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Assessment of gamma radiation through agro-morphological characters in camellia sinensis L. (O.) kuntze. 伽玛辐射对昆山茶树农业形态特征的影响。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2121872
Shobhit K Singh, Devajit Borthakur, Abhijit Tamuly, J G Manjaya, Pradeep K Patel, Boby Gogoi, Santanu Sabhapondit, Nabajyoti J Neog, A K Barooah

Purpose: To study the effects of gamma radiation on tea seed germination, morphological changes, and genetic variation by using gamma radiation.

Material and method: Fresh Tea seed material were irradiated with twenty different doses of gamma radiation such as 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 90, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 Gy from Cobalt 60Co source from Regional Nuclear Agriculture Research Center, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), West Bengal, in between 2019 and 2020.

Result and conclusion: The growth behavior of tea seedling was recorded under varying levels of gamma radiation and its performance at nursery stages. It was observed seed irradiated with doses from 35 Gy to 100 Gy could germinate but could not survive beyond five (05) months. When treated with higher doses as 200 Gy, 500 Gy and 1000 Gy, no seed germination takes places due to possible damages occur in the DNA structure. Screening of growth characteristics of tea plant generally monitored by the characteristics like plant height, number of leaves, number of primary branches, base diameter, and total leaf area of plants and we found that these characteristics significantly increased with the progress of time and increasing levels of gamma radiation; however, the plant height showed decreasing trend with the increasing levels of gamma radiation, which could be due to the change in chromosomal structure and genetic alteration. After 90 weeks of planting, the plant height, no. of primary branches, the number of leaves, plant base diameter, and total leaf area per plant recorded were 36.42 cm, 1/plant, 7.11/plant, 0.62 c.m, 22.92 cm2/plant respectively under the radiation level 30 Gy, whereas the corresponding figures of the above parameters at the control treatment were 85.32 cm, 1/plant, 18.84/plant, 1.18 c.m and 26.68 cm2/plant, respectively. The total plant height, no. of primary branches, the number of leaves, plant base diameter, and total leaf area per plant were significantly influenced by the rising levels of gamma radiation (up to 100 Gy), finally, after 90 weeks of planting, the maximum no. of branching was observed in the treatment of 8 Gy, 10 Gy and 15 Gy respectively. The study reveals a hitherto open the possibility of using gamma radiation on tea plant for creation of variation in the tea seed planting materials. Further studies on mutation using tea planting materials would give an insight into its mutable gene behavior.

目的:利用伽玛辐射研究伽玛辐射对茶叶种子萌发、形态变化及遗传变异的影响。材料和方法:在2019年至2020年期间,用西孟加拉邦Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV)区域核农业研究中心钴钴60Co源的0、2、4、6、8、10、15、20、25、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100、200、500和1000 Gy等20种不同剂量的伽马射线照射新鲜茶籽材料。结果与结论:记录了不同辐射水平下茶苗的生长行为及其苗期表现。结果表明,在35 ~ 100 Gy辐照下,种子能发芽,但不能存活5个月以上。在200 Gy、500 Gy和1000 Gy等较高剂量下,由于DNA结构可能发生损伤,种子不萌发。茶树生长性状的筛选一般以株高、叶数、一次枝数、基部直径、总叶面积等性状为监测指标,随着时间的推移和γ辐射水平的增加,这些性状显著增加;然而,随着γ辐射水平的增加,株高呈下降趋势,这可能与染色体结构的改变和遗传变异有关。种植90周后,株高、株高、株高、株高均显著提高。30 Gy辐照水平下,一次枝叶数、株基直径、单株总叶面积分别为36.42 cm、1株、7.11 cm、0.62 cm、22.92 cm2/株,对照处理下分别为85.32 cm、1株、18.84 cm、1.18 cm、26.68 cm2/株。总株高,无。随着γ辐射水平的升高(最高可达100 Gy),初生枝条、叶片数、株基直径和单株总叶面积均受到显著影响。在8gy、10gy和15gy的处理下,分别观察到不同浓度的枝状反应。该研究揭示了迄今为止利用伽玛射线对茶树进行茶种材料变异的可能性。进一步利用茶树种植材料进行突变研究,将有助于深入了解其基因的可变行为。
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引用次数: 1
Transcriptomics for radiation biodosimetry: progress and challenges. 用于辐射生物测定的转录组学:进展与挑战。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1928784
Sally A Amundson

