Pub Date : 2024-12-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103705
Michiko Yano , Taizo Nakamori
Dead trees in forests are home to several organisms interacting with each other. However, research on the interactions between Myxomycetes and other organisms has not progressed. This study investigated the interactions between Myxomycetes, which depends on dead trees in forests, and Collembola, which visits their fruiting bodies. It was hypothesized that Collembola may have viable myxomycetes spores inside and outside their bodies and experiments were conducted to determine whether these spores would germinate. The Myxomycetes families Cribrariaceae and Trichiaceae were collected from the study site and Collembola (Isotomidae) were extracted from the fruiting bodies. We waited for the Collembola to excrete and molt, cultured their feces and exuviae separately, observed germination from the spores, and calculated the percentage germination. Myxomycete spores were found in both feces and exuviae. This result suggests an interaction in which Myxomycetes provides fruiting bodies and spores as food for Collembola, and Collembola not only feed on them but also play a role in their dispersal. This study is significant considering it clarifies part of the interaction between Collembola and Myxomycetes. This study applied a novel approach, using a culture method with double-sided tape and slide glass for the long-term culture of feces and exuviae. This study demonstrated the potential for Myxomycetes to disperse spores by utilizing the endozoochory and epizoochory of Collembola. This study discusses the effectiveness of the spore dispersal of Myxomycetes via Collembola.
{"title":"Collembola–Myxomycetes relationships: Spore feeding and coexistence on dead trees","authors":"Michiko Yano , Taizo Nakamori","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dead trees in forests are home to several organisms interacting with each other. However, research on the interactions between Myxomycetes and other organisms has not progressed. This study investigated the interactions between Myxomycetes, which depends on dead trees in forests, and Collembola, which visits their fruiting bodies. It was hypothesized that Collembola may have viable myxomycetes spores inside and outside their bodies and experiments were conducted to determine whether these spores would germinate. The Myxomycetes families Cribrariaceae and Trichiaceae were collected from the study site and Collembola (Isotomidae) were extracted from the fruiting bodies. We waited for the Collembola to excrete and molt, cultured their feces and exuviae separately, observed germination from the spores, and calculated the percentage germination. Myxomycete spores were found in both feces and exuviae. This result suggests an interaction in which Myxomycetes provides fruiting bodies and spores as food for Collembola, and Collembola not only feed on them but also play a role in their dispersal. This study is significant considering it clarifies part of the interaction between Collembola and Myxomycetes. This study applied a novel approach, using a culture method with double-sided tape and slide glass for the long-term culture of feces and exuviae. This study demonstrated the potential for Myxomycetes to disperse spores by utilizing the endozoochory and epizoochory of Collembola. This study discusses the effectiveness of the spore dispersal of Myxomycetes via Collembola.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 103705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103706
Claudia Campillo-Cora , Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo , Paula Pérez-Rodríguez , David Fernández-Calviño , Vanesa Santás-Miguel
This review examines the complex interaction between heavy metals and soil microorganisms, focusing on five common heavy metals (HM) (chromium -Cr-, copper -Cu-, nickel -Ni-, lead -Pb-, and zinc -Zn-) in polluted areas worldwide. The systematic review was performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The literature selection procedure involved searching four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed) with a variety of search queries and inclusion and exclusion criteria. As a result of the review, 106 scientific articles that addressed Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and/or Zn effect on soil microorganisms between 2018 and 2022 were identified. Soil microorganisms, crucial for soil functions/functioning, are impacted by heavy metal pollution, affecting essential functions such as nutrient cycling, organic matter cycling, and carbon sequestration. Various microbial properties (microbial activity -including enzymatic activity-, microbial community composition/diversity, microbial biomass/abundance), reflecting heavy metal effects, show diverse microbial responses influenced by both heavy metal pollution and soil properties (soil pH, organic matter content, texture). Although extensive research has been conducted in this field, further studies are needed to better understand the intricate relationship between heavy metal (HM) pollution, soil microbial responses, and soil properties influence. This review explores the most common methodologies and their main challenges and underscores the need for methodologies to specifically assess HM toxicity. Understanding these details is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of HM pollution on soil ecosystems.
