P. A. Divia, Ranajit Das, K. Subramanyam, S. Ashraf, J. Ezhilan
Diabetic subjects have higher prevalence as well as increased risk for coronary artery disease than non-diabetic counterparts. The study was aimed to seek the disparity of vessel diameters among diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The objectives were to compare coronary artery measurements (CAM) between diabetic and non-diabetic patients and also to find the respective segment of coronary artery affected greatest among diabetics by QCA. A cross sectional study was conducted in four cities of India after procuring the sanction for the same from the ethical committee of the pre-selected hospitals of four states in India. Informed consents were obtained. Post CABG, post PCI patients and patient being diabetic for ≥5 years were also excluded from the study. Among total sample population, non-flow limiting coronaries were seen in 1100(27.5%) cases [167 in NFL diabetic and 933 in NFL non-diabetic group]. We had 2890 (72.2%) patients with diseased coronaries. Ten segments of the coronary arteries were taken for diameter measurements namely, LMCA, LAD (O, P), DIAG, LCx (O, P), OM, RCA (O, P), RAM. These coronary diameters were indexed to body surface area (BSA) (mean diameter mm/m2BSA). For all arterial segments both indexed and non-indexed measurements of diabetic patients with NFL coronaries had significantly (p<0.01) smaller arterial segments except for RCA-o. Reduced dimensions after post balloon dilatations of PCI, diffused lesions can result in increased chances for in-stent restenosis among diabetics leading to poor outcome following PCI.
{"title":"Disparity in coronary artery dimensions in diabetic and non-diabetic population undergoing quantitative coronary angiography in South India: a 2-year prospective analysis","authors":"P. A. Divia, Ranajit Das, K. Subramanyam, S. Ashraf, J. Ezhilan","doi":"10.52083/sano2959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/sano2959","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic subjects have higher prevalence as well as increased risk for coronary artery disease than non-diabetic counterparts. The study was aimed to seek the disparity of vessel diameters among diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The objectives were to compare coronary artery measurements (CAM) between diabetic and non-diabetic patients and also to find the respective segment of coronary artery affected greatest among diabetics by QCA. A cross sectional study was conducted in four cities of India after procuring the sanction for the same from the ethical committee of the pre-selected hospitals of four states in India. Informed consents were obtained. Post CABG, post PCI patients and patient being diabetic for ≥5 years were also excluded from the study. Among total sample population, non-flow limiting coronaries were seen in 1100(27.5%) cases [167 in NFL diabetic and 933 in NFL non-diabetic group]. We had 2890 (72.2%) patients with diseased coronaries. Ten segments of the coronary arteries were taken for diameter measurements namely, LMCA, LAD (O, P), DIAG, LCx (O, P), OM, RCA (O, P), RAM. These coronary diameters were indexed to body surface area (BSA) (mean diameter mm/m2BSA). For all arterial segments both indexed and non-indexed measurements of diabetic patients with NFL coronaries had significantly (p<0.01) smaller arterial segments except for RCA-o. Reduced dimensions after post balloon dilatations of PCI, diffused lesions can result in increased chances for in-stent restenosis among diabetics leading to poor outcome following PCI.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79310508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Riveros, O. Inzunza, Á. Burdiles, Emilio Farfán
Although muscle variations in the forearm have been widely reported, the presence of supernumerary muscles in this compartment may be associated with compressive disorders of the nerves of the upper limb. The purpose of this study was to report the finding of a polygastric flexor muscle of the index finger (PFID), a supernumerary muscle associated with the anterior compartment of the forearm, the morphology and pathway of which are closely related to the median nerve. The PFID was found in a routine dissection of an upper right limb. Following a dissection methodology by planes, a narrow, polygastric muscle was identified, formed sequentially and interspersed by four tendons and three muscle bellies, that extended between the common flexor muscle mass of the anterior compartment of the forearm and the index finger. The sixth part of the PFID was partially in the carpal tunnel and established close relation with the median nerve, which was displaced superficially. Knowledge of this and other muscle variations that appear in the forearm and carpal tunnel are relevant when performing a differential diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome or in planning surgery on this canal.
