Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3374101
Benjamin C. Maglio;Crisanto Quintana;Yoann Thueux;Peter M. Smowton
An InGaAs-InAsP-GaInP asymmetric stepped quantum well structure is proposed for unbiased detection and subsequent modulation of an incident continuous wave optical signal for application in compact, retroreflective, free-space optical communication platforms. Such operation drastically reduces onboard power consumption in large-area, pixelated arrays by driving only optically activated pixels. A modelling routine involving calculations of band structure, fraction of light absorbed, and responsivity have been used to analyse structures exhibiting an asymmetric quantum confined Stark effect. The proposed structure, compared with devices following similar modeling approaches, is predicted to exhibit an unbiased responsivity of 0.004 A/W enabling single pixel detection prior to triggering modulation. The calculated photocurrent of $4~mu $ A offers adequate signal to noise against dark current when operated in a photovoltaic mode. Furthermore, the strong blueshift in the ground state transition energy calculated for the applied field results in extinction ratios in excess of 4dB for the modulated signal. These findings suggest performance enhancements at a fraction of current onboard power consumption in modulating retroreflectors for compact, free-space optical communication platforms.
{"title":"Photovoltaic Modulating Retroreflectors for Low Power Consumption Free Space Optical Communication Systems","authors":"Benjamin C. Maglio;Crisanto Quintana;Yoann Thueux;Peter M. Smowton","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3374101","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3374101","url":null,"abstract":"An InGaAs-InAsP-GaInP asymmetric stepped quantum well structure is proposed for unbiased detection and subsequent modulation of an incident continuous wave optical signal for application in compact, retroreflective, free-space optical communication platforms. Such operation drastically reduces onboard power consumption in large-area, pixelated arrays by driving only optically activated pixels. A modelling routine involving calculations of band structure, fraction of light absorbed, and responsivity have been used to analyse structures exhibiting an asymmetric quantum confined Stark effect. The proposed structure, compared with devices following similar modeling approaches, is predicted to exhibit an unbiased responsivity of 0.004 A/W enabling single pixel detection prior to triggering modulation. The calculated photocurrent of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$4~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 A offers adequate signal to noise against dark current when operated in a photovoltaic mode. Furthermore, the strong blueshift in the ground state transition energy calculated for the applied field results in extinction ratios in excess of 4dB for the modulated signal. These findings suggest performance enhancements at a fraction of current onboard power consumption in modulating retroreflectors for compact, free-space optical communication platforms.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 5","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3397644
L. Roel van der Zon;Luis A. Bru;Pascual Muñoz;Daniel Pastor
This paper presents the design and characterization of an 8-channel integrated comb source spectral processor based on an arrayed-waveguide grating in loop-back configuration, with a channel spacing of 100 GHz. The arrayed waveguide grating has an unconventional mounting, for improved aberration and sidelobes. The design of the arrayed-waveguide grating, following a mathematical modeling method, is covered. The method presented gives an accurate result with the need for little computational power and no need for specific software. The devices, fabricated in a silicon nitride platform, are characterized for their spectral responses. The spectral processor is also characterized for both its amplitude modulation as well as the phase modulation. The phase modulation is characterized using optical frequency domain interferometry.
