The practical demonstration classes are becoming more challenging for the faculty to captivate the attentionof all the students. To engage the students in the post lunch session of Physiology practical was felt necessaryand also to increase the students attention span and improve their concentration in the post lunch sessionof Physiology practical classes. The need to sensitize the students to listen to these didactic lectures in theform of introducing Problem based case scenarios (PBL) was felt important. The students were divided intotwo groups, namely control (traditional teaching) and interactive (PBL) groups. The examinations of cranialnerves were divided into two sessions (Cranial nerve 1-6 and 7-12) as PBL I and PBL II and there wascrossing over of groups for the second session in order to avoid selection bias and also that both the groupsare exposed to PBL. After each session evaluation was done by OSPE. Feedback was obtained to knowabout student’s perception. Difference in mean score were analysed by paired t test and compared withintwo groups. The interactive group performed better in the OSPE in the PBL I and PBL II sessions with themean of 28.8 (SD = 8.4, N=50) and 34.6 (SD = 4.6, N=48)respectively. The two-tailed P value was alsosignificant (.019932) and (<.00001) in both groups respectively. The student feedback on analysis revealedthat above 80% of students preferred PBL and motivated towards self-directed learning. Above 90% foundit to be interesting.
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Students’ Performance Using Two Teaching Methodologies in Practical Classes","authors":"P. Sangeetha, B. Adikesavan","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1265","url":null,"abstract":"The practical demonstration classes are becoming more challenging for the faculty to captivate the attentionof all the students. To engage the students in the post lunch session of Physiology practical was felt necessaryand also to increase the students attention span and improve their concentration in the post lunch sessionof Physiology practical classes. The need to sensitize the students to listen to these didactic lectures in theform of introducing Problem based case scenarios (PBL) was felt important. The students were divided intotwo groups, namely control (traditional teaching) and interactive (PBL) groups. The examinations of cranialnerves were divided into two sessions (Cranial nerve 1-6 and 7-12) as PBL I and PBL II and there wascrossing over of groups for the second session in order to avoid selection bias and also that both the groupsare exposed to PBL. After each session evaluation was done by OSPE. Feedback was obtained to knowabout student’s perception. Difference in mean score were analysed by paired t test and compared withintwo groups. The interactive group performed better in the OSPE in the PBL I and PBL II sessions with themean of 28.8 (SD = 8.4, N=50) and 34.6 (SD = 4.6, N=48)respectively. The two-tailed P value was alsosignificant (.019932) and (<.00001) in both groups respectively. The student feedback on analysis revealedthat above 80% of students preferred PBL and motivated towards self-directed learning. Above 90% foundit to be interesting.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"144-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47959369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The present study was undertaken with the aim to investigate influence of hormonal fluctuation duringmenstrual cycle on ECG.Materials and Method: The present study was carried out on 30 healthy female medical students in theage group of 18 to 23 years with normal menstrual cycle of 27-33 days. ECG was recorded on 2nd,11th,22ndday of menstrual cycle (corresponding with menstrual phase, proliferative phase and secretory phase ofmenstrual cycle), using AD INSTRUMENT–POWERLAB®/30 Series.Results: The study revealed that Heart rate was significantly (P<0.05) increased in secretory phase(98.26±10.44) compared to menstrual phase (91.85±10.27).QT and QTc interval showed increase duringproliferative phase but not significant.Discussion: Fluctuation in both estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle influence not only phase-II of cardiac action potential but also autonomic tone which could have led to prolonged QTc in Proliferativephase and increase in heart rate during secretory phase in present study, which provides a screening toolto avoid morbidity due to intake of drugs which prolonged QTc interval during menstrual cycle. But QTcinterval in present study was not increased significantly as it was done during single cycle.
