According to today's education system, the content, applicability, quality and performance measurement criteria of the courses may vary according to countries, educational institutions and educators. Because of incorrect performance measurement, hidden skills disappear before they appear. Thanks to the graduation diploma it is observed that people with less than professional knowledge and skills come to better places than those who are more knowledgeable and skilled. In addition, due to the lack of a proper training plan according to the target learning community, boredom and financial problems may arise due to long periods of education. In this study, while trying to avoid material and temporal problems, a blockchain-based lifelong learning platform whose content, processing, reliability, decentralized, open to continuous and rapid accessibility, and evaluation criteria and method is completely objective is proposed. Thanks to this platform, the diplomas to be received by the students who have successfully passed the end-of-education exams will be time-stamped, immutable, safe and traceable. At the same time, all these documents, storage of training contents, diplomas, certificates, post-training exams and all related files , will be kept accessible, secure and immutable thanks to IPFS, the Inter Planetary File System. Achievements, employer and employee pools to be created according to the achievements, and a recruitment contract to be realized will be controlled by smart contracts and absolute reliability and objectivity will be ensured. All these concepts will be made available through a decentralized application (DApp) which will run on a private blockchain network that requires a partial permission to be established.
{"title":"A Blockchain Based Lifelong Learning Platform: The Smart University","authors":"Bora Aslan, Kerem Ataşen","doi":"10.51354/mjen.739036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.739036","url":null,"abstract":"According to today's education system, the content, applicability, quality and performance measurement criteria of the courses may vary according to countries, educational institutions and educators. Because of incorrect performance measurement, hidden skills disappear before they appear. Thanks to the graduation diploma it is observed that people with less than professional knowledge and skills come to better places than those who are more knowledgeable and skilled. In addition, due to the lack of a proper training plan according to the target learning community, boredom and financial problems may arise due to long periods of education. In this study, while trying to avoid material and temporal problems, a blockchain-based lifelong learning platform whose content, processing, reliability, decentralized, open to continuous and rapid accessibility, and evaluation criteria and method is completely objective is proposed. Thanks to this platform, the diplomas to be received by the students who have successfully passed the end-of-education exams will be time-stamped, immutable, safe and traceable. At the same time, all these documents, storage of training contents, diplomas, certificates, post-training exams and all related files , will be kept accessible, secure and immutable thanks to IPFS, the Inter Planetary File System. Achievements, employer and employee pools to be created according to the achievements, and a recruitment contract to be realized will be controlled by smart contracts and absolute reliability and objectivity will be ensured. All these concepts will be made available through a decentralized application (DApp) which will run on a private blockchain network that requires a partial permission to be established.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125802464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, the removal of Zn(II) ions from aquatic environments onto 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane modified kaolin (MK) was investigated in a batch system. Moreover, the optimization and effects of independent parameters such as pH, initial Zn(II) concentration (Co, mg/L) and contact time (min) on the uptake of Zn(II) onto MK were examined by response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design (CCD) in RSM, the most popular statistical technique, was successfully applied to optimize and model the selected parameters (pH, Co, contact time) for Zn(II)% adsorption onto MK. The number of experiments based on CDD was 20, a total of 20 sets which included fourteen factorial points and six center points were performed to obtain the maximum Zn(II) uptake from aqueous solutions. The optimum points obtained from CCD were 6.39, 50.09 mg/L and 76.10 min for pH, Co, and contact time, in their given order. In these optimal conditions, the maximum removal percentage was found to be 86.19%. The results indicated that the removal yield of Zn(II) from aqueous media onto MK was successfully performed by CCD in RSM. It can be concluded that MK is also a promising material for the uptake of other heavy metals similar to Zn.