{"title":"Polygastric flexor muscle of the index finger and its clinical implications","authors":"A. Riveros, O. Inzunza, Á. Burdiles, Emilio Farfán","doi":"10.52083/qita7428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/qita7428","url":null,"abstract":"Although muscle variations in the forearm have been widely reported, the presence of supernumerary muscles in this compartment may be associated with compressive disorders of the nerves of the upper limb. The purpose of this study was to report the finding of a polygastric flexor muscle of the index finger (PFID), a supernumerary muscle associated with the anterior compartment of the forearm, the morphology and pathway of which are closely related to the median nerve. The PFID was found in a routine dissection of an upper right limb. Following a dissection methodology by planes, a narrow, polygastric muscle was identified, formed sequentially and interspersed by four tendons and three muscle bellies, that extended between the common flexor muscle mass of the anterior compartment of the forearm and the index finger. The sixth part of the PFID was partially in the carpal tunnel and established close relation with the median nerve, which was displaced superficially. Knowledge of this and other muscle variations that appear in the forearm and carpal tunnel are relevant when performing a differential diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome or in planning surgery on this canal.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80537547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claire F. Smith, Lydia Boyton, C. Brassett, Darrell JR Evans, Ross Munro, G. Finn
delivering anatomical education designed to help prepare students in becoming safe and competent medical and allied healthcare practitioners. Despite the critical role that anatomists play in the early stages of student learning, little is known about the identity of anatomists, and how their journeys and experiences have shaped the ways they perceive and embody their role. The aim of this study was to provide anatomists with a reference to take comfort in the shared experiences of other anatomists, to provide individuals and managers with real-life situations that anatomists may come across in their career, and to generate a sense of belonging within the anatomy community. Through a survey data collected from 161 anatomists, it includes demographic characteristics, access to training and support provision, and availability of network and career opportunities. In addition, information was collected that focussed on aspects of wellbeing and lived personal experience in the workplace. The results of this study provide significant evidence for the need to develop a more inclusive, diverse, and supportive environment for anatomists in both the work place as well as within professional societies and at conferences. Self-identifying female anatomists experience more discrimination overall (p=<0.01), with specific elements such as barriers to career progression (p=0.004) and work-related mental health issues (p=0.02). Individuals, teams and managers have a distinct role to play in ensuring that everyone can work and thrive in a culturally safe work environment.
{"title":"Identities and experiences of Anatomists","authors":"Claire F. Smith, Lydia Boyton, C. Brassett, Darrell JR Evans, Ross Munro, G. Finn","doi":"10.52083/qlmi1353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/qlmi1353","url":null,"abstract":"delivering anatomical education designed to help prepare students in becoming safe and competent medical and allied healthcare practitioners. Despite the critical role that anatomists play in the early stages of student learning, little is known about the identity of anatomists, and how their journeys and experiences have shaped the ways they perceive and embody their role. The aim of this study was to provide anatomists with a reference to take comfort in the shared experiences of other anatomists, to provide individuals and managers with real-life situations that anatomists may come across in their career, and to generate a sense of belonging within the anatomy community. Through a survey data collected from 161 anatomists, it includes demographic characteristics, access to training and support provision, and availability of network and career opportunities. In addition, information was collected that focussed on aspects of wellbeing and lived personal experience in the workplace. The results of this study provide significant evidence for the need to develop a more inclusive, diverse, and supportive environment for anatomists in both the work place as well as within professional societies and at conferences. Self-identifying female anatomists experience more discrimination overall (p=<0.01), with specific elements such as barriers to career progression (p=0.004) and work-related mental health issues (p=0.02). Individuals, teams and managers have a distinct role to play in ensuring that everyone can work and thrive in a culturally safe work environment.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72710408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anatomic variations of the biliary tree and/or the vascular supply of the gallbladder pose challenges in the surgical management of diseases and conditions of the liver-biliary tree and the pancreas. A patient with acute cholecystitis underwent imaging investigation preoperatively with computed tomography of the abdomen and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, which revealed a unique combination of variations: the cystic artery originated from the superior mesenteric artery and the right posterior sectoral duct drained at the same point with cystic duct to the common hepatic duct. The patient underwent open cholecystectomy and her postoperative period was uneventful. The surgeon should be aware of these variations in order to avoid intra- or post-operative complications, and the radiologists should report these variations because they could have a significant clinical impact.
