Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/132-139
S. Tleukenova, Helena A. Gavrilkova, A. Madieva, Andrey Nikolaevich Matveev, A. Aitymov
The study of the hydration and water-retaining capacity of plant leaves is important for assessing the possibility of their cultivation and mass use in green construction in the arid conditions of Kazakhstan. This article examines the issues of hydration and water-retaining capacity of the leaves of the valuable ornamental culture Catalpa speciosa in the conditions of the cities of Karaganda and Zhezkazgan. The indicators of hydration and weight loss during drying for 1, 3 and 6 hours were studied by leaves of plants of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of vegetation from May to August. It was found that the leaves of Catalpa speciosa in the conditions of the city of Karaganda had higher indicators of hydration and water-holding capacity than in the city of Zhezkazgan. The maximum values of moisture loss during drying were noted for plants of the 1st year of vegetation, the minimum values for individuals of the 3rd year. By the months of the vegetative season, the leaves lose free water as much as possible in the conditions of Karaganda in June, for Zhezkazgan in June and July; minimal moisture losses were noted for both cities — in August. Thus, critical points of water exchange intensity were identified in June and July, which require intensification of irrigation in these months. More active watering must be organized for plants in the 1st year of development. In general, good indicators of the water-holding capacity of Catalpa speciosa leaves have been established, which indicates the possibility of active use of this crop in the green construction of arid territories of Central Kazakhstan.
{"title":"Catalpa speciosa water-holding capacity study in Karaganda and Zhezkazgan","authors":"S. Tleukenova, Helena A. Gavrilkova, A. Madieva, Andrey Nikolaevich Matveev, A. Aitymov","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/132-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/132-139","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the hydration and water-retaining capacity of plant leaves is important for assessing the possibility of their cultivation and mass use in green construction in the arid conditions of Kazakhstan. This article examines the issues of hydration and water-retaining capacity of the leaves of the valuable ornamental culture Catalpa speciosa in the conditions of the cities of Karaganda and Zhezkazgan. The indicators of hydration and weight loss during drying for 1, 3 and 6 hours were studied by leaves of plants of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of vegetation from May to August. It was found that the leaves of Catalpa speciosa in the conditions of the city of Karaganda had higher indicators of hydration and water-holding capacity than in the city of Zhezkazgan. The maximum values of moisture loss during drying were noted for plants of the 1st year of vegetation, the minimum values for individuals of the 3rd year. By the months of the vegetative season, the leaves lose free water as much as possible in the conditions of Karaganda in June, for Zhezkazgan in June and July; minimal moisture losses were noted for both cities — in August. Thus, critical points of water exchange intensity were identified in June and July, which require intensification of irrigation in these months. More active watering must be organized for plants in the 1st year of development. In general, good indicators of the water-holding capacity of Catalpa speciosa leaves have been established, which indicates the possibility of active use of this crop in the green construction of arid territories of Central Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89415037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of studies conducted in 2021 in some areas of the southern macroslope of the Tarbagatai Ridge, which are part of the Tarbagatai State National Natural Park, are presented. The purpose of the work is to identify the species composition of hoverflies in the national park and study their ecological characteristics. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods in entomology. The work was carried out on 2 sites located in the mid-mountain altitudinal landscape zone and 1 — in the small hills (the southern spur of the main ridge). 37 species of hoverflies belonging to 20 genera of 10 tribes of 3 subfamilies were identified. The local hoverfly fauna is heterogeneous both within one belt (middle mountains) and between belts (middle mountains/small hills). The similarity of faunas in the first case is 21.4%, in the second — 10.8%. Hoverflies were found on flowers of plants of 7 families: Brassicaceae, Rosaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Lamiaceae. The largest number of fly species was found on the family Apiaceae – 73.1%. In addition to flowering plants, a significant number of fly species (39.3%) were noted in other habitats, such as non-flowering plants and vegetative parts of flowering plants, on the ground, at a watering place, etc. The distribution and ratio of syrphid species depending on the food specialization of the larval phase were traced. Entomophagous dominate in all areas, represented mainly by species of the tribe Syrphini. The novelty of this work is due to the fact that hoverflies have not been studied in the Tarbagatai Ridge so far. The research results are significantly different from the data obtained by the author earlier in the Northern Tien Shan and the Dzungarian Alatau. Thus, it points out the great peculiarity of the ecological features of the local fauna of the syrphidflies of the region.