本文综述了重金属与土壤微生物之间的复杂相互作用，重点介绍了世界范围内污染地区常见的五种重金属（铬- cr -、铜- cu -、镍- ni -、铅- pb -和锌- zn -）。系统评价按照PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目）指南进行。文献选择过程包括搜索四个数据库（Web of Science、Scopus、b谷歌Scholar和PubMed），并提供各种搜索查询和纳入和排除标准。结果，在2018年至2022年期间，确定了106篇关于Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和/或Zn对土壤微生物影响的科学文章。土壤微生物是土壤功能的重要组成部分，重金属污染对土壤的养分循环、有机质循环、固碳等重要功能产生影响。反映重金属效应的各种微生物特性（微生物活性-包括酶活性-、微生物群落组成/多样性、微生物生物量/丰度）在重金属污染和土壤特性（土壤pH、有机质含量、质地）的影响下表现出不同的微生物响应。虽然在这一领域已经进行了广泛的研究，但需要进一步的研究来更好地了解重金属污染、土壤微生物反应和土壤性质影响之间的复杂关系。本综述探讨了最常见的方法及其主要挑战，并强调需要专门评估HM毒性的方法。了解这些细节对于制定有效的策略以减轻HM污染对土壤生态系统的不利影响至关重要。
{"title":"Effect of heavy metal pollution on soil microorganisms: Influence of soil physicochemical properties. A systematic review","authors":"Claudia Campillo-Cora , Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo , Paula Pérez-Rodríguez , David Fernández-Calviño , Vanesa Santás-Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines the complex interaction between heavy metals and soil microorganisms, focusing on five common heavy metals (HM) (chromium -Cr-, copper -Cu-, nickel -Ni-, lead -Pb-, and zinc -Zn-) in polluted areas worldwide. The systematic review was performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The literature selection procedure involved searching four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed) with a variety of search queries and inclusion and exclusion criteria. As a result of the review, 106 scientific articles that addressed Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and/or Zn effect on soil microorganisms between 2018 and 2022 were identified. Soil microorganisms, crucial for soil functions/functioning, are impacted by heavy metal pollution, affecting essential functions such as nutrient cycling, organic matter cycling, and carbon sequestration. Various microbial properties (microbial activity -including enzymatic activity-, microbial community composition/diversity, microbial biomass/abundance), reflecting heavy metal effects, show diverse microbial responses influenced by both heavy metal pollution and soil properties (soil pH, organic matter content, texture). Although extensive research has been conducted in this field, further studies are needed to better understand the intricate relationship between heavy metal (HM) pollution, soil microbial responses, and soil properties influence. This review explores the most common methodologies and their main challenges and underscores the need for methodologies to specifically assess HM toxicity. Understanding these details is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of HM pollution on soil ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 103706"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103704
Lan Li , Xiong Zhao He , Yi Sun , Tianhao Xiao , Yang Liu , Fujiang Hou
Increasing soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage can help mitigate climate change and sustain soil fertility. Changes in herbivore and anthropogenic nutrient enrichment intensities can lead to dramatic shifts in the plant and microbial communities, soil organic carbon (SOC) and nutrient dynamics. However, the legacy effects of grazing and N enrichment on the biogeochemical processes remain unclear. Here, we conducted a 6-year rotational grazing (Stocking rates: 0, 8 and 16 sheep ha−1) and 4-year N-addition (N addition levels: 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha−1 yr−1) experiment to investigate how soil C, N and phosphorus (P) components respond to the legacy effects of grazing and N fertilization after a 3-year cessation of grazing and N addition treatments in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). We show that previous grazing significantly increased soil total nitrogen (STN), slightly increased SOC and decreased soil total phosphorus (STP); while previous N fertilization significantly decreased SOC, but it did not significantly alter STN and STP. Previous grazing at low stocking rates (≤ 8 sheep ha−1) might amplify the negative legacy effects of N fertilization on SOC, while a higher stocking rate would weaken the negative impacts of previous N fertilization on SOC. The interactive and synergistic impacts of historical grazing and N fertilization induced a significantly negative effect on STP. Previous N fertilization decreased soil microbial carbon (MBC) and increased soil available N:P, resulting in the reduction of SOC. The increase in plant diversity caused by previous grazing increased SOC, which counteracted the negative effects of increasing bacterial diversity. Previous grazing-induced decreasing bacterial community heterogeneity may lead to increased STN. Although previous grazing-induced increases in soil moisture and soil nutrient availability may have positive effects on STP, previous grazing-induced negative effects on STP may exceed those positive effects. Therefore, the legacy effects of grazing could be beneficial for improving soil C and N, but may increase the risk of soil P loss in the short term, while residual exogenous N could pose a detrimental effect on C storage over time. Reintroducing grazing and/or P addition may be an appropriate choice to offset the adverse consequence of N deposition in the context of global change. Our findings suggest that the stocking rate at about 8 sheep ha−1 could be a suitable grassland management technique for soil fertility sequestration and mitigating the negative influences of residual exogenous N in the QTP.
增加土壤碳(C)和氮(N)储量有助于减缓气候变化和维持土壤肥力。草食和人为养分富集强度的变化会导致植物和微生物群落、土壤有机碳（SOC）和养分动态的剧烈变化。然而，放牧和氮富集对生物地球化学过程的遗留效应尚不清楚。本研究以青藏高原高寒草甸为研究对象，进行了6年轮牧（放养率分别为0、8和16羊）和4年N添加（N添加水平分别为0、50、100和200 kg N ha−1年−1）试验，研究停牧3年后土壤C、N和磷(P)组分对放牧和N施肥遗留效应的响应。结果表明：以往的放牧显著提高了土壤全氮（STN），略微提高了土壤有机碳（SOC），降低了土壤全磷（STP）；前施氮肥显著降低了土壤有机碳含量，但对STN和STP的影响不显著。以往低载畜率（≤8羊/ ha - 1）放牧可能会放大氮肥对有机碳的负遗留效应，而较高的载畜率则会减弱以往氮肥对有机碳的负遗留效应。历史放牧和氮肥的交互和协同效应对植物STP产生了显著的负向影响。前施氮肥降低了土壤微生物碳（MBC），增加了土壤有效氮磷，导致土壤有机碳（SOC）减少。以往放牧引起的植物多样性增加增加了土壤有机碳，抵消了细菌多样性增加的负面影响。先前放牧导致的细菌群落异质性降低可能导致STN增加。虽然以往放牧引起的土壤水分和土壤养分有效性的增加可能对STP有积极影响，但以往放牧引起的STP的负面影响可能超过这些积极影响。因此，放牧的遗留效应可能有利于改善土壤C和N，但可能在短期内增加土壤P损失的风险，而外源残余N可能对长期的C储存造成不利影响。在全球变化的背景下，重新引入放牧和/或磷添加可能是抵消氮沉降不利影响的适当选择。研究结果表明，8羊/ ha - 1左右的放养率可能是土壤肥力封存和减轻QTP中外源残余氮负面影响的合适草地管理技术。
