Pub Date : 2022-07-25DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3193584
Navid Rasekh;Jun Wang;Xibo Yuan
This paper presents an in-situ measurement method to accurately characterize the winding loss in high-frequency (HF) transformers, which is challenging to quantify in power electronics applications. This approach adapts the reactive voltage cancellation concept to measure the complete winding loss in HF transformers with the presence of the magnetic core and the load on the secondary side, while this concept was originally brought up for core loss measurement. As an in-situ method, the proposed testing method can factor in the non-linear winding loss elements impacted by the magnetic field interaction between the windings and the core under the large-signal operation, which are not properly assessed in existing approaches. The presented method significantly reduces the sensitivity of the measurement errors linked to the probe phase discrepancy, since the resistive winding loss is well separated out from the core loss. The acquired experimental results are compared and verified with other common empirical measurement methods and three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA). As the finding, the measured winding AC resistance is found to be correlated with the load level. Furthermore, treating the complex winding loss and core loss as a black-box problem, this paper proposes a “total loss map” as an engineering solution to practically distribute the measured loss data of magnetic components to the end-users to enable quick and accurate loss estimation/modelling.
{"title":"In-Situ Measurement and Investigation of Winding Loss in High-Frequency Cored Transformers Under Large-Signal Condition","authors":"Navid Rasekh;Jun Wang;Xibo Yuan","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3193584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3193584","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an in-situ measurement method to accurately characterize the winding loss in high-frequency (HF) transformers, which is challenging to quantify in power electronics applications. This approach adapts the reactive voltage cancellation concept to measure the complete winding loss in HF transformers with the presence of the magnetic core and the load on the secondary side, while this concept was originally brought up for core loss measurement. As an in-situ method, the proposed testing method can factor in the non-linear winding loss elements impacted by the magnetic field interaction between the windings and the core under the large-signal operation, which are not properly assessed in existing approaches. The presented method significantly reduces the sensitivity of the measurement errors linked to the probe phase discrepancy, since the resistive winding loss is well separated out from the core loss. The acquired experimental results are compared and verified with other common empirical measurement methods and three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA). As the finding, the measured winding AC resistance is found to be correlated with the load level. Furthermore, treating the complex winding loss and core loss as a black-box problem, this paper proposes a “total loss map” as an engineering solution to practically distribute the measured loss data of magnetic components to the end-users to enable quick and accurate loss estimation/modelling.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"164-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09839507.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3192565
Ayman Al Zawaideh;Khalifa Al Hosani;Igor Boiko;Mohammad Luai Hammadih
Compressors operating in parallel are widely used in compressor stations on natural gas pipelines to address the required flow demands. This paper presents a design of a new control structure and a load sharing optimal adaptive controller for multiple compressors connected in parallel and equipped with variable speed drives. The load sharing optimization (LSO) controller computes the split factor to distribute the flow among the compressors which depends on the current operating conditions, with the optimization's objective being to minimize the total energy consumption. In addition, the compressor maps are continuously updated to account for any changes due to external and untraceable factors resulting in an enhancement of the LSO. The presented control structure includes a common single controller for parallel compressors, which eliminates the need for loop-decoupling. Thus, ensuring a better stability and a faster dynamics with respect to the flow or pressure process variable. The proposed control structure and the adaptive LSO performance is evaluated through simulations and a lab hardware setup. The results show an improvement of more than 4% in the total energy consumption compared to an equal load sharing scheme and more than 2.5% compared to the equal distance to surge industrial scheme. This efficiency improvement leads to significant energy cost saving over large periods of time.