{"title":"Study of Variations in Heart Rate., QT and QTc During Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle","authors":"G. Anuradha, Mudassir Mirza","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1242","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The present study was undertaken with the aim to investigate influence of hormonal fluctuation duringmenstrual cycle on ECG.Materials and Method: The present study was carried out on 30 healthy female medical students in theage group of 18 to 23 years with normal menstrual cycle of 27-33 days. ECG was recorded on 2nd,11th,22ndday of menstrual cycle (corresponding with menstrual phase, proliferative phase and secretory phase ofmenstrual cycle), using AD INSTRUMENT–POWERLAB®/30 Series.Results: The study revealed that Heart rate was significantly (P<0.05) increased in secretory phase(98.26±10.44) compared to menstrual phase (91.85±10.27).QT and QTc interval showed increase duringproliferative phase but not significant.Discussion: Fluctuation in both estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle influence not only phase-II of cardiac action potential but also autonomic tone which could have led to prolonged QTc in Proliferativephase and increase in heart rate during secretory phase in present study, which provides a screening toolto avoid morbidity due to intake of drugs which prolonged QTc interval during menstrual cycle. But QTcinterval in present study was not increased significantly as it was done during single cycle.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47136183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is systemic disorder which causes autonomicdysfunction and predisposes patients to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. FEV1 is a predictor ofcardiovascular events in COPD patients and Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is most reliable tool to measureautonomic dysfunction. There is paucity of literature, revealing the relationship of BRS with disease severityin COPD patients.Objective: In our study we intended to assess BRS among different stages of COPD (GOLD CRITERIA)and also identify the association of BRS with disease severity.Method: This study was done in collaboration between Department of Physiology & Department ofPulmonary medicine, JIPMER. It is a descriptive study done on (n=130) male COPD patients. Anthropometricparameters (height, weight, BMI, W/H ratio), basal parameters, BRS (using Finapres) & PFT (using SpirolabIII) parameters were assessed in them. Later, based on the GOLD stage criteria (Mild, Moderate, Severe,Very severe) they were divided into 4 sub-groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 version software.One-way ANOVA (>2 groups) was used to find any Statistical difference between the groups. Correlationsbetween the variables were done using Pearson correlation test.Results: Statistically significant (p<0.05)difference in BRS between different stages of COPD was determinedby Kruskal- Wallis test and the post – hoc (Dunn’s) test revealed that BRS levels were significantly reducedin very severe, severe and moderate COPD patients when compared to mild COPD patients. Significantpositive Correlation (r=.332, p=0.05) was found between BRS and FEV1.Conclusion: Baroreflex sensitivity is reduced in male patients of COPD and BRS correlated with lungfunction and disease severity.
{"title":"Baroreflex Sensitivity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and its Correlation with Disease Severity-in South Indian Population","authors":"R. Ganesan, G. Gaur, S. Karthik, G. Vishnukanth","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1241","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is systemic disorder which causes autonomicdysfunction and predisposes patients to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. FEV1 is a predictor ofcardiovascular events in COPD patients and Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is most reliable tool to measureautonomic dysfunction. There is paucity of literature, revealing the relationship of BRS with disease severityin COPD patients.Objective: In our study we intended to assess BRS among different stages of COPD (GOLD CRITERIA)and also identify the association of BRS with disease severity.Method: This study was done in collaboration between Department of Physiology & Department ofPulmonary medicine, JIPMER. It is a descriptive study done on (n=130) male COPD patients. Anthropometricparameters (height, weight, BMI, W/H ratio), basal parameters, BRS (using Finapres) & PFT (using SpirolabIII) parameters were assessed in them. Later, based on the GOLD stage criteria (Mild, Moderate, Severe,Very severe) they were divided into 4 sub-groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0 version software.One-way ANOVA (>2 groups) was used to find any Statistical difference between the groups. Correlationsbetween the variables were done using Pearson correlation test.Results: Statistically significant (p<0.05)difference in BRS between different stages of COPD was determinedby Kruskal- Wallis test and the post – hoc (Dunn’s) test revealed that BRS levels were significantly reducedin very severe, severe and moderate COPD patients when compared to mild COPD patients. Significantpositive Correlation (r=.332, p=0.05) was found between BRS and FEV1.Conclusion: Baroreflex sensitivity is reduced in male patients of COPD and BRS correlated with lungfunction and disease severity.