{"title":"On the fauna and ecology of hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of the Tarbagatai Ridge (Eastern Kazakhstan)","authors":"Boris Vasiljevich Zlatanov","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/51-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/51-59","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studies conducted in 2021 in some areas of the southern macroslope of the Tarbagatai Ridge, which are part of the Tarbagatai State National Natural Park, are presented. The purpose of the work is to identify the species composition of hoverflies in the national park and study their ecological characteristics. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods in entomology. The work was carried out on 2 sites located in the mid-mountain altitudinal landscape zone and 1 — in the small hills (the southern spur of the main ridge). 37 species of hoverflies belonging to 20 genera of 10 tribes of 3 subfamilies were identified. The local hoverfly fauna is heterogeneous both within one belt (middle mountains) and between belts (middle mountains/small hills). The similarity of faunas in the first case is 21.4%, in the second — 10.8%. Hoverflies were found on flowers of plants of 7 families: Brassicaceae, Rosaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Lamiaceae. The largest number of fly species was found on the family Apiaceae – 73.1%. In addition to flowering plants, a significant number of fly species (39.3%) were noted in other habitats, such as non-flowering plants and vegetative parts of flowering plants, on the ground, at a watering place, etc. The distribution and ratio of syrphid species depending on the food specialization of the larval phase were traced. Entomophagous dominate in all areas, represented mainly by species of the tribe Syrphini. The novelty of this work is due to the fact that hoverflies have not been studied in the Tarbagatai Ridge so far. The research results are significantly different from the data obtained by the author earlier in the Northern Tien Shan and the Dzungarian Alatau. Thus, it points out the great peculiarity of the ecological features of the local fauna of the syrphidflies of the region.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"13 Suppl 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88867104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, the study of drugs as pollutants in the country is gaining momentum. This is because the country does not use special wastewater treatment devices for pharmaceuticals. They enter the environment in different ways. Therefore, research on biotesting drugs in living organisms is underway. The article presents the results of experiments conducted to assess the effect of paracetamol, azithromycin, suprastin on the number and biomass of Chlorella sp algae. Chlorella sp algae are a widely used organism for biotesting. Among the above drugs in the study, paracetamol had a negative effect on the number and biomass of algae. The minimum harmful concentration of paracetamol for chlorella was 5 mg/L, the minimum harmful concentration of azithromycin for chlorella was 200 mg/L, the minimum harmful concentration of chlorella suprastin was 8 mg/L. When comparing the effect of paracetamol, azithromycin, suprastin on the number of green algae Chlorella sp, it was observed that paracetamol had the highest effect. Concentration of paracetamol 10 mg/L brought the number of chlorella close to 0. High concentrations of paracetamol and suprastinin the biomass of chlorella showed contamination of the environment.
{"title":"Biotesting of Chlorella sp algae for certain medicinal drugs","authors":"A. Zadagali, A. Zhamangara","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/39-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/39-50","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the study of drugs as pollutants in the country is gaining momentum. This is because the country does not use special wastewater treatment devices for pharmaceuticals. They enter the environment in different ways. Therefore, research on biotesting drugs in living organisms is underway. The article presents the results of experiments conducted to assess the effect of paracetamol, azithromycin, suprastin on the number and biomass of Chlorella sp algae. Chlorella sp algae are a widely used organism for biotesting. Among the above drugs in the study, paracetamol had a negative effect on the number and biomass of algae. The minimum harmful concentration of paracetamol for chlorella was 5 mg/L, the minimum harmful concentration of azithromycin for chlorella was 200 mg/L, the minimum harmful concentration of chlorella suprastin was 8 mg/L. When comparing the effect of paracetamol, azithromycin, suprastin on the number of green algae Chlorella sp, it was observed that paracetamol had the highest effect. Concentration of paracetamol 10 mg/L brought the number of chlorella close to 0. High concentrations of paracetamol and suprastinin the biomass of chlorella showed contamination of the environment.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86574828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/107-117
Tatiana Sergeevna Ponomareva, E. Polivkina, R. Kenzhebaev, L.A. Nemytova, E. S. Sysoeva, Aksana Romanovna Ivanova
Under conditions of a simulated pot experiment in the case of salad (Lactuca sativa), quantitative parameters of Cs-137 and Sr-90 (Tf) accumulation by plants on soils from the former Semipalatinsk Test Site territory were obtained. The variation range of Tf values derived for soil samples from different STS areas was 2 orders of magnitude for Cs-137 and 1 order of magnitude for Sr-90. Using nonparametric statistical analytical techniques, determinants of the transfer of Cs-137 and Sr-90from soil to plants for STS soils with various natures of radioactive contamination were identified. The content of biologically available species of radionuclides has a significant effect on the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90by salad. Values derived for Kendall correlation coefficients showed a complete functional dependence (r=1, n=4, p<0,05) between accumulation parameters and the content of biologically available species of Cs-137 and Sr-90in soil from radioactively contaminated test site areas. The use of partial correlation coefficients allowed identification of key soil contributors to the content of available speciation and, respectively, the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90by the experimental crop: for 137Cs, the common content of K (rxy-z = -0,81); for Sr-90 — the common content of Ca (r xy-z = — 0,64). Findings reveal the main mechanisms of Cs-137 and Sr-90transfer from soil to plants, which are of great practical importance in the radio ecological monitoring and planning of rehabilitation measures taken in radioactively contaminated STS areas as well as in areas impacted by nuclear fuel cycle facilities (NFC) located under similar soil and climatic conditions.
