Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441165
A. Nag, R. Paily
This paper describes how the translinear (TL) principle can be purposefully exploited for MOS transistors operating in subthreshold region. Due to the exponential current-voltage relationship of subthreshold MOS transistors, they are comparable with BJTs as far as TL principle is concerned. Here squaring and square rooting circuits are implemented using subthreshold MOS devices.
{"title":"Low power squaring and square root circuits using subthreshold MOS transistors","authors":"A. Nag, R. Paily","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441165","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes how the translinear (TL) principle can be purposefully exploited for MOS transistors operating in subthreshold region. Due to the exponential current-voltage relationship of subthreshold MOS transistors, they are comparable with BJTs as far as TL principle is concerned. Here squaring and square rooting circuits are implemented using subthreshold MOS devices.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130468682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441092
Ravi Kant, P. Singh, D. Dhubkarya
The characteristics of small antenna using H-shaped microstrip patch antenna is studied. Significant reduction of antenna size can be realized when the H-shaped patch is used instead of the conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The effect of antenna parameters like substrate height and feed point are analyzed and their effects on return loss, VSWR are shown. The designed antennas are simulated by IE3D software.
{"title":"Performance of H-shaped microstrip antenna using IE3D","authors":"Ravi Kant, P. Singh, D. Dhubkarya","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441092","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristics of small antenna using H-shaped microstrip patch antenna is studied. Significant reduction of antenna size can be realized when the H-shaped patch is used instead of the conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The effect of antenna parameters like substrate height and feed point are analyzed and their effects on return loss, VSWR are shown. The designed antennas are simulated by IE3D software.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130678590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441057
M. Rajput, R. Sinha
All-angle negative refraction (AANR) in a gain assisted Metallo-Semiconductor Photonic Crystal (MSPC) for visible light with effect of different plasmonic (Al, Ag, Au, Cu) nanorod inclusion, is demonstrated. Proposed structure provides negative real values of both permeability (μ) and permittivity (ε) and extremely low imaginary values for visible light. Phase slope and phase velocity is shown to be negative for blue light for proposed Left-Handed structure. A comparison of dispersion properties and left-handed resonance for different plasmonic nanocomposites of a similar shape and geometry shows permittivity-dependent dispersion and resonant properties. Extremely high Left-Handed Transmission Efficiency (≫99%) are also investigated. Demonstration of near and far-field resonance patterns reveal the nano-photonic device applications potential.
{"title":"All-angle negative refraction in gain assisted Metallo- Semiconductor Photonic Crystal for visible light: Effect of plasmonic metals and nano-photonic device application","authors":"M. Rajput, R. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441057","url":null,"abstract":"All-angle negative refraction (AANR) in a gain assisted Metallo-Semiconductor Photonic Crystal (MSPC) for visible light with effect of different plasmonic (Al, Ag, Au, Cu) nanorod inclusion, is demonstrated. Proposed structure provides negative real values of both permeability (μ) and permittivity (ε) and extremely low imaginary values for visible light. Phase slope and phase velocity is shown to be negative for blue light for proposed Left-Handed structure. A comparison of dispersion properties and left-handed resonance for different plasmonic nanocomposites of a similar shape and geometry shows permittivity-dependent dispersion and resonant properties. Extremely high Left-Handed Transmission Efficiency (≫99%) are also investigated. Demonstration of near and far-field resonance patterns reveal the nano-photonic device applications potential.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131077987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441107
N. Yadav, A. Mishra, P. Singh, J. A. Ansari, B. R. Vishvakarma
A broadband antenna is achieved by introducing U-shaped of slot in circular disk patch. In U- slot loaded disk antenna, typically 24.21 % bandwidth is obtained. Variation of slot length (Ls), slot width (T), and base length ( Lb) are studied to obtain the desired bandwidth and good matching. The theoretical results compare well with IE3D simulation and experimental results.
{"title":"A broadband U-slot loaded circular disk patch antenna","authors":"N. Yadav, A. Mishra, P. Singh, J. A. Ansari, B. R. Vishvakarma","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441107","url":null,"abstract":"A broadband antenna is achieved by introducing U-shaped of slot in circular disk patch. In U- slot loaded disk antenna, typically 24.21 % bandwidth is obtained. Variation of slot length (Ls), slot width (T), and base length ( Lb) are studied to obtain the desired bandwidth and good matching. The theoretical results compare well with IE3D simulation and experimental results.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131140050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441120
Sindhu Hak Gupta, Bindya Virmani
With increasing demand of low complexity, higher performance systems ITU adopted Wi-Fi and Wi-Max as one of the IMT 2000 Technologies. Wi-Fi and Wi-Max technologies are major global cellular wireless standards. IEEE 802.16e standards use LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) based SFN (Single Frequency Network) networks. These codes were introduced in 1962 by Gallager. LDPC codes for Wi-max and Wi-Fi is based on the set of one or more fundamental LDPC codes, each of which is systematic linear block codes. These codes can accommodate various code rates and packet sizes. LDPC with the help of high frequency powerful processors is error correcting codes which allows transmission at rates in close proximity to Shannon's limit for large block length. With this paper authors are describing various LDPC codes with low complexity and high performance used for Wi-Fi and Wi-max technologies.
{"title":"LDPC for Wi-Fi and WiMAX technologies","authors":"Sindhu Hak Gupta, Bindya Virmani","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441120","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing demand of low complexity, higher performance systems ITU adopted Wi-Fi and Wi-Max as one of the IMT 2000 Technologies. Wi-Fi and Wi-Max technologies are major global cellular wireless standards. IEEE 802.16e standards use LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) based SFN (Single Frequency