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Extraction, Characterization, and In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activity of a Neutral Polysaccharide from the New Medicinal Mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis (Agaricomycetes). 新型药用蘑菇云南Cantharellus yunnanensis中性多糖的提取、表征及体外降糖活性研究。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023049072
Zhang-Chao Pan, Yu-Zhuo Zhang, Zhi-Qun Liang, Yong Wang, Nian-Kai Zeng

Polysaccharides serve as promising ingredients for health-beneficial functional foods, while there were no investigations into the structural characterizations and bioactivities of an edible mushroom Cantharellus yunnanensis. In the study, crude polysaccharides from this mushroom were extracted by hot water and isolated by ethanol precipitation. Then, a neutral polysaccharide (named CY-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharide by deproteinization with Sevag reagent, decolorization with a kind of macroporous adsorption resin SP-825, DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography and dialysis. The physicochemical properties of CY-1 were characterized by UV, IR, SEM, NMR, and HPLC analyses. Structural characterizations revealed that CY-1 is a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.06 × 104 Da. CY-1 exhibited a honeycomb structure with an irregular branching shape, and it was composed of mannose, glucose, fucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid, with molar fractions of 54.83%, 25.11%, 10.28% 4.53%, 2.12%, 1.64%, 0.83%, and 0.64%, respectively. In vitro hypoglycemic tests showed that CY-1 had an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase. In addition, CY-1 of 160 µg/mL promoted glucose consumption in normal HepG2 cells. These results suggested that CY-1 may be a potential hypoglycemic agent.

多糖是一种很有前景的保健功能食品原料,但对云南Cantharellus yunnanensis食用菌的结构特征和生物活性研究尚不深入。本研究采用热水提取粗多糖,乙醇沉淀法分离粗多糖。然后,通过Sevag试剂脱蛋白、SP-825大孔吸附树脂脱色、DEAE-52纤维素柱层析,从粗多糖中纯化出中性多糖CY-1。CY-1的理化性质通过紫外、红外、扫描电镜、核磁共振、高效液相色谱等分析表征。结构表征表明CY-1是一种平均分子量为3.06 × 104 Da的均质杂多糖。CY-1呈不规则分枝状的蜂窝状结构,由甘露糖、葡萄糖、焦糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖和葡萄糖醛酸组成,摩尔分数分别为54.83%、25.11%、10.28%、4.53%、2.12%、1.64%、0.83%和0.64%。体外降糖实验表明CY-1对α-葡萄糖苷酶有抑制作用。160µg/mL CY-1能促进正常HepG2细胞的葡萄糖消耗。这些结果提示CY-1可能是一种潜在的降糖药。
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引用次数: 0
Chemical Characterization and Biological Functions of Hot Alkali-Soluble Crude Polysaccharide from the Water-Insoluble Residue of Macrocybe lobayensis (Agaricomycetes) Fruit Bodies. lobaymacrocybe lobayensis (Agaricomycetes)子实体水不溶残渣热碱溶粗多糖的化学特性和生物学功能。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023048522
Somanjana Khatua, Krishnendu Acharya

Macrocybe lobayensis owe popularity in several traditional cultures not only for delectable taste but also for its nutraceutical profile conveying great health benefits. Previous investigations have enumerated several bioactivities of the valuable mushroom such as antioxidant, anti-ageing, immune-modulation, and anti-tumor properties where polysaccharides played the key role. Macrofungi polymers are generally isolated by the conventional hot water process discarding the residue which still contains plenty of therapeutic components. The present study thus aimed to re-use such leftover of the edible macrofungus by immersing it in NaOH solution at high temperature supporting circular economy. Consequently a polysaccharide fraction, namely ML-HAP, was isolated that was found to be consisted of a homogenous heteropolysaccharide with molecular weight of ~ 128 kDa and β-glucan as the chief ingredient as evident by spectroscopy, gel-permeation chromatography, high performance thin-layer chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared. Antioxidant activity assays revealed that the macromolecules possess good radical scavenging, metal ion binding and reducing power. Nevertheless, strong immune-potentiation was also recorded as the extract triggered murine macrophage cell viability, pinocytosis, nitric oxide production and morpho-dynamics within 24 h where the best effect was executed at the level of 100 µg/mL. Altogether, the polysaccharides extracted from M. lobayensis exhibited a potent application prospect in functional food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and health care industries that could raise economic value of the underexplored mushroom.