Purpose: Transcriptomic-based approaches are being developed to meet the needs for large-scale radiation dose and injury assessment and provide population triage following a radiological or nuclear event. This review provides background and definition of the need for new biodosimetry approaches, and summarizes the major advances in this field. It discusses some of the major model systems used in gene signature development, and highlights some of the remaining challenges, including individual variation in gene expression, potential confounding factors, and accounting for the complexity of realistic exposure scenarios.

Conclusions: Transcriptomic approaches show great promise for both dose reconstruction and for prediction of individual radiological injury. However, further work will be needed to ensure that gene expression signatures will be robust and appropriate for their intended use in radiological or nuclear emergencies.

目的:目前正在开发基于转录组的方法,以满足大规模辐射剂量和伤害评估的需要,并在辐射或核事件发生后对人群进行分流。本综述介绍了新的生物测定方法的背景和定义,并总结了该领域的主要进展。它讨论了基因特征开发中使用的一些主要模型系统,并强调了仍然存在的一些挑战,包括基因表达的个体差异、潜在的混杂因素以及考虑现实暴露情景的复杂性:转录组学方法在剂量重建和个体放射性损伤预测方面都大有可为。然而,要确保基因表达特征的稳健性并适合其在辐射或核紧急情况中的预期用途,还需要进一步的工作。
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引用次数: 17
Mentoring to enhance diversity in STEM and STEM-intensive health professions. 通过指导提高科学、技术、工程和数学以及科学、技术、工程和数学密集型卫生专业的多样性。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1988182
Carla A Romney, Andrew J Grosovsky

Purpose: This manuscript is a scholarly perspective on the crucially important topic of mentoring in STEM and the STEM-intensive health professions (STEM+). Our purpose is to share our understanding of this subject as a means to mitigate the persistent underrepresentation in these fields and to offer our recommendations.

Materials & methods: This manuscript draws on the literature and our experiences to develop recommendations for improving outcomes for diverse populations of undergraduate students who are pursuing majors in the STEM fields and aspire to careers in the biomedical sciences and/or STEM-intensive health professions.

Results: Undergraduate learning communities and mentored research activities promote continued engagement in STEM and also provide a competitive foundation for careers in these fields.

Conclusions: (1) Mentoring must be brought to scale through clearly articulated institutional and disciplinary prioritization of learning communities, with attendant assessment to monitor the impact of creating an environment that supports diverse students from underrepresented backgrounds. (2) Individual faculty members and principal investigators affiliated with academic institutions and stand-alone research facilities can enhance their mentoring role by welcoming underrepresented undergraduates into their laboratories. (3) Faculty members, administrators, and staff members must commit themselves to the success of each student who enrolls in a STEM + program, rather than accepting high rates of failure as inevitable. (4) Increased interactions between first-year students and faculty members through experiences in mentored learning communities that promote authentic engagement and discovery are key to promoting the retention of diverse populations of students who are underrepresented in the STEM + fields. (5) Learning communities can amplify the impact of an individual mentor. (6) Barriers to student success, such as weak preparation from high school courses, must be proactively and effectively addressed.