{"title":"Legacy effects of grazing and nitrogen fertilization on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Lan Li , Xiong Zhao He , Yi Sun , Tianhao Xiao , Yang Liu , Fujiang Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage can help mitigate climate change and sustain soil fertility. Changes in herbivore and anthropogenic nutrient enrichment intensities can lead to dramatic shifts in the plant and microbial communities, soil organic carbon (SOC) and nutrient dynamics. However, the legacy effects of grazing and N enrichment on the biogeochemical processes remain unclear. Here, we conducted a 6-year rotational grazing (Stocking rates: 0, 8 and 16 sheep ha<sup>−1</sup>) and 4-year N-addition (N addition levels: 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>) experiment to investigate how soil C, N and phosphorus (P) components respond to the legacy effects of grazing and N fertilization after a 3-year cessation of grazing and N addition treatments in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). We show that previous grazing significantly increased soil total nitrogen (STN), slightly increased SOC and decreased soil total phosphorus (STP); while previous N fertilization significantly decreased SOC, but it did not significantly alter STN and STP. Previous grazing at low stocking rates (≤ 8 sheep ha<sup>−1</sup>) might amplify the negative legacy effects of N fertilization on SOC, while a higher stocking rate would weaken the negative impacts of previous N fertilization on SOC. The interactive and synergistic impacts of historical grazing and N fertilization induced a significantly negative effect on STP. Previous N fertilization decreased soil microbial carbon (MBC) and increased soil available N:P, resulting in the reduction of SOC. The increase in plant diversity caused by previous grazing increased SOC, which counteracted the negative effects of increasing bacterial diversity. Previous grazing-induced decreasing bacterial community heterogeneity may lead to increased STN. Although previous grazing-induced increases in soil moisture and soil nutrient availability may have positive effects on STP, previous grazing-induced negative effects on STP may exceed those positive effects. Therefore, the legacy effects of grazing could be beneficial for improving soil C and N, but may increase the risk of soil P loss in the short term, while residual exogenous N could pose a detrimental effect on C storage over time. Reintroducing grazing and/or P addition may be an appropriate choice to offset the adverse consequence of N deposition in the context of global change. Our findings suggest that the stocking rate at about 8 sheep ha<sup>−1</sup> could be a suitable grassland management technique for soil fertility sequestration and mitigating the negative influences of residual exogenous N in the QTP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 103704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103703
Tingwen Huang , Xi-En Long , Weiguo Liu
Many studies have reported that changes in nitrogen (N) deposition affect the structure and diversity of fungal communities in moss crust soils, but few studies have addressed the seasonal patterns of soil fungal community response to N inputs in desert habitats. Therefore, we conducted a one-time field N addition experiment in March 2017 in the Gurbantünggüt Desert, northwestern China. Four N addition rates, 0 (CK), 1.8 (LN), 3.6 (MN), and 7.2 (HN) g N m−2 yr−1, were applied, and soil was sampled at different seasons. We found that the effects of N addition on soil fungal communities varied with season, with stronger effects in November and March compared to May. Seasonal variation strongly affected fungal community structure, composition, and function, with the highest diversity index in May. The impact of N addition on fungal communities is attributed to changes in soil pH, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus, while the effect of season on fungal communities is driven by changes in temperature, soil moisture and soil organic carbon. Additionally, season has a greater effect on fungal communities than N addition. Overall, the fungal communities in soils underlying moss crusts responded strongly to seasonal variation, but their response to N addition was seasonally dependent.
许多研究报道了氮沉降变化对苔藓结皮土壤真菌群落结构和多样性的影响，但很少有研究涉及荒漠生境土壤真菌群落对氮输入响应的季节模式。因此，我们于2017年3月在中国西北部古尔班塔 ngg沙漠进行了一次田间施氮试验。施氮量分别为0 （CK）、1.8 （LN）、3.6 （MN）和7.2 (HN) g N m−2 yr−1，并在不同季节取样。结果表明，施氮对土壤真菌群落的影响随季节而变化，11月和3月的影响较5月强。季节变化对真菌群落结构、组成和功能影响较大，5月份多样性指数最高。氮添加对真菌群落的影响主要由土壤pH、全磷和速效磷的变化引起，而季节对真菌群落的影响主要由温度、土壤水分和土壤有机碳的变化引起。此外，季节对真菌群落的影响大于N添加量。总体而言，苔藓结壳下土壤真菌群落对季节变化有较强的响应，但对N添加的响应具有季节依赖性。
{"title":"Effects of nitrogen addition and seasonal changes on moss biocrust soil fungal communities in a temperate desert","authors":"Tingwen Huang , Xi-En Long , Weiguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many studies have reported that changes in nitrogen (N) deposition affect the structure and diversity of fungal communities in moss crust soils, but few studies have addressed the seasonal patterns of soil fungal community response to N inputs in desert habitats. Therefore, we conducted a one-time field N addition experiment in March 2017 in the Gurbantünggüt Desert, northwestern China. Four N addition rates, 0 (CK), 1.8 (LN), 3.6 (MN), and 7.2 (HN) g N m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, were applied, and soil was sampled at different seasons. We found that the effects of N addition on soil fungal communities varied with season, with stronger effects in November and March compared to May. Seasonal variation strongly affected fungal community structure, composition, and function, with the highest diversity index in May. The impact of N addition on fungal communities is attributed to changes in soil pH, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus, while the effect of season on fungal communities is driven by changes in temperature, soil moisture and soil organic carbon. Additionally, season has a greater effect on fungal communities than N addition. Overall, the fungal communities in soils underlying moss crusts responded strongly to seasonal variation, but their response to N addition was seasonally dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 103703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103696