大葱在许多传统文化中都很受欢迎,不仅因为它的美味,而且因为它的营养成分对健康有很大的好处。以往的研究已经列举了几种有价值的生物活性,如抗氧化、抗衰老、免疫调节和抗肿瘤等特性,其中多糖起着关键作用。大型真菌聚合物一般是通过传统的热水工艺分离,丢弃残渣,其中仍含有大量的治疗成分。因此,本研究旨在通过在高温氢氧化钠溶液中浸泡来重复利用食用真菌的剩余物,以支持循环经济。通过光谱学、凝胶渗透色谱、高效薄层色谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,分离得到分子量为~ 128 kDa的均质杂多糖ML-HAP,主要成分为β-葡聚糖。抗氧化活性测定表明,该大分子具有良好的自由基清除能力、金属离子结合能力和还原能力。然而,强免疫增强也被记录下来,因为提取物在24小时内触发小鼠巨噬细胞活力、胞饮、一氧化氮产生和形态动力学,其中在100 μ g/mL水平下效果最佳。综上所述,从罗贝菌中提取的多糖在功能食品、制药、营养保健和保健等方面具有良好的应用前景,可提高未开发蘑菇的经济价值。
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引用次数: 0
Activity Assay of Amylase and Xylanase Is Available for Quantitative Assessment of Strain Aging in Cultivated Culinary-Medicinal Morchella Mushrooms (Ascomycotina). 淀粉酶和木聚糖酶活性测定可定量评价栽培食药用菌菌种老化。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2022046420
Peixin He, Zhuo Chen, Ying Men, Miaomiao Wang, Wensheng Wang, Wei Liu

Strain aging has been mainly contributing to the "uncertainty" of Morchella farming. The situation calls for urgent quantitative assessment of strain aging in cultivated Morchella mushrooms. In this paper, systemic senescence of the productive strains of M. eximia, M. importuna, and M. sextelata was achieved through successive subculturing to provide subcultures with different degree of aging for further studies. Then the quantitative assessment of morel strain aging was conducted by activity assay of amylase and xylanase using dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. The results suggested that both activity of amylase and xylanase decreased along with the rise of subculture times. Meanwhile, the correlation between xylanase activity and time of subculturing in the tested morel strains was higher than that of amylase assay. Consequently, assay of amylase and xylanase activity by DNS method can be used in the quantitative assessment of morel strain aging, and assay of xylanase activity is the better alternative. The work will improve the settlement of "uncertainty" in the morel industry and thus be beneficial for stable development of morel farming.

菌种老化是羊肚菌养殖“不确定性”的主要原因。这种情况迫切需要对栽培羊肚菌菌种老化进行定量评估。本文通过连续继代培养,实现了产菌eximia、M. importuna和M. sextelata的系统性衰老,为进一步研究提供了不同程度衰老的继代培养。采用二硝基水杨酸(DNS)法测定淀粉酶和木聚糖酶活性,定量评价菌株老化情况。结果表明,随着继代次数的增加,淀粉酶和木聚糖酶活性均呈下降趋势。同时,木聚糖酶活性与继代时间的相关性高于淀粉酶试验。因此,用DNS法测定淀粉酶和木聚糖酶活性可用于霉菌菌株老化的定量评价,而测定木聚糖酶活性是较好的替代方法。这项工作将有助于解决羊肚菌产业中的“不确定性”,从而有利于羊肚菌养殖的稳定发展。
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引用次数: 2
Extrapolating Qualitative Mycochemical Profiling and Therapeutic Potential of Two Mycorrhizal Amanita Species (Agaricomycetes) from Pakistan. 巴基斯坦两种菌根伞菌的定性真菌化学分析和治疗潜力的外推。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023047505
Muniba Shafique, Abdul Rehman Niazi, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Zaheer