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48296575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In today’s era cell phone usage has become so rampant and its being used while doingdifferent task like driving, working in laboratory or office without realizing the distractions these cell phonecan cause. People are not aware of the consequences these distractions can lead to & also the harmful effectsof electromagnetic radiations emitted by the cell phone.Objective: To study the distracting property of cell phone use by assessing the visual reaction time instudents of a medical college while conversing over the cell phone. To know the effect of long term use ofmobile phone on visual and auditory reaction time based on history of no of hrs of phone usage per day. Tofind out gender difference in VRT & ART .Methodology: study population consist of 90 medical students, aged above 18yrs who were using mobilephones were selected randomly. After taking informed consent VRT & ART was recorded using PC 1000reaction time apparatus .student was allowed to converse on phone for 5 min during which VRT wasrecorded. After completing the conversation, once again ART & VRT was recorded. Data was analyzedstatistically using SPSS version 22.Results and Conclusion: Mean VRT was significantly high during conversation when compared toconversation before. In comparison with gender, males have faster reaction time compared to females.So we conclude that simultaneous use of cell phone causes distractions and reduces visual cognitionperformance leading to undesirable consequences. Dual tasking should be avoided and everyone should beeducated to use mobile phone cautiously.
{"title":"Effects of Cell Phone Conversation on Visual and Auditory Reaction Time in Students of a Medical College in Bangalore","authors":"C. Nandini, K. Roopashree, Suparna Ghosh","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1255","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In today’s era cell phone usage has become so rampant and its being used while doingdifferent task like driving, working in laboratory or office without realizing the distractions these cell phonecan cause. People are not aware of the consequences these distractions can lead to & also the harmful effectsof electromagnetic radiations emitted by the cell phone.Objective: To study the distracting property of cell phone use by assessing the visual reaction time instudents of a medical college while conversing over the cell phone. To know the effect of long term use ofmobile phone on visual and auditory reaction time based on history of no of hrs of phone usage per day. Tofind out gender difference in VRT & ART .Methodology: study population consist of 90 medical students, aged above 18yrs who were using mobilephones were selected randomly. After taking informed consent VRT & ART was recorded using PC 1000reaction time apparatus .student was allowed to converse on phone for 5 min during which VRT wasrecorded. After completing the conversation, once again ART & VRT was recorded. Data was analyzedstatistically using SPSS version 22.Results and Conclusion: Mean VRT was significantly high during conversation when compared toconversation before. In comparison with gender, males have faster reaction time compared to females.So we conclude that simultaneous use of cell phone causes distractions and reduces visual cognitionperformance leading to undesirable consequences. Dual tasking should be avoided and everyone should beeducated to use mobile phone cautiously.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"98-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42419313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) is an emerging pandemic. Young adults voluntarily sleep deprive dueto increased social demands and to achieve better in academics. The present study is therefore intended toobserve if partial sleep deprivation improves performance of cognitive functions.Objective: To compare cognitive performance in partially sleep deprived young adults and subjects withadequate sleep duration.Materials and Method: A total of 56 young adults 18-25 years of age were recruited based on inclusion andexclusion criteria. By recall method they were allotted into partially sleep deprived group (n=30) (<6 hr/dayfor 5 consecutive days) and group with normal sleep duration (7-9 hours/day) (n=26). Epworthsleepscale(ESS) was used to measure day time sleepiness. Cognitive domain like sustained attention, executive function,learning and memory were tested for all subjects in both the groups by neuropsychological battery from “Acompendium of neuropsychological test” by Strauss and Spreen. Descriptive statistics and Independent “t”test were used for statistical analysis.Results: Daytime sleepiness was significantly higher in partially sleep deprived group (P=0.0235).Sustainedattention score was significantly lower (p=0.026) in partially sleep deprivation group than the other group.There was no significant difference between the groups in parameters like executive functions, learning andmemory.Conclusion: Partially sleep deprived group showed impaired attention as attention being associated withfrontal regions of the brain that are the first to be affected by sleep deprivation. Executive functions, learningand memory were not statistically different between the 2 groups as other regions of brain involved wouldremain active until the sleep deprivation becomes more severe.