Jinpeng Ma , Lin Chen , Danbo Pang , Yinglong Chen , Mengyao Wu , Yaqi Zhang , Wenqiang He , Xuebin Li
Soil microorganisms are essential in maintaining terrestrial ecosystem function and are central drivers of soil-plant nutrient cycling. However, relatively few studies have explored the impact of precipitation and nitrogen (N) addition on soil microbial community structure beneath litter. In this study, we conducted a field simulation control experiment on litter decomposition under varying precipitation regimes (normal, increased by 30 %, and decreased by 30 %) and N addition levels (0 and 10 g m−2 y−1) in the desert steppe of Yanchi County, China. Our findings revealed that changes in precipitation and N addition promoted litter decomposition and caused the accumulation of soil nutrients. Specifically, N addition significantly increased nitrate nitrogen (51.95 %), ammonium nitrogen (42.92 %), soil organic carbon (6.81 %), and total phosphorus (7.82 %)(P＜0.05), decreased precipitation significantly elevated contents of nitrate nitrogen (26.80 %), total nitrogen (24.47 %), soil organic carbon (37.62 %), total phosphorus (22.78 %), and microbial biomass C (33.20 %) (P＜0.05). N addition decreased microbial biomarkers content by 1.13 %, but increased microbial diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener index (1.53 %), Brillouin diversity index (0.54 %), Pielou evenness index (1.12 %), Simpson dominance index (0.91 %), Mcintosh diversity index (1.11 %)) (P＜0.05). Meanwhile, decreased precipitation significantly enhanced microbial biomarkers content by 5.83 % and diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener index (3.67 %), Brillouin diversity index (2.16 %), Pielou evenness index (1.55 %), Simpson dominance index (1.82 %), Mcintosh diversity index (2.63 %)) (P＜0.05). We indicated the decreased precipitation enhanced the effect of N addition on microbial community and diversity, while increased precipitation showed the opposite trend. Redundancy analysis highlighted MBC as a critical factor influencing microbial community structure, accounting for 35.3 % of the variation (P＜0.01). This study provides valuable insights into managing and conserving desert steppe ecosystems.
土壤微生物对维持陆地生态系统功能至关重要，是土壤-植物养分循环的核心驱动力。然而，关于降水和氮添加对凋落物下土壤微生物群落结构影响的研究相对较少。在盐池县荒漠草原进行了不同降水（正常、增加30%和减少30%）和N添加水平（0和10 g m−2 y−1）下凋落物分解的野外模拟对照试验。结果表明，降水和施氮量的变化促进了凋落物的分解，引起了土壤养分的积累。其中，氮添加显著提高了硝态氮（51.95%）、铵态氮（42.92%）、土壤有机碳（6.81%）和全磷（7.82%）含量（P<0.05）；降水减少显著提高了硝态氮（26.80%）、全氮（24.47%）、土壤有机碳（37.62%）、全磷（22.78%）和微生物生物量C（33.20%）含量（P<0.05）。添加氮使微生物生物标志物含量降低了1.13%，而微生物多样性指数（Shannon-Wiener指数（1.53%）、Brillouin多样性指数（0.54%）、Pielou均匀度指数（1.12%）、Simpson优势度指数（0.91%）、Mcintosh多样性指数（1.11%））升高（P<0.05）。同时，降水减少使微生物生物标志物含量和多样性指数（Shannon-Wiener指数（3.67%）、Brillouin多样性指数（2.16%）、Pielou均匀度指数（1.55%）、Simpson优势度指数（1.82%）、Mcintosh多样性指数（2.63%））显著提高了5.83% （P<0.05）。结果表明，降水减少增强了氮添加对微生物群落和多样性的影响，而降水增加则相反。冗余分析显示MBC是影响微生物群落结构的关键因素，占变异量的35.3% （P<0.01）。该研究为管理和保护荒漠草原生态系统提供了有价值的见解。
{"title":"Responses of soil microbial community structure under litter to changes in precipitation and nitrogen addition in a desert steppe","authors":"Jinpeng Ma , Lin Chen , Danbo Pang , Yinglong Chen , Mengyao Wu , Yaqi Zhang , Wenqiang He , Xuebin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microorganisms are essential in maintaining terrestrial ecosystem function and are central drivers of soil-plant nutrient cycling. However, relatively few studies have explored the impact of precipitation and nitrogen (N) addition on soil microbial community structure beneath litter. In this study, we conducted a field simulation control experiment on litter decomposition under varying precipitation regimes (normal, increased by 30 %, and decreased by 30 %) and N addition levels (0 and 10 g m<sup>−2</sup> y<sup>−1</sup>) in the desert steppe of Yanchi County, China. Our findings revealed that changes in precipitation and N addition promoted litter decomposition and caused the accumulation of soil nutrients. Specifically, N addition significantly increased nitrate nitrogen (51.95 %), ammonium nitrogen (42.92 %), soil organic carbon (6.81 %), and total phosphorus (7.82 %)(<em>P</em>＜0.05), decreased precipitation significantly elevated contents of nitrate nitrogen (26.80 %), total nitrogen (24.47 %), soil organic carbon (37.62 %), total phosphorus (22.78 %), and microbial biomass C (33.20 %) (<em>P</em>＜0.05). N addition decreased microbial biomarkers content by 1.13 %, but increased microbial diversity indices (<em>Shannon-Wiener</em> index (1.53 %)<em>, Brillouin</em> diversity index (0.54 %)<em>, Pielou</em> evenness index (1.12 %)<em>, Simpson</em> dominance index (0.91 %)<em>, Mcintosh</em> diversity index (1.11 %)) (<em>P</em>＜0.05). Meanwhile, decreased precipitation significantly enhanced microbial biomarkers content by 5.83 % and diversity indices (<em>Shannon-Wiener</em> index (3.67 %)<em>, Brillouin</em> diversity index (2.16 %)<em>, Pielou</em> evenness index (1.55 %)<em>, Simpson</em> dominance index (1.82 %)<em>, Mcintosh</em> diversity index (2.63 %)) (<em>P</em>＜0.05). We indicated the decreased precipitation enhanced the effect of N addition on microbial community and diversity, while increased precipitation showed the opposite trend. Redundancy analysis highlighted MBC as a critical factor influencing microbial community structure, accounting for 35.3 % of the variation (<em>P</em>＜0.01). This study provides valuable insights into managing and conserving desert steppe ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 103696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103693