The present study was an attempt to evaluate the antimicrobial and anthelmintic potential of two Amanita species, i.e., A. orsonii and A. glarea, along with their qualitative mycochemical screening. Maceration technique was adopted to make crude extracts in non-polar (petroleum ether and chloroform) and polar (ethanol and distilled water) solvents. Qualitative mycochemical screening revealed the presence of a variety of secondary metabolites like terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and cardiac glycosides. Antimicrobial activities were carried out by using agar well diffusing method against four bacterial and one fungal strain. The antibacterial potential ranged between 4.86 ± 0.088 mm and 34.83 ± 0.166 mm with maximum inhibition zone exhibited by petroleum ether extract against Pseudomonas fluorescens and least potential by distilled water macerate of A. orsonii against the Escherichia coli. The antifungal activity ranged between 14.5 ± 0.288 and 24.76 ± 0.145 mm, with the highest potential provided by chloroform extract of A. orsonii and least capability put forward by A. glarea by petroleum ether extract against Fusarium solanii. Antibiotics and antimycotic discs were used as standard and some of the crude extracts showed bigger zone of inhibition as compared to standard. Different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of both mushrooms were subjected to anthelmintic potential against parasite Haemonchus contortus. All the crude extracts were more potent than standard oxfandazole used. Anthelmintic potential ranged between 9.9 ± 0.057 and 54.93 ± 0.033 minutes for death of parasite, while the paralyzed time ranged between 4.86 ± 0.088 and 24.86 ± 0.088 minutes. From the results obtained it was concluded that both mushrooms can be used as potential source of curative antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic agents against several diseases that might be used in pharmaceutical industries for making medicines and to screen out secondary metabolites in future.

本研究旨在评价两种金刚鹦鹉的抗菌和驱虫潜力,即A. orsonii和A. glarea,并进行定性的真菌化学筛选。采用浸渍法在非极性溶剂(石油醚和氯仿)和极性溶剂(乙醇和蒸馏水)中制备粗提物。定性的真菌化学筛选显示存在多种次生代谢物,如萜类、黄酮类、单宁、生物碱、皂苷和心苷。采用琼脂孔扩散法对4株细菌和1株真菌进行抑菌试验。石油醚提取物对荧光假单胞菌的抑菌作用范围为4.86±0.088 mm ~ 34.83±0.166 mm,其中石油醚提取物对荧光假单胞菌的抑菌作用最大,而奥氏单胞菌浸渍蒸馏水对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用最小。对茄枯病菌的抑菌活性范围为14.5±0.288 ~ 24.76±0.145 mm,其中三氯甲烷提取物对茄枯病菌的抑菌活性最高,石油醚提取物对茄枯病菌的抑菌活性最低。以抗菌素和抗真菌片为对照品,部分粗提物的抑菌范围较对照品大。两种蘑菇不同浓度的乙醇提取物对弓形血螨的驱虫潜力进行了研究。所有粗提物均比标准奥克斯达唑有效。虫虫死亡电位范围为9.9±0.057 ~ 54.93±0.033 min,瘫痪时间范围为4.86±0.088 ~ 24.86±0.088 min。由此得出结论,这两种蘑菇都可以作为治疗性抗菌、抗真菌和驱虫药的潜在来源,用于制药工业生产药物和筛选次生代谢物。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Cultivation, Degradation Characteristics and Health Effects of the Golden Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus citrinopileatus (Agaricomycetes): A Review. 金黄色平菇的培养、降解特性及对健康的影响
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023047581
Zhiyin Tao, Qianwang Zheng

Pleurotus citrinopileatus, also known as golden oyster mushroom, is a newly industrialized edible mushroom mainly distributed in East Asia. It is a kind of saprophytic edible fungus with strong degradation characteristics, commonly found on fallen trees and stumps of broad-leaf tree species. So far, abundant kinds of bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, ergothioneine, sesquiterpenes, and glycoprotein have been isolated from P. citrinopileatus and studied. Studies have confirmed that these compounds are beneficial to human health. In this paper, the recent studies on the cultivation, degradation characteristics application, and health effects of P. citrinopileatus are reviewed, and their development trends are discussed.