背景：睡眠剥夺（SD）是一种新出现的流行病。年轻人自愿剥夺睡眠二重奏增加了社会需求，并在学术上取得了更好的成绩。因此，本研究旨在观察部分睡眠剥夺是否能改善认知功能。目的：比较部分睡眠不足的年轻人和睡眠时间不足的受试者的认知表现。材料和方法：根据纳入和排除标准，共招募了56名18-25岁的年轻人。通过回忆法，他们被分为部分睡眠剥夺组（n=30）（连续5天<6小时/天）和睡眠时间正常组（7-9小时/天，n=26）。Epworths睡眠量表（ESS）用于测量白天的嗜睡程度。通过Strauss和Spreen的“Acompendium of neuropolical test”中的神经心理学测验，对两组受试者的持续注意力、执行功能、学习和记忆等认知领域进行了测试。采用描述性统计和独立t检验进行统计分析。结果：部分睡眠剥夺组白天嗜睡程度显著高于对照组（P=0.0235），持续注意力得分显著低于对照组（P=0.026）。两组在执行功能、学习和记忆等参数上没有显著差异。结论：部分睡眠剥夺组表现出注意力受损，因为注意力与大脑中最先受到睡眠剥夺影响的额叶区域有关。两组之间的执行功能、学习和记忆没有统计学差异，因为大脑的其他相关区域将保持活跃，直到睡眠剥夺变得更加严重。
{"title":"Effect of Partial Sleep Deprivation on Cognition in Young Adults","authors":"G. Shrimukhi, Sowmya T. Rajaram","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1267","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) is an emerging pandemic. Young adults voluntarily sleep deprive dueto increased social demands and to achieve better in academics. The present study is therefore intended toobserve if partial sleep deprivation improves performance of cognitive functions.Objective: To compare cognitive performance in partially sleep deprived young adults and subjects withadequate sleep duration.Materials and Method: A total of 56 young adults 18-25 years of age were recruited based on inclusion andexclusion criteria. By recall method they were allotted into partially sleep deprived group (n=30) (<6 hr/dayfor 5 consecutive days) and group with normal sleep duration (7-9 hours/day) (n=26). Epworthsleepscale(ESS) was used to measure day time sleepiness. Cognitive domain like sustained attention, executive function,learning and memory were tested for all subjects in both the groups by neuropsychological battery from “Acompendium of neuropsychological test” by Strauss and Spreen. Descriptive statistics and Independent “t”test were used for statistical analysis.Results: Daytime sleepiness was significantly higher in partially sleep deprived group (P=0.0235).Sustainedattention score was significantly lower (p=0.026) in partially sleep deprivation group than the other group.There was no significant difference between the groups in parameters like executive functions, learning andmemory.Conclusion: Partially sleep deprived group showed impaired attention as attention being associated withfrontal regions of the brain that are the first to be affected by sleep deprivation. Executive functions, learningand memory were not statistically different between the 2 groups as other regions of brain involved wouldremain active until the sleep deprivation becomes more severe.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43725683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: India has a large number of diabetic patients and there is a steep rise in the incidence ofdiabetes in the last decade. Diabetic control is categorized as poor control (HbA1c levels above 7%) andgood control (HbA1c levels below 7%). Critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) is a non-invasive test, whichcould help early detection of retinal dysfunction and optic neuropathic changes in Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Objective: To compare the CFF betweenGroup 1: T2DM (HbA1c 7%).Methodology: Sixty diagnosed T2DM patients were the subjects in this study. Thirty patients had theirHbA1c 7 g%. The patients were recruited from Medicine department, Rajarajeswari MedicalCollege and Hospital. CFF was measured using an in-house built apparatus. CFF values were noted and thenanalyzed.Results and Discussion: The mean CFF in group I and the group II patients were 30.17+ 4.69 Hz and26.32+ 6.70 Hz, respectively. This was highly significant (P = 0.012). The significantly lower CFF in thepoorly controlled group II diabetics can be attributed to poorglycemic control in that group.