目的:本手稿从学术角度探讨了在科学、技术、工程和数学以及科学、技术、工程和数学密集型健康专业(STEM+)中进行指导这一至关重要的课题。我们的目的是分享我们对这一主题的理解,以此来缓解这些领域长期存在的代表性不足的问题,并提出我们的建议:本手稿借鉴了相关文献和我们的经验,为那些主修 STEM 领域并有志于从事生物医学科学和/或 STEM 密集型健康职业的不同群体本科生提出了改善学习成果的建议:结论:(1) 必须通过明确规定学习社区的机构和学科优先次序来扩大指导规模,并进行相应的评估,以监测营造支持来自代表性不足背景的不同学生的环境所产生的影响。(2) 隶属于学术机构和独立研究机构的个别教师和主要研究人员可以通过欢迎有代 表性的本科生进入他们的实验室来加强他们的指导作用。(3) 教职员工、行政人员和工作人员必须致力于让每一位注册 STEM + 项目的学生取得成功,而不是认为高失败率是不可避免的。(4) 通过在导师指导的学习社区中体验促进真正的参与和探索,增加一年级学生和教师之间的互动,是促进留住在 STEM + 领域人数不足的不同学生群体的关键。(5) 学习社区可以扩大导师个人的影响。(6) 必须积极有效地解决学生成功的障碍,如高中课程准备不足。
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引用次数: 2
X-ray induced luminescence spectroscopy for DNA damaging intermediates aided by a monochromatic synchrotron radiation. 单色同步辐射辅助下DNA损伤中间体的x射线诱导发光光谱。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1967506
Yusaku Terao, Yoshiaki Kumagai, Issei Suzuki, Takahiro Tsuchiya, Masatoshi Ukai, Akinari Yokoya, Kentaro Fujii, Yoshihiro Fukuda, Yuji Saitoh

Purpose: To identify the bonding sites of initial radiation interaction with DNA and to trace the following chemical reaction sequences on the pathway of damage induction, we carry out a spectroscopy XIL (X-ray induced luminescence) using soft X-ray synchrotron radiation. This is a nondestructive analysis of the excited intermediate species produced in a molecular mechanism on the damage induction pathway.

Materials and methods: We introduce aqueous samples of UMP (uridine-5'-monophosphate) in the vacuum by the use of a liquid micro-jet technique. The luminescence in the region of UV-VIS (from visible to ultraviolet) radiation induced after the absorption of monochromatic soft X-ray by aqueous UMP is measured with sweeping the soft X-ray energy in the region of 370-560 eV.

Results: The enhanced XIL intensities for aqueous UMP in the region of soft X-ray of 410-530 eV (in "water window" region) are obtained. The enhancement of XIL intensities in the UV-VIS region, relative to the water control, is explained by the excitation and ionization of a K-shell electron of nitrogen atoms in the uracil moiety. The enhanced XIL intensities do not match the structure of XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) of the aqueous UMP. This suggests that the XIL intensities reflect the quantum yields of luminescence, or the quantum yields for conversion by UMP of an absorbed X-ray into UV-VIS radiation. In this paper, spectra of luminescence are shown to be resolved by combining low pass filters. The filtered luminescence spectra are obtained at the center of gravity (λc) of the band pass wavelength regions at λc = 270nm, 295 nm, 340 nm, 385 nm, 450 nm, and 525 nm., which show a trend similar to the fluorescence of nucleobases induced by ultraviolet radiation.

Conclusion: It is concluded that the origin of the observed XIL is the hydrated uracil moiety in aqueous UMP, decomposition of which is suppressed by the migration of excess charge and internal energy after the double ionization due to Auger decay.