{"title":"Accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90 by lettuce culture from radioactively contaminated soils of the former Semipalatinsk test site","authors":"Tatiana Sergeevna Ponomareva, E. Polivkina, R. Kenzhebaev, L.A. Nemytova, E. S. Sysoeva, Aksana Romanovna Ivanova","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/107-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/107-117","url":null,"abstract":"Under conditions of a simulated pot experiment in the case of salad (Lactuca sativa), quantitative parameters of Cs-137 and Sr-90 (Tf) accumulation by plants on soils from the former Semipalatinsk Test Site territory were obtained. The variation range of Tf values derived for soil samples from different STS areas was 2 orders of magnitude for Cs-137 and 1 order of magnitude for Sr-90. Using nonparametric statistical analytical techniques, determinants of the transfer of Cs-137 and Sr-90from soil to plants for STS soils with various natures of radioactive contamination were identified. The content of biologically available species of radionuclides has a significant effect on the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90by salad. Values derived for Kendall correlation coefficients showed a complete functional dependence (r=1, n=4, p<0,05) between accumulation parameters and the content of biologically available species of Cs-137 and Sr-90in soil from radioactively contaminated test site areas. The use of partial correlation coefficients allowed identification of key soil contributors to the content of available speciation and, respectively, the accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90by the experimental crop: for 137Cs, the common content of K (rxy-z = -0,81); for Sr-90 — the common content of Ca (r xy-z = — 0,64). Findings reveal the main mechanisms of Cs-137 and Sr-90transfer from soil to plants, which are of great practical importance in the radio ecological monitoring and planning of rehabilitation measures taken in radioactively contaminated STS areas as well as in areas impacted by nuclear fuel cycle facilities (NFC) located under similar soil and climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77232592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Mustafin, N. Bisko, A. Kalieva, Z. Narmuratova, A. Zhakipbekova, Z. Saduyeva
This article presents studies aimed at searching among the collection cultures of medicinal Ganoderma and Trametes fungal strains that are the most active in terms of growth rate and accumulation of biomass on nutrient media of various compositions. 27 strains of the genus G. lucidum of different geographical origins and 29 strains of the genus Trametes (Fr.) from the collection of mushrooms of the N.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine were studied. The radial growth rate of vegetative mycelium of the studied strains and their cultural and morphological features of growth on different nutrient media were examined. Certain differences were established between G. lucidum and T. versicolor fungal strains in terms of the level of biomass accumulation on media with different carbon and nitrogen sources. All the studied strains are able to grow at different carbon and nitrogen sources. The use of variance analysis of two-factor experience made it possible to detail the influence of nutrient sources, biological characteristics of strains, or their interaction on biomass biosynthesis. Based on the study of the cultural and morphological features of mycelial colonies, the radial growth rate of vegetative mycelium, the level of biomass accumulation on six types of liquid nutrient media it was found that the most productive strains in terms of biomass accumulation were T. versicolor 353 and G. lucidum 1621, which were selected for further research.
