Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.01021
Dr. Taimoor Kayani
This study explores a postmodern analysis of film adaptation of E.M. Forster’s Maurice. It examines the difference between the novel and its film adaptation with the help of postmodern analysis. The research design of the study is qualitative, descriptive, analytical and applied in nature. Articles, journals, and books such as A Theory of Adaptation by Linda Hutcheon and Writing About Movies by Gocsik Karen are very helpful in postulating the analysis of Maurice. The main emphasis is made on the identification of the adaptation of source text Maurice by E.M. Forster. In order to achieve this goal, first of all, a review of the previous works that are related to Maurice in the field of Literature is taken into account. Secondly, an understanding of A Theory of Adaptation by Linda Hutcheon is taken into account. Also A Theory of Adaptation from different perspectives such as the appeal of adaptation, intentionality in adaptation, transcultural adaptation and the pleasures of adaptation. The findings of this study show the difference between the novel and its film adaptation in the form of cinematography, visual, arts, location, gender, wardrobe, costume, etc. In the novel, rather different plot is used than the film. In the film, the focus is only on the subplots of the novel for cinematography. In other words, there is a difference between the original text and its adaptation. This study is helpful for learners who are trying to learn and teach film adaptation.
{"title":"A Postmodern Analysis of Film Adaptation of E.M. Forster’s Maurice","authors":"Dr. Taimoor Kayani","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.01021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.01021","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores a postmodern analysis of film adaptation of E.M. Forster’s Maurice. It examines the difference between the novel and its film adaptation with the help of postmodern analysis. The research design of the study is qualitative, descriptive, analytical and applied in nature. Articles, journals, and books such as A Theory of Adaptation by Linda Hutcheon and Writing About Movies by Gocsik Karen are very helpful in postulating the analysis of Maurice. The main emphasis is made on the identification of the adaptation of source text Maurice by E.M. Forster. In order to achieve this goal, first of all, a review of the previous works that are related to Maurice in the field of Literature is taken into account. Secondly, an understanding of A Theory of Adaptation by Linda Hutcheon is taken into account. Also A Theory of Adaptation from different perspectives such as the appeal of adaptation, intentionality in adaptation, transcultural adaptation and the pleasures of adaptation. The findings of this study show the difference between the novel and its film adaptation in the form of cinematography, visual, arts, location, gender, wardrobe, costume, etc. In the novel, rather different plot is used than the film. In the film, the focus is only on the subplots of the novel for cinematography. In other words, there is a difference between the original text and its adaptation. This study is helpful for learners who are trying to learn and teach film adaptation.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117294294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.01024
Maria Fatima Dogar
This study analyzed the acoustic properties of post alveolar voiced fricative /Ʒ/ consonant. It investigated how Pakistani English is a separate variety from BBC English on the basis of different pronunciation patterns of /Ʒ/ consonant. Pakistani English had been considered as a distinct variety from standard English for the last two decades. This qualitative research depicted the inclusive picture of /Ʒ/ consonant in BBC and Pakistani English by considering the recordings on PRAAT software. Acoustic parameters such as center of gravity (COG), harmonic to noise ratio (HNR), F2 transition of the following vowel and spectrogram were used to determine the voicing, place of articulation and manner of articulation of the consonant. COG and HNR in Pakistani English /Ʒ/ consonant, showed that there was more voicing because of the vibration of vocal cords. F2 transition of the following vowel explained that the position of tongue is more back to post alveolar position and contact of the tongue is less with the palate. Spectral analysis indicated that there is no friction and air passes along the sides of the tongue which are the properties of approximants. The result of the acoustic analysis showed that Pakistani speakers pronounced /Ʒ/ consonant like English /j/ consonant. So, this investigation assisted in proving that Pakistani English is a separate variety because Pakistani English speakers realized /Ʒ/ consonant differently from BBC speakers.