{"title":"Effective clay material enriched with thiol groups for Zn(II) removal from aqueous media: A statistical approach based on response surface methodology","authors":"Ümit Ecer, Ş. Yılmaz, T. Şahan","doi":"10.51354/mjen.800161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.800161","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, the removal of Zn(II) ions from aquatic environments onto 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane modified kaolin (MK) was investigated in a batch system. Moreover, the optimization and effects of independent parameters such as pH, initial Zn(II) concentration (Co, mg/L) and contact time (min) on the uptake of Zn(II) onto MK were examined by response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design (CCD) in RSM, the most popular statistical technique, was successfully applied to optimize and model the selected parameters (pH, Co, contact time) for Zn(II)% adsorption onto MK. The number of experiments based on CDD was 20, a total of 20 sets which included fourteen factorial points and six center points were performed to obtain the maximum Zn(II) uptake from aqueous solutions. The optimum points obtained from CCD were 6.39, 50.09 mg/L and 76.10 min for pH, Co, and contact time, in their given order. In these optimal conditions, the maximum removal percentage was found to be 86.19%. The results indicated that the removal yield of Zn(II) from aqueous media onto MK was successfully performed by CCD in RSM. It can be concluded that MK is also a promising material for the uptake of other heavy metals similar to Zn.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131843503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
p(DMAAm-co-APTMACl) based hydrogels were synthesized at different molar ratios by the redox polymerization technique using N,N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) and 3-acrlylamidopropil-trimethyl ammonium chloride (APTMACl) monomers and a crosslinker. In this study was aimed to improve the swelling properties and dye sorption of the prepared hydrogels. The balance swelling values of hydrogels were determined by the gravimetric method in deionized water and different pH values, and their structural characterizations were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Sorption efficiencies and sorption capacities of the synthesized hydrogels were determined using aqueous solutions containing phenol red dye at 25°C. In sorption studies, the effects of different concentrations (5-50 ppm) and different pH values (2-12) on sorption were examined. When the swelling analysis in deionized water was examined, it was determined that there was a significant increase in the balance swelling value of p(DMAAm-co-APTMACl) based hydrogel as the mole ratio of APTMACl increased. In addition, the increase in the molar ratio of APTMACl was found to increase the phenol red dye sorption capacity and removal percentage. It was observed that p(DMAAm-co-APTMACl) (2:8) based hydrogel had a maximum sorption capacity in the range of 5-50 ppm and reached 122.2 mg/g. Experimental data showed that the synthesized p (DMAAm-co-APTMACl) based hydrogel was effective in removing dye from wastewater and could be increased of dyestuff removal by synthesizing at different molar ratios.
{"title":"Removal of anionic phenol red from water solution in the batch system by using N,N-dimethylacrylamide and 3-acrlylamidopropil-trimethyl ammonium chloride-based polymeric hydrogels","authors":"Tuba Ersen Dudu","doi":"10.51354/mjen.799287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.799287","url":null,"abstract":"p(DMAAm-co-APTMACl) based hydrogels were synthesized at different molar ratios by the redox polymerization technique using N,N-Dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) and 3-acrlylamidopropil-trimethyl ammonium chloride (APTMACl) monomers and a crosslinker. In this study was aimed to improve the swelling properties and dye sorption of the prepared hydrogels. The balance swelling values of hydrogels were determined by the gravimetric method in deionized water and different pH values, and their structural characterizations were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Sorption efficiencies and sorption capacities of the synthesized hydrogels were determined using aqueous solutions containing phenol red dye at 25°C. In sorption studies, the effects of different concentrations (5-50 ppm) and different pH values (2-12) on sorption were examined. When the swelling analysis in deionized water was examined, it was determined that there was a significant increase in the balance swelling value of p(DMAAm-co-APTMACl) based hydrogel as the mole ratio of APTMACl increased. In addition, the increase in the molar ratio of APTMACl was found to increase the phenol red dye sorption capacity and removal percentage. It was observed that p(DMAAm-co-APTMACl) (2:8) based hydrogel had a maximum sorption capacity in the range of 5-50 ppm and reached 122.2 mg/g. Experimental data showed that the synthesized p (DMAAm-co-APTMACl) based hydrogel was effective in removing dye from wastewater and could be increased of dyestuff removal by synthesizing at different molar ratios.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126150983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Combined with the increasing demand for environmental pollution and electrical energy, combined cycle power plant power plants are increasingly important. It is necessary to increase the performance of power plants, reduce carbon emissions and increase energy production. Any change to the heat recovery steam generator design is an important component of the combined cycle power plant, as it directly affects the performance of the combined cycle power plant. This study describes the modeling, sensitivity and exergy analysis of a HRSG in a combined cycle power plant. Three-pressure HRSG was modeled with the Aspen Plus simulation program and sensitivity analysis was performed. At the same time, energy and exergy analyzes were made for each component in the combined cycle power plant.