{"title":"The Design and Characterization in Amplitude and Phase of a Compact 8-Channel Loop-Back AWG Based Integrated Comb Processor","authors":"L. Roel van der Zon;Luis A. Bru;Pascual Muñoz;Daniel Pastor","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3397644","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3397644","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and characterization of an 8-channel integrated comb source spectral processor based on an arrayed-waveguide grating in loop-back configuration, with a channel spacing of 100 GHz. The arrayed waveguide grating has an unconventional mounting, for improved aberration and sidelobes. The design of the arrayed-waveguide grating, following a mathematical modeling method, is covered. The method presented gives an accurate result with the need for little computational power and no need for specific software. The devices, fabricated in a silicon nitride platform, are characterized for their spectral responses. The spectral processor is also characterized for both its amplitude modulation as well as the phase modulation. The phase modulation is characterized using optical frequency domain interferometry.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10521521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1109/jqe.2024.3372583
J. Hazan, S. Tondini, A. Nassar, K.A. Williams, E.A.J.M. Bente
{"title":"Two-section passively Mode-locked laser as a test for amplification and absorption parameters of a quantum well based InP optical amplifier at 1300 nm","authors":"J. Hazan, S. Tondini, A. Nassar, K.A. Williams, E.A.J.M. Bente","doi":"10.1109/jqe.2024.3372583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2024.3372583","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An Ikeda map iterative numerical model completed with an analytical Gaussian analysis and experimental measurements of complex pulse profile and phase noise performance at 10 GHz are proposed. This work aims to study and optimize the chromatic dispersion of a fibered mode-locked laser (MLL) based on a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) as part of a coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO). We will demonstrate that a close to zero anomalous dispersion regime is preferred as it allows the generation of optical picosecond pulses with minimum full width at half maximum (FWHM) and maximizes the absolute value of chirp and peak power. This guarantees the generation of narrow and diffraction-limited optical pulses after the chromatic dispersion compensating stage prior photodetection in order to lower the phase noise of the microwave signal generated at 10 GHz but also for high-order microwave harmonics synthesis.
{"title":"Complex Pulse Profile Optimization by Chromatic Dispersion Management in Coupled Opto-Electronic Oscillator Based on Semiconductor Optical Amplifier","authors":"Alexis Bougaud;Arnaud Fernandez;Aliou Ly;Stéphane Balac;Olivier Llopis","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3372575","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3372575","url":null,"abstract":"An Ikeda map iterative numerical model completed with an analytical Gaussian analysis and experimental measurements of complex pulse profile and phase noise performance at 10 GHz are proposed. This work aims to study and optimize the chromatic dispersion of a fibered mode-locked laser (MLL) based on a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) as part of a coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO). We will demonstrate that a close to zero anomalous dispersion regime is preferred as it allows the generation of optical picosecond pulses with minimum full width at half maximum (FWHM) and maximizes the absolute value of chirp and peak power. This guarantees the generation of narrow and diffraction-limited optical pulses after the chromatic dispersion compensating stage prior photodetection in order to lower the phase noise of the microwave signal generated at 10 GHz but also for high-order microwave harmonics synthesis.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 6","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140037400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-03DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3396425
H. Ahmad;M. A. M. Lutfi;M. Z. Samion;M. K. A. Zaini;N. Yusoff
The investigation of a fiber laser utilizing ytterbium-doped hybrid passively mode-locking, featuring a novel copper oxide-doped zinc oxide saturable absorber (CuO-ZnO SA), has been realized. The hybrid mode-locked (hybrid-ML) fiber laser integrates the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) technology with the CuO-ZnO-SA, producing remarkable characteristics with a central wavelength of 1045 nm, a 3-dB bandwidth spanning 18.26 nm, an ultra-short pulse width of 98 fs, a repetition frequency of 1.96 MHz, and an impressive signal-to-noise ratio of 51 dB. This research demonstrates a substantial enhancement in laser performance compared to NPR mode-locking alone. Notably, the pulse width experiences a significant compression, reduced by 39 fs, while the signal-to-noise ratio sees a noteworthy improvement of 11 dB. Furthermore, when contrasted with passively mode-locked pulse lasers relying solely on NPR technology, the hybrid passively mode-locked fiber laser attains a substantial reduction in output pulse width, surpassing 98 fs. These findings show the significant potential of the hybrid-ML system in the realm of ultrafast lasers, offering a promising avenue for future applications in cutting-edge research and technology.