{"title":"Acoustic Analysis of Post Alveolar Voiced Fricative Consonant / Ʒ / in Pakistani English","authors":"Maria Fatima Dogar","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.01024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.01024","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the acoustic properties of post alveolar voiced fricative /Ʒ/ consonant. It investigated how Pakistani English is a separate variety from BBC English on the basis of different pronunciation patterns of /Ʒ/ consonant. Pakistani English had been considered as a distinct variety from standard English for the last two decades. This qualitative research depicted the inclusive picture of /Ʒ/ consonant in BBC and Pakistani English by considering the recordings on PRAAT software. Acoustic parameters such as center of gravity (COG), harmonic to noise ratio (HNR), F2 transition of the following vowel and spectrogram were used to determine the voicing, place of articulation and manner of articulation of the consonant. COG and HNR in Pakistani English /Ʒ/ consonant, showed that there was more voicing because of the vibration of vocal cords. F2 transition of the following vowel explained that the position of tongue is more back to post alveolar position and contact of the tongue is less with the palate. Spectral analysis indicated that there is no friction and air passes along the sides of the tongue which are the properties of approximants. The result of the acoustic analysis showed that Pakistani speakers pronounced /Ʒ/ consonant like English /j/ consonant. So, this investigation assisted in proving that Pakistani English is a separate variety because Pakistani English speakers realized /Ʒ/ consonant differently from BBC speakers.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122743015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.01022
Abdul-Rahman Mian
Nowadays, the most widely used language in academic settings is English because in the last few years there has been an immense increase in English Language Teaching at all dimensions in Pakistan. Fundamental reason for this review study is to add to the perspective of code-switching to have positive effects on teaching. This study also investigates language choice and use, and reasons of code-switching by the English Language Teachers. To achieve the aims of this study, descriptive qualitative research methodology was adopted and all the five articles were selected through random sampling technique. In the selected articles, qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used in which interviews; semi-structured interviews, questionnaire and observations were utilized as tools for data collection from the teachers of English Language. Samples of selected articles being reviewed, consisted of English Language Teachers at university level. This review study has also a limitation because only five (05) selected articles were reviewed. Therefore, the findings are not generalizable. After reviewing the articles it has come to notice that most of the Pakistani experts/teachers are in the favor of meaningful use of code-switching but some of the experts/teachers asserted that CS in L2 learning settings is not so far a useful strategy. The findings of this review study can prove to be helpful for both English Language teachers and language policy makers to utilize code-switching as a useful teaching methodology in Pakistani context.
{"title":"Attitudes of English Language Teachers towards Code-switching (CS) in Pakistani Classrooms: A Review of five selected Articles","authors":"Abdul-Rahman Mian","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.01022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.01022","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the most widely used language in academic settings is English because in the last few years there has been an immense increase in English Language Teaching at all dimensions in Pakistan. Fundamental reason for this review study is to add to the perspective of code-switching to have positive effects on teaching. This study also investigates language choice and use, and reasons of code-switching by the English Language Teachers. To achieve the aims of this study, descriptive qualitative research methodology was adopted and all the five articles were selected through random sampling technique. In the selected articles, qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used in which interviews; semi-structured interviews, questionnaire and observations were utilized as tools for data collection from the teachers of English Language. Samples of selected articles being reviewed, consisted of English Language Teachers at university level. This review study has also a limitation because only five (05) selected articles were reviewed. Therefore, the findings are not generalizable. After reviewing the articles it has come to notice that most of the Pakistani experts/teachers are in the favor of meaningful use of code-switching but some of the experts/teachers asserted that CS in L2 learning settings is not so far a useful strategy. The findings of this review study can prove to be helpful for both English Language teachers and language policy makers to utilize code-switching as a useful teaching methodology in Pakistani context.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130777188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.01025
Amna Khalil
This research explores the strains of modernity and its effects on human life, portrayed by D. H. Lawrence in his novel, The White Peacock. The futility of modern life that is evident in the writer’s outlook of this novel and the influence of modernization has been outlined in this paper, which is depicted through the lives of different characters that are struggling at various rungs of life and society. This research explores how industrialization and materialism have manipulated the thinking and decision making of human beings. It also determines that the moving away of human beings from nature and making the wrong choices to attain social-gratification is a consequence of materialized thinking. This leads to the conflict between self-fulfillment and social-gratification which makes life so futile that it eventually leads to death. Even after such a long time all the concerns that Lawrence explored in his works seem to be the problems of the present age. The conflict between self-fulfillment and social-gratification leads to the failure of man to realize his responsibilities that results in making the wrong choices and ends in disastrous relationships that ultimately leave one lost and vulnerable. It is manifested through this research report that if human beings become aware of their responsibilities rather than following their desires blindly, the effort can be made to change the futility of life into a meaningful one.