Yongliang Mo , Jiwei Li , Xiaotong Peng , Adrian Ho , Zhongjun Jia
Microbial methane oxidation under widespread suboxic environment is crucial for understanding methane emission. However, the role of aerobic methanotrophs in mediating methane oxidation and nitrogen fixation is less understood in oxygen-limiting environments. In this study, we identified diazotrophic methanotrophs under oxygen-limited conditions (initial O2 of 6–8 μM) in two contrasting habitats (paddy soil and marine sediment) using DNA-based stable isotope probing combined with amplicon sequencing. Consistently, we documented significant 13CH4 oxidation and 15N2 fixation after 740 days of suboxic isotope labeling. Sequencing analysis revealed the predominance of Methylobacter–affiliated aerobic methanotrophs in the 13C-labeled DNA fractions. These Methylobacter-like OTUs accounted for 97.86 % in paddy soil and 99.49 % in marine sediment of the total pmoA gene sequences; while relative abundances for the nifH gene sequences were 91.59 % in paddy soil and 99.49 % in marine sediment. Taken together, our analyses revealed that Methylobacter is responsible for methane oxidation and nitrogen fixation under oxygen limitation in both habitats, demonstrating convergent emergence of this aerobic methanotroph under oxygen deficiency.
广泛亚氧环境下的微生物甲烷氧化作用对于了解甲烷排放至关重要。然而，人们对限氧环境中好氧甲烷营养体在介导甲烷氧化和固氮作用方面的作用了解较少。在本研究中，我们利用基于 DNA 的稳定同位素探针结合扩增子测序，在两种截然不同的生境（水稻土壤和海洋沉积物）中鉴定了限氧条件（初始氧气为 6-8 μM）下的重氮甲烷营养体。一致的是，经过 740 天的亚缺氧同位素标记，我们记录了 13CH4 的显著氧化和 15N2 的固定。测序分析表明，在 13C 标记的 DNA 片段中，主要是与 Methylobacter 相关的需氧甲烷营养体。在水稻田土壤和海洋沉积物的 pmoA 基因总序列中，这些类似甲基杆菌的 OTU 分别占 97.86% 和 99.49%；而在水稻田土壤和海洋沉积物中，nifH 基因序列的相对丰度分别为 91.59% 和 99.49%。总之，我们的分析表明，在缺氧条件下，甲基细菌在两种生境中都负责甲烷氧化和固氮作用，这表明在缺氧条件下这种好氧甲烷营养体的出现是趋同的。
{"title":"Coupling methane oxidation and N2 fixation under methanogenic conditions in contrasting environments","authors":"Yongliang Mo , Jiwei Li , Xiaotong Peng , Adrian Ho , Zhongjun Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial methane oxidation under widespread suboxic environment is crucial for understanding methane emission. However, the role of aerobic methanotrophs in mediating methane oxidation and nitrogen fixation is less understood in oxygen-limiting environments. In this study, we identified diazotrophic methanotrophs under oxygen-limited conditions (initial O<sub>2</sub> of 6–8 μM) in two contrasting habitats (paddy soil and marine sediment) using DNA-based stable isotope probing combined with amplicon sequencing. Consistently, we documented significant <sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation and <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> fixation after 740 days of suboxic isotope labeling. Sequencing analysis revealed the predominance of <em>Methylobacter</em>–affiliated aerobic methanotrophs in the <sup>13</sup>C-labeled DNA fractions. These <em>Methylobacter</em>-like OTUs accounted for 97.86 % in paddy soil and 99.49 % in marine sediment of the total <em>pmoA</em> gene sequences; while relative abundances for the <em>nifH</em> gene sequences were 91.59 % in paddy soil and 99.49 % in marine sediment. Taken together, our analyses revealed that <em>Methylobacter</em> is responsible for methane oxidation and nitrogen fixation under oxygen limitation in both habitats, demonstrating convergent emergence of this aerobic methanotroph under oxygen deficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103695
Yuxuan Zhang , Mengya Lu , Zhiquan Wang , Kun Zhang , Bin Zhang , Reziwanguli Naimaiti , Shangyuan Wei , Xueli Ding
Straw return accelerates the decomposition of soil organic C (SOC), a phenomenon referred to as the priming effect. However, the interactive influence of nutrient supply levels on priming effect intensity and SOC sequestration in paddy soils still needs to be better understood. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the priming effect and associated changes in phospholipid fatty acids, enzyme activity, and microbial necromass following the addition of 13C-labelled rice straw (98 % atom) to soils under three nutrient supply levels during a 300-d incubation period. Our results showed that the addition of straw (5 g C kg−1 soil) with no-nutrient (S + Nu0), low nutrient (S + Nulow, 42 mg N kg−1, 10 mg P kg−1), and high nutrient (S + Nuhigh, 126 mg N kg−1, 30 mg P kg−1) supply increased total CO2 production by 42.9 %, 59.0 %, and 97.3 %, respectively, compared to the control soil. After 300 d, the cumulative priming effect was nearly doubled in the S + Nulow and tripled in the S + Nuhigh compared to the S + Nu0. Moreover, the intensity of priming varied with the incubation stage under nutrient treatments. Similar patterns of priming effect were observed across all straw amendments during the early incubation stages; however, the priming effect increased with the nutrient supply levels in the later stages. These patterns are linked to microbial metabolic limitation and resource acquisition strategies, as evidenced by a lower C-to-N stoichiometry of extracellular enzymes and necromass in the S + Nulow S + Nuhigh. A greater proportion of straw-derived C incorporation into SOC (indicated by higher levels 13C-SOC) in nutrient-enriched was found, which largely offset the native SOC losses, resulting in high SOC content by the end of incubation. Our findings highlight the critical role of nutrient supply in regulating the priming effect and the balance of SOC after straw return in paddy soils.