{"title":"Variation in the CFF with Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus PatientsVariation in the CFF with Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients","authors":"G. Kumar, K. Rekha, B. Jamuna, Prem Jayarajan","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1243","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India has a large number of diabetic patients and there is a steep rise in the incidence ofdiabetes in the last decade. Diabetic control is categorized as poor control (HbA1c levels above 7%) andgood control (HbA1c levels below 7%). Critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) is a non-invasive test, whichcould help early detection of retinal dysfunction and optic neuropathic changes in Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Objective: To compare the CFF betweenGroup 1: T2DM (HbA1c 7%).Methodology: Sixty diagnosed T2DM patients were the subjects in this study. Thirty patients had theirHbA1c 7 g%. The patients were recruited from Medicine department, Rajarajeswari MedicalCollege and Hospital. CFF was measured using an in-house built apparatus. CFF values were noted and thenanalyzed.Results and Discussion: The mean CFF in group I and the group II patients were 30.17+ 4.69 Hz and26.32+ 6.70 Hz, respectively. This was highly significant (P = 0.012). The significantly lower CFF in thepoorly controlled group II diabetics can be attributed to poorglycemic control in that group.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48334415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sickle cell gene is widespread among many tribal and other general population groups in India. This disorderis recessive in nature. The heterozygous [HbAS] are absolutely asymptomatic but the homozygous [HbSS]suffer from serious complications leading to short life span. This may be due to vaso-occlusive crisis whichoccurs in HbSS patient. The present study aimed to assess the importance of CRP, WBC count, Haemoglobin,RBC and platelet count in sickle cell disease patient, measurement of these lifesaving parameters shouldbe done as routine follow up for patient with sickle cell disease to increase awareness among these patient.About 30 sickle cell patient attending sickle cell OPD run by pathology department at Shri Vasantrao NaikGovt Medical College Yavatmal are taken for the present study, their average age was 12 to 50 years. Anydiagnosed case of sickle cell disease having CBC and HPLC already done and presenting in painful crisiswere approached with a request to participate in our study. Less than 5 ml of blood is withdrawn from cubitalvein of sickle cell patient in a plane bulb for CRP estimation. In this test highest dilution of serum showingagglutination 0.6 ml/dl is taken as highly sensitiveComparison of above parameters in CRP positive and CRP negative HbSS and HbAS patients shows that thevalues of haemoglobin, RBC, WBC and Platelet are highly significant in CRP+ve HBSS patient as compareto CRP-ve HBAS pt.
{"title":"Role of ‘C’ Reactive Protein, Haemoglobin, Red Blood Cell, White Blood Cell and Platelet in Sickle Cell Disease Patients of Tribal District.","authors":"Lata Buktar, Sharad B. Mankar","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I2.1248","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle cell gene is widespread among many tribal and other general population groups in India. This disorderis recessive in nature. The heterozygous [HbAS] are absolutely asymptomatic but the homozygous [HbSS]suffer from serious complications leading to short life span. This may be due to vaso-occlusive crisis whichoccurs in HbSS patient. The present study aimed to assess the importance of CRP, WBC count, Haemoglobin,RBC and platelet count in sickle cell disease patient, measurement of these lifesaving parameters shouldbe done as routine follow up for patient with sickle cell disease to increase awareness among these patient.About 30 sickle cell patient attending sickle cell OPD run by pathology department at Shri Vasantrao NaikGovt Medical College Yavatmal are taken for the present study, their average age was 12 to 50 years. Anydiagnosed case of sickle cell disease having CBC and HPLC already done and presenting in painful crisiswere approached with a request to participate in our study. Less than 5 ml of blood is withdrawn from cubitalvein of sickle cell patient in a plane bulb for CRP estimation. In this test highest dilution of serum showingagglutination 0.6 ml/dl is taken as highly sensitiveComparison of above parameters in CRP positive and CRP negative HbSS and HbAS patients shows that thevalues of haemoglobin, RBC, WBC and Platelet are highly significant in CRP+ve HBSS patient as compareto CRP-ve HBAS pt.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":"81-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48377393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knee pain is one of the most frequent musculoskeletal problems among the middle-aged and elderly people and ‘Osteoarthritis’ is the widespread clinical pathology of the knee. