Namit Garg, Hirok Chakraborty, N. Kumari, A. Choudhary
Introduction: A 1 month foundation course has been envisaged by the Board of Governors to orient the firstyear medical student to the new professional environment and help him/her to acquire some basic skills.Objectives: To assess student’s feedback on various modules of foundation course. To improve thesubsequent course.Methodology: A feedback questionnaire was provided to first year medical students before and after theone month foundation course for self assessment of their knowledge skills and confidence before and afterthe course.Result: 98.6% students participated in the study. There was significant improvement (p<0.05) in student’sperception of all the modules before and after the course.Conclusion: Encouraging feedback was obtained. Most of the students enjoyed group work, gainedknowledge and improved their skills and confidence.
{"title":"A Study on the Impact of Foundation Course on 1st Year MBBS Students (2019 Batch) at RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain","authors":"Namit Garg, Hirok Chakraborty, N. Kumari, A. Choudhary","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1706","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A 1 month foundation course has been envisaged by the Board of Governors to orient the firstyear medical student to the new professional environment and help him/her to acquire some basic skills.Objectives: To assess student’s feedback on various modules of foundation course. To improve thesubsequent course.Methodology: A feedback questionnaire was provided to first year medical students before and after theone month foundation course for self assessment of their knowledge skills and confidence before and afterthe course.Result: 98.6% students participated in the study. There was significant improvement (p<0.05) in student’sperception of all the modules before and after the course.Conclusion: Encouraging feedback was obtained. Most of the students enjoyed group work, gainedknowledge and improved their skills and confidence.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43691478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objectives: Team-based learning (TBL) is composed of pre-class self-study, readinessassessment tests individually (iRAT) followed by readiness assessment tests in the team (tRAT), and peerfeed evaluation. TBL was implemented in the course of General Embryology for the 2nd year medicalstudents at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University (FMJU), KSA, in the Male and Female Sectionsthrough the years 2015-2019. This study aims to analyze this experience in two aspects: whether it wasimplemented accurately maintain unifromity, and whether it achieved the planned outcomes.Method: TBL implementation at FMJU was calibrated against a Logic Model for TBL implementation.Data was obtained from records of students including the number of students, attendance, exam marks, andpeer feedback. Description of facilities and faculty was also included.Results: TBL components were applied; multi-disciplinary faculty was involved and an electronic examreplaced paper exam in iRAT, indicating the possibility of improvement. The student shows a high percentageof attendance, high marks in the tRAT compared to tRAT and traditional exams, and high opinion aboutparticipation in teamwork.Conclusion: We concluded that TBL implementation was successful in-process and fulfill the intendedoutcomes.
{"title":"Assessment of Learning Outcomes Using Team Based Learning","authors":"Abuzer Abdalla, S. Ali, Danish Anwer","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1719","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Team-based learning (TBL) is composed of pre-class self-study, readinessassessment tests individually (iRAT) followed by readiness assessment tests in the team (tRAT), and peerfeed evaluation. TBL was implemented in the course of General Embryology for the 2nd year medicalstudents at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University (FMJU), KSA, in the Male and Female Sectionsthrough the years 2015-2019. This study aims to analyze this experience in two aspects: whether it wasimplemented accurately maintain unifromity, and whether it achieved the planned outcomes.Method: TBL implementation at FMJU was calibrated against a Logic Model for TBL implementation.Data was obtained from records of students including the number of students, attendance, exam marks, andpeer feedback. Description of facilities and faculty was also included.Results: TBL components were applied; multi-disciplinary faculty was involved and an electronic examreplaced paper exam in iRAT, indicating the possibility of improvement. The student shows a high percentageof attendance, high marks in the tRAT compared to tRAT and traditional exams, and high opinion aboutparticipation in teamwork.Conclusion: We concluded that TBL implementation was successful in-process and fulfill the intendedoutcomes.