目的:利用软x射线同步辐射进行x射线诱导发光(XIL)光谱分析,以确定初始辐射与DNA相互作用的键合位点,并追踪损伤诱导途径上的以下化学反应序列。这是一种无损分析的激发中间物质产生的分子机制上的损伤诱导途径。材料和方法:我们利用液体微射流技术在真空中引入了UMP(5'-单磷酸尿苷)的水相样品。通过扫描软x射线在370 ~ 560ev范围内的能量,测量了水相UMP吸收单色软x射线后产生的紫外-可见(从可见到紫外)辐射区的发光。结果:在软x射线410 ~ 530 eV范围内(“水窗”区域),获得了水性UMP的增强XIL强度。相对于水控制,XIL在UV-VIS区域的强度增强可以用氮原子中尿嘧啶部分的k壳电子的激发和电离来解释。增强的XIL强度与XANES (x射线吸收近边结构)的结构不匹配。这表明XIL强度反映了发光的量子产率,或者是被吸收的x射线通过UMP转化为UV-VIS辐射的量子产率。本文用低通滤波器对发光光谱进行了分辨。在λc = 270nm、295 nm、340 nm、385 nm、450 nm和525 nm处,得到了带通波长区域的重心(λc)处的滤波发光光谱。,表现出与紫外辐射诱导的核碱基荧光相似的趋势。结论:观察到的XIL的来源是水相UMP中的水合尿嘧啶部分,其分解受到俄歇衰变引起的双电离后多余电荷和内能迁移的抑制。
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引用次数: 1
In-vivo and in vitro assessments of the radioprotective potential natural and chemical compounds: a review. 天然化合物和化学化合物辐射防护潜力的体内和体外评估:综述。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2078007
Anis Javadi, Mohammad Reza Nikhbakht, Javad Ghasemian Yadegari, Auob Rustamzadeh, Mohsen Mohammadi, Alireza Shirazinejad, Saleh Azadbakht, Zahra Abdi

Purpose: The study of the radioactive role of natural and chemical substances on human and animal studies has been the subject of research by some researchers. Therefore, the review of some of the past and current studies conducted in this field, can provide helpful information to elucidate of the importance of radioprotective components in reducing radiation exposure side effects.

Methods: The authors search for keywords including In vitro, In vivo, Radioprotective, Ionizing radiation, and Vitamin in ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases to access previously published articles and search for more reference articles on the role of radioprotective materials from natural and chemical compounds.

Results: Radiation exposure can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, however most of which are eliminated by the body's natural mechanisms, but when the body's antioxidant systems do not have enough ability to neutralize free radicals, oxidative stress occurs, which causes damage to DNA and body tissues. Therefore, it is necessary use of alternative substances that reduce and inhibit free radicals.

Conclusion: In general, recommended that antioxidant component(s) can be protect tissue damages in humans or animals, due to the their ability to scavenge free radicals generated by ionizing radiation.

目的:研究天然物质和化学物质对人体和动物的放射性作用一直是一些研究人员研究的课题。因此,回顾过去和目前在这一领域进行的一些研究,可以提供有用的信息来阐明辐射防护成分在减少辐射暴露副作用方面的重要性。方法:作者在ScienceDirect、Scopus、Pubmed和Google Scholar数据库中搜索关键词In vitro, In vivo, Radioprotective, Ionizing radiation, and Vitamin,获取先前发表的文章,并搜索更多关于天然和化学化合物中放射性防护材料作用的参考文章。结果:辐射暴露可在体内产生活性氧(ROS),但其中大部分被机体的自然机制所消除,但当机体的抗氧化系统没有足够的能力来中和自由基时,就会发生氧化应激,从而导致DNA和机体组织的损伤。因此,有必要使用减少和抑制自由基的替代物质。结论:一般来说,推荐抗氧化成分可以保护人体或动物的组织损伤,因为它们具有清除电离辐射产生的自由基的能力。
{"title":"In-vivo and in vitro assessments of the radioprotective potential natural and chemical compounds: a review.","authors":"Anis Javadi,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Nikhbakht,&nbsp;Javad Ghasemian Yadegari,&nbsp;Auob Rustamzadeh,&nbsp;Mohsen Mohammadi,&nbsp;Alireza Shirazinejad,&nbsp;Saleh Azadbakht,&nbsp;Zahra Abdi","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2022.2078007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2078007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study of the radioactive role of natural and chemical substances on human and animal studies has been the subject of research by some researchers. Therefore, the review of some of the past and current studies conducted in this field, can provide helpful information to elucidate of the importance of radioprotective components in reducing radiation exposure side effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors search for keywords including In vitro, In vivo, Radioprotective, Ionizing radiation, and Vitamin in ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases to access previously published articles and search for more reference articles on the role of radioprotective materials from natural and chemical compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Radiation exposure can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, however most of which are eliminated by the body's natural mechanisms, but when the body's antioxidant systems do not have enough ability to neutralize free radicals, oxidative stress occurs, which causes damage to DNA and body tissues. Therefore, it is necessary use of alternative substances that reduce and inhibit free radicals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In general, recommended that antioxidant component(s) can be protect tissue damages in humans or animals, due to the their ability to scavenge free radicals generated by ionizing radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14261,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology","volume":"99 2","pages":"155-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10729526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Study on X-ray enhancement in Laser-Compton scattering for auger therapy. 螺旋钻治疗中激光-康普顿散射的x射线增强研究。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1811420
Yuya Koshiba, Ryosuke Morita, Koki Yamashita, Masakazu Washio, Kazuyuki Sakaue, Takeshi Higashiguchi, Junji Urakawa