秸秆还田可加速土壤有机碳（SOC）的分解，这种现象被称为引诱效应。然而，养分供应水平对稻田土壤引诱效应强度和 SOC 固碳的交互影响仍有待进一步了解。在本研究中，我们研究了在三种养分供应水平下的土壤中添加 13C 标记的稻草（原子含量为 98%）后，在 300 天的培养期内引诱效应的动态变化以及磷脂脂肪酸、酶活性和微生物坏死物质的相关变化。结果表明，与对照土壤相比，在无养分（S + Nu0）、低养分（S + Nulow，42 mg N kg-1，10 mg P kg-1）和高养分（S + Nuhigh，126 mg N kg-1，30 mg P kg-1）条件下添加稻草（5 g C kg-1 土壤）可使二氧化碳总产量分别增加 42.9%、59.0% 和 97.3%。300 d 后，与 S + Nu0 相比，S + Nulow 的累积引诱效果几乎翻了一番，S + Nuhigh 的累积引诱效果则翻了三番。此外，在营养处理下，引诱作用的强度随培养阶段的不同而变化。在早期培养阶段，所有秸秆改良剂都观察到了类似的引诱效应模式；然而，在后期阶段，引诱效应随着营养供应水平的提高而增加。这些模式与微生物的代谢限制和资源获取策略有关，S + Nulow S + Nuhigh 中细胞外酶和坏死物质的 C-N 比化学计量较低就是证明。在营养丰富的情况下，秸秆衍生的碳有更大比例掺入 SOC（13C-SOC 含量更高），这在很大程度上抵消了原生 SOC 的损失，导致培养结束时 SOC 含量较高。我们的研究结果突显了养分供应在调节稻田土壤秸秆还田后的引诱效应和 SOC 平衡中的关键作用。
{"title":"Nutrient supply enhances positive priming of soil organic C under straw amendment and accelerates the incorporation of straw-derived C into organic C pool in paddy soils","authors":"Yuxuan Zhang , Mengya Lu , Zhiquan Wang , Kun Zhang , Bin Zhang , Reziwanguli Naimaiti , Shangyuan Wei , Xueli Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Straw return accelerates the decomposition of soil organic C (SOC), a phenomenon referred to as the priming effect. However, the interactive influence of nutrient supply levels on priming effect intensity and SOC sequestration in paddy soils still needs to be better understood. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the priming effect and associated changes in phospholipid fatty acids, enzyme activity, and microbial necromass following the addition of <sup>13</sup>C-labelled rice straw (98 % atom) to soils under three nutrient supply levels during a 300-d incubation period. Our results showed that the addition of straw (5 g C kg<sup>−1</sup> soil) with no-nutrient (S + Nu<sub>0</sub>), low nutrient (S + Nu<sub>low</sub>, 42 mg N kg<sup>−1</sup>, 10 mg P kg<sup>−1</sup>), and high nutrient (S + Nu<sub>high</sub>, 126 mg N kg<sup>−1</sup>, 30 mg P kg<sup>−1</sup>) supply increased total CO<sub>2</sub> production by 42.9 %, 59.0 %, and 97.3 %, respectively, compared to the control soil. After 300 d, the cumulative priming effect was nearly doubled in the S + Nu<sub>low</sub> and tripled in the S + Nu<sub>high</sub> compared to the S + Nu<sub>0</sub>. Moreover, the intensity of priming varied with the incubation stage under nutrient treatments. Similar patterns of priming effect were observed across all straw amendments during the early incubation stages; however, the priming effect increased with the nutrient supply levels in the later stages. These patterns are linked to microbial metabolic limitation and resource acquisition strategies, as evidenced by a lower C-to-N stoichiometry of extracellular enzymes and necromass in the S + Nu<sub>low</sub> S + Nu<sub>high</sub>. A greater proportion of straw-derived C incorporation into SOC (indicated by higher levels <sup>13</sup>C-SOC) in nutrient-enriched was found, which largely offset the native SOC losses, resulting in high SOC content by the end of incubation. Our findings highlight the critical role of nutrient supply in regulating the priming effect and the balance of SOC after straw return in paddy soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103694
Hao Wang , JinPing Chen , Mingxue Du , Yihao Ruan , Jiameng Guo , Ruixin Shao , Yongchao Wang , Qinghua Yang
Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) play a crucial role in plant-derived carbon utilization and decomposition and are influenced by the crop rotation system; however, our knowledge of how different agricultural systems impact CAZyme functionality is still limited. We conducted a metagenomic analysis to evaluate the functional genes of CAZymes in a 12-year in situ farmland with three commonly used crop rotation systems: wheat-maize rotation (WM), wheat-cotton rotation (WC), and wheat-soybean rotation (WS). We aimed to study the impact of long-term use of crop rotation, especially crop rotation involving soybean, on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and to gain an in-depth understanding of the CAZyme genes in context of the disparities in SOC. After 12 years, the SOC content was significantly higher in WS than in WC (5.44 %) and WM (17.6 %). Furthermore, the crop rotation system had a significant effect on the soil microbial communities and CAZyme function genes. Detailly, WS increased the phyla abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes and enriched the glycoside hydrolase (GH) and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM) genes; WC increased the abundance of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidota and enriched the polysaccharide lyase gene; WM increased the abundance of Nitrospirae, Candidatus_Rokubacteria, Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadetes and enriched the gene abundance of glycosyltransferases and auxiliary activity genes. Additionally, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria are key phyla involved in soil carbon cycling and collectively contribute >70 % of the total CAZyme functional genes, which highlights their importance. In addition, our results indicated that total nitrogen content played a major role in influencing genes related to CAZymes, especially those belonging to the GH family. Our study demonstrates that WS conferred the advantage of increasing SOC across the three crop rotation systems. CAZyme analysis revealed that WS's could potentially support the increased abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes in the soil community, at the same time potentially leading to increased number of GH and CBM genes in the soil, which may bolster the decomposition and transformation of plant-derived carbon, thus promoting an increase in SOC content. The findings of this study offer new insights into the microbial factors contributing to SOC enhancement in rotation systems.