{"title":"Modelling, Sensitivity and Exergy Analysis of Triple-Pressure Heat Recovery Steam Generator","authors":"S. Mert, F. Özçeli̇k, Ceyda Kök","doi":"10.51354/mjen.793611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.793611","url":null,"abstract":"Combined with the increasing demand for environmental pollution and electrical energy, combined cycle power plant power plants are increasingly important. It is necessary to increase the performance of power plants, reduce carbon emissions and increase energy production. Any change to the heat recovery steam generator design is an important component of the combined cycle power plant, as it directly affects the performance of the combined cycle power plant. This study describes the modeling, sensitivity and exergy analysis of a HRSG in a combined cycle power plant. Three-pressure HRSG was modeled with the Aspen Plus simulation program and sensitivity analysis was performed. At the same time, energy and exergy analyzes were made for each component in the combined cycle power plant.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133945486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chitin, the main component of shellfish such as crab and shrimp, is one of the most used biopolymers after cellulose. Today, although recycling of waste is becoming increasingly important, large quantities of seafood shells such as crab and shrimp are being destroyed around the world without much evaluation. Chitosan, which is non-toxic, biodegradable-biocompatible and has many application advantages compared to chitin, is used in many sectors, especially cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and agriculture, as it shows superior properties compared to other biopolymers in terms of chemical and physical properties. In this study, in order to evaluate waste shrimp shells (WSS), shrimp shells were first removed from their minerals and proteins by deproteinization, demineralization and deacetilization processes. Then, chitosan and carboxymethyl shrimp chitosan (CMSCh) were synthesized by isolation of chitin. The structures of Chitin-chitosan and CMSCh were characterized by spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, XRD and NMR) and the deacetylation degrees of them were calculated. Also, surface morphologies and thermal properties were analyzed by SEM and DTA-TG, respectively.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl shrimp chitosan (CMSCh) from waste shrimp shell","authors":"Nuran Celikci, C. Ziba, M. Dolaz","doi":"10.51354/mjen.825443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.825443","url":null,"abstract":"Chitin, the main component of shellfish such as crab and shrimp, is one of the most used biopolymers after cellulose. Today, although recycling of waste is becoming increasingly important, large quantities of seafood shells such as crab and shrimp are being destroyed around the world without much evaluation. Chitosan, which is non-toxic, biodegradable-biocompatible and has many application advantages compared to chitin, is used in many sectors, especially cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and agriculture, as it shows superior properties compared to other biopolymers in terms of chemical and physical properties. In this study, in order to evaluate waste shrimp shells (WSS), shrimp shells were first removed from their minerals and proteins by deproteinization, demineralization and deacetilization processes. Then, chitosan and carboxymethyl shrimp chitosan (CMSCh) were synthesized by isolation of chitin. The structures of Chitin-chitosan and CMSCh were characterized by spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, XRD and NMR) and the deacetylation degrees of them were calculated. Also, surface morphologies and thermal properties were analyzed by SEM and DTA-TG, respectively.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116405221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, carbon nanotube (CNT) supported Pd catalysts at varying Pd molar ratios are prepared via NaBH4 reduction method. Catalysts prepared for hydrazine electrooxidation are characterized via N2 adsorption-desorption measurements (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Electrochemical measurements are performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques by CHI660E potentiostat in a three-electrode system. According to the characterization results, Pd/CNT catalysts are successfully synthesized. For 5% Pd/CNT catalyst, the average particle size and the surface area determined as 5.17 nm and 773.10 m2 g-1 via TEM and BET, respectively. Between the Pd containing (0.1-20 wt %) CNT supported catalysts prepared, 5% Pd / CNT catalyst shows the best current density as 6.81 mA cm-2 (1122.63 mA mg-1 Pd). Furthermore, 5% Pd/CNT catalyst shows littlest charge transfer resistance (Rct) compared to Pd/CNT catalysts.