研究人员利用新型氧化铜掺氧化锌可饱和吸收体（CuO-ZnO SA）实现了掺镱混合被动锁模光纤激光器。这种混合锁模（hybrid-ML）光纤激光器集成了非线性偏振旋转（NPR）技术和氧化铜-氧化锌可饱和吸收体（CuO-ZnO-SA），具有中心波长 1045 nm、3 dB 带宽 18.26 nm、超短脉冲宽度 98 fs、重复频率 1.96 MHz 和令人印象深刻的 51 dB 信噪比等显著特点。这项研究表明，与单独的 NPR 模式锁定相比，激光器的性能有了大幅提升。值得注意的是，脉冲宽度大幅压缩，减少了 39 fs，而信噪比则显著提高了 11 dB。此外，与完全依赖 NPR 技术的被动模式锁定脉冲激光器相比，混合被动模式锁定光纤激光器的输出脉冲宽度大幅缩短，超过了 98 fs。这些研究结果表明，混合 ML 系统在超快激光领域具有巨大潜力，为未来在尖端研究和技术领域的应用提供了广阔前景。
{"title":"98 fs High Energy Stable Hybrid Mode-Locked Nonlinear Polarization Rotation With CuO-Doped ZnO Saturable Absorber","authors":"H. Ahmad;M. A. M. Lutfi;M. Z. Samion;M. K. A. Zaini;N. Yusoff","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3396425","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3396425","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of a fiber laser utilizing ytterbium-doped hybrid passively mode-locking, featuring a novel copper oxide-doped zinc oxide saturable absorber (CuO-ZnO SA), has been realized. The hybrid mode-locked (hybrid-ML) fiber laser integrates the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) technology with the CuO-ZnO-SA, producing remarkable characteristics with a central wavelength of 1045 nm, a 3-dB bandwidth spanning 18.26 nm, an ultra-short pulse width of 98 fs, a repetition frequency of 1.96 MHz, and an impressive signal-to-noise ratio of 51 dB. This research demonstrates a substantial enhancement in laser performance compared to NPR mode-locking alone. Notably, the pulse width experiences a significant compression, reduced by 39 fs, while the signal-to-noise ratio sees a noteworthy improvement of 11 dB. Furthermore, when contrasted with passively mode-locked pulse lasers relying solely on NPR technology, the hybrid passively mode-locked fiber laser attains a substantial reduction in output pulse width, surpassing 98 fs. These findings show the significant potential of the hybrid-ML system in the realm of ultrafast lasers, offering a promising avenue for future applications in cutting-edge research and technology.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 4","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3372580
William Bisson;Alexandre Michaud;Pascal Paradis;Réal Vallée;Martin Bernier
We propose an energy transfer model with a cubic atomic population dependence to accurately model the behavior of various reported high-power erbium-doped fluoride fiber lasers operating near 2.8 microns. We first show that the previously introduced weakly interacting (WI) and strongly interacting (SI) models are not adequate for precisely modeling such high-power erbium-doped fluoride fiber lasers. We compare results obtained with the WI and SI models to the proposed model by simulating 4 different highly doped (7 mol.%) fiber lasers previously reported in the literature. Laser efficiencies and powers are reproduced with great accuracy. In addition, four other fiber laser systems based on erbium concentrations varying from 1–6 mol.% are also simulated with good accuracy using the proposed model with the exact same set of spectroscopic parameters, which confirms its validity for various erbium doping concentrations. Redshifting of laser wavelength is also taken into account by considering the full cross section spectra and computing signal powers over several wavelength channels.