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate whether low frequency Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field (PEMF) therapy is effective in patients with osteoarthritis knee using surface Electromyography (sEMG) of vastusmedialis. Method: The participants were subjected to Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy using the PULSATRON instrument designed by Madras Institute of Magnetobiology, Anna nagar. They were given PEMF therapy of 10Hz for 60 minutes/day for 21 days with a break after every 6 days. Serum PGE2 levels are measured by invitro ELISA method. Serum Prostaglandin E2 levels are estimated before and after PEMF therapy. Results: The study shows that Low frequency PEMF (10 Hz) can be used as a treatment modality for Osteoarthritis. PEMF therapy, when given for a sufficient time (21 days) has shown to reduce the inflammation by decreasing the levels of the inflammatory marker Prostaglandin E2.Serum PGE2 levels were found to be significantly decreased (p <0.001) in the study group following the Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field (PEMF) therapy.
{"title":"Prostaglandin E2 Levels in the Evaluation of Management of Osteoarthritis Using Pulsed Electromagnetic Field: An Interventional Study","authors":"S. Vishnuprasaath, B. Vijayalakshmi","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i4.1711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i4.1711","url":null,"abstract":"Knee pain is one of the most frequent musculoskeletal problems among the middle-aged and elderly people and ‘Osteoarthritis’ is the widespread clinical pathology of the knee. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate whether low frequency Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field (PEMF) therapy is effective in patients with osteoarthritis knee using surface Electromyography (sEMG) of vastusmedialis. Method: The participants were subjected to Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy using the PULSATRON instrument designed by Madras Institute of Magnetobiology, Anna nagar. They were given PEMF therapy of 10Hz for 60 minutes/day for 21 days with a break after every 6 days. Serum PGE2 levels are measured by invitro ELISA method. Serum Prostaglandin E2 levels are estimated before and after PEMF therapy. Results: The study shows that Low frequency PEMF (10 Hz) can be used as a treatment modality for Osteoarthritis. PEMF therapy, when given for a sufficient time (21 days) has shown to reduce the inflammation by decreasing the levels of the inflammatory marker Prostaglandin E2.Serum PGE2 levels were found to be significantly decreased (p <0.001) in the study group following the Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field (PEMF) therapy.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42481600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apeksha Vaishnavi Thodupunuri, Suwaibah Fatima Samer, M. A. Hassan
Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome can be broadly classified as any constellation of psychological andphysical symptoms that recur regularly in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle; remit for at least 1 weekin the follicular phase and cause distress and functional impairment. In order to be clinically significant,the symptoms should be of at least moderate intensity and cause functional impairment. Women withpremenstrual dysphoric disorder report impaired social adjustment and reduced perceived quality of life,which are at their worst during the luteal phase. Premenstrual syndrome differs from depression and physicalsymptoms such as bloating, mastalgia and headache. The most common reported psychological symptom isirritability rather than depressed mood.Materials and Method: A cross sectional study has been conducted in Bhaskar medical college from June2018 to July 2018 sponsored by ICMR,on 150 subjects .Data of 100 was collected on a 29 itemed shortenedpremenstrual assessment form based on Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. The study protocol and theQuestionnaire were presented to the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC).Results: The results obtained are Based on symptomatology, (i) Percentage of symptoms of PMS less than50% and Above 50% criteria was considered for statistical analysis.Discussion: Many women have premenstrual cyclic symptoms of psychological or physical nature andsometimes these limit their functional capacity,While PMS is linked to the luteal phase, the cause of PMSis not clear, but several factors may be involved. Changes in hormones during the menstrual cycle seem tobe an important factor.Conclusion: As PMS is becoming problem in young girls hampering their life involving physical andpsychic symptoms.