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42460214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Information gathering and processing by human brain has always perplexed the scientificworld. Few evidenced it to be in an analog form while a second school of thought showed it to be digital.There were also a third group who believed it was neither analog nor digital but followed a special signalprocessing paradigm[1]. A small attempt has been made in this study to assess the mode of informationgrasping by human brain.Materials and Method: Two hundred and fifty undergraduate students studying first year of MBBS(Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) at Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad were selected forthe study after taking consent from institutional ethics committee. An article consisting of 110 words writtenin jumbled alphabets was selected for the study. As the average reading speed of human beings is 200 to 250words per minute, the students were instructed to read the article within half a minute and to jot down thewords not understood by them on a white sheet. At the end white sheets of all 250 students were collected.Conclusions:1. The study concludes that on a time scale human brain tries to grasp maximum information in minimumtime possible, i.e. it takes and processes the information in an analog form2. Later if needed only it digitalises the information and learns the details.3. On a temporal framework grasping the information in an analog form gives advantage to the biologicalsystem
{"title":"A Study on Information Processing by Human Brain","authors":"G. Shavali, K. Devika","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1701","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Information gathering and processing by human brain has always perplexed the scientificworld. Few evidenced it to be in an analog form while a second school of thought showed it to be digital.There were also a third group who believed it was neither analog nor digital but followed a special signalprocessing paradigm[1]. A small attempt has been made in this study to assess the mode of informationgrasping by human brain.Materials and Method: Two hundred and fifty undergraduate students studying first year of MBBS(Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) at Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad were selected forthe study after taking consent from institutional ethics committee. An article consisting of 110 words writtenin jumbled alphabets was selected for the study. As the average reading speed of human beings is 200 to 250words per minute, the students were instructed to read the article within half a minute and to jot down thewords not understood by them on a white sheet. At the end white sheets of all 250 students were collected.Conclusions:1. The study concludes that on a time scale human brain tries to grasp maximum information in minimumtime possible, i.e. it takes and processes the information in an analog form2. Later if needed only it digitalises the information and learns the details.3. On a temporal framework grasping the information in an analog form gives advantage to the biologicalsystem","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42864120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: First year medical students are the most vulnerable group to experience stress in their newenvironment in the field of medicine. The present study evaluated perceived stress among them along withits correlation with academic performance.Method: An Indian adaptation of the Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) was used to determinethe effect of stress on the academic performance of students. Responses were correlated with their respective1st professional exam marks.Results: Stress due to examinations was reported by 24.5% students and due to excess syllabus by 33%.Some students (11.8%) experienced severe stress due to relationship issues, due to unjustified gradingprocess (10.4%) and health issues. Females had more academic and group activity related stress as comparedto males. The students who participated in sports or cultural societies had higher Drive and Desire relatedstress levels in contrast to the non-participants. The interpersonal & intrapersonal relatedstress (IRS score)of students was negatively correlated with their academic performance. The increased stress among femaleparticipants was related to an improved academic performance in them.Conclusions: Too much stress negatively interfered with student’s preparation, concentration andperformance while positive stress helped student achieve peak performance.