本研究采用NaBH4还原法制备了不同Pd摩尔比的碳纳米管负载Pd催化剂。通过N2吸附-解吸(BET)、x射线光电子能谱(XPS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对制备的肼电氧化催化剂进行了表征。电化学测量采用循环伏安法(CV)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术，由CHI660E电位器在三电极系统中进行。根据表征结果，成功合成了Pd/CNT催化剂。对于5% Pd/CNT催化剂，TEM和BET测定的平均粒径和比表面积分别为5.17 nm和773.10 m2 g-1。在含Pd (0.1 ~ 20 wt %)的CNT负载催化剂中，5% Pd / CNT催化剂的电流密度为6.81 mA cm-2 (1122.63 mA mg-1 Pd)。此外，与Pd/CNT催化剂相比，5% Pd/CNT催化剂的电荷转移阻力(Rct)最小。
{"title":"Investigation of hydrazine electrooxidation performance of carbon nanotube supported Pd monometallic direct hydrazine fuel cell anode catalysts","authors":"Omer Faruk Er, Ali Cavak, A. Aldemir, H. Kivrak","doi":"10.51354/mjen.801182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.801182","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, carbon nanotube (CNT) supported Pd catalysts at varying Pd molar ratios are prepared via NaBH4 reduction method. Catalysts prepared for hydrazine electrooxidation are characterized via N2 adsorption-desorption measurements (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Electrochemical measurements are performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques by CHI660E potentiostat in a three-electrode system. According to the characterization results, Pd/CNT catalysts are successfully synthesized. For 5% Pd/CNT catalyst, the average particle size and the surface area determined as 5.17 nm and 773.10 m2 g-1 via TEM and BET, respectively. Between the Pd containing (0.1-20 wt %) CNT supported catalysts prepared, 5% Pd / CNT catalyst shows the best current density as 6.81 mA cm-2 (1122.63 mA mg-1 Pd). Furthermore, 5% Pd/CNT catalyst shows littlest charge transfer resistance (Rct) compared to Pd/CNT catalysts.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"55 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116556290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Countries struggling to overcome the profound and devastating effects of COVID-19 have started taking steps to return to "new normal." Any accurate forecasting can help countries and decision-makers to make plans and decisions in the process of returning normal life. In this regard, it is needless to mention the criticality and importance of accurate forecasting. In this study, daily cases of COVID-19 are estimated based on mobility data, considering the proven human-to-human transmission factor. The data of seven countries, namely Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States of America (USA) are used to train and test the models. These countries represent around 57% of the total cases in the whole world. In this context, various machine learning algorithms are implemented to obtain accurate predictions. Unlike most studies, the predicted case numbers are evaluated against the actual values to reveal the real performance of the methods and determine the most effective methods. The results indicated that it is unlikely to propose the same algorithm for forecasting COVID-19 cases for all countries. Also, mobility data can be enough the predict the COVID-19 cases in the USA.
{"title":"Forecasting COVID-19 cases based on mobility","authors":"M. Şahin","doi":"10.51354/mjen.769763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.769763","url":null,"abstract":"Countries struggling to overcome the profound and devastating effects of COVID-19 have started taking steps to return to \"new normal.\" Any accurate forecasting can help countries and decision-makers to make plans and decisions in the process of returning normal life. In this regard, it is needless to mention the criticality and importance of accurate forecasting. In this study, daily cases of COVID-19 are estimated based on mobility data, considering the proven human-to-human transmission factor. The data of seven countries, namely Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States of America (USA) are used to train and test the models. These countries represent around 57% of the total cases in the whole world. In this context, various machine learning algorithms are implemented to obtain accurate predictions. Unlike most studies, the predicted case numbers are evaluated against the actual values to reveal the real performance of the methods and determine the most effective methods. The results indicated that it is unlikely to propose the same algorithm for forecasting COVID-19 cases for all countries. Also, mobility data can be enough the predict the COVID-19 cases in the USA.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132477813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the rheological properties of shelf-stable and calorie-rich traditional product Sary mai, known as ghee were investigated at various temperatures for the first time. It was found that ghee at 20-30°C reacted as a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid with yield stress value and flow curves fitted to the Herschel-Bulkley model. With increasing the temperature (40-50°C), ghee become more fluidly and Ostwald-De-Waele model was found as the most appropriate to fit the flow curves with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9985‒0.9999. The effective viscosity of ghee decreased from 2.613 to 0.023 Pa·s with increasing temperature from 20 to 50°C. The Arrhenius relationship was employed to estimate the flow activation energy for the ghee samples and was found as Ea = 134.3 ± 0.5 kJ/mol with R2 = 0.9385. The amplitude-sweep was performed at 20°C for determining the yield point and the flow point. Obtained parameters provide useful information for the optimization of industrial processes and control of quality and authenticity of ghee.
{"title":"Investigation of rheological behavior of Kyrgyz traditional food Sary mai","authors":"Janyl Iskakova, Jamila Smanalieva","doi":"10.51354/mjen.752557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.752557","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the rheological properties of shelf-stable and calorie-rich traditional product Sary mai, known as ghee were investigated at various temperatures for the first time. It was found that ghee at 20-30°C reacted as a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid with yield stress value and flow curves fitted to the Herschel-Bulkley model. With increasing the temperature (40-50°C), ghee become more fluidly and Ostwald-De-Waele model was found as the most appropriate to fit the flow curves with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9985‒0.9999. The effective viscosity of ghee decreased from 2.613 to 0.023 Pa·s with increasing temperature from 20 to 50°C. The Arrhenius relationship was employed to estimate the flow activation energy for the ghee samples and was found as Ea = 134.3 ± 0.5 kJ/mol with R2 = 0.9385. The amplitude-sweep was performed at 20°C for determining the yield point and the flow point. Obtained parameters provide useful information for the optimization of industrial processes and control of quality and authenticity of ghee.","PeriodicalId":102219,"journal":{"name":"MANAS Journal of Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122635807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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