{"title":"A unique case of combined variations of the cystic artery and biliary tree complicating the management of acute cholecystitis","authors":"Pagona Kastanaki, E. Lolis","doi":"10.52083/nfcw2491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/nfcw2491","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomic variations of the biliary tree and/or the vascular supply of the gallbladder pose challenges in the surgical management of diseases and conditions of the liver-biliary tree and the pancreas. A patient with acute cholecystitis underwent imaging investigation preoperatively with computed tomography of the abdomen and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, which revealed a unique combination of variations: the cystic artery originated from the superior mesenteric artery and the right posterior sectoral duct drained at the same point with cystic duct to the common hepatic duct. The patient underwent open cholecystectomy and her postoperative period was uneventful. The surgeon should be aware of these variations in order to avoid intra- or post-operative complications, and the radiologists should report these variations because they could have a significant clinical impact.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82226505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sushma Prabhath, S. Sumalatha, Ashwija Shetty, K. Bhat
It has been identified that most medical students are dissatisfied with current embryology teaching, and they often find embryology learning difficult. The present study was conducted to evaluate the perception of faculty and undergraduate medical students regarding the existing teaching-learning practices in embryology. The present cross-sectional study involved faculty, undergraduate, and postgraduate students engaged in embryology teaching-learning. The study was conducted in two steps. In the first step, the undergraduates were provided with a semi-structured questionnaire that addressed the practices of embryology teaching- learning in the current medical curriculum. The responses were recorded using a Likert scale. In the second step, the participants were invited to answer an open-ended question on improving the teaching-learning practices of embryology. The study involved 50 faculty, 232 medical undergraduates, and 15 postgraduate students. Most participants (76.1%) agreed that human embryology is essential in understanding anatomical variations, congenital anomalies, and clinical ailments. Although embryology is interesting to study, it is not easy to comprehend, as stated by most students (52.24%). They also felt that embryology is often neglected while learning Anatomy (70.73%). Ways to improve the embryology teaching-learning practices assessed in step two identified the following themes: image and video-assisted learning, experiential learning, 3D-models assisted learning, case-based learning, specimen-based learning, assessment-based learning, and smallgroup teaching. Embryology teaching-learning is an integral part of the Anatomy curriculum. Therefore, there is a need to reform the existing methodologies of embryology teaching-learning to enhance student engagement. Seeking students and faculty’s perceptions about the current practices of embryology teaching and its impact on their learning becomes useful. This study intents to utilize the feedback gained in improving the process of imparting embryology knowledge and will assist in a positive learning experience for the students.
{"title":"Enhancing the Embryology teachinglearning experience in the medical curriculum: a faculty & student lookout","authors":"Sushma Prabhath, S. Sumalatha, Ashwija Shetty, K. Bhat","doi":"10.52083/pdwd6678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/pdwd6678","url":null,"abstract":"It has been identified that most medical students are dissatisfied with current embryology teaching, and they often find embryology learning difficult. The present study was conducted to evaluate the perception of faculty and undergraduate medical students regarding the existing teaching-learning practices in embryology. The present cross-sectional study involved faculty, undergraduate, and postgraduate students engaged in embryology teaching-learning. The study was conducted in two steps. In the first step, the undergraduates were provided with a semi-structured questionnaire that addressed the practices of embryology teaching- learning in the current medical curriculum. The responses were recorded using a Likert scale. In the second step, the participants were invited to answer an open-ended question on improving the teaching-learning practices of embryology. The study involved 50 faculty, 232 medical undergraduates, and 15 postgraduate students. Most participants (76.1%) agreed that human embryology is essential in understanding anatomical variations, congenital anomalies, and clinical ailments. Although embryology is interesting to study, it is not easy to comprehend, as stated by most students (52.24%). They also felt that embryology is often neglected while learning Anatomy (70.73%). Ways to improve the embryology teaching-learning practices assessed in step two identified the following themes: image and video-assisted learning, experiential learning, 3D-models assisted learning, case-based learning, specimen-based learning, assessment-based learning, and smallgroup teaching. Embryology teaching-learning is an integral part of the Anatomy curriculum. Therefore, there is a need to reform the existing methodologies of embryology teaching-learning to enhance student engagement. Seeking students and faculty’s perceptions about the current practices of embryology teaching and its impact on their learning becomes useful. This study intents to utilize the feedback gained in improving the process of imparting embryology knowledge and will assist in a positive learning experience for the students.