Purpose: Monochromatic hard X-rays with high brightness are desired for medical applications including Auger therapy. One can generate such X-rays through laser-Compton scattering (LCS) by allowing photons from a compact laser system to interact with electrons accelerated by a compact electron accelerator. In this paper, after a brief description of laser-Compton X-ray sources, a scheme called crab crossing to enhance the X-ray intensity is proposed. The effect of crab crossing is evaluated, and we report our dedicated laser system for the crab crossing LCS research.

Materials and methods: The luminosity enhancement factor by crab crossing is evaluated. For the electron beam, a rf deflector will be used to generate a tilted electron beam. For the laser system, chirped pulsed amplification is adopted. Yb-doped optical fibers and a Yb:YAG thin-disk is used for the laser gain media.

Results: The luminosity enhancement factor by crab crossing is expected to be 3.8 when the crossing angle is 45 degrees. 10mJ pulse energy was achieved by thin-disk regenerative amplifier. The pulse duration after the pulse compressor was about 1.5 ps.

Conclusion: We are going to demonstrate the LCS X-ray enhancement by crab crossing of electron beam and laser pulse. The expected enhancement factor is 3.8. We have successfully finished the laser development and the proof-of-principle experiment will be conducted soon.

目的:高亮度的单色硬x射线用于包括俄歇治疗在内的医疗应用。人们可以通过激光-康普顿散射(LCS)产生这种x射线,方法是让来自紧凑激光系统的光子与紧凑电子加速器加速的电子相互作用。本文在简要介绍激光-康普顿x射线源的基础上,提出了一种叫做螃蟹交叉的增强x射线强度的方案。本文对螃蟹交叉效应进行了评价,并报道了用于螃蟹交叉LCS研究的专用激光系统。材料与方法:用蟹状交叉法对其光度增强系数进行了评价。对于电子束,将使用射频偏转器产生倾斜的电子束。激光系统采用啁啾脉冲放大。采用掺镱光纤和Yb:YAG薄板作为激光增益介质。结果:当交叉角为45°时,螃蟹交叉的亮度增强系数为3.8。采用薄盘再生放大器实现10mJ脉冲能量。经过脉冲压缩后的脉冲持续时间约为1.5 ps。结论:利用电子束与激光脉冲的蟹式交叉,证明了LCS x射线的增强作用。预期的增强系数为3.8。我们已经成功地完成了激光器的研制,并将很快进行原理验证实验。
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引用次数: 0
Regulation of LTP at rat hippocampal Schaffer-CA1 in vitro by musical rhythmic magnetic fields generated by red-pink (soothing) music tracks. 红粉色(舒缓)音乐产生的节奏磁场对大鼠海马Schaffer-CA1的LTP调控。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2094022
Zijia Jin, Lei Dong, Lei Tian, Mei Zhou, Yu Zheng

Purpose: Music therapy, like red-pink (soothing) music, is an important treatment for neurological disorders associated with learning and memory. Magnetic fields have been proved to have a similar regulating effect. However, the effect of magnetic fields with musical rhythm generated by the combination of the two has not been confirmed. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of magnetic stimulation with music rhythm on LTP (long-term potentiation) of Schaffer-CA1.