{"title":"Sources and Severity of Stress in Various Domains among First Year Medical Students and its Relationship with their Academic Performance: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Samiksha Goyal, F. Khaliq","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1712","url":null,"abstract":"Background: First year medical students are the most vulnerable group to experience stress in their newenvironment in the field of medicine. The present study evaluated perceived stress among them along withits correlation with academic performance.Method: An Indian adaptation of the Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) was used to determinethe effect of stress on the academic performance of students. Responses were correlated with their respective1st professional exam marks.Results: Stress due to examinations was reported by 24.5% students and due to excess syllabus by 33%.Some students (11.8%) experienced severe stress due to relationship issues, due to unjustified gradingprocess (10.4%) and health issues. Females had more academic and group activity related stress as comparedto males. The students who participated in sports or cultural societies had higher Drive and Desire relatedstress levels in contrast to the non-participants. The interpersonal & intrapersonal relatedstress (IRS score)of students was negatively correlated with their academic performance. The increased stress among femaleparticipants was related to an improved academic performance in them.Conclusions: Too much stress negatively interfered with student’s preparation, concentration andperformance while positive stress helped student achieve peak performance.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43715298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims and Objectives: Use of mobile phones always raises the issue of health implications in humans.Gender differences in cognitive abilities have been reported as a neuropsychological feature for many years.So, it was planned to study the effect of electromagnetic waves (EMW) emitted from mobile phone (MP) oncognitive functions in males and females.Material and Method: The present study was conducted in 20 males and 20 female healthy subjects in theage group of 18 to 40 years using mobile phones for the last 5 years or more with per day exposure of at least30 minutes or more. Subjects with history of diseases of ear, eye and brain (neurological and psychological)or the presence of diabetes, hypertension and consumption of any drug were excluded.After explaining the whole procedure and seeking a written consent, the Trail making test A (TMT A), Trailmaking test B (TMT B) and TMT A + TMT B, Single letter cancellation test (SLC test) and the Playing cardtest (PC test) were performed before and after exposure to MP. Subjects were exposed to MP GSM Type,Samsung Model GT- N 7100, 902, MHz, SAR limit 2.0W/Kg, average power emitted 0.125 - o.25W/cm2for a period of 10 minutes. Statistical analysis was done by statistic package SPSS 20 using paired t test. Avalue of p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: TMT A time (sec) was reduced in both males and females, but significant reduction was seen infemales (< 0.05) after exposure to MP. On the contrary, on exposure to MP TMT B time (sec) was foundto be reduced significantly in males (< 0.05). But when both (TMT A + TMT B) are combined, significantreduction (< 0.05) was found in both males and females after exposure to EMW compare to pre -exposurevalue. On single letter cancellation test, time is decreased (< 0.05) in males, while score decreased (< 0.05)in female after MP use. Playing card test score was also found to be reduced (< 0.05) in males without anyeffect in female after exposure to MP.Conclusion: The cognitive functions in males and females are affected differentially by the EMW emittedfrom MP.
{"title":"Effect of Electromagnetic Waves Emitted from Mobile Phone on Cognitive Functions in Males and Females","authors":"Komal Singh, Ashita Nain","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1704","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: Use of mobile phones always raises the issue of health implications in humans.Gender differences in cognitive abilities have been reported as a neuropsychological feature for many years.So, it was planned to study the effect of electromagnetic waves (EMW) emitted from mobile phone (MP) oncognitive functions in males and females.Material and Method: The present study was conducted in 20 males and 20 female healthy subjects in theage group of 18 to 40 years using mobile phones for the last 5 years or more with per day exposure of at least30 minutes or more. Subjects with history of diseases of ear, eye and brain (neurological and psychological)or the presence of diabetes, hypertension and consumption of any drug were excluded.After explaining the whole procedure and seeking a written consent, the Trail making test A (TMT A), Trailmaking test B (TMT B) and TMT A + TMT B, Single letter cancellation test (SLC test) and the Playing cardtest (PC test) were performed before and after exposure to MP. Subjects were exposed to MP GSM Type,Samsung Model GT- N 7100, 902, MHz, SAR limit 2.0W/Kg, average power emitted 0.125 - o.25W/cm2for a period of 10 minutes. Statistical analysis was done by statistic package SPSS 20 using paired t test. Avalue of p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: TMT A time (sec) was reduced in both males and females, but significant reduction was seen infemales (< 0.05) after exposure to MP. On the contrary, on exposure to MP TMT B time (sec) was foundto be reduced significantly in males (< 0.05). But when both (TMT A + TMT B) are combined, significantreduction (< 0.05) was found in both males and females after exposure to EMW compare to pre -exposurevalue. On single letter cancellation test, time is decreased (< 0.05) in males, while score decreased (< 0.05)in female after MP use. Playing card test score was also found to be reduced (< 0.05) in males without anyeffect in female after exposure to MP.Conclusion: The cognitive functions in males and females are affected differentially by the EMW emittedfrom MP.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46752262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Tripathi, S. Saxena, Saurabh Saha, J. Saxena, Dolly Rastogi, C. Srivastava, Preeti Kanowjia
Serum total protein levels changes occur as a result of various grades of exercise intensity. The mainobjective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different grades of exercise on the serum levels ofproteins in healthy young Indian adults. Fifty six healthy students (28 each, male and female) with an agerange of 18–27 years were subjects in this study. The participants performed an exercise test of moderate tovigorous intensity on bicycle ergometer. The serum concentrations of total serum proteins were measuredby colorimetric method. The results show significantlysignificantly different and lower (9.9%) total serumprotein level after moderate exercise (7.10 ± 0.18 vs. 6.40 ± 0.14, mean difference=0.70, q=4.78, p<0.01)and higher (7.9%) after severe exercise (7.10 ± 0.18 vs. 7.72 ± 0.12, mean difference=0.61, q=4.18, p<0.05)as compared to baseline was observed. Further, the mean total serum protein level also increases (17.0%)significantly after severe exercise as compared to after moderate exercise (6.40 ± 0.14 vs. 7.72 ± 0.12, meandifference=1.31, q=8.96, p<0.001). These results support the different grades of exercise affect serum totalproteins.