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79629938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic root aneurysm require pre-surgical analysis of aortic root geometry for aortic reconstruction. The aim of this study is to perform the morphometric analysis of the sinus of Valsalva height and correlation between the former, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) in patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic root aneurysm. Data from 34 patients (28 men, 6 women) with Marfan syndrome and an ascending aortic diameter exceeding 45 cm were obtained using computed tomography angiography. Gender-based differences were observed in the height of the left aortic sinus – by 47.23% (36.47±12.48 mm in men against 24.77±4.26 mm in women, р=0.0003). In men, a strong direct correlation has been identified between height and the right aortic sinus height (r=+0.75, р<0.0001), the posterior aortic sinus height (r=+0.71, р<0.0001), and the left aortic sinus height (r=+0.75, р<0.0001). Moderate reverse correlation has been discovered between the sinus of Valsalva height and BMI. No correlations have been identified between weight, BSA and the sinus of Valsalva height (р>0.05). In women, a strong direct correlation (Pearson) has been identified between age and the right aortic sinus height (r=+0.84, p=0.04), between weight and the left aortic sinus (r=+0.73, p=0.04) and between BSA and the left aortic sinus (r=+0.73, р=0.04). Aortic sinus height in men increases with height and decreases with higher BMI and age. Weight and BSA do not affect the sinus of Valsalva height. In women, the sinus of Valsalva height is impacted by age, weight and BSA.
马凡氏综合征和主动脉根动脉瘤患者需要术前分析主动脉根的几何形状以进行主动脉重建。本研究旨在对马凡氏综合征合并主动脉根动脉瘤患者的Valsalva高度鼻窦进行形态计量学分析，并分析其与年龄、体重、身高、体重指数(BMI)、体表面积(BSA)的相关性。34例马凡氏综合征患者(28男6女)升主动脉直径超过45 cm，采用计算机断层血管造影获得数据。左主动脉窦高度的性别差异为47.23%(男性为36.47±12.48 mm，女性为24.77±4.26 mm, r =0.0003)。在男性中，身高与右主动脉窦高度之间有很强的直接相关性(r=+0.75, 0.05)。在女性中，年龄与右主动脉窦高度(r=+0.84, p=0.04)、体重与左主动脉窦高度(r=+0.73, p=0.04)、BSA与左主动脉窦高度(r=+0.73, p=0.04)有很强的直接相关性(Pearson)。男性主动脉窦高度随身高增加而增加，随BMI和年龄增加而降低。体重和BSA不影响鼻窦Valsalva高度。在女性中，鼻窦高度受年龄、体重和BSA的影响。
{"title":"Association between the sinus of Valsalva height and biometric parameters in patients with Marfan syndrome associated with aortic root aneurysm","authors":"U. Pidvalna, D. Beshley, L. Mateshuk-Vatseba","doi":"10.52083/poqb7776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/poqb7776","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic root aneurysm require pre-surgical analysis of aortic root geometry for aortic reconstruction. The aim of this study is to perform the morphometric analysis of the sinus of Valsalva height and correlation between the former, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) in patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic root aneurysm. Data from 34 patients (28 men, 6 women) with Marfan syndrome and an ascending aortic diameter exceeding 45 cm were obtained using computed tomography angiography. Gender-based differences were observed in the height of the left aortic sinus – by 47.23% (36.47±12.48 mm in men against 24.77±4.26 mm in women, р=0.0003). In men, a strong direct correlation has been identified between height and the right aortic sinus height (r=+0.75, р<0.0001), the posterior aortic sinus height (r=+0.71, р<0.0001), and the left aortic sinus height (r=+0.75, р<0.0001). Moderate reverse correlation has been discovered between the sinus of Valsalva height and BMI. No correlations have been identified between weight, BSA and the sinus of Valsalva height (р>0.05). In women, a strong direct correlation (Pearson) has been identified between age and the right aortic sinus height (r=+0.84, p=0.04), between weight and the left aortic sinus (r=+0.73, p=0.04) and between BSA and the left aortic sinus (r=+0.73, р=0.04). Aortic sinus height in men increases with height and decreases with higher BMI and age. Weight and BSA do not affect the sinus of Valsalva height. In women, the sinus of Valsalva height is impacted by age, weight and BSA.