Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174203
Jianyu Chen, Hui Xiao, H. Xiong, D. Xiao, Wei-Chang Song, Huaiqing Zhang
In this letter, a novel impedance matcher (IM) is designed based on Zeta converter to overcome the shortcomings of other impedance matching methods and improve the load range in low resistances. System-level verification demonstrates that the novel IM has a potential application value for microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) system. Measurement results show the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the novel rectifier with IM can reach 73% when the input power is 32 dBm. In addition, the proposed rectifier circuit with IM can operate with above 60% overall efficiency when the load varies from 0.01 to 10 $text{k}Omega $ (1:1000) as input power of 32 dBm. Compared with that without IM, the application of IM can increase the load range by at least 1100% when the rectifier efficiency is >50.7%. The measurement results demonstrate that the rectifier circuit has a better performance when connected to the novel IM.
{"title":"An Impedance Matcher for Microwave Rectifier to Broaden Load Range","authors":"Jianyu Chen, Hui Xiao, H. Xiong, D. Xiao, Wei-Chang Song, Huaiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174203","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a novel impedance matcher (IM) is designed based on Zeta converter to overcome the shortcomings of other impedance matching methods and improve the load range in low resistances. System-level verification demonstrates that the novel IM has a potential application value for microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) system. Measurement results show the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the novel rectifier with IM can reach 73% when the input power is 32 dBm. In addition, the proposed rectifier circuit with IM can operate with above 60% overall efficiency when the load varies from 0.01 to 10 $text{k}Omega $ (1:1000) as input power of 32 dBm. Compared with that without IM, the application of IM can increase the load range by at least 1100% when the rectifier efficiency is >50.7%. The measurement results demonstrate that the rectifier circuit has a better performance when connected to the novel IM.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1215-1218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46973498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174045
Jijun Ren, Xing Wang, Qinqin Cheng
When using short-wave power amplifiers (PAs) for long-distance communication, the output of the amplifier will have a series of in-band and out-of-band spectral interference problems introduced by harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion (IMD) because of the nonlinearity and memory effect of the amplifier. The existing harmonic cancellation methods include the use of filter banks for harmonic cancellation and digital harmonic cancellation, but these methods will either increase additional hardware resources or only work for harmonic cancellation, neglecting intermodulation. Based on the analysis of the Volterra series, the harmonic cancellation memory polynomial (HCMP) model is proposed. Experimental results show that at the same model complexity, compared with GMP model, the HCMP model has improved the harmonic cancellation ability at different frequency points, in which the second harmonic improved by about 8 dB and the third harmonic improved by more than 12 dB. Meanwhile, the IMD5 and IMD7 cancellation performance of the HCMP model is about 1.6 and 4 dB better than that of the GMP model.
{"title":"An Integrated Cancelling Method of Harmonic and Intermodulation Distortion of Short-Wave Power Amplifier Based on Digital Predistortion","authors":"Jijun Ren, Xing Wang, Qinqin Cheng","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174045","url":null,"abstract":"When using short-wave power amplifiers (PAs) for long-distance communication, the output of the amplifier will have a series of in-band and out-of-band spectral interference problems introduced by harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion (IMD) because of the nonlinearity and memory effect of the amplifier. The existing harmonic cancellation methods include the use of filter banks for harmonic cancellation and digital harmonic cancellation, but these methods will either increase additional hardware resources or only work for harmonic cancellation, neglecting intermodulation. Based on the analysis of the Volterra series, the harmonic cancellation memory polynomial (HCMP) model is proposed. Experimental results show that at the same model complexity, compared with GMP model, the HCMP model has improved the harmonic cancellation ability at different frequency points, in which the second harmonic improved by about 8 dB and the third harmonic improved by more than 12 dB. Meanwhile, the IMD5 and IMD7 cancellation performance of the HCMP model is about 1.6 and 4 dB better than that of the GMP model.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1223-1226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46692670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this letter, low-phase-nose multicore class-F voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) using coupled-lined-based synchronization topology are proposed. Compared to traditional resistance-coupled multicore VCOs, the proposed coupled-line-based topology improves the $Q$ of the small inductors in the millimeter-wave frequency range. Mode ambiguity is eliminated for a robust oscillation startup. Quad-core and oct-core VCO prototypes are designed and implemented in 65-nm CMOS process, which exhibit a measured frequency tuning range of 20.5% centered at 31.32 GHz. The quad-core VCO has a measured phase noise (PN) of −134.33 dBc/Hz and a corresponding FoM of 191.32 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset from 28.28 GHz. The oct-core VCO has a measured PN of −137.23 dBc/Hz and a corresponding FoM of 191.08 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset from 28.16 GHz.