{"title":"Minimum Energy Adaptive Load Sharing of Parallel Operated Compressors","authors":"Ayman Al Zawaideh;Khalifa Al Hosani;Igor Boiko;Mohammad Luai Hammadih","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3192565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3192565","url":null,"abstract":"Compressors operating in parallel are widely used in compressor stations on natural gas pipelines to address the required flow demands. This paper presents a design of a new control structure and a load sharing optimal adaptive controller for multiple compressors connected in parallel and equipped with variable speed drives. The load sharing optimization (LSO) controller computes the split factor to distribute the flow among the compressors which depends on the current operating conditions, with the optimization's objective being to minimize the total energy consumption. In addition, the compressor maps are continuously updated to account for any changes due to external and untraceable factors resulting in an enhancement of the LSO. The presented control structure includes a common single controller for parallel compressors, which eliminates the need for loop-decoupling. Thus, ensuring a better stability and a faster dynamics with respect to the flow or pressure process variable. The proposed control structure and the adaptive LSO performance is evaluated through simulations and a lab hardware setup. The results show an improvement of more than 4% in the total energy consumption compared to an equal load sharing scheme and more than 2.5% compared to the equal distance to surge industrial scheme. This efficiency improvement leads to significant energy cost saving over large periods of time.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"178-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09834116.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-19DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3192313
Bikrant Poudel;Ebrahim Amiri;Parviz Rastgoufard
Cogging torque causes major operational setbacks for Permanent Magnet (PM) machine operation, particularly in applications where a quiet performance is desired. This paper presents a heuristic optimization framework to optimize the cogging torque in Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet (SPM) machines consisting of a hybrid magnetic structure (i.e., rare-earth and ferrite magnets). To avoid excessive computational time and volume associated with Finite Element (FE)-based optimization solutions, analytical approach is paired up with the optimization algorithm to determine the optimal design while FE is utilized for verification and validation purposes. First, analytical expressions are established for individual objective functions (i.e., airgap PM flux distribution, and cogging torque), and their corresponding spatial harmonics are identified using the air-gap field modulation theory. Next, the presented analytical model is utilized to optimize the system (i.e., minimize the cogging torque) to the desired target level via two different solutions (i.e., Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)), and their respective performance are compared. To determine the efficacy of the presented solutions, the optimal hybrid machine response is compared against the baseline structure.
{"title":"Analytical Investigation and Heuristic Optimization of Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Machines With Hybrid Magnetic Structure","authors":"Bikrant Poudel;Ebrahim Amiri;Parviz Rastgoufard","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3192313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3192313","url":null,"abstract":"Cogging torque causes major operational setbacks for Permanent Magnet (PM) machine operation, particularly in applications where a quiet performance is desired. This paper presents a heuristic optimization framework to optimize the cogging torque in Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet (SPM) machines consisting of a hybrid magnetic structure (i.e., rare-earth and ferrite magnets). To avoid excessive computational time and volume associated with Finite Element (FE)-based optimization solutions, analytical approach is paired up with the optimization algorithm to determine the optimal design while FE is utilized for verification and validation purposes. First, analytical expressions are established for individual objective functions (i.e., airgap PM flux distribution, and cogging torque), and their corresponding spatial harmonics are identified using the air-gap field modulation theory. Next, the presented analytical model is utilized to optimize the system (i.e., minimize the cogging torque) to the desired target level via two different solutions (i.e., Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)), and their respective performance are compared. To determine the efficacy of the presented solutions, the optimal hybrid machine response is compared against the baseline structure.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"152-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09833259.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-14DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3190905
Anant K Singh;Ramakrishnan Raja;Tomy Sebastian;Kaushik Rajashekara
Torque smoothness is an essential requirement for high-performance motor drive applications. Synchronous reluctance machines (SyRM) have high torque ripple due to non-linear magnetic circuit and saturation. Typically, in Permanent magnet machines the active torque ripple compensation is achieved by injecting a compensating ripple current in the q-axis . For SyRM, the current injection method for active torque ripple cancellation can be used in both the d-axis and q-axis . However, the saturation of the motor parameters with the changing current can result in varied performance between the two methods. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of both of these methods for torque ripple cancellation. For evaluation, the impact of parameter saturation with ripple current injection on the d-axis and the q-axis is studied. The mathematical conclusions obtained are evaluated by both the simulation and the experimental results performed on a 4 pole 1200W Synchronous reluctance machine.
{"title":"Torque Ripple Minimization Control Strategy in Synchronous Reluctance Machines","authors":"Anant K Singh;Ramakrishnan Raja;Tomy Sebastian;Kaushik Rajashekara","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3190905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3190905","url":null,"abstract":"Torque smoothness is an essential requirement for high-performance motor drive applications. Synchronous reluctance machines (SyRM) have high torque ripple due to non-linear magnetic circuit and saturation. Typically, in Permanent magnet machines the active torque ripple compensation is achieved by injecting a compensating ripple current in the \u0000<italic>q-axis</i>\u0000. For SyRM, the current injection method for active torque ripple cancellation can be used in both the \u0000<italic>d-axis</i>\u0000 and \u0000<italic>q-axis</i>\u0000. However, the saturation of the motor parameters with the changing current can result in varied performance between the two methods. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of both of these methods for torque ripple cancellation. For evaluation, the impact of parameter saturation with ripple current injection on the \u0000<italic>d-axis</i>\u0000 and the \u0000<italic>q-axis</i>\u0000 is studied. The mathematical conclusions obtained are evaluated by both the simulation and the experimental results performed on a 4 pole 1200W Synchronous reluctance machine.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"141-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09829907.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feed-forward current control, which employs a single-pulse mode of inverters over a wide speed range, is applied in inertial load drive applications such as electric vehicles and electric railway vehicles. It is necessary to identify both primary and secondary motor parameters to realize sophisticated torque control in the feed-forward current control region, wherein the current controller cannot compensate for motor parameter errors. An online auto-tuning method that is based on the fundamental components of motor voltages during acceleration with an inertial load is proposed in this study. The convergence of the proposed auto-tuning is discussed, and a calculation method for correction gains is proposed to compensate for the motor parameters. The proposed method is verified via numerical simulation and experiments with a 750 W induction motor and an inertial load.