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"BC-32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84947913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Middle cerebral artery (MCA) variants are rare compared to that of the other two cerebral arteries. Incidence of variations like duplication, fenestration, accessory vessel and early branching ranges from 0.17 to 4%. However, the literature describing MCA variations using CT Angiography (CTA) is limited, so this study was planned to determine the incidence of MCA branching pattern in Indian population using CTA. Datasets of CTA of 578 MCA from 289 patients (180 males and 109 females), with average age of 49.29±16.16 years (range of 11 to 85 years), from a tertiary care hospital were systematically reviewed for variations in branching pattern. Cases involving aneurysms and infarcts were excluded from the study. Four branching patterns of MCA were seen. Pattern I: single trunk in 0.17% (1/578) cases, on left side. Pattern II: early bifurcation in 0.52% (2/578) cases, two cases on right and one on left side. Pattern III: bifurcation, in 97.75%, (565/578) cases, 46.15% (6/13) cases on right and 53.84% (7/13) on left side. Pattern IV: trifurcation, in 1% (6/578), two cases on right and four on left side. Duplicated MCA seen in 0.34% (2/578) cases, both on the right side. The fenestration of MCA seen in 0.17% (1/578), on the left side. No case of accessory MCA was seen. Awareness of these anatomical variations in the branching pattern of MCA is valuable for clinicians and surgeons handling cases of intracranial aneurysms and infarcts. Thus, data from this study would help surgeons minimize errors and provide the best possible outcome to the patients
{"title":"Variations in branching pattern of middle cerebral artery using CT angiography in South Indian population","authors":"Urvi Sharma, Suman Verma, Subathra Adithan","doi":"10.52083/epcw5127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/epcw5127","url":null,"abstract":"Middle cerebral artery (MCA) variants are rare compared to that of the other two cerebral arteries. Incidence of variations like duplication, fenestration, accessory vessel and early branching ranges from 0.17 to 4%. However, the literature describing MCA variations using CT Angiography (CTA) is limited, so this study was planned to determine the incidence of MCA branching pattern in Indian population using CTA. Datasets of CTA of 578 MCA from 289 patients (180 males and 109 females), with average age of 49.29±16.16 years (range of 11 to 85 years), from a tertiary care hospital were systematically reviewed for variations in branching pattern. Cases involving aneurysms and infarcts were excluded from the study. Four branching patterns of MCA were seen. Pattern I: single trunk in 0.17% (1/578) cases, on left side. Pattern II: early bifurcation in 0.52% (2/578) cases, two cases on right and one on left side. Pattern III: bifurcation, in 97.75%, (565/578) cases, 46.15% (6/13) cases on right and 53.84% (7/13) on left side. Pattern IV: trifurcation, in 1% (6/578), two cases on right and four on left side. Duplicated MCA seen in 0.34% (2/578) cases, both on the right side. The fenestration of MCA seen in 0.17% (1/578), on the left side. No case of accessory MCA was seen. Awareness of these anatomical variations in the branching pattern of MCA is valuable for clinicians and surgeons handling cases of intracranial aneurysms and infarcts. Thus, data from this study would help surgeons minimize errors and provide the best possible outcome to the patients","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82359901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Ormeci, Olcay Güler, M. Malkoç, Nurullah Kaya, M. Isyar, A. Çakır, S. Sen, M. Mahiroğulları
Interdigital neuroma is an entrapment neuropathy of the interdigital nerve. Previously, studies on interdigital neuroma were done with 1 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging and more often 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging. We used 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging in our study and we did not encounter as much as we know about the study with 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the literature. Between 2013 and 2019, the 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging results of 39 consecutive surgically-confirmed interdigital neuromas and patients’ files were retrospectively evaluated. The soft tissue surrounding the prominent interdigital nerve “target sign” were assessed. Spearman’s rho, Pearson’s correlation tests, and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used. Of the 39 cases (mean transverse dimension = 4.64 mm), 35 (89.7%) were hypointense on T1-weighted sequencing, 34 were intermediate (87.1%) on short tau inversion recovery sequencing, and 29 (74.3%) had slightly-moderately enhanced neuromas on post-contrast spectral presaturation with inversion recovery sequences. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between contrast enhancement and disease duration (p = 0.020). On short tau inversion recovery or spectral presaturation with inversion recovery series, the intralesional nerve view “target sign” was observed in 23 (58.98 %) of 39 neuromas. This is the first study in the literature with 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging that shows the visual characteristics of interdigital neuroma and its possible contribution to the diagnosis of the disease.