{"title":"30-GHz Low-Phase-Noise Scalable Multicore Class-F Voltage-Controlled Oscillators Using Coupled-Line-Based Synchronization Topology","authors":"Jiayue Wan, Xiao Li, Zesong Fei, Fang Han, Xiaoran Li, Xinghua Wang, Zhiming Chen","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3170581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3170581","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, low-phase-nose multicore class-F voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) using coupled-lined-based synchronization topology are proposed. Compared to traditional resistance-coupled multicore VCOs, the proposed coupled-line-based topology improves the $Q$ of the small inductors in the millimeter-wave frequency range. Mode ambiguity is eliminated for a robust oscillation startup. Quad-core and oct-core VCO prototypes are designed and implemented in 65-nm CMOS process, which exhibit a measured frequency tuning range of 20.5% centered at 31.32 GHz. The quad-core VCO has a measured phase noise (PN) of −134.33 dBc/Hz and a corresponding FoM of 191.32 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset from 28.28 GHz. The oct-core VCO has a measured PN of −137.23 dBc/Hz and a corresponding FoM of 191.08 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset from 28.16 GHz.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1183-1186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42891922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3172398
Seonjeong Park, Songcheol Hong
This letter presents a four-way millimeter-wave differential Wilkinson power divider (WPD) with broadband characteristics using multisectional coupled inductors. To reduce the size effectively, one of the inductors is placed in a common path and the others in differential paths, which are mutually coupled with each other. It has a 90° rotational symmetric layout to minimize amplitude mismatches between channels. It shows a minimum insertion loss (IL) of 1.1 dB at 24 GHz and a peak isolation of 30 dB at 44 GHz. Over 20–44 GHz (~75% bandwidth), it also shows an IL of less than 1.8 dB and an isolation of greater than 14.5 dB. The measured input and output return losses show greater than 8 and 13.2 dB, respectively, in 20–44 GHz. The core chip is 0.35 mm $times ,, 0.41$ mm and is fabricated using a 65-nm RF CMOS process.
{"title":"Millimeter-Wave Wideband Differential Four-Way Wilkinson Power Divider With 90° Rotational Symmetric Layout","authors":"Seonjeong Park, Songcheol Hong","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3172398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3172398","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a four-way millimeter-wave differential Wilkinson power divider (WPD) with broadband characteristics using multisectional coupled inductors. To reduce the size effectively, one of the inductors is placed in a common path and the others in differential paths, which are mutually coupled with each other. It has a 90° rotational symmetric layout to minimize amplitude mismatches between channels. It shows a minimum insertion loss (IL) of 1.1 dB at 24 GHz and a peak isolation of 30 dB at 44 GHz. Over 20–44 GHz (~75% bandwidth), it also shows an IL of less than 1.8 dB and an isolation of greater than 14.5 dB. The measured input and output return losses show greater than 8 and 13.2 dB, respectively, in 20–44 GHz. The core chip is 0.35 mm $times ,, 0.41$ mm and is fabricated using a 65-nm RF CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1163-1166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45590009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This letter presents a K-band standing wave oscillator (SWO) based on digital-controlled artificial dielectric differential transmission lines (DiCAD-DTLs). By combining the unique property of constant phase and digitally controlled wide tuning range, the proposed design achieves a better balance between phase noise and tuning range. A compact layout and high operating frequency are, hence, possible, since DiCAD-DTLs in this design behave like a resonator instead of a capacitor bank. This chip was fabricated in a standard 0.13-$mu text{m}$ CMOS process with an area of 0.035 mm2. It achieves a tuning range from 19.2 to 21.6 GHz. The measured phase noise is around −104.7 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset. This oscillator including buffer consumes 5 mA from a 1.5-V supply, demonstrating a figure of merit (FOM) and FOM$mathrm {_{T}}$ of −181.8 and −183.3 dBc/Hz, respectively.
{"title":"A K-Band CMOS Standing Wave Oscillator Using Digital-Controlled Artificial Dielectric Differential Transmission Lines","authors":"Yun Li, Xuepu Wu, J. Gu, Q. Gu, Zhiwei Xu, Xiaopeng Yu","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3175727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3175727","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a K-band standing wave oscillator (SWO) based on digital-controlled artificial dielectric differential transmission lines (DiCAD-DTLs). By combining the unique property of constant phase and digitally controlled wide tuning range, the proposed design achieves a better balance between phase noise and tuning range. A compact layout and high operating frequency are, hence, possible, since DiCAD-DTLs in this design behave like a resonator instead of a capacitor bank. This chip was fabricated in a standard 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$mu text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process with an area of 0.035 mm2. It achieves a tuning range from 19.2 to 21.6 GHz. The measured phase noise is around −104.7 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset. This oscillator including buffer consumes 5 mA from a 1.5-V supply, demonstrating a figure of merit (FOM) and FOM<inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$mathrm {_{T}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of −181.8 and −183.3 dBc/Hz, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1195-1198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48022754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3169287
Mohamad Basim Alabd, Benjamin Nuss, Lucas Giroto de Oliveira, A. Diewald, Yueheng Li, T. Zwick
This letter presents a novel approach for receiving the communication data integrated with radar signals based on chirp sequence (CS). The receiving procedure mainly depends on evaluating a part of the receive signal and correlating it with a reference chirp within a narrow band to reduce the costs compared to the condition when the whole radar bandwidth is also appointed for communication purposes. The transmit signal, in its turn, is an adaption of long-range (LoRa) communications to support both radar and communication features. A measurement setup including a field-programmable gate array as a proof concept is presented to evaluate the radar functionality. Finally, simulations and measurements in terms of the symbol error ratio (SER) are adopted to ensure the capability of the proposed method of integrating communication data within the radar signals.