{"title":"Online Auto-Tuning Method in Field-Orientation-Controlled Induction Motor Driving Inertial Load","authors":"Masaki Nagataki;Keiichiro Kondo;Osamu Yamazaki;Kazuaki Yuki;Yosuke Nakazawa","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3189343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3189343","url":null,"abstract":"Feed-forward current control, which employs a single-pulse mode of inverters over a wide speed range, is applied in inertial load drive applications such as electric vehicles and electric railway vehicles. It is necessary to identify both primary and secondary motor parameters to realize sophisticated torque control in the feed-forward current control region, wherein the current controller cannot compensate for motor parameter errors. An online auto-tuning method that is based on the fundamental components of motor voltages during acceleration with an inertial load is proposed in this study. The convergence of the proposed auto-tuning is discussed, and a calculation method for correction gains is proposed to compensate for the motor parameters. The proposed method is verified via numerical simulation and experiments with a 750 W induction motor and an inertial load.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"125-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09823410.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multi-motor drive systems (MMDS) combine several drives that work together to fulfill one task. Compared to conventional single-motor drive systems modular product concepts can be realized with MMDS thanks to additional degrees of freedom. Because of their mechanical structure consisting of several shafts, clutches, and gear pairings, complex deflection shapes arise which lead to unintended torque oscillations.To compensate for these torque oscillations a data-driven adaptive multiple-input single-output scheme based on two cascaded recursive least squares estimators is proposed. Here, weights (manipulable amplitudes) for each order (multiple of a fundamental frequency) to be compensated are multiplied with unit amplitude harmonic signals of a reference oscillator and added as reference torques to the torque controllers of the MMDS’s drives. These weights are continually adapted by an online identification of transfer paths and disturbances. Furthermore, the torque contribution of the individual drives concerning the compensation task can be changed at runtime utilizing a weighting matrix as tuning parameter by analytically solving a quadratic program with a linear equality constraint. Hence, the proposed algorithm is suitable for automatic self-commissioning requiring only marginal expert intervention. Experimental investigations prove the compensation capability of the approach whereby a reduction of the output torque’s total harmonic distortion (THD) of up to $80%$ from $26.8%$ to $5.4%$ for a representative operation point is achieved.
{"title":"Data-Driven Adaptive Torque Oscillation Compensation for Multi-Motor Drive Systems","authors":"Anian Brosch;Johann Rauhaus;Oliver Wallscheid;Detmar Zimmer;Joachim Böcker","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3171333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3171333","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-motor drive systems (MMDS) combine several drives that work together to fulfill one task. Compared to conventional single-motor drive systems modular product concepts can be realized with MMDS thanks to additional degrees of freedom. Because of their mechanical structure consisting of several shafts, clutches, and gear pairings, complex deflection shapes arise which lead to unintended torque oscillations.To compensate for these torque oscillations a data-driven adaptive multiple-input single-output scheme based on two cascaded recursive least squares estimators is proposed. Here, weights (manipulable amplitudes) for each order (multiple of a fundamental frequency) to be compensated are multiplied with unit amplitude harmonic signals of a reference oscillator and added as reference torques to the torque controllers of the MMDS’s drives. These weights are continually adapted by an online identification of transfer paths and disturbances. Furthermore, the torque contribution of the individual drives concerning the compensation task can be changed at runtime utilizing a weighting matrix as tuning parameter by analytically solving a quadratic program with a linear equality constraint. Hence, the proposed algorithm is suitable for automatic self-commissioning requiring only marginal expert intervention. Experimental investigations prove the compensation capability of the approach whereby a reduction of the output torque’s total harmonic distortion (THD) of up to \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$80%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 from \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$26.8%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 to \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$5.4%$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 for a representative operation point is achieved.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"66-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09765673.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50323980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3179225