{"title":"In-depth insights into carbohydrate-active enzyme genes regarding the disparities in soil organic carbon after 12-year rotational cropping system field study","authors":"Hao Wang , JinPing Chen , Mingxue Du , Yihao Ruan , Jiameng Guo , Ruixin Shao , Yongchao Wang , Qinghua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) play a crucial role in plant-derived carbon utilization and decomposition and are influenced by the crop rotation system; however, our knowledge of how different agricultural systems impact CAZyme functionality is still limited. We conducted a metagenomic analysis to evaluate the functional genes of CAZymes in a 12-year in situ farmland with three commonly used crop rotation systems: wheat-maize rotation (WM), wheat-cotton rotation (WC), and wheat-soybean rotation (WS). We aimed to study the impact of long-term use of crop rotation, especially crop rotation involving soybean, on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and to gain an in-depth understanding of the CAZyme genes in context of the disparities in SOC. After 12 years, the SOC content was significantly higher in WS than in WC (5.44 %) and WM (17.6 %). Furthermore, the crop rotation system had a significant effect on the soil microbial communities and CAZyme function genes. Detailly, WS increased the phyla abundance of <em>Proteobacteria</em>, <em>Actinobacteria</em>, and <em>Firmicutes</em> and enriched the glycoside hydrolase (GH) and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM) genes; WC increased the abundance of <em>Acidobacteria</em> and <em>Bacteroidota</em> and enriched the polysaccharide lyase gene; WM increased the abundance of <em>Nitrospirae</em>, <em>Candidatus_Rokubacteria</em>, <em>Chloroflexi</em> and <em>Gemmatimonadetes</em> and enriched the gene abundance of glycosyltransferases and auxiliary activity genes. Additionally, <em>Acidobacteria</em>, <em>Proteobacteria</em>, and <em>Actinobacteria</em> are key phyla involved in soil carbon cycling and collectively contribute >70 % of the total CAZyme functional genes, which highlights their importance. In addition, our results indicated that total nitrogen content played a major role in influencing genes related to CAZymes, especially those belonging to the GH family. Our study demonstrates that WS conferred the advantage of increasing SOC across the three crop rotation systems. CAZyme analysis revealed that WS's could potentially support the increased abundance of <em>Proteobacteria</em>, <em>Actinobacteria</em> and <em>Firmicutes</em> in the soil community, at the same time potentially leading to increased number of GH and CBM genes in the soil, which may bolster the decomposition and transformation of plant-derived carbon, thus promoting an increase in SOC content. The findings of this study offer new insights into the microbial factors contributing to SOC enhancement in rotation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103692
Danni Li , Yi Li , Shuihong Yao , Hu Zhou , Shan Huang , Xianlong Peng , Yili Meng
Soil pore distribution influences the permeability of gas, water, and solutes, affecting microbial activities such as nitrogen (N) mineralization. Understanding its impact on N mineralization and the subsequent N transformations is essential for managing compacted paddy soils. This study conducted incubation experiments on two paddy soils from typical Chinese rice regions, Northeastern meadow chernozemic Mollisols, and Southern umbric Ferralsols, under three bulk densities (1.0 g cm−3, 1.2 g cm−3, and 1.4 g cm−3) to investigate the effects of soil porosity on N mineralization and N cycling functional genes. Although the cumulative mineralized N showed no significant difference, with increased macropores (>100 μm) and mesopores (30–100 μm), Ferralsols exhibited a significantly higher net N mineralization rate from day 0 to day 7, while Mollisols extended the mineralization after day 21. Soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) had a similar temporal trend to the net N mineralization rate, suggesting DOC was the product of mineralization. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) showed an opposite temporal trend to the net N mineralization rate in Mollisols, suggesting microbial biomass as a key N source for mineralization. Soil pores distribution did not affect nitrification under waterlogged conditions, but it affected nirK, nirS and nosZ genes by altering redox potential and substrates availability in the pore micro-environment. Overall, soil pores over 30 μm were the key pore size ranges affecting the intensity and duration of N mineralization, with different effects on DOC, MBC, and N cycling functional genes in Mollisols and Ferralsols. These findings emphasized the role of pore size in regulating N transformation in waterlogged conditions, contributing to the understanding of the N availability in compacted paddy soils from typical geographic rice-growing regions.