{"title":"Screening of fungi of the genus Ganoderma and Trametes by the level of biomass synthesis under conditions of deep cultivation","authors":"K. Mustafin, N. Bisko, A. Kalieva, Z. Narmuratova, A. Zhakipbekova, Z. Saduyeva","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/83-94","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents studies aimed at searching among the collection cultures of medicinal Ganoderma and Trametes fungal strains that are the most active in terms of growth rate and accumulation of biomass on nutrient media of various compositions. 27 strains of the genus G. lucidum of different geographical origins and 29 strains of the genus Trametes (Fr.) from the collection of mushrooms of the N.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine were studied. The radial growth rate of vegetative mycelium of the studied strains and their cultural and morphological features of growth on different nutrient media were examined. Certain differences were established between G. lucidum and T. versicolor fungal strains in terms of the level of biomass accumulation on media with different carbon and nitrogen sources. All the studied strains are able to grow at different carbon and nitrogen sources. The use of variance analysis of two-factor experience made it possible to detail the influence of nutrient sources, biological characteristics of strains, or their interaction on biomass biosynthesis. Based on the study of the cultural and morphological features of mycelial colonies, the radial growth rate of vegetative mycelium, the level of biomass accumulation on six types of liquid nutrient media it was found that the most productive strains in terms of biomass accumulation were T. versicolor 353 and G. lucidum 1621, which were selected for further research.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90957401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg3/136-142
Kuralay Arystambaikyzy Tuleshova, A. Kali, D. K. Kyzdarova, Ernar Kuatovich Keikin
Bioindication using morphological indicators of plant leaves is an urgent direction for a quick and inexpensive assessment of environmental pollution. Karaganda region is an industrial region with a high level of emissions due to the activities of mining and metallurgical enterprises. The purpose of this paper to study the morphometric indicators of Pinus sylvestris needles collected in various places of growth in the Karaganda region (Central Kazakhstan): the cities of Karaganda, Temirtau, Satpayev, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan, Ulytau village. This article presents the study results of morphometric indicators of pine needles with an assessment of the appearance, length, width, thickness of needles, and average rotation around its own axis. It is found that in more contaminated areas, minimum values of sheet length and width, maximum values of average rotation around the axis, and the coefficient of variation of features are observed. Maximum values of sheet length and width, minimum degree of variation of studied features are noted in low-polluted areas. The thickness of the sheet does not reveal a reliable difference in the variants of the experience. The obtained data can be used for bioindication of environmental pollution.
{"title":"Study of morphological variability of Pinus sylvestris leaves collected in the Karaganda region","authors":"Kuralay Arystambaikyzy Tuleshova, A. Kali, D. K. Kyzdarova, Ernar Kuatovich Keikin","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg3/136-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg3/136-142","url":null,"abstract":"Bioindication using morphological indicators of plant leaves is an urgent direction for a quick and inexpensive assessment of environmental pollution. Karaganda region is an industrial region with a high level of emissions due to the activities of mining and metallurgical enterprises. The purpose of this paper to study the morphometric indicators of Pinus sylvestris needles collected in various places of growth in the Karaganda region (Central Kazakhstan): the cities of Karaganda, Temirtau, Satpayev, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan, Ulytau village. This article presents the study results of morphometric indicators of pine needles with an assessment of the appearance, length, width, thickness of needles, and average rotation around its own axis. It is found that in more contaminated areas, minimum values of sheet length and width, maximum values of average rotation around the axis, and the coefficient of variation of features are observed. Maximum values of sheet length and width, minimum degree of variation of studied features are noted in low-polluted areas. The thickness of the sheet does not reveal a reliable difference in the variants of the experience. The obtained data can be used for bioindication of environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79874301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg3/143-150
Bauyrzhan Alpysbayuly Turalin, A. Kupriyanov, N. Kurbatova, Z. Inelova, M. S. Kurmanbaeva, K. Abidkulova, A. A. Bazargalieva, G. Admanova, Asel Zhumagulovna Childibayeva
The morphology of root systems is paramount for a scientifically sound strategy for the conservation of rare and endangered plants. The morphology of the root system of Crambe tataria Sebeók, a rare and endangered plant listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan, growing on the chalk hills of the Poduralsky Plateau in the valley of the Uilriver, was studied. Root systems were studied by the method of I.O. Baitulin separately for each age condition. At the first stages of its development, the root system develops ahead of time. In the immature state, a long rod-like low-branched root is formed, reaching 40 cm deep. In the virginal state, the roots reach a depth of 100–150 cm, have a diameter at the base of the socket 2–2.5(3) cm. According to the classification of root systems in adults, the root system is ombrophytic, it does not reach the groundwater level. The depth of penetration into the ground is average (up to 4 m). The spread of lateral roots is drooping or semi-drooping — the roots are directed downward at an angle of 45°. According to the density of branching of lateral roots (the ratio of the number of lateral roots of the first order to the length of the main root (pcs/cm) is rare (0.1–0.5 pcs/cm) or weak 0.2–1.0 pcs/cm), the root system is rare and weakly branching.