Haichen Liu;Tiefu Zhao;Xuezhi Wu
In this paper, two types of Silicon (Si) IGBT and Silicon Carbide (SiC) hybrid switch (Si/SiC HyS) based three-level active neutral-point-clamped (3L-ANPC) inverter are proposed for high efficiency and low device cost. The proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverters are compared with the full Si IGBT, full SiC MOSFET, and Si with SiC devices-based hybrid 3L-ANPC solutions on the inverter efficiency, power capacity, and device cost. It is shown that compared with the full Si IGBT 3L-ANPC solution, the inverter efficiency improvement by Si/SiC HyS is 2.4% and 1.8% at light load condition and heavy load condition, respectively. Compared to the full SiC MOSFET solution and 2-SiC MOSFET hybrid scheme, the device cost of 2-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC is reduced by 78% and 50% with 0.28% and 0.21% maximum inverter efficiency sacrifices. The testing results show that the proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter is a cost-effective way to realize high inverter efficiency. Between the two proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverters, the 2-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter has lower device cost which makes it more suitable for cost-sensitive and high efficiency applications. While the 4-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter has higher output power capacity, making it a better candidate for high power density, high power capacity, and high efficiency applications.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Si/SiC Hybrid Switch-Based Three-Level Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter","authors":"Haichen Liu;Tiefu Zhao;Xuezhi Wu","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3179225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3179225","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two types of Silicon (Si) IGBT and Silicon Carbide (SiC) hybrid switch (Si/SiC HyS) based three-level active neutral-point-clamped (3L-ANPC) inverter are proposed for high efficiency and low device cost. The proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverters are compared with the full Si IGBT, full SiC MOSFET, and Si with SiC devices-based hybrid 3L-ANPC solutions on the inverter efficiency, power capacity, and device cost. It is shown that compared with the full Si IGBT 3L-ANPC solution, the inverter efficiency improvement by Si/SiC HyS is 2.4% and 1.8% at light load condition and heavy load condition, respectively. Compared to the full SiC MOSFET solution and 2-SiC MOSFET hybrid scheme, the device cost of 2-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC is reduced by 78% and 50% with 0.28% and 0.21% maximum inverter efficiency sacrifices. The testing results show that the proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter is a cost-effective way to realize high inverter efficiency. Between the two proposed Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverters, the 2-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter has lower device cost which makes it more suitable for cost-sensitive and high efficiency applications. While the 4-Si/SiC HyS-based 3L-ANPC inverter has higher output power capacity, making it a better candidate for high power density, high power capacity, and high efficiency applications.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"90-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09785900.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3178235
David Toquica;Kodjo Agbossou;Roland Malhamé;Nilson Henao;Sousso Kelouwani;Michaël Fournier
Flexibility from demand-side resources is increasingly required in modern power systems to maintain the dynamic balance between demand and supply. This flexibility comes from elastic users managing controllable loads. In this context, controlling Electric Space Heaters (ESHs) is of particular interest because it can leverage building inner thermal storage capacity to shift consumption while maintaining comfort conditions. Some economic Demand Response (DR) programs have considered exploiting EHSs flexibility potentials in recent years. However, these programs still struggle to engage customers due to the complexity of processing price signals for inexpert users. Therefore, it is necessary to develop automated tools for helping users to operate their loads. Accordingly, this paper presents a recommender system based on Gaussian processes to discover users’ valuations of thermal comfort and perform the predictive control of their ESHs. The proposed method enables customers to participate in DR programs and impose their preferences through straightforward queries instead of directly changing control parameters. Validation results demonstrate that users maximize their utility by supplying noiseless and consistent data to the recommender system. Additionally, the suggested approach achieves a higher acceptance rate than other methods from the literature, such as persistency and support vector machines.