{"title":"Dynamics of nitrogen mineralization and nitrogen cycling functional genes in response to soil pore size distribution","authors":"Danni Li , Yi Li , Shuihong Yao , Hu Zhou , Shan Huang , Xianlong Peng , Yili Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil pore distribution influences the permeability of gas, water, and solutes, affecting microbial activities such as nitrogen (N) mineralization. Understanding its impact on N mineralization and the subsequent N transformations is essential for managing compacted paddy soils. This study conducted incubation experiments on two paddy soils from typical Chinese rice regions, Northeastern meadow chernozemic Mollisols, and Southern umbric Ferralsols, under three bulk densities (1.0 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, 1.2 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, and 1.4 g cm<sup>−3</sup>) to investigate the effects of soil porosity on N mineralization and N cycling functional genes. Although the cumulative mineralized N showed no significant difference, with increased macropores (>100 μm) and mesopores (30–100 μm), Ferralsols exhibited a significantly higher net N mineralization rate from day 0 to day 7, while Mollisols extended the mineralization after day 21. Soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) had a similar temporal trend to the net N mineralization rate, suggesting DOC was the product of mineralization. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) showed an opposite temporal trend to the net N mineralization rate in Mollisols, suggesting microbial biomass as a key N source for mineralization. Soil pores distribution did not affect nitrification under waterlogged conditions, but it affected <em>nirK</em>, <em>nirS</em> and <em>nosZ</em> genes by altering redox potential and substrates availability in the pore micro-environment. Overall, soil pores over 30 μm were the key pore size ranges affecting the intensity and duration of N mineralization, with different effects on DOC, MBC, and N cycling functional genes in Mollisols and Ferralsols. These findings emphasized the role of pore size in regulating N transformation in waterlogged conditions, contributing to the understanding of the N availability in compacted paddy soils from typical geographic rice-growing regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103692"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103690
Elena Kost , Dominika Kundel , Rafaela Feola Conz , Paul Mäder , Hans-Martin Krause , Johan Six , Jochen Mayer , Martin Hartmann
The impacts of climate change, such as drought, can affect soil microbial communities. These communities are crucial for soil functioning and crop production. Organic and conventional cropping systems can promote distinct soil microbiomes and soil organic carbon contents, which might generate different capacities to mitigate drought effects on these cropping systems. A field-scale drought simulation was performed in long-term organically and conventionally managed cropping systems differing in fertilization and pesticide application. The soil microbiome was assessed during and after drought in bulk soil, rhizosphere, and roots of wheat. We found that drought reduced soil respiration and altered microbial community structures, affecting fungi in the bulk soil and rhizosphere more strongly than prokaryotes. Microbial communities associated with crops (i.e. rhizosphere and root) were more strongly influenced by drought compared to bulk soil communities. Drought legacy effects were observed in the bulk soil after harvesting and rewetting. The extent of the structural shifts in the soil microbiome in response to severe drought did not differ significantly between the organic and conventional cropping systems but each cropping system maintained a unique microbiome under drought. All cropping systems showed relative increases in potential plant growth-promoting genera under drought but some genera such as Streptomyces, Rhizophagus, Actinomadura, and Aneurinibacillus showed system-specific drought responses. This agricultural field study indicated that fungal communities might be less resistant to drought than prokaryotic communities in cropping systems and these effects get more pronounced in closer association with plants. Organic fertilization and the associated increase in soil organic carbon, or the reduction in pesticide application might not have the proposed ability to buffer severe drought stress on soil microbial taxonomic diversity. Yet, it remains to be elucidated whether the ability to maintain system-specific soil microbiomes also during drought translates into different functional capabilities to cope with the stress.
{"title":"Soil microbial resistance and resilience to drought under organic and conventional farming","authors":"Elena Kost , Dominika Kundel , Rafaela Feola Conz , Paul Mäder , Hans-Martin Krause , Johan Six , Jochen Mayer , Martin Hartmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejsobi.2024.103690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impacts of climate change, such as drought, can affect soil microbial communities. These communities are crucial for soil functioning and crop production. Organic and conventional cropping systems can promote distinct soil microbiomes and soil organic carbon contents, which might generate different capacities to mitigate drought effects on these cropping systems. A field-scale drought simulation was performed in long-term organically and conventionally managed cropping systems differing in fertilization and pesticide application. The soil microbiome was assessed during and after drought in bulk soil, rhizosphere, and roots of wheat. We found that drought reduced soil respiration and altered microbial community structures, affecting fungi in the bulk soil and rhizosphere more strongly than prokaryotes. Microbial communities associated with crops (i.e. rhizosphere and root) were more strongly influenced by drought compared to bulk soil communities. Drought legacy effects were observed in the bulk soil after harvesting and rewetting. The extent of the structural shifts in the soil microbiome in response to severe drought did not differ significantly between the organic and conventional cropping systems but each cropping system maintained a unique microbiome under drought. All cropping systems showed relative increases in potential plant growth-promoting genera under drought but some genera such as <em>Streptomyces</em>, <em>Rhizophagus, Actinomadura</em>, and <em>Aneurinibacillus</em> showed system-specific drought responses. This agricultural field study indicated that fungal communities might be less resistant to drought than prokaryotic communities in cropping systems and these effects get more pronounced in closer association with plants. Organic fertilization and the associated increase in soil organic carbon, or the reduction in pesticide application might not have the proposed ability to buffer severe drought stress on soil microbial taxonomic diversity. Yet, it remains to be elucidated whether the ability to maintain system-specific soil microbiomes also during drought translates into different functional capabilities to cope with the stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12057,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Soil Biology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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