{"title":"Modified Pulse Position Modulation for Joint Radar Communication Based on Chirp Sequence","authors":"Mohamad Basim Alabd, Benjamin Nuss, Lucas Giroto de Oliveira, A. Diewald, Yueheng Li, T. Zwick","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3169287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3169287","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a novel approach for receiving the communication data integrated with radar signals based on chirp sequence (CS). The receiving procedure mainly depends on evaluating a part of the receive signal and correlating it with a reference chirp within a narrow band to reduce the costs compared to the condition when the whole radar bandwidth is also appointed for communication purposes. The transmit signal, in its turn, is an adaption of long-range (LoRa) communications to support both radar and communication features. A measurement setup including a field-programmable gate array as a proof concept is presented to evaluate the radar functionality. Finally, simulations and measurements in terms of the symbol error ratio (SER) are adopted to ensure the capability of the proposed method of integrating communication data within the radar signals.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1247-1250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43403538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173794
Xiaobo Liu, Rui Lu, A. Zhang, Xiaoming Chen
In this letter, the existing Babinet principle is extended to two-dimensional complementary metallic elements on the interface of different substrates. Specifically, the existing Babinet principle requests homogenized substrate to cover complementary metallic elements. In order to break this restriction, the concept of effective relative permittivity is introduced to keep the original boundary condition unchanged. Further, the extended Babinet principle is expressed as a mathematical equation including vector fields of complementary metallic elements on the substrate interface. Especially, the proposed theory is related to the accuracy of the effective permittivity. In order to verify the proposed theory, the extended Babinet principle is applied to complementary metasurfaces with the approximate effective permittivity. Great consistence exists between theoretical and simulated results. Thus, the extended Babinet principle not only provides a theoretical approach to analyze complementary metallic elements on the substrate interface but also greatly enriches the physical connotation of existing Babinet principle.
{"title":"Extension of Babinet Principle to Complementary Metallic Elements on the Interface of Different Substrates","authors":"Xiaobo Liu, Rui Lu, A. Zhang, Xiaoming Chen","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173794","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, the existing Babinet principle is extended to two-dimensional complementary metallic elements on the interface of different substrates. Specifically, the existing Babinet principle requests homogenized substrate to cover complementary metallic elements. In order to break this restriction, the concept of effective relative permittivity is introduced to keep the original boundary condition unchanged. Further, the extended Babinet principle is expressed as a mathematical equation including vector fields of complementary metallic elements on the substrate interface. Especially, the proposed theory is related to the accuracy of the effective permittivity. In order to verify the proposed theory, the extended Babinet principle is applied to complementary metasurfaces with the approximate effective permittivity. Great consistence exists between theoretical and simulated results. Thus, the extended Babinet principle not only provides a theoretical approach to analyze complementary metallic elements on the substrate interface but also greatly enriches the physical connotation of existing Babinet principle.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1151-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48444277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3159096
T. M. Frutuoso, Joao Le, Yoann Berthoud, J. M. Pinheiro, M. Margalef-Rovira, P. Ferrari, G. Rehder, A. Serrano
In this letter, 3-D transformers based on transmission lines (TLs) working at mm-wave frequencies are presented. They were realized in a low-cost technology based on metallic-filled nanoporous membranes. Several transformers were designed and measured with different numbers of turns, from 1 to 6 turns. They exhibit working frequencies from 14.5 up to 110 GHz. The 1-dB bandwidth (BW) of the realized transformers is better than 12 GHz, and the insertion loss (IL) is between 1.1 and 1.6 dB, thus demonstrating a high efficiency at mm-waves. Transformers could be further improved by better optimizing the TLs and their return current path, which is a key parameter to be considered, given the distributed nature of the proposed transformers.