{"title":"The Futility of Modern Life in the novel The White Peacock by D. H. Lawrence","authors":"Amna Khalil","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.01025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.01025","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the strains of modernity and its effects on human life, portrayed by D. H. Lawrence in his novel, The White Peacock. The futility of modern life that is evident in the writer’s outlook of this novel and the influence of modernization has been outlined in this paper, which is depicted through the lives of different characters that are struggling at various rungs of life and society. This research explores how industrialization and materialism have manipulated the thinking and decision making of human beings. It also determines that the moving away of human beings from nature and making the wrong choices to attain social-gratification is a consequence of materialized thinking. This leads to the conflict between self-fulfillment and social-gratification which makes life so futile that it eventually leads to death. Even after such a long time all the concerns that Lawrence explored in his works seem to be the problems of the present age. The conflict between self-fulfillment and social-gratification leads to the failure of man to realize his responsibilities that results in making the wrong choices and ends in disastrous relationships that ultimately leave one lost and vulnerable. It is manifested through this research report that if human beings become aware of their responsibilities rather than following their desires blindly, the effort can be made to change the futility of life into a meaningful one.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130944514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.01023
Maheen Aamir
The postcolonial regime has abundantly uncovered the subtle dynamics of colonialism, which are still rooted in the apex. Postcolonialism entails the liberation and political emancipation of the ones who are declared as ‘others’. The study examines the ‘othering’ of Muslim diaspora in polarized transnational space of the West with respect to Shamsie’s Home Fire. The novel shows the emergence of colonial binaries in the contemporary world in which Muslims have been dragged to the periphery. This marginalization and discrimination deprive Muslim diaspora to live their life with liberation and equality. Moreover, the research employs postcolonial lens on Home Fire to highlight the Western ideologies which tend to play games in order to adjoin Islam with terrorism. However, by treating Muslims diaspora as ‘other’ whose foreign nationalities can be revoked at any time, the West proves itself to be a radical culture. The study is poignant as it proposes the issues of homelessness, identity crisis, racism and depravation faced by Muslim Diasporas in Shamsie’s anew work. The research accentuates that any form of othering, be it cultural or religious, should not be taken for granted. In addition, the recurrence of colonial binaries of Self and Other in various visages should be addressed and decimated.
{"title":"The Other: Muslim Diaspora in Shamsie’s Home Fire","authors":"Maheen Aamir","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.01023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.01023","url":null,"abstract":"The postcolonial regime has abundantly uncovered the subtle dynamics of colonialism, which are still rooted in the apex. Postcolonialism entails the liberation and political emancipation of the ones who are declared as ‘others’. The study examines the ‘othering’ of Muslim diaspora in polarized transnational space of the West with respect to Shamsie’s Home Fire. The novel shows the emergence of colonial binaries in the contemporary world in which Muslims have been dragged to the periphery. This marginalization and discrimination deprive Muslim diaspora to live their life with liberation and equality. Moreover, the research employs postcolonial lens on Home Fire to highlight the Western ideologies which tend to play games in order to adjoin Islam with terrorism. However, by treating Muslims diaspora as ‘other’ whose foreign nationalities can be revoked at any time, the West proves itself to be a radical culture. The study is poignant as it proposes the issues of homelessness, identity crisis, racism and depravation faced by Muslim Diasporas in Shamsie’s anew work. The research accentuates that any form of othering, be it cultural or religious, should not be taken for granted. In addition, the recurrence of colonial binaries of Self and Other in various visages should be addressed and decimated.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117182367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.010136
Yusra Raees
This paper highlights the factors creating hindrance to attain intended language learning outcomes in the national curriculum 2006 of Pakistan at secondary level. The data collected from the public, private and semi-government schools using non-probability sampling to investigate learning and teaching practices in classrooms, and its assessment in classrooms as well as in Board Examinations. Mixed method approach was used for the said purpose; questionnaires from 300 students enrolled at Matriculation level and interviews from 15 teachers teaching for at least three years to the selected level. The findings bring forth the fact; due to use of Grammar Translation Method and Urdu as a medium of instruction, the pool of Urdu speakers is increasing though it is the mother tongue of only 8% population. Moreover, assessment system is a tool to test cramming ability of the student rather than language skills. Due to highlighted deficits in language teaching and assessment, English language is considered as boring and difficult subject by the learners.