{"title":"Evaluating the features of interdigital neuroma using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"T. Ormeci, Olcay Güler, M. Malkoç, Nurullah Kaya, M. Isyar, A. Çakır, S. Sen, M. Mahiroğulları","doi":"10.52083/olln3191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/olln3191","url":null,"abstract":"Interdigital neuroma is an entrapment neuropathy of the interdigital nerve. Previously, studies on interdigital neuroma were done with 1 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging and more often 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging. We used 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging in our study and we did not encounter as much as we know about the study with 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the literature. Between 2013 and 2019, the 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging results of 39 consecutive surgically-confirmed interdigital neuromas and patients’ files were retrospectively evaluated. The soft tissue surrounding the prominent interdigital nerve “target sign” were assessed. Spearman’s rho, Pearson’s correlation tests, and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used. Of the 39 cases (mean transverse dimension = 4.64 mm), 35 (89.7%) were hypointense on T1-weighted sequencing, 34 were intermediate (87.1%) on short tau inversion recovery sequencing, and 29 (74.3%) had slightly-moderately enhanced neuromas on post-contrast spectral presaturation with inversion recovery sequences. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between contrast enhancement and disease duration (p = 0.020). On short tau inversion recovery or spectral presaturation with inversion recovery series, the intralesional nerve view “target sign” was observed in 23 (58.98 %) of 39 neuromas. This is the first study in the literature with 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging that shows the visual characteristics of interdigital neuroma and its possible contribution to the diagnosis of the disease.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82475877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This original article postulates a pathophysiological association between two uncommon clinical entities in a cadaveric subject. A female cadaver from a willed body donor was procured for educational and research purposes. During surgical dissection, the subject was observed to have hallux valgus (HV) and lateral plantar venous thrombosis (PVT) on the left foot. Clinical significance of HV was confirmed by geometric measurements of the great toe and first metatarsal. Severity of lateral PVT was established by meticulous dissection along full course of the vein and all its grossly accessible tributaries. Dissections in other regions of the same cadaveric subject did not reveal evidence of venous thrombosis elsewhere. Extensive search of the contemporary literature confirmed HV is most common in elderly females, though not very common in the general population. It also established that isolated PVT is very rare, the medial type being rarer. No study mentioned both HV and PVT in the same subject or tried to establish a pathophysiological association between both entities. Analyzing the pedobarographic and phlebology literature on HV, PVT, foot veins, gait, posture, and foot pressure points led the authors to postulate that flattening of medial arch and increased medial forefoot pressure from HV during life in elderly females could render Uhl-Gillot’s postulated ‘footpump’ incompetent. Since the principal conduit of the foot-pump is the lateral plantar vein (LPV), ineffective foot-pump could lead to lateral PVT. Considering the paucity of literature on coexisting HV and PVT in living and cadaveric subjects, more studies are required to confirm our hypothesis of this pathophysiological association.