{"title":"Nanowire-Based 3-D Transmission-Line Transformer for Millimeter-Wave Applications","authors":"T. M. Frutuoso, Joao Le, Yoann Berthoud, J. M. Pinheiro, M. Margalef-Rovira, P. Ferrari, G. Rehder, A. Serrano","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3159096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3159096","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, 3-D transformers based on transmission lines (TLs) working at mm-wave frequencies are presented. They were realized in a low-cost technology based on metallic-filled nanoporous membranes. Several transformers were designed and measured with different numbers of turns, from 1 to 6 turns. They exhibit working frequencies from 14.5 up to 110 GHz. The 1-dB bandwidth (BW) of the realized transformers is better than 12 GHz, and the insertion loss (IL) is between 1.1 and 1.6 dB, thus demonstrating a high efficiency at mm-waves. Transformers could be further improved by better optimizing the TLs and their return current path, which is a key parameter to be considered, given the distributed nature of the proposed transformers.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1171-1174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46283669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174580
Chonghui Xu, Wei Shu, Jinghua Ye, Yang Yang, K. Huang, Huacheng Zhu
In this work, an electromagnetic black hole based on gradient-index metamaterials is designed and fabricated by drilling holes in easily available materials to achieve efficient microwave heating in multimode cavities. This black hole shows superior performance in improving the utilization of microwave energy when the real part of the relative permittivity varies from 10 to 80 and the loss tangent of the heated material changes within 0.1–1. Different volume fractions of ethanol aqueous solution are used as test material to verify the effectiveness of electromagnetic black hole, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
{"title":"Electromagnetic Black Hole for Efficiency Microwave Heating Based on Gradient-Index Metamaterials in Multimode Cavities","authors":"Chonghui Xu, Wei Shu, Jinghua Ye, Yang Yang, K. Huang, Huacheng Zhu","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3174580","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an electromagnetic black hole based on gradient-index metamaterials is designed and fabricated by drilling holes in easily available materials to achieve efficient microwave heating in multimode cavities. This black hole shows superior performance in improving the utilization of microwave energy when the real part of the relative permittivity varies from 10 to 80 and the loss tangent of the heated material changes within 0.1–1. Different volume fractions of ethanol aqueous solution are used as test material to verify the effectiveness of electromagnetic black hole, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1235-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46928278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173740
Stefan Mueller, R. Negra
This letter presents a distinct approach to linearize Chireix outphasing power amplifiers (PAs), which is leveraging the multilevel linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) concept. The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digital-like signal generation and distribution. The analysis of the architecture and a calibration algorithm are presented. The validity of the proposed concept is verified by the implementation of a prototype operating at 3.5 GHz, providing 42 dBm of peak output power. The prototype achieves −40.8 and −39.4 dB adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and 1.73% and 1.94% error vector magnitude (EVM) for a 64- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signal with 6.5 dB PAPR at 10 and 20 MHz bandwidth (BW), respectively. For an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signal with 8.3 dB PAPR at 10 MHz BW, the ACLR and EVM are −40.2 dB and 2.64%, respectively.
这封信提出了一种使Chireix异相功率放大器（PA）线性化的独特方法，该方法利用了具有非线性分量的多级线性放大（LINC）概念。所提出的架构仅对相位调制信号进行操作，因此与类数字信号的生成和分布兼容。对该系统的结构进行了分析，并给出了标定算法。通过在3.5GHz下运行的原型的实现验证了所提出概念的有效性，该原型提供了42dBm的峰值输出功率。对于在10和20 MHz带宽（BW）下具有6.5 dB PAPR的64正交幅度调制（QAM）调制信号，原型分别实现了−40.8和−39.4 dB的相邻信道泄漏率（ACLR）以及1.73%和1.94%的误差矢量幅度（EVM）。对于在10MHz BW下具有8.3dB PAPR的正交频分复用（OFDM）调制信号，ACLR和EVM分别为-40.2dB和2.64%。
{"title":"Phase-Only Multilevel LINC Architecture for Linearizing Chireix Outphasing Power Amplifiers","authors":"Stefan Mueller, R. Negra","doi":"10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173740","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a distinct approach to linearize Chireix outphasing power amplifiers (PAs), which is leveraging the multilevel linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) concept. The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digital-like signal generation and distribution. The analysis of the architecture and a calibration algorithm are presented. The validity of the proposed concept is verified by the implementation of a prototype operating at 3.5 GHz, providing 42 dBm of peak output power. The prototype achieves −40.8 and −39.4 dB adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and 1.73% and 1.94% error vector magnitude (EVM) for a 64- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signal with 6.5 dB PAPR at 10 and 20 MHz bandwidth (BW), respectively. For an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signal with 8.3 dB PAPR at 10 MHz BW, the ACLR and EVM are −40.2 dB and 2.64%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"1255-1258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42005493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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