{"title":"Study of Effect of Various Grades of Exercise on Serum Proteins in Healthy Young Indian Adults","authors":"T. Tripathi, S. Saxena, Saurabh Saha, J. Saxena, Dolly Rastogi, C. Srivastava, Preeti Kanowjia","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1715","url":null,"abstract":"Serum total protein levels changes occur as a result of various grades of exercise intensity. The mainobjective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different grades of exercise on the serum levels ofproteins in healthy young Indian adults. Fifty six healthy students (28 each, male and female) with an agerange of 18–27 years were subjects in this study. The participants performed an exercise test of moderate tovigorous intensity on bicycle ergometer. The serum concentrations of total serum proteins were measuredby colorimetric method. The results show significantlysignificantly different and lower (9.9%) total serumprotein level after moderate exercise (7.10 ± 0.18 vs. 6.40 ± 0.14, mean difference=0.70, q=4.78, p<0.01)and higher (7.9%) after severe exercise (7.10 ± 0.18 vs. 7.72 ± 0.12, mean difference=0.61, q=4.18, p<0.05)as compared to baseline was observed. Further, the mean total serum protein level also increases (17.0%)significantly after severe exercise as compared to after moderate exercise (6.40 ± 0.14 vs. 7.72 ± 0.12, meandifference=1.31, q=8.96, p<0.001). These results support the different grades of exercise affect serum totalproteins.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42438513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of lumbar spondylolisthesis in rheumatoid arthritis patients.A total of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been diagnosed according to the 2010 AmericanCollege of Rheumatology/European League against rheumatism classification criteria, and comparedwith 100 healthy controls. Lumbar spondylolesthesis was reported in 27% of cases and 18% of controls.Males represented 19% of cases and 22% of control group while females represented 81 % of cases and78% of controls. Among patients with spondylolesthesis, degenerative type was reported in(66.7%), whileamong controls with spondylolesthesis, the isthmic type was reported in (72.2%). The prevalence of lumbarspondylolesthesis in Rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic low back pain was significantly higher thanin controls. The prevalence of degenerative type was more common in rheumatoid arthritis patients, whilethe prevalence of isthmic type was more common in controls.