黄皮平菇(Pleurotus citrinopileatus)又称金平菇,是一种新兴的工业化食用菌,主要分布于东亚地区。它是一种腐生食用菌,具有较强的降解特性,常见于阔叶树种的倒下树木和树桩上。迄今为止,已从黄皮霉中分离到丰富的多糖、麦角硫因、倍半萜、糖蛋白等生物活性化合物,并进行了研究。研究证实,这些化合物对人体健康有益。本文综述了黄皮霉的栽培、降解特性、应用及健康效应等方面的研究进展,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。
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引用次数: 1
Chemical Characterization and Bioactive Properties of the Edible and Medicinal Honey Mushroom Armillaria mellea (Agaricomycetes) from Serbia. 塞尔维亚食用菌和药用菌蜜环菌(Armillaria mellea)的化学特性和生物活性。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023047671
Nevena Petrovic, Marijana Kosanic, Tomislav Tosti, Ivana Srbljak, Ana Đurić

Honey mushroom, Armillaria mellea, is an edible and medicinal lignicolous basidiomycete. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition and bioactive properties of its methanolic and acetonic extracts. The chemical characterization of extracts was done with the HPLC-DAD-MS/MS method. The results showed that potassium was the most abundant mineral; chlorogenic acid was the most abundant polyphenol; malic acid was the most abundant organic acid; and among carbohydrates, the most abundant were sorbitol, glucose, fructose, and saccharose. Antioxidative activity was assessed by DPPH (IC50 of the methanolic extract was 608.32 μg/mL and of the acetonic extract 595.71 μg/mL) and reducing power assays (the results ranged between 0.034 and 0.102 μg/mL). Total phenolic content was determined as gallic acid equivalent (methanolic extract: 4.74 mg GAE/g; acetonic extract: 5.68 mg GAE/g). The microdilution assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts, and the results ranged from 1.25 to 20 mg/mL. The antidiabetic effect of the extracts was tested by the α-amylase (the results ranged from 34.90% to 41.98%) and α-glucosidase assays (the results were in the range of 0.55-2.79%). The neuroprotective activity was explored by the acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay (the results were in the range of 1.94-7.76%). The microtetrazolium assay was used to investigate the cytotoxic activity of the extracts (the IC50 values ranged from 212.06 to > 400 μg/mL). Although some results suggest that some activities of the extracts are relatively moderate, the honey mushroom can still be considered an excellent source of food and bioactive compounds with medicinal value.

蜜环菌(蜜环菌)是一种可食用和药用的木质素担子菌。在本研究中,我们研究了其甲醇和丙酮提取物的化学成分和生物活性。采用HPLC-DAD-MS/MS法对提取物进行化学表征。结果表明,钾是最丰富的矿物质;绿原酸是含量最高的多酚;苹果酸是最丰富的有机酸;在碳水化合物中,含量最多的是山梨醇、葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖。通过DPPH(甲醇提取物IC50为608.32 μg/mL,丙酮提取物IC50为595.71 μg/mL)和还原力(0.034 ~ 0.102 μg/mL)测定其抗氧化活性。总酚含量以没食子酸当量(甲醇提取物:4.74 mg GAE/g;丙酮提取物:5.68 mg GAE/g)。采用微量稀释法评价提取物的抑菌活性,结果范围为1.25 ~ 20 mg/mL。采用α-淀粉酶(34.90% ~ 41.98%)和α-葡萄糖苷酶(0.55 ~ 2.79%)测定其抗糖尿病作用。通过乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制试验探讨其神经保护活性(结果在1.94 ~ 7.76%范围内)。采用微量四氮唑法测定提取物的细胞毒活性(IC50值为212.06 ~ > 400 μg/mL)。虽然一些研究结果表明,蜜菇提取物的一些活性相对中等,但蜜菇仍然可以被认为是具有药用价值的食物和生物活性化合物的极好来源。
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引用次数: 0
Uncovering Gene Expression Profiles of Three Morphologic Mycelium Forms of the Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota) Using High-Throughput Sequencing. 利用高通量测序技术揭示冬虫夏草(Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota))三种形态菌丝体的基因表达谱
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023047722
Li He, Fang Xie, Xia Ying Xia, Qiang Jun Su, Gang Zhou, Zhao He Chen, Cheng Gang Wang