{"title":"A Study to Highlight the Factors Affecting Implementation of Planned English Language Learning Outcomes at Secondary Level in Punjab, the Province of Pakistan","authors":"Yusra Raees","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.010136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.010136","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights the factors creating hindrance to attain intended language learning outcomes in the national curriculum 2006 of Pakistan at secondary level. The data collected from the public, private and semi-government schools using non-probability sampling to investigate learning and teaching practices in classrooms, and its assessment in classrooms as well as in Board Examinations. Mixed method approach was used for the said purpose; questionnaires from 300 students enrolled at Matriculation level and interviews from 15 teachers teaching for at least three years to the selected level. The findings bring forth the fact; due to use of Grammar Translation Method and Urdu as a medium of instruction, the pool of Urdu speakers is increasing though it is the mother tongue of only 8% population. Moreover, assessment system is a tool to test cramming ability of the student rather than language skills. Due to highlighted deficits in language teaching and assessment, English language is considered as boring and difficult subject by the learners.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121599968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.010135
Uzma Shaheen
This paper discusses the basic elements of a narrative by analyzing the short story "The Happy Prince" written by Oscar Wilde. The study, evaluation, and understanding of narrative are called narratology. Here in this paper, the narrative pattern of a short story is analyzed to elaborate narratology and its usage in narrative analysis. In the narrative analysis, the main focus is on the art of characterization, plot construction, narrative pattern of story, point of view and speech, thought presentation to make this short story more comprehensive and understandable for its readers. Special observation is made by representing some dialogues from the source text "The Happy Prince" by Oscar Wilde. In narratology the ideas of its main proponents such as Aristotle, Gerard Genette and Vladimir Propp are applied on source text to articulate the desired upshot. The aim to conduct this research is to illustrate narratology, narrative patterns and its application on literary text for its readers especially for the teachers and learners so that they can better interpret any narrative piece of writing.
{"title":"Narrative Analysis of Oscar Wilde‟s Short Story “The Happy Prince”","authors":"Uzma Shaheen","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.010135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.010135","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the basic elements of a narrative by analyzing the short story \"The Happy Prince\" written by Oscar Wilde. The study, evaluation, and understanding of narrative are called narratology. Here in this paper, the narrative pattern of a short story is analyzed to elaborate narratology and its usage in narrative analysis. In the narrative analysis, the main focus is on the art of characterization, plot construction, narrative pattern of story, point of view and speech, thought presentation to make this short story more comprehensive and understandable for its readers. Special observation is made by representing some dialogues from the source text \"The Happy Prince\" by Oscar Wilde. In narratology the ideas of its main proponents such as Aristotle, Gerard Genette and Vladimir Propp are applied on source text to articulate the desired upshot. The aim to conduct this research is to illustrate narratology, narrative patterns and its application on literary text for its readers especially for the teachers and learners so that they can better interpret any narrative piece of writing.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127101410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.010128
K. Khatoon
The current study falls in the area of Critical Discourse Analysis. It has been further classified in Metaphors Analysis of Political Discourse. The main objectives of the study are to identify metaphoric construction in Pakistani Political Discourse and to explore the ideology, identity, power and hegemony employed by the Politicians through metaphors construction in the speeches. The study addresses the leading research question: How politicians employ the ideology, identity, power and hegemony through metaphors construction in their speeches? The research is qualitative in nature because it involves the corpora of political speeches as research instruments to collect the data. Corpus driven methodology has been used for critical discourse analysis of metaphoric construction. The sample has been selected from the electronic media. Thirty speeches of selected Pakistani political party leaders were selected as sample of the study. Purposive sampling technique was used to draw the sample. The sample was further classified as Pakistan Tehrik e Insaf, Pakistan Muslim League and Pakistan People’s Party. Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA), Fairclough Nine Properties Model and Gee’s Seven Building Tasks Model were used to analyze the text. The analysis reflected that all the party representatives presented their ideology and identity in their speeches by constructing metaphors based on different domains, culture and social practices and all the representatives of the political parties constructed metaphors with the aggressive tone and intention to exercise power and hegemony on the opponent party. The study can be useful for Political influence and propaganda through metaphors.