{"title":"Postulating a pathophysiological association between hallux valgus and plantar venous thrombosis through cadaveric dissections – Geometric measurements pedobarographic and phlebology correlates and literature review","authors":"Sanjoy Sanyal, Gomattie Chunilall, Vansh Patel, Sepehr Sepahyar","doi":"10.52083/fckn3466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/fckn3466","url":null,"abstract":"This original article postulates a pathophysiological association between two uncommon clinical entities in a cadaveric subject. A female cadaver from a willed body donor was procured for educational and research purposes. During surgical dissection, the subject was observed to have hallux valgus (HV) and lateral plantar venous thrombosis (PVT) on the left foot. Clinical significance of HV was confirmed by geometric measurements of the great toe and first metatarsal. Severity of lateral PVT was established by meticulous dissection along full course of the vein and all its grossly accessible tributaries. Dissections in other regions of the same cadaveric subject did not reveal evidence of venous thrombosis elsewhere. Extensive search of the contemporary literature confirmed HV is most common in elderly females, though not very common in the general population. It also established that isolated PVT is very rare, the medial type being rarer. No study mentioned both HV and PVT in the same subject or tried to establish a pathophysiological association between both entities. Analyzing the pedobarographic and phlebology literature on HV, PVT, foot veins, gait, posture, and foot pressure points led the authors to postulate that flattening of medial arch and increased medial forefoot pressure from HV during life in elderly females could render Uhl-Gillot’s postulated ‘footpump’ incompetent. Since the principal conduit of the foot-pump is the lateral plantar vein (LPV), ineffective foot-pump could lead to lateral PVT. Considering the paucity of literature on coexisting HV and PVT in living and cadaveric subjects, more studies are required to confirm our hypothesis of this pathophysiological association.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74266250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shokunbi, O. Femi-Akinlosotu, F. Olopade, Catherine Winiki
We studied the pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus in neonatal, juvenile and adult rats with hydrocephalus of varying durations and related these changes to their learning and memory. Hydrocephalus was induced in 7-day-old neonates, 4-week-old juvenile and 16-week-old adult Albino rats by intra-cisternal injection 0.02-0.04 ml of 150mg/ml of kaolin in sterile water (150 mg/ml). We studied escape latency and platform crossings with the Morris water maze prior to animal sacrifice at 2 and 4 weeks post induction in neonates and at 4 and 8 weeks post induction in juveniles and adults. We examined pyramidal neurons with cresyl violet and modified Golgi stain and analyzed behavioural scores and pyknotic indices. Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. The basal dendrites of the pyramidal neurons were reduced in the hydrocephalic groups. In the CA1, the pyknotic index was significantly increased in both groups of hydrocephalic neonates but only in hydrocephalic juveniles and adults sacrificed at 4 weeks. In the CA3 it was increased in hydrocephalic neonates sacrificed at 2 weeks and hydrocephalic juveniles sacrificed at 4 weeks. The escape latency was greater and the number of platform crossing was lower in the hydrocephalic rats than in their age matched controls. Pyramidal neurons were morphologically altered in hydrocephalus, in association with changes in spatial learning and memory. The CA1 region in young animals was particularly vulnerable. Functional recovery occurs with time and to a greater extent in older animals.
{"title":"Structural and functional deficits of the hippocampus in hydrocephalic rats: the role of age at onset and duration of disease","authors":"M. Shokunbi, O. Femi-Akinlosotu, F. Olopade, Catherine Winiki","doi":"10.52083/bqjn1298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/bqjn1298","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus in neonatal, juvenile and adult rats with hydrocephalus of varying durations and related these changes to their learning and memory. Hydrocephalus was induced in 7-day-old neonates, 4-week-old juvenile and 16-week-old adult Albino rats by intra-cisternal injection 0.02-0.04 ml of 150mg/ml of kaolin in sterile water (150 mg/ml). We studied escape latency and platform crossings with the Morris water maze prior to animal sacrifice at 2 and 4 weeks post induction in neonates and at 4 and 8 weeks post induction in juveniles and adults. We examined pyramidal neurons with cresyl violet and modified Golgi stain and analyzed behavioural scores and pyknotic indices. Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. The basal dendrites of the pyramidal neurons were reduced in the hydrocephalic groups. In the CA1, the pyknotic index was significantly increased in both groups of hydrocephalic neonates but only in hydrocephalic juveniles and adults sacrificed at 4 weeks. In the CA3 it was increased in hydrocephalic neonates sacrificed at 2 weeks and hydrocephalic juveniles sacrificed at 4 weeks. The escape latency was greater and the number of platform crossing was lower in the hydrocephalic rats than in their age matched controls. Pyramidal neurons were morphologically altered in hydrocephalus, in association with changes in spatial learning and memory. The CA1 region in young animals was particularly vulnerable. Functional recovery occurs with time and to a greater extent in older animals.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76826992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：