The asexual form of Ophiocordyceps sinensis has been controversial, but various morphologic mycelium appeared when O. sinensis was cultured under experimental conditions. To explore the generation mechanism of morphologic mycelium, developmental transcriptomes were analyzed from three kinds of mycelium (aerial mycelium, hyphae knot, and substrate mycelium). The results showed that diameter and morphology of these three kinds of mycelium were obviously different. KEGG functional enrichment analysis showed that the differential expressed genes (DEGs) of substrate mycelium were enriched in ribosomes and peroxisomes, indicating that prophase culture was rich in nutrients and the metabolism of substrate mycelium cells was vigorous in the stage of nutrient absorption. The up-DEGs of hyphae knot were mainly enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, indicating that oxidative phosphorylation was the main energy source for mycelium formation in the stage of nutrient accumulation and reproductive transformation. The up-DEGs of aerial mycelium were mainly enriched in the synthesis and degradation pathways of valine, leucine, and isoleucine, suggesting that the occurrence of aerial mycelium was related to amino acid metabolism at the later stage of culture, and nutritional stress accelerated the reproduction of asexual spores. In addition, the important roles of mycelium formation related genes were verified by combined analysis of qRT-PCR and transcriptome sequencing. Collectively, this study will provide theoretical guidance for inhibiting the occurrence of aerogenous mycelium and promoting the development of mycelium into pinhead primordia in the culture of O. sinensis in the future.

关于冬虫夏草的无性形态一直存在争议,但在实验条件下,冬虫夏草出现了多种形态的菌丝体。为了探讨形态菌丝的产生机制,对三种菌丝(气生菌丝、菌丝结和底生菌丝)的发育转录组进行了分析。结果表明,这三种菌丝体的直径和形态有明显差异。KEGG功能富集分析显示,底物菌丝的差异表达基因(DEGs)在核糖体和过氧化物酶体中富集,说明前期培养营养丰富,底物菌丝细胞在营养吸收阶段代谢旺盛。菌丝结的上deg主要富集于氧化磷酸化途径,说明在营养积累和生殖转化阶段,氧化磷酸化是菌丝形成的主要能量来源。空中菌丝体的上升基因主要富集于缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的合成和降解途径,说明空中菌丝体的发生与培养后期氨基酸代谢有关,营养胁迫加速了无性孢子的繁殖。此外,通过qRT-PCR和转录组测序联合分析,验证了菌丝形成相关基因的重要作用。综上所述,本研究将为今后在中华玉螺培养中抑制气生菌丝体的发生,促进菌丝体向针尖原基的发育提供理论指导。
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引用次数: 0
Visualization Analysis of Medicinal Mushrooms Research Topic Based on Web of Science. 基于Web of Science的药用蘑菇研究课题可视化分析。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2022046684
Bao-Zhong Yuan, Jie Sun