我们提出了一种具有立方原子群依赖性的能量传递模型，以精确模拟各种已报道的在 2.8 微米附近工作的高功率掺铒氟化物光纤激光器的行为。我们首先表明，之前引入的弱相互作用（WI）和强相互作用（SI）模型不足以精确模拟此类大功率掺铒氟化物光纤激光器。我们通过模拟先前在文献中报道的 4 种不同的高掺杂（7 mol.%）光纤激光器，将 WI 和 SI 模型获得的结果与所提出的模型进行了比较。激光效率和功率都得到了非常精确的再现。此外，使用所提出的模型和完全相同的光谱参数集，还精确地模拟了铒浓度为 1-6 摩尔%的其他四种光纤激光器系统，这证实了该模型对各种铒掺杂浓度的有效性。通过考虑全截面光谱和计算多个波长通道的信号功率，还考虑了激光波长的红移。
{"title":"Modeling the 3-Micron Class Er-Doped Fluoride Fiber Laser With a Cubic Energy Transfer Rate Dependence","authors":"William Bisson;Alexandre Michaud;Pascal Paradis;Réal Vallée;Martin Bernier","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3372580","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3372580","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an energy transfer model with a cubic atomic population dependence to accurately model the behavior of various reported high-power erbium-doped fluoride fiber lasers operating near 2.8 microns. We first show that the previously introduced weakly interacting (WI) and strongly interacting (SI) models are not adequate for precisely modeling such high-power erbium-doped fluoride fiber lasers. We compare results obtained with the WI and SI models to the proposed model by simulating 4 different highly doped (7 mol.%) fiber lasers previously reported in the literature. Laser efficiencies and powers are reproduced with great accuracy. In addition, four other fiber laser systems based on erbium concentrations varying from 1–6 mol.% are also simulated with good accuracy using the proposed model with the exact same set of spectroscopic parameters, which confirms its validity for various erbium doping concentrations. Redshifting of laser wavelength is also taken into account by considering the full cross section spectra and computing signal powers over several wavelength channels.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 2","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140018546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A tapered fiber plasmon sensor with a tip angle of about 30 degrees was fabricated to realize optical absorption and application to an optical sensor using localized plasmon in the 1500 nm wavelength band. The sharp tip angle of a single-mode fiber (SMF) was well controlled by using a highly GeO2-doped single-mode fiber (SMF) and optimizing the etching conditions with buffered fluoric acid. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) with a diameter of 40 nm were deposited by treating the surface of a tipped SMF with silane coupling. The relationship between Au NPs deposition time and deposition ratio was studied to control Au NPs distribution and pursue higher sensitivities. The wavelength sensitivity of 662 nm/RIU was expected at Au NPs deposition ratio of 34.9 % in the analysis, and actually a high sensitivity of 677 nm/RIU at 35.3 % was experimentally demonstrated.
{"title":"High Sensitivity Characteristics of Tapered Fiber Plasmon Sensor With Gold Nanoparticles in 1500 nm Wavelength Band","authors":"Masahiro Yamamoto;Tianpeng Ji;Aya Miyazaki;Yuichi Matsushima;Hiroshi Ishikawa;Katsuyuki Utaka","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3366468","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3366468","url":null,"abstract":"A tapered fiber plasmon sensor with a tip angle of about 30 degrees was fabricated to realize optical absorption and application to an optical sensor using localized plasmon in the 1500 nm wavelength band. The sharp tip angle of a single-mode fiber (SMF) was well controlled by using a highly GeO2-doped single-mode fiber (SMF) and optimizing the etching conditions with buffered fluoric acid. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) with a diameter of 40 nm were deposited by treating the surface of a tipped SMF with silane coupling. The relationship between Au NPs deposition time and deposition ratio was studied to control Au NPs distribution and pursue higher sensitivities. The wavelength sensitivity of 662 nm/RIU was expected at Au NPs deposition ratio of 34.9 % in the analysis, and actually a high sensitivity of 677 nm/RIU at 35.3 % was experimentally demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 3","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A high-speed and high-power modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (MUTC-PD) is optimized and fabricated. The optimization method takes carrier transport as the core and considers the hole transport time limited bandwidth of the MUTC-PD for the first time. Taking into account the impact of the electron transport time and RC time constant on device performance, the device is simulated and fabricated. In structure epitaxy, it is proposed to use graded doping to fit Gaussian doping to reduce the epitaxial growth error. The measured bandwidth of the MUTC-PD reaches 34 GHz and the RF output power reaches 17.1 dBm with the mesa diameter of $20~mu text{m}$ . In addition, the influence of modulation depth on high-speed and high-power performance is studied.