{"title":"Features of the formation of the root system of Crambe tataria Sebeόk in Western Kazakhstan","authors":"Bauyrzhan Alpysbayuly Turalin, A. Kupriyanov, N. Kurbatova, Z. Inelova, M. S. Kurmanbaeva, K. Abidkulova, A. A. Bazargalieva, G. Admanova, Asel Zhumagulovna Childibayeva","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg3/143-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg3/143-150","url":null,"abstract":"The morphology of root systems is paramount for a scientifically sound strategy for the conservation of rare and endangered plants. The morphology of the root system of Crambe tataria Sebeók, a rare and endangered plant listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan, growing on the chalk hills of the Poduralsky Plateau in the valley of the Uilriver, was studied. Root systems were studied by the method of I.O. Baitulin separately for each age condition. At the first stages of its development, the root system develops ahead of time. In the immature state, a long rod-like low-branched root is formed, reaching 40 cm deep. In the virginal state, the roots reach a depth of 100–150 cm, have a diameter at the base of the socket 2–2.5(3) cm. According to the classification of root systems in adults, the root system is ombrophytic, it does not reach the groundwater level. The depth of penetration into the ground is average (up to 4 m). The spread of lateral roots is drooping or semi-drooping — the roots are directed downward at an angle of 45°. According to the density of branching of lateral roots (the ratio of the number of lateral roots of the first order to the length of the main root (pcs/cm) is rare (0.1–0.5 pcs/cm) or weak 0.2–1.0 pcs/cm), the root system is rare and weakly branching.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88747136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg3/185-196
A.M. Ziyasheva, Gulnar Kubenovna Datkhatbayeva
The article is devoted to the evaluation of prospects of applying the technology of self-regulation of the brain functional state by means of biofeedback using EEG parameters (Neurofeedback) in the obesity treatment — chronic disease, the prevalence of which has reached the scale of a global epidemic. It serves as a serious risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, certain types of cancer, type II diabetes, as well as other chronic noncommunicable and infectious diseases, including severe COVID-19 and its complications. The essence of biofeedback technology is constituted in training the subject’s ability to voluntary control certain physiological parameters of own body to bring them to optimal scores which correspond to the healthy functioning of the body for improving health and performance. The development of self-regulation ability through biofeedback is based on the precise instrumental measurements of physiological activity indicators, such as brain activity, the activity of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, muscle activity, and skin temperature. The article provides a neurobiological justification of the expediency and effectiveness of neurofeedback in the obesity treatment; highlights the protocols used for the biofeedback therapy of obesity and associated disturbances of eating behavior; emphasizes the importance of neurofeedback therapy for optimizing brain activity patterns by voluntary neuromodulation, restoring the neurodynamic balance of regulatory systems for driving the subject into a stable state of calm and psychological comfort without resorting to unhealthy food.
{"title":"Evaluation of the potential of Neurofeedback for the obesity treatment according to the literature data","authors":"A.M. Ziyasheva, Gulnar Kubenovna Datkhatbayeva","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg3/185-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg3/185-196","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the evaluation of prospects of applying the technology of self-regulation of the brain functional state by means of biofeedback using EEG parameters (Neurofeedback) in the obesity treatment — chronic disease, the prevalence of which has reached the scale of a global epidemic. It serves as a serious risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, certain types of cancer, type II diabetes, as well as other chronic noncommunicable and infectious diseases, including severe COVID-19 and its complications. The essence of biofeedback technology is constituted in training the subject’s ability to voluntary control certain physiological parameters of own body to bring them to optimal scores which correspond to the healthy functioning of the body for improving health and performance. The development of self-regulation ability through biofeedback is based on the precise instrumental measurements of physiological activity indicators, such as brain activity, the activity of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, muscle activity, and skin temperature. The article provides a neurobiological justification of the expediency and effectiveness of neurofeedback in the obesity treatment; highlights the protocols used for the biofeedback therapy of obesity and associated disturbances of eating behavior; emphasizes the importance of neurofeedback therapy for optimizing brain activity patterns by voluntary neuromodulation, restoring the neurodynamic balance of regulatory systems for driving the subject into a stable state of calm and psychological comfort without resorting to unhealthy food.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91221084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meruyert Zhanatovna Akhmetova, R. Nigmatullina, D. E. Tsyplakov, Farida Anvarovna Mindubaуeva, G. Tykezhanova
In recent years, studies of serotonin in physiological and pathological processes of the body have widely discussed its role as a link in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and coronary heart disease. In the embryonic period, serotonin acts as a growth factor and plays an important regulatory role in the decisive period of embryo development, particularly, in the development of the heart. This research aims to study the influence of serotonin on the temporal parameters of contraction of the myocardium of the right ventricle in the newborn pups with a blockade of serotonin synthesis and membrane transporter in the embryonic period of ontogenesis. Thus, these studies have shown that the response of cardiomyocytes to serotonin is statistically higher in the group with excess serotonin and lower in the group with serotonin deficiency compared to the control group. The article also presents data indicating the change in serotonin concentration, which was created by the blockade of serotonin synthesis and the membrane transporter of serotonin in the embryonic period of ontogenesis, which results in morphological changes in the myocardium in early postnatal ontogenesi.