This study analyzed 1,739 papers on medicinal mushrooms published from 1999 to July 18, 2022 based on Web of Science (WoS). Papers were mainly written in English (1,733, 99.655%), from 6,502 authors, 92 countries or territories, 1,862 organizations and published in 311 journals and 3 book series. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms published 1,069 (61.472%) papers. Top 5 countries or regions were P.R. China, India, Taiwan, USA, and Malaysia; each published more than 87 papers. From the average citations, papers from Ukraine, Israel, Netherlands, Serbia, and Thailand show the highest citations per paper (more than 22.9 times per paper). The top five affiliations were Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Malaya, University of Haifa, National Chung Hsing University, and Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, each with more than 49 papers. Top five authors are Wasser SP, Hyde KD, Mau JL, Sabaratnam V, Yang Y; each published more than 26 papers. The paper with the most was Wasser SP in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2002), which has 1442 citations and the average number of citations is 68.67 times per year. Based on the ESI database, there are 13 top papers with 13 highly cited papers and 1 hot paper. All keywords in medicinal mushrooms research were separated into ten clusters according to different research topics. The results will help researchers clarify the current situation and provide guidance for future research.

本研究分析了1999年至2022年7月18日在Web of Science (WoS)上发表的1739篇关于药用蘑菇的论文。论文以英文为主(1733篇,99.655%),作者6502人,来自92个国家或地区,1862个组织,发表于311种期刊和3个丛书。International Journal of Medicinal mushroom发表论文1069篇(61.472%)。排名前五的国家和地区分别是中国、印度、台湾、美国和马来西亚;每人发表论文87篇以上。从平均引用次数来看,乌克兰、以色列、荷兰、塞尔维亚、泰国等国家的论文被引用次数最多(超过22.9次)。排名前五的高校分别是中国科学院、马来亚大学、海法大学、国立中兴大学和上海农业科学院,每所高校发表论文均超过49篇。排名前五的作者分别是:Wasser SP、Hyde KD、Mau JL、Sabaratnam V、Yang Y;每人发表论文26篇以上。引用次数最多的论文是Wasser SP in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology(2002),被引1442次,年平均被引68.67次。ESI数据库共收录顶级论文13篇,高被引论文13篇,热点论文1篇。根据不同的研究课题,将药菇研究中的关键词分为10个聚类。研究结果将有助于研究人员澄清现状,并为今后的研究提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Fruiting Body and Submerged Mycelium of Medicinal Mushroom Phellinus robiniae (Agaricomycetes). 药用蘑菇菲利菌子实体和沉水菌丝的抗氧化和抗菌特性
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2022047243
Tuan Manh Nguyen, Jaisoo Kim, Nguyen The Hung, Nguyen Huu Tho, Do Bich Due, Do Thi Hien

This study was conducted to evaluate extraction yield, antioxidant content, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of extracts obtained from submerged mycelium (ME) and fruiting body (FBE) of Phellinus robiniae NTH-PR1. The results showed that yields of ME and FBE reached 14.84 ± 0.63 and 18.89 ± 0.86%, respectively. TPSC, TPC, and TFC were present in both mycelium and fruiting body, and the more contents of them were found in fruiting body. The concentrations of TPSC, TPC and TFC in ME and FBE were 17.61 ± 0.67 and 21.56 ± 0.89 mg GE g-1, 9.31 ± 0.45 and 12.14 ± 0.56 mg QAE g-1, and 8.91 ± 0.53 and 9.04 ± 0.74 mg QE g-1, respectively. EC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging revealed FBE (260.62 ± 3.33 μg mL-1) was more effective than ME (298.21 ± 3.61 μg mL-1). EC50 values for ferrous ion chelating in ME and FBE were 411.87 ± 7.27 and 432.39 ± 2.23 μg mL-1, respectively. Thus, both extracts were able to inhibit Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacterial strains, at concentrations ranging in 25-100 mg mL-1 of ME and 18.75-75 mg mL-1 of FBE for Gram-positive bacteria; ranging in 75-100 mg mL-1 of ME and 50-75 of FBE for Gram-negative bacteria. Overall submerged mycelial biomass and fruiting bodies of Ph. robiniae NTH-PR1 can be considered as useful natural sources for development of functional food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products or cosmeceuticals.