{"title":"Metaphoric Construction: A Critical Analysis of Identity and Ideology in Pakistani Political Discourse","authors":"K. Khatoon","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.010128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.010128","url":null,"abstract":"The current study falls in the area of Critical Discourse Analysis. It has been further classified in Metaphors Analysis of Political Discourse. The main objectives of the study are to identify metaphoric construction in Pakistani Political Discourse and to explore the ideology, identity, power and hegemony employed by the Politicians through metaphors construction in the speeches. The study addresses the leading research question: How politicians employ the ideology, identity, power and hegemony through metaphors construction in their speeches? The research is qualitative in nature because it involves the corpora of political speeches as research instruments to collect the data. Corpus driven methodology has been used for critical discourse analysis of metaphoric construction. The sample has been selected from the electronic media. Thirty speeches of selected Pakistani political party leaders were selected as sample of the study. Purposive sampling technique was used to draw the sample. The sample was further classified as Pakistan Tehrik e Insaf, Pakistan Muslim League and Pakistan People’s Party. Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA), Fairclough Nine Properties Model and Gee’s Seven Building Tasks Model were used to analyze the text. The analysis reflected that all the party representatives presented their ideology and identity in their speeches by constructing metaphors based on different domains, culture and social practices and all the representatives of the political parties constructed metaphors with the aggressive tone and intention to exercise power and hegemony on the opponent party. The study can be useful for Political influence and propaganda through metaphors.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124502215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.010138
Hina Rafique
This research study is an attempt to analyze the play Where did I leave my Purdah by an Indian playwright Mahesh Dattani. Primarily, this research study focuses upon a discussion of the employment of the theatrical technique i.e. Play Within Play within the structure of the play by Dattani. Ervin Goffman‟s (1922-1982) notion of dramaturgical analysis (grounded on his social analysis) has been taken as a theoretical framework to reinforce the proposition that performance of the actors on stage resemble their actual lives. Contextually, the protagonist‟s creed to perform the role of Shakuntala, a heroine from the classic epic Shakuntala by Kali Dasa, a Sanskrit writer, in the play has been negotiated, subsequently contributing to this corollary that the characters in the play, in their acts to perform legendary roles on stage, actually present their own lives, psyche, self, emotions and personalities through their roles. The researcher has two arguments to carry in this research, first how the text embedded play within play technique in the structure, secondly application of Ervin Goffman‟s (1922-1982) notion of dramaturgical analysis on the characters and plot. Hence, the lives of characters and their role performance on the stage have been negotiated as echo-perspective in the play by the researcher. So, this research would be a positive addition to the body of modern Indian drama and Sociology. This is basically qualitative research in design and is based on textual analysis.
