obese subjects using Cold Pressor test Method: 50 Obese subjects of both genders between age group 18-25 years with BMI>25kg/m 2 were selected as study group and 50 age matched subjects of both the genders with BMI<25Kg/m 2 were selected as control group. Sympathetic activity was assessed using Cold pressor test. In this test, After recording the resting blood pressure (BP), the subject was asked to immerse his hand in cold water (temperature maintained between 5°–9°C). BP measurement from other arm was done at 30 sec interval for two minutes using continuous ambulatory Blood pressure monitoring, after which the subject was asked to remove the hand from cold water. Maximum increase in Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) was taken as test response. Results: Statistical analysis was done using unpaired t test.Increase in diastolic blood pressure with Cold pressor test in study group was significantly increased compared to control group. Conclusion: Increased sympathetic activity is seen in obese normotensive subjects,which is a risk factor for future development of hypertension and other complications associated with increased sympathetic activity.weight loss and maintanence of healthy lifestyle is suggested to the subjects to prevent the future complications.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45017204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Presence of family history of hypertension is a strong predictor of development of hypertension in normotensive subjects. Increased left ventricular mass might antedate the development of hypertension in the individuals destined to develop systemic hypertension in life. Aim: To study the left ventricular mass in offspring of normotensive parents (ONP) and offspring of hypertensive parents (OHP) and to find the variations in between the two groups. Materials and Method: 75 healthy normotensive individuals with family history of hypertension and 75 healthy normotensive individuals without family history of hypertension were included in the study .LV mass was calculated by using 2D M-mode echocardiography by the formula given by American society of Echocardiography, LV mass= 0.8 × [ 1.04 × (LVIDd + IVSd + PWd)3 – (LVIDd)3] + 0.6 grams.[LVIDd – Left ventricular internal diameter during diastole; IVSd- Interventricular septal thickness during diastole; PWd – Posterior wall thickness during diastole]. Observation and Results: Left ventricular mass was significantly higher in the normotensive individuals with familyhistory of hypertension (64.33±20.22g) when compared to those without family history (56.12±16.13g). Conclusion: The present study reveals increased left ventricular mass in normotensive individuals with family history of hypertension. Early evaluation of left ventricular mass and life style modification are recommended in healthy normotensive individuals with family history of hypertension to prevent and delay the clinical symptomatolgy of hypertension.
{"title":"Effect of Family History of Hypertension on Left Ventricular Mass in Normotensive Individuals","authors":"A. Kumari, G. Shavali","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1339","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Presence of family history of hypertension is a strong predictor of development of hypertension in normotensive subjects. Increased left ventricular mass might antedate the development of hypertension in the individuals destined to develop systemic hypertension in life. Aim: To study the left ventricular mass in offspring of normotensive parents (ONP) and offspring of hypertensive parents (OHP) and to find the variations in between the two groups. Materials and Method: 75 healthy normotensive individuals with family history of hypertension and 75 healthy normotensive individuals without family history of hypertension were included in the study .LV mass was calculated by using 2D M-mode echocardiography by the formula given by American society of Echocardiography, LV mass= 0.8 × [ 1.04 × (LVIDd + IVSd + PWd)3 – (LVIDd)3] + 0.6 grams.[LVIDd – Left ventricular internal diameter during diastole; IVSd- Interventricular septal thickness during diastole; PWd – Posterior wall thickness during diastole]. Observation and Results: Left ventricular mass was significantly higher in the normotensive individuals with familyhistory of hypertension (64.33±20.22g) when compared to those without family history (56.12±16.13g). Conclusion: The present study reveals increased left ventricular mass in normotensive individuals with family history of hypertension. Early evaluation of left ventricular mass and life style modification are recommended in healthy normotensive individuals with family history of hypertension to prevent and delay the clinical symptomatolgy of hypertension.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46966496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santosh Balgote, Anshul Singhai, C. Akre, A. Deshkar
There is a crucial need for awaring people regarding blood donation all over the world. According to Census 2011 Rajnandgaon city, Chhattisgarh has 1,63114 population and only around 1000 Voluntary Blood Donation done per year3 . This depicts the lack of knowledge and social awareness regarding the blood donation among the population of Rajnandgaon (C.G). Material and Method: The present study is a cross sectional study and conducted among the students of the various graduate and post graduate colleges of Rajnandgaon, to assess their knowledge and attitudinal variables towards voluntary, non-remunerated blood donation. Sample Size: It is calculated by using Kish and Lisle formula for cross-sectional studies8 . Four hundred students were selected to participate in this study Result: After analyzing the data, we observe that the overall knowledge regarding blood donation in study population was found to be 46.11%. Most amazing thing is that 370 student out of 400 never did blood donation (92.5%). Overall 30.60% of students have negative attitude towards blood donation which includes generalized tiredness after blood donation (10.12%), hypovolemic anemia(15.12%) and decrease in Immunity is (5.36%). Around 69.40% of students have positive attitude and are willing to donate blood if they are demanded for blood donation (39.40%), 3% of non-donors not know much importance of blood donation and 27% don’t know the procedure and place where to do blood donation. Conclusion: Through this study we suggest that appropriate motivational campaign should be launched immediately among this young section of the population to convert this favourable “attitude” towards blood donation into a regular “practice” in order to increase the voluntary blood donation in Rajnandgaon.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude & Practise of Voluntary Blood Donation in Students of BRLSABVM Medical College, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh","authors":"Santosh Balgote, Anshul Singhai, C. Akre, A. Deshkar","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i3.1334","url":null,"abstract":"There is a crucial need for awaring people regarding blood donation all over the world. According to Census \u00002011 Rajnandgaon city, Chhattisgarh has 1,63114 population and only around 1000 Voluntary Blood \u0000Donation done per year3 . This depicts the lack of knowledge and social awareness regarding the blood \u0000donation among the population of Rajnandgaon (C.G). \u0000Material and Method: The present study is a cross sectional study and conducted among the students of \u0000the various graduate and post graduate colleges of Rajnandgaon, to assess their knowledge and attitudinal \u0000variables towards voluntary, non-remunerated blood donation. \u0000Sample Size: It is calculated by using Kish and Lisle formula for cross-sectional studies8 . Four hundred \u0000students were selected to participate in this study \u0000Result: After analyzing the data, we observe that the overall knowledge regarding blood donation in \u0000study population was found to be 46.11%. Most amazing thing is that 370 student out of 400 never did \u0000blood donation (92.5%). Overall 30.60% of students have negative attitude towards blood donation which \u0000includes generalized tiredness after blood donation (10.12%), hypovolemic anemia(15.12%) and decrease \u0000in Immunity is (5.36%). Around 69.40% of students have positive attitude and are willing to donate blood \u0000if they are demanded for blood donation (39.40%), 3% of non-donors not know much importance of blood \u0000donation and 27% don’t know the procedure and place where to do blood donation. \u0000Conclusion: Through this study we suggest that appropriate motivational campaign should be launched \u0000immediately among this young section of the population to convert this favourable “attitude” towards blood \u0000donation into a regular “practice” in order to increase the voluntary blood donation in Rajnandgaon.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44538785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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