Materials and methods: This article selected three sorts of music tracks in different frequencies (music track (1) Turkish March, music track (2) Moonlight Sonata, music track (3) Funeral March) and four sorts of pure sinusoidal tracks of four different harmonic frequency (music track (4) the frequency is 3500 Hz; music track (5) the frequency is 2500 Hz; music track (6) the frequency is 1500 Hz; music track (7) the frequency is 500 Hz). These music tracks are converted into analog signals by the external sound card and power amplifier and fed into a homemade coil that meets the demand for this frequency bandwidth. The coil can generate seven sorts of time-varying magnetic fields with musical rhythm with a mean intensity of about 2 mT. We used multi-electrode array (MEA) to record the LTP signals of Schaffer-CA1 synaptic induced by seven sorts of musical rhythmic magnetic fields and analyze the regulation of them.

Results: The musical rhythmic magnetic fields generated by track 1 and track 2 have a remarkable enhancing effect on the amplitude of fEPSPs (field excitatory postsynaptic potentials) (p < .05), and these effects intensify with the increase of frequency. Nevertheless, there is no significant enhancing effect on LTP of the rhythmic magnetic field generated by track 3 (p > .05). The sinusoidal magnetic fields generated by track 4 and track 5 have an enhancing effect on the amplitude of fEPSPs (p < .05), and the enhancement is better than track 1 and track 2. The sinusoidal magnetic fields generated by track 6 and track 7 have an inhibiting effect (p < .05).

Conclusion: We found that the enhancing effect of musical rhythmic magnetic fields generated by track 1 was the most significant. The frequency of 1500 Hz could be a turning-point frequency in the regulation of magnetic field on LTP.

目的:音乐疗法,像红粉色(舒缓)音乐一样,是与学习和记忆有关的神经系统疾病的重要治疗方法。磁场已被证明具有类似的调节作用。然而,两者结合产生的具有音乐节奏的磁场的效果尚未得到证实。本研究旨在探讨音乐节奏磁刺激对Schaffer-CA1长期增强(LTP)的调节作用。材料与方法:本文选取了三种不同频率的音乐曲目(音乐曲目(1)土耳其进行曲、音乐曲目(2)月光奏鸣曲、音乐曲目(3)葬礼进行曲)和四种不同谐波频率的纯正弦曲目(音乐曲目(4),频率为3500赫兹;音乐轨道(5)频率为2500hz;音乐轨道(6)频率为1500hz;音乐轨道(7)的频率是500赫兹)。这些音乐轨道被外部声卡和功率放大器转换成模拟信号,并馈送到满足该频率带宽需求的自制线圈中。该线圈可产生7种具有音乐节奏的时变磁场,平均强度约为2 mT。用多电极阵列(MEA)记录了7种音乐节奏磁场诱导的Schaffer-CA1突触LTP信号,并分析了它们的调控作用。结果:音轨1和音轨2产生的音乐节奏磁场对大鼠场兴奋性突触后电位(fEPSPs)振幅有显著的增强作用(p p > 0.05)。声道4和声道5产生的正弦磁场对fEPSPs的振幅有增强作用(p p)。结论:我们发现声道1产生的音乐节奏磁场对fEPSPs的增强作用最为显著。1500 Hz的频率可以作为磁场对LTP调节的转折点频率。
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引用次数: 1
3D high resolution clonogenic survival measurement of xrs-5 cells in low-dose region of carbon ion plans. 碳离子计划低剂量区xrs-5细胞三维高分辨率克隆存活测定。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110318
Dea Kartini, Olga Sokol, Chutima Talabnin, Chinorat Kobdaj, Marco Durante, Michael Krämer, Martina Fuss

Purpose: In this study, we performed biological verification measurements of cell survival of a 12C ion irradiation plan employing a high-resolution 3D culture setup. This allowed, in particular, to access the cell inactivation in the low-dose regions close to the target area.