{"title":"Effect of different serotonin concentrations on the inotropic function and morphometric parameters of the heart of infant rats","authors":"Meruyert Zhanatovna Akhmetova, R. Nigmatullina, D. E. Tsyplakov, Farida Anvarovna Mindubaуeva, G. Tykezhanova","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg3/16-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg3/16-23","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, studies of serotonin in physiological and pathological processes of the body have widely discussed its role as a link in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and coronary heart disease. In the embryonic period, serotonin acts as a growth factor and plays an important regulatory role in the decisive period of embryo development, particularly, in the development of the heart. This research aims to study the influence of serotonin on the temporal parameters of contraction of the myocardium of the right ventricle in the newborn pups with a blockade of serotonin synthesis and membrane transporter in the embryonic period of ontogenesis. Thus, these studies have shown that the response of cardiomyocytes to serotonin is statistically higher in the group with excess serotonin and lower in the group with serotonin deficiency compared to the control group. The article also presents data indicating the change in serotonin concentration, which was created by the blockade of serotonin synthesis and the membrane transporter of serotonin in the embryonic period of ontogenesis, which results in morphological changes in the myocardium in early postnatal ontogenesi.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76758489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In vitro biotechnologies are widely used to preserve biodiversity and produce high quality planting material. The main problem that hinders the development of micropropagation for nut crops is their low ability to in vitro root formation and the long period of plant adaptation when transferred to a soil substrate. The aseptic shoots of varieties and wild forms of Juglans regia L. and Corylus avellana L. in vitro micropropagated are used as plant material for this study. A comparison was made between two methods of in vitro rooting. For walnut, the use of a two-stage rooting method on Murashige-Skoog agar medium with high concentrations of indolyl 3 butyric acid (10 mg/l) and sucrose (60 g/l) (method I) made it possible to obtain an average of 68.6 % of rooted plants. The second rooting method, replacing agar with vermiculite, proved to be the most effective for hazelnut, with 91.3 % of Corylus avellana shoots rooting in vitro. The adaptation of hazelnut plants to the conditions of the greenhouse was successful, 91.8 % of the plants continued their development. In walnut, 28.6 % of plants adapted to the soil substrate.
{"title":"Development of rooting method for Juglans regia L. and Corylus avellana L. in vitro shoots","authors":"Moldir Aralbayeva, N. Mikhaylenko, S. Kushnarenko","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg3/24-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg3/24-32","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro biotechnologies are widely used to preserve biodiversity and produce high quality planting material. The main problem that hinders the development of micropropagation for nut crops is their low ability to in vitro root formation and the long period of plant adaptation when transferred to a soil substrate. The aseptic shoots of varieties and wild forms of Juglans regia L. and Corylus avellana L. in vitro micropropagated are used as plant material for this study. A comparison was made between two methods of in vitro rooting. For walnut, the use of a two-stage rooting method on Murashige-Skoog agar medium with high concentrations of indolyl 3 butyric acid (10 mg/l) and sucrose (60 g/l) (method I) made it possible to obtain an average of 68.6 % of rooted plants. The second rooting method, replacing agar with vermiculite, proved to be the most effective for hazelnut, with 91.3 % of Corylus avellana shoots rooting in vitro. The adaptation of hazelnut plants to the conditions of the greenhouse was successful, 91.8 % of the plants continued their development. In walnut, 28.6 % of plants adapted to the soil substrate.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75778706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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