{"title":"A Study to Determine the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome in Young Females","authors":"Apeksha Vaishnavi Thodupunuri, Suwaibah Fatima Samer, M. A. Hassan","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1698","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome can be broadly classified as any constellation of psychological andphysical symptoms that recur regularly in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle; remit for at least 1 weekin the follicular phase and cause distress and functional impairment. In order to be clinically significant,the symptoms should be of at least moderate intensity and cause functional impairment. Women withpremenstrual dysphoric disorder report impaired social adjustment and reduced perceived quality of life,which are at their worst during the luteal phase. Premenstrual syndrome differs from depression and physicalsymptoms such as bloating, mastalgia and headache. The most common reported psychological symptom isirritability rather than depressed mood.Materials and Method: A cross sectional study has been conducted in Bhaskar medical college from June2018 to July 2018 sponsored by ICMR,on 150 subjects .Data of 100 was collected on a 29 itemed shortenedpremenstrual assessment form based on Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. The study protocol and theQuestionnaire were presented to the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC).Results: The results obtained are Based on symptomatology, (i) Percentage of symptoms of PMS less than50% and Above 50% criteria was considered for statistical analysis.Discussion: Many women have premenstrual cyclic symptoms of psychological or physical nature andsometimes these limit their functional capacity,While PMS is linked to the luteal phase, the cause of PMSis not clear, but several factors may be involved. Changes in hormones during the menstrual cycle seem tobe an important factor.Conclusion: As PMS is becoming problem in young girls hampering their life involving physical andpsychic symptoms.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47958600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr Sandip Patel, Dr. Arun Tyagi, Dr. Marcia Waran, Dr. Sharad Garudkar, Dr Shashank Telang
Background: Diabetes as a non-communicable disease is significant public health problem all over the world. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a disease that develops slowly and over time and only recently has it become evident that T2DM finds its presence even among the younger age groups. Therefore a cross sectional study has been conducted to evaluate and assess the risk for developing T2DM among undergraduate students using Indian Diabetes Risk Score(IDRS), a questionnaire that is simple, validated and has proven to be highly effective in previous studies. Objectives: To evaluate the risk of developing diabetes among medical students using Indian Diabetes Risk score. Method: The study included 100 MBBS students. Detailed history was taken which includes information regarding their age, family history of diabetes and exercise. Waist circumference was measured .Risk of diabetes was calculated using Indian Diabetes Risk Score. Results: Risk of developing diabetes was high in 6%, moderate in 87.3% and low in 9.7% of students. Conclusion: Risk of diabetes was present in more than 50% of medical students as assessed by Indian Diabetes Risk Score.
{"title":"Evaluation of Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Medical Students Using Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS)","authors":"Dr Sandip Patel, Dr. Arun Tyagi, Dr. Marcia Waran, Dr. Sharad Garudkar, Dr Shashank Telang","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i4.1714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i4.1714","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes as a non-communicable disease is significant public health problem all over the world. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a disease that develops slowly and over time and only recently has it become evident that T2DM finds its presence even among the younger age groups. Therefore a cross sectional study has been conducted to evaluate and assess the risk for developing T2DM among undergraduate students using Indian Diabetes Risk Score(IDRS), a questionnaire that is simple, validated and has proven to be highly effective in previous studies. Objectives: To evaluate the risk of developing diabetes among medical students using Indian Diabetes Risk score. Method: The study included 100 MBBS students. Detailed history was taken which includes information regarding their age, family history of diabetes and exercise. Waist circumference was measured .Risk of diabetes was calculated using Indian Diabetes Risk Score. Results: Risk of developing diabetes was high in 6%, moderate in 87.3% and low in 9.7% of students. Conclusion: Risk of diabetes was present in more than 50% of medical students as assessed by Indian Diabetes Risk Score.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69907962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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