Materials and methods: We established the protocol for a 3D culture setup where xrs-5 cells were grown inside a layered matrigel structure in 384-well plates. Their radiosensitivity to conventional and 12C ion radiation was evaluated by irradiating them either with 250 kV X-rays at GSI or with monoenergetic 12C beams of 110 MeV/u at MIT, and compared with those of monolayers. A treatment plan for a rectangular target was prepared using the GSI research treatment planning system TRiP98. xrs-5 cells were seeded in the matrigel-based setup and irradiated in dose fall-off regions using active scanning 12C ion beams. In addition, film dosimetry utilizing radiochromic EBT3 film has been performed to assess the field homogeneity downstream of 384-well V-bottom plates with or without additional agarose coating of the well plate bottom.

Results: Dose response curves following X-ray and 12C ion irradiation had linear shape and showed a significant decrease in survival fraction at even moderate doses. Survival measurements in the low-dose regions of the plan for the extended target showed good agreement to the predicted survival fraction. The irradiated film profiles yielded a flat dose distribution without apparent artifacts or inhomogeneities for well plates both with and without agarose coating, confirming the suitability of the experimental setup.

Conclusions: We conclude that the V-bottom 384-well plates in combination with the radiation-sensitive xrs-5 cell line constitute a suitable radiobiological verification tool which can be used especially for low doses. Furthermore, the measured survival of xrs-5 cells show a good agreement with the expected survival in the low-dose out-of-field regions, both laterally and downstream of the target.

目的:在本研究中,我们采用高分辨率3D培养装置对12C离子辐照计划的细胞存活进行了生物学验证测量。这特别允许在靠近靶区的低剂量区域实现细胞失活。材料和方法:我们建立了3D培养装置的方案,其中xrs-5细胞在384孔板的层状基质结构中生长。通过在GSI用250 kV x射线或在MIT用110 MeV/u的单能12C光束照射它们来评估它们对常规和12C离子辐射的辐射敏感性,并与单层的辐射敏感性进行比较。采用GSI研究治疗计划系统TRiP98编制矩形靶点的治疗计划。将xrs-5细胞植入基质中,并在剂量衰减区使用主动扫描12C离子束照射。此外,利用放射致色EBT3薄膜进行了薄膜剂量测定,以评估384孔v型底板有或没有附加琼脂糖涂层的下游场均匀性。结果:x射线和12C离子辐照后的剂量反应曲线呈线性,即使是中等剂量,生存率也明显下降。延长目标计划的低剂量区域的生存测量显示与预测的生存分数很好地一致。辐照膜剖面产生了平坦的剂量分布,没有明显的伪影或不均匀性,证实了实验设置的适用性。结论:v底384孔板结合辐射敏感的xrs-5细胞系是一种适合的放射生物学验证工具,尤其适用于低剂量。此外,xrs-5细胞在靶细胞的横向和下游低剂量场外区域的存活率与预期的存活率很好地吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Radiation disasters - long term consequences: reflections and summary of a recent symposium. 辐射灾难——长期后果:最近一次研讨会的反思和总结。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110315
Julie J Burtt, Suminori Akiba, Dimitry Bazyka, C Norman Coleman, Maureen Hatch, Jonine L Bernstein
Julie J. Burtt, Suminori Akiba, Dimitry Bazyka, C. Norman Coleman, Maureen Hatch, and Jonine L. Bernstein Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Hirosaki University Center for Radiation Support and Safety, Hirosaki, Japan; National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA; Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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引用次数: 0
Mitotic index maximization with no effect on radiation-induced dicentric chromosome frequency. 有丝分裂指数最大化,对辐射诱导的双中心染色体频率无影响。
IF 2.6 4区 医学 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2142981
Kai Takebayashi, Keito Echizenya, Yuki Kameya, Daichi Nakajima, Ryo Nakayama, Yohei Fujishima, Valerie Swee Ting Goh, Yu Abe, Kosuke Kasai, Donovan A Anderson, William F Blakely, Tomisato Miura