{"title":"Bandwidth Optimization and Fabrication of High-Power MUTC-PD","authors":"Xuejie Wang;Yongqing Huang;Shuhu Tan;Jiawei Du;Mingxi Yang;Kai Liu;Xiaofeng Duan;Xiaomin Ren","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3367951","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3367951","url":null,"abstract":"A high-speed and high-power modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (MUTC-PD) is optimized and fabricated. The optimization method takes carrier transport as the core and considers the hole transport time limited bandwidth of the MUTC-PD for the first time. Taking into account the impact of the electron transport time and RC time constant on device performance, the device is simulated and fabricated. In structure epitaxy, it is proposed to use graded doping to fit Gaussian doping to reduce the epitaxial growth error. The measured bandwidth of the MUTC-PD reaches 34 GHz and the RF output power reaches 17.1 dBm with the mesa diameter of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$20~mu text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. In addition, the influence of modulation depth on high-speed and high-power performance is studied.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3367908
Alexander P. Bogatov;Alexander E. Drakin;Eugene A. Tsygankov;Maria I. Vaskovskaya;Dmitry S. Chuchelov;Kirill M. Sabakar;Vitaly V. Vassiliev;Sergey A. Zibrov;Vladimir L. Velichansky
We develop a self-consistent approach to calculate the spectra of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under a deep microwave modulation of the injection current. The treatment consists of solving a coupled system of equations for the concentration of electrons in the active medium and those for the amplitudes of spectral components derived from Maxwell’s equations. Their numerical solution demonstrates the specific asymmetry of experimental laser spectra under microwave modulation of the injection current. The presented method also accounts for the simultaneous modulation at multiple frequencies. We demonstrate that the laser spectrum can be controlled to some extent, namely, its carrier can be suppressed and the ratio of the first sidebands powers can be simultaneously changed by additional modulation of the injection current at doubled frequency. In addition, we show that the phase difference of these components is stable under variations of modulation parameters in a relatively wide range.
{"title":"Self-Consistent Approach for Calculation of VCSEL Spectra Under Deep Microwave Current Modulation","authors":"Alexander P. Bogatov;Alexander E. Drakin;Eugene A. Tsygankov;Maria I. Vaskovskaya;Dmitry S. Chuchelov;Kirill M. Sabakar;Vitaly V. Vassiliev;Sergey A. Zibrov;Vladimir L. Velichansky","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3367908","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3367908","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a self-consistent approach to calculate the spectra of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under a deep microwave modulation of the injection current. The treatment consists of solving a coupled system of equations for the concentration of electrons in the active medium and those for the amplitudes of spectral components derived from Maxwell’s equations. Their numerical solution demonstrates the specific asymmetry of experimental laser spectra under microwave modulation of the injection current. The presented method also accounts for the simultaneous modulation at multiple frequencies. We demonstrate that the laser spectrum can be controlled to some extent, namely, its carrier can be suppressed and the ratio of the first sidebands powers can be simultaneously changed by additional modulation of the injection current at doubled frequency. In addition, we show that the phase difference of these components is stable under variations of modulation parameters in a relatively wide range.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 2","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.1109/JQE.2024.3366470
Mikhail A. Shevchenko;Sofia F. Umanskaya;Konstantin I. Zemskov;Nikolay V. Tcherniega;Anna D. Kudryavtseva
In this work, for the first time, the property of particles to form close-packed layer in front of the freezing interface was used to increase the luminescent efficiency response for ruby and titanium-sapphire microcrystals water suspensions. An increase in the efficiency of luminescence response due to an increase in the concentration of particles at the freezing front, can be used for phase transition sensing. In addition, particles packing by freezing method can be used for tuning random laser generation or increasing the efficiency of different nonlinear optical effects in suspensions of particles.
{"title":"Freezing the Suspension of Laser Microcrystals—A New Way for Increasing the Luminescence Efficiency Response","authors":"Mikhail A. Shevchenko;Sofia F. Umanskaya;Konstantin I. Zemskov;Nikolay V. Tcherniega;Anna D. Kudryavtseva","doi":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3366470","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JQE.2024.3366470","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, for the first time, the property of particles to form close-packed layer in front of the freezing interface was used to increase the luminescent efficiency response for ruby and titanium-sapphire microcrystals water suspensions. An increase in the efficiency of luminescence response due to an increase in the concentration of particles at the freezing front, can be used for phase transition sensing. In addition, particles packing by freezing method can be used for tuning random laser generation or increasing the efficiency of different nonlinear optical effects in suspensions of particles.","PeriodicalId":13200,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":"60 2","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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