本研究试图分析印度剧作家Mahesh Dattani的戏剧《Where did I leave my Purdah》。首先，本研究的重点是讨论在达塔尼的戏剧结构中运用戏剧技巧，即戏中戏。高夫曼(Ervin Goffman, 1922-1982)的戏剧分析概念(以他的社会分析为基础)被作为一个理论框架来强化演员在舞台上的表演与他们的现实生活相似的主张。在语境中，主人公在剧中扮演莎昆塔拉角色的信条是经过协商的，莎昆塔拉是梵语作家卡利·达萨(Kali Dasa)的经典史诗《莎昆塔拉》(Shakuntala)中的女主角，随后促成了这一推论，即剧中人物在舞台上扮演传奇角色的行为中，实际上是通过他们的角色呈现他们自己的生活、心理、自我、情感和个性。研究者在本研究中有两个论点，第一，文本如何在结构中嵌入戏中戏的技巧，第二，运用Ervin Goffman(1922-1982)的戏剧分析概念对人物和情节进行分析。因此，研究者将剧中人物的生活和他们在舞台上的角色表现作为一种回声视角进行了探讨。因此，这项研究将是对现代印度戏剧和社会学的积极补充。这基本上是设计的定性研究，基于文本分析。
{"title":"Dramaturgical Analysis: Play With in Play as a Theatrical Technique in Mahesh Dattani‟s Play Where Did I Leave My","authors":"Hina Rafique","doi":"10.54692/jelle.2019.010138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2019.010138","url":null,"abstract":"This research study is an attempt to analyze the play Where did I leave my Purdah by an Indian playwright Mahesh Dattani. Primarily, this research study focuses upon a discussion of the employment of the theatrical technique i.e. Play Within Play within the structure of the play by Dattani. Ervin Goffman‟s (1922-1982) notion of dramaturgical analysis (grounded on his social analysis) has been taken as a theoretical framework to reinforce the proposition that performance of the actors on stage resemble their actual lives. Contextually, the protagonist‟s creed to perform the role of Shakuntala, a heroine from the classic epic Shakuntala by Kali Dasa, a Sanskrit writer, in the play has been negotiated, subsequently contributing to this corollary that the characters in the play, in their acts to perform legendary roles on stage, actually present their own lives, psyche, self, emotions and personalities through their roles. The researcher has two arguments to carry in this research, first how the text embedded play within play technique in the structure, secondly application of Ervin Goffman‟s (1922-1982) notion of dramaturgical analysis on the characters and plot. Hence, the lives of characters and their role performance on the stage have been negotiated as echo-perspective in the play by the researcher. So, this research would be a positive addition to the body of modern Indian drama and Sociology. This is basically qualitative research in design and is based on textual analysis.","PeriodicalId":127188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of English Language, Literature and Education","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132237891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.54692/jelle.2019.010139
H. Syed
Pakistani English is a non-native variety of English language as it shows different shifts from Standard British English. Every non-native language has a great impact of culture because language is culture and culture is language. It is obvious that many words of local languages become part of the variety of English that is spoken in a specific region. Cultural integration in Pakistani English is very dominant as it is syndicated with Urdu language because Urdu language is a national language of Pakistan declared by constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan 1973. Thus Pakistani English shows “Borrowing” from Urdu language and leads to the urduized and code-switched terms as an elementary part of English variety spoken in Pakistan. Recent studies show extensive research on Pakistani English in multi-dimensional avenues. This paper intends to highlight inclusion of Urdu words as a distinct part of Pakistani English (PakE). Qualitative approach has been used to signify Urduization in sample of writings which include newspapers, official letters and text books selected through convenience sampling technique. This study will highlight the word formation process in Pakistani English under parasol of Urduization phenomenon and how it opens the pathway of producing code-switched terms as an integral part of Pakistani English. Neologism will also be delineated in this study related to Urduized version of English spoken across Pakistan. For this purpose eminent works of M. Taalat, Tariq Rehman, Ahmar Mahboob and Baumgardner in the realm of Pakistani English will be discussed profoundly. Findings show Urdu language as a cultural integrant syndicated with Pakistani English explicitly. This study will open the avenues of conspicuous research regarding Pakistani English as a distinct variety of English at the verge of standardization.
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