{"title":"Lumbar Spondylolisthesis in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"N. A. Jasim, Zahraa Nizar Aday, A. A. K. Fadya","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1709","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of lumbar spondylolisthesis in rheumatoid arthritis patients.A total of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been diagnosed according to the 2010 AmericanCollege of Rheumatology/European League against rheumatism classification criteria, and comparedwith 100 healthy controls. Lumbar spondylolesthesis was reported in 27% of cases and 18% of controls.Males represented 19% of cases and 22% of control group while females represented 81 % of cases and78% of controls. Among patients with spondylolesthesis, degenerative type was reported in(66.7%), whileamong controls with spondylolesthesis, the isthmic type was reported in (72.2%). The prevalence of lumbarspondylolesthesis in Rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic low back pain was significantly higher thanin controls. The prevalence of degenerative type was more common in rheumatoid arthritis patients, whilethe prevalence of isthmic type was more common in controls.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47580525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasim Alam, S. Saxena, Saurabh Saha, J. Saxena, Dolly Rastogi, C. Srivastava
Exercise is known to cause changes in electrolytes in different compartments of the body and homeostasiskeeps in check these changes. This study was planned to access and evaluate changes biochemical parameterslike Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++ along with changesin E.C.G. in healthy young Indian adults. Fifty two healthystudents (26 each, male and female) with an age range of 18–30 years were subjects in this study. Theparticipants performed an exercise test of moderate to vigorous intensity on bicycle ergometer. Pre and postexercise biochemical parameters (serum electrolytes Na+ K+ Mg++ Ca++) along with ECG was done. Theserum sodium levels in both pre & post exercise group were within normal range but serum sodium is highlysignificant in post exercise group. The serum potassium levels in both pre & post exercise group were withinnormal range but serum potassium is highly significant in post exercise group. The serum magnesium levelsin both pre & post exercise group were within normal range but serum magnesium is highly significant inpost exercise group. The serum calcium levels in both pre & post exercise group were within normal rangebut serum calcium is highly significant in post exercise group. In the ECG the voltage of p wave QRScomplex and ST segment shows highly significant/significant changes in pre and post exercise group. Theduration of ST segment, RR interval, QT interval and QTc interval change highly significantly in the pre andpost exercising group. PR interval is no change in either group.
{"title":"Correlation of Serum Electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++) and ECG Changes Before and After Exercise","authors":"Nasim Alam, S. Saxena, Saurabh Saha, J. Saxena, Dolly Rastogi, C. Srivastava","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1720","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise is known to cause changes in electrolytes in different compartments of the body and homeostasiskeeps in check these changes. This study was planned to access and evaluate changes biochemical parameterslike Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++ along with changesin E.C.G. in healthy young Indian adults. Fifty two healthystudents (26 each, male and female) with an age range of 18–30 years were subjects in this study. Theparticipants performed an exercise test of moderate to vigorous intensity on bicycle ergometer. Pre and postexercise biochemical parameters (serum electrolytes Na+ K+ Mg++ Ca++) along with ECG was done. Theserum sodium levels in both pre & post exercise group were within normal range but serum sodium is highlysignificant in post exercise group. The serum potassium levels in both pre & post exercise group were withinnormal range but serum potassium is highly significant in post exercise group. The serum magnesium levelsin both pre & post exercise group were within normal range but serum magnesium is highly significant inpost exercise group. The serum calcium levels in both pre & post exercise group were within normal rangebut serum calcium is highly significant in post exercise group. In the ECG the voltage of p wave QRScomplex and ST segment shows highly significant/significant changes in pre and post exercise group. Theduration of ST segment, RR interval, QT interval and QTc interval change highly significantly in the pre andpost exercising group. PR interval is no change in either group.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47876772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Alcohol is known to affect the immune system in diverse ways. Various studies have brought to light changes in both innate and acquired immunity in alcohol dependant subjects, making them more vulnerable to infections as compared to the general population. Objective: The current study emphasizes on the impact of alcohol on neutrophil oxidative burst mechanism and the changes in the same after a period of abstinence. Method: of the 25 alcohol dependant subjects, 21 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. SADQ questionnaire was administered to group them into mild, moderate and severely dependant. Their blood samples were collected before and after a psychosocial rehabilitation programme and studied for neutrophil oxidative burst phenomenon using nitro blue tetrazolium dye reduction test. Result: There was an increase in oxidative burst in all the subjects after the rehabilitation, however the increase was