摘要本研究对海百合(Phellinus robiniae) NTH-PR1浸没菌丝(ME)和子实体(FBE)提取物的提取率、抗氧化剂含量、抗氧化能力和抗菌活性进行了评价。结果表明,产率分别为14.84±0.63和18.89±0.86%。菌丝体和子实体中均存在TPSC、TPC和TFC,且子实体中含量较多。ME和FBE中TPSC、TPC和TFC的浓度分别为17.61±0.67和21.56±0.89 mg GE g-1, 9.31±0.45和12.14±0.56 mg QAE g-1, 8.91±0.53和9.04±0.74 mg QE g-1。对DPPH自由基清除的EC50值显示,FBE(260.62±3.33 μg mL-1)比ME(298.21±3.61 μg mL-1)更有效。ME和FBE中亚铁离子螯合作用的EC50值分别为411.87±7.27和432.39±2.23 μg mL-1。因此,两种提取物均能抑制革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性病原菌菌株,对革兰氏阳性菌的ME浓度在25-100 mg mL-1, FBE浓度在18.75-75 mg mL-1;革兰氏阴性菌的ME为75-100 mg mL-1, FBE为50-75 mg mL-1。Ph. robiniae NTH-PR1的总淹没菌丝生物量和子实体可被认为是开发功能食品、药品和化妆品或药妆品的有用天然资源。
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引用次数: 1
Potentiation of Antitumor Activity by Antibody Drugs and Mushroom-Derived β-Glucans in Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Tumoricidal Activities against Non-Hodgkin's B-Cell Lymphoma. 抗体药物和蘑菇源β-葡聚糖增强自然杀伤细胞介导的非霍奇金b细胞淋巴瘤的抗肿瘤活性。
IF 1.2 4区 生物学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2022047219
Yoshiyuki Adachi, Fumiyasu Momose, Hiromi Momose, Rui Tada, Naohito Ohno

β-glucans are polysaccharides that activate innate immunity. We herein investigated whether P-glucans promote the immunological effects of antibody drugs against malignant tumor cells using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Rituximab bound to CD20-specific lymphoma and exhibited cytotoxic activity in the presence of human mononuclear cells, but not neutrophils. The addition of Sparassis crispa (cauliflower mushroom)-derived β-glucan (SCG) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to co-cultures of PBMCs and Raji lymphoma cells further promoted antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). The GM-CSF treatment increased β-glucan receptor expression on adherent cells in PBMCs. A co-stimulation with GM-CSF and SCG of PBMCs induced an increase in the number of spreading cells and the activation of natural killer (NK) cells. The enhancement in ADCC was abolished by the removal of NK cells, indicating that SCG and GM-CSF increased ADCC against lymphoma by activating β-glucan receptor-expressing cells in PBMCs and enhancing NK cell activity. The synergistic mechanisms of action of mushroom-derived β-glucans and biopharmaceuticals, including recombinant cytokines and antibodies, in the treatment of malignant tumor cells provide important insights into the clinical efficacy of β-glucans from mushrooms.

β-葡聚糖是激活先天免疫的多糖。本研究利用人外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)研究p -葡聚糖是否能促进抗体药物对恶性肿瘤细胞的免疫作用。利妥昔单抗与cd20特异性淋巴瘤结合,在人单核细胞而非中性粒细胞存在下表现出细胞毒性活性。在PBMCs和Raji淋巴瘤细胞共培养中加入花椰菜蘑菇衍生的β-葡聚糖(SCG)和粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF),进一步促进了抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)。GM-CSF处理增加了PBMCs贴壁细胞β-葡聚糖受体的表达。GM-CSF和SCG对PBMCs的共刺激诱导了扩散细胞数量的增加和自然杀伤细胞(NK)的激活。清除NK细胞可消除ADCC的增强作用,表明SCG和GM-CSF通过激活pbmc中β-葡聚糖受体表达细胞和增强NK细胞活性来增强ADCC对淋巴瘤的抑制作用。蘑菇β-葡聚糖与生物药物(包括重组细胞因子和抗体)在治疗恶性肿瘤细胞中的协同作用机制为蘑菇β-葡聚糖的临床疗效提供了重要的见解。
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International journal of medicinal mushrooms
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