Purpose: The dicentric chromosome (Dic) assay, which is the gold standard for biological dose assessment in radiation emergency medicine, requires an analysis of at least 500 lymphocyte metaphases or 100 Dic aberrations. Therefore, peripheral blood culture conditions able to obtain a high frequency of metaphases for efficient dose evaluation should be optimized. However, the type of blood cultures [i.e. whole blood (WB) or isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-culture] and blood volume differ between biodosimetry laboratories. The purpose of this study is to investigate the blood volume at which a high mitotic index (MI) is obtained in peripheral WB-culture and isolated PBMC-culture, and to examine the possible effect of blood volume on radiation-induced Dic frequency.

Materials and methods: Peripheral blood was collected from three healthy donors with their informed consent. The complete and differential blood counts were performed using an automated hematology analyzer. After blood count, peripheral blood was irradiated with 0 or 2 Gy X-ray. Blood was cultured with phytohemagglutinin (180 μg/ml) and demecolcine (0.05 μg/ml) for 48 h. The MI and Dic frequency were analyzed in 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% WB-cultures and 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0, 3.6, and 4.2 ml WB-equivalent PBMC-cultures.

Results: In WB-culture, MI showed the highest value (∼22%) in 5-15% WB-culture and then gradually decreased to ∼9% with 30% WB-culture. MI peaked at 36 and 31% in 1.8 and 2.4 ml-WB equivalent volumes for PMBC-cultures, respectively. MI progressively decreased as the amount of PBMCs increased. Although individual differences were observed in the MI values among the three subjects, all the subjects showed the same tendency and higher MI was seen in PBMC than WB-cultures. However, these factors had no significant impact on the yield of Dics. In all culture conditions, the estimated dose calculated based on the Dic frequency was equivalent to the absorbed dose of ex vivo X-ray-irradiated blood.

Conclusion: While MI was affected by the blood culture type and the volume of cultured blood, Dic yield did not differ significantly between these conditions. These results could be used by relevant laboratories to optimize MI in certain circumstances.

目的:双中心染色体(Dic)测定是放射急救医学中生物剂量评估的金标准,需要分析至少500个淋巴细胞中期或100个Dic畸变。因此,应优化能够获得高中期频率的外周血培养条件,以进行有效的剂量评估。然而,血液培养物的类型[即全血(WB)或分离外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养物]和血容量在生物剂量测定实验室之间有所不同。本研究的目的是探讨外周血wb培养和离体pbmc培养中获得高有丝分裂指数(MI)的血容量,并探讨血容量对辐射诱导的Dic频率的可能影响。材料与方法:采集3名健康献血者经知情同意的外周血。全自动血液学分析仪进行全血细胞计数和差异血细胞计数。血球计数后,用0或2 Gy x线照射外周血。用植物血凝素(180 μg/ml)和去胆碱(0.05 μg/ml)培养48 h。分析5、10、15、20、25和30% wb -当量培养以及0.6、1.2、1.8、2.4、3.0、3.6和4.2 ml wb -当量pbmc培养的心肌梗死和Dic频率。结果:在wb培养中,MI在5-15% wb培养中最高(约22%),在30% wb培养中逐渐下降至约9%。pmbc培养物的等效体积分别为1.8 ml-WB和2.4 ml-WB时,MI峰值分别为36%和31%。心肌梗死随着pbmc数量的增加而逐渐降低。虽然三个被试之间的MI值存在个体差异,但所有被试都表现出相同的趋势,PBMC的MI值高于wb培养。然而,这些因素对Dics的产率没有显著影响。在所有培养条件下,基于Dic频率计算的估计剂量与体外x射线照射血液的吸收剂量相当。结论:心肌梗死受血培养类型和培养血容量的影响,但心肌梗死产率在不同条件下无显著差异。这些结果可用于相关实验室在某些情况下优化MI。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
International Journal of Radiation Biology
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