significant in mild and moderately alcohol dependant subjects. Conclusion: The impaired oxidative burst in alcohol dependant subjects may pave a way for infections. Hence an early detection of dysregulated immunity in alcohol dependant subjects may help decrease the morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"The Study of Influence of Psychosocial Rehabilitation on the Immunomodulatory Role of Alcohol Dependence, on Neutrophil Oxidative Burst Mechanism","authors":"Sanjay M. Goudar","doi":"10.37506/ijop.v8i4.1713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijop.v8i4.1713","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcohol is known to affect the immune system in diverse ways. Various studies have brought to light changes in both innate and acquired immunity in alcohol dependant subjects, making them more vulnerable to infections as compared to the general population. Objective: The current study emphasizes on the impact of alcohol on neutrophil oxidative burst mechanism and the changes in the same after a period of abstinence. Method: of the 25 alcohol dependant subjects, 21 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. SADQ questionnaire was administered to group them into mild, moderate and severely dependant. Their blood samples were collected before and after a psychosocial rehabilitation programme and studied for neutrophil oxidative burst phenomenon using nitro blue tetrazolium dye reduction test. Result: There was an increase in oxidative burst in all the subjects after the rehabilitation, however the increase was significant in mild and moderately alcohol dependant subjects. Conclusion: The impaired oxidative burst in alcohol dependant subjects may pave a way for infections. Hence an early detection of dysregulated immunity in alcohol dependant subjects may help decrease the morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42744172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Anemia is the common health problem in the developing and developed world and vulnerablegroups are pregnant mother, adolescent girls and children. Iron deficiency anaemia exhibits the icebergphenomenon of the disease.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anemia, socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits andsome risk factors associations with anemia.Materials and Method: The present hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Maternity andChildren Hospital. A total of 233 pregnant women aged between 18-42 years’ age group people were selectedand a structured self-administered questionnaire submitted to all eligible pregnant women and hemoglobinestimation report was taken from the lab record. Data cleaned and entered in Statistical Package for SocialSciences (SPSS) 21.0 Version. Necessary statistical tests like simple proportions and chi square tests wereapplied.Results: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 29.3% in Buraidah city. Prevalence of anemiaincreases with increasing parity and prevalence of anemia among parity >3 was 35.7%. high prevalence ofspacing of > 3 years was observed in 37-42 years’ age group. In the study population, 12.5% were givinganemia history, 10.2% were thyroid problems. About 44.7% were taking iron supplements regularly.Conclusions: Based on the study results, the prevalence of anemia was not very high comparatively toother studies conducted in the kingdom. There was no severe anaemia people in our study. Among pregnantwomen, there is a need to strengthen about the anemia awareness, periodical screening from the adolescentage group, regular intake of iron supplements during pregnancy,
{"title":"Prevalence of Anemia among Pregnant Women in Maternity and Children Hospital at Buraidah City","authors":"Ibtisam Alrasheedi, Kholud Alrasheedi, K. Sekhar","doi":"10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJOP.V8I4.1702","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anemia is the common health problem in the developing and developed world and vulnerablegroups are pregnant mother, adolescent girls and children. Iron deficiency anaemia exhibits the icebergphenomenon of the disease.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anemia, socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits andsome risk factors associations with anemia.Materials and Method: The present hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Maternity andChildren Hospital. A total of 233 pregnant women aged between 18-42 years’ age group people were selectedand a structured self-administered questionnaire submitted to all eligible pregnant women and hemoglobinestimation report was taken from the lab record. Data cleaned and entered in Statistical Package for SocialSciences (SPSS) 21.0 Version. Necessary statistical tests like simple proportions and chi square tests wereapplied.Results: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 29.3% in Buraidah city. Prevalence of anemiaincreases with increasing parity and prevalence of anemia among parity >3 was 35.7%. high prevalence ofspacing of > 3 years was observed in 37-42 years’ age group. In the study population, 12.5% were givinganemia history, 10.2% were thyroid problems. About 44.7% were taking iron supplements regularly.Conclusions: Based on the study results, the prevalence of anemia was not very high comparatively toother studies conducted in the kingdom. There was no severe anaemia people in our study. Among pregnantwomen, there is a need to strengthen about the anemia awareness, periodical screening from the adolescentage group, regular intake of iron supplements during pregnancy,","PeriodicalId":92916,"journal":{"name":"International journal of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44432180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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