{"title":"A Recommender System for Predictive Control of Heating Systems in Economic Demand Response Programs","authors":"David Toquica;Kodjo Agbossou;Roland Malhamé;Nilson Henao;Sousso Kelouwani;Michaël Fournier","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3178235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3178235","url":null,"abstract":"Flexibility from demand-side resources is increasingly required in modern power systems to maintain the dynamic balance between demand and supply. This flexibility comes from elastic users managing controllable loads. In this context, controlling Electric Space Heaters (ESHs) is of particular interest because it can leverage building inner thermal storage capacity to shift consumption while maintaining comfort conditions. Some economic Demand Response (DR) programs have considered exploiting EHSs flexibility potentials in recent years. However, these programs still struggle to engage customers due to the complexity of processing price signals for inexpert users. Therefore, it is necessary to develop automated tools for helping users to operate their loads. Accordingly, this paper presents a recommender system based on Gaussian processes to discover users’ valuations of thermal comfort and perform the predictive control of their ESHs. The proposed method enables customers to participate in DR programs and impose their preferences through straightforward queries instead of directly changing control parameters. Validation results demonstrate that users maximize their utility by supplying noiseless and consistent data to the recommender system. Additionally, the suggested approach achieves a higher acceptance rate than other methods from the literature, such as persistency and support vector machines.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09783190.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177862
S.M. Muslem Uddin;Galina Mirzaeva;Graham C. Goodwin
This paper proposes a novel and robust version of Model Predictive Control scheme for AC drives based on Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) with Active Front End (AFE). The main feature of the proposed MPC is elimination of Common Mode Voltage (CMV) without imposing a penalty on the corresponding term in the cost function, but rather by a smart utilisation of the restricted set of switching states in a computationally efficient algorithm. Furthermore, the paper proposes to split the conventional MPC scheme into separate Control and Modulation stages, and to enhance the Control stage by integral action, and the Modulation stage - by a Feedback Quantizer. The resulting AC drive scheme provides high tracking accuracy over the full speed range, robustness to disturbances and parameters error, coupled with practically zero CMV and consequently - very low levels of conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI). This makes the proposed scheme a competitive alternative to the existing AC drive solutions in the most challenging industrial applications. The benefits of the proposed scheme are validated by simulation and experiment.
{"title":"Robust Model Predictive Control for AFE-Inverter Drives With Common Mode Voltage Elimination","authors":"S.M. Muslem Uddin;Galina Mirzaeva;Graham C. Goodwin","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177862","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel and robust version of Model Predictive Control scheme for AC drives based on Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) with Active Front End (AFE). The main feature of the proposed MPC is elimination of Common Mode Voltage (CMV) without imposing a penalty on the corresponding term in the cost function, but rather by a smart utilisation of the restricted set of switching states in a computationally efficient algorithm. Furthermore, the paper proposes to split the conventional MPC scheme into separate Control and Modulation stages, and to enhance the Control stage by integral action, and the Modulation stage - by a Feedback Quantizer. The resulting AC drive scheme provides high tracking accuracy over the full speed range, robustness to disturbances and parameters error, coupled with practically zero CMV and consequently - very low levels of conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI). This makes the proposed scheme a competitive alternative to the existing AC drive solutions in the most challenging industrial applications. The benefits of the proposed scheme are validated by simulation and experiment.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"114-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09782122.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177857
Dmitry Miller;Galina Mirzaeva;Christopher David Townsend;Graham C. Goodwin
A microgrid is a proven effective way to integrate renewable resources. This study presents an innovative control concept for decentralized AC microgrids, which is based on the architectural advantage of a radial microgrid structure. Under the proposed concept, power sharing between the distributed sources is achieved without droop control. Thus the need for a secondary control level is eliminated. Moreover, the use of explicit communication is replaced in the paper by a novel coordination mechanism based on the locally measured currents. The paper shows that, with a special design of the current control of grid-feeding converters, the proposed microgrid automatically provides equitable sharing of the load demand amongst the distributed generators (DGs). Moreover, the dynamic responses of the DGs are identical and decoupled from one another. It is further shown that the proposed AC microgrid is stable in the presence of any type of load. The findings of the paper are validated by simulations and laboratory experiments.
{"title":"Decentralised Droopless Control of Islanded Radial AC Microgrids Without Explicit Communication","authors":"Dmitry Miller;Galina Mirzaeva;Christopher David Townsend;Graham C. Goodwin","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2022.3177857","url":null,"abstract":"A microgrid is a proven effective way to integrate renewable resources. This study presents an innovative control concept for decentralized AC microgrids, which is based on the architectural advantage of a radial microgrid structure. Under the proposed concept, power sharing between the distributed sources is achieved without droop control. Thus the need for a secondary control level is eliminated. Moreover, the use of explicit communication is replaced in the paper by a novel coordination mechanism based on the locally measured currents. The paper shows that, with a special design of the current control of grid-feeding converters, the proposed microgrid automatically provides equitable sharing of the load demand amongst the distributed generators (DGs). Moreover, the dynamic responses of the DGs are identical and decoupled from one another. It is further shown that the proposed AC microgrid is stable in the presence of any type of load. The findings of the paper are validated by simulations and laboratory experiments.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"3 ","pages":"104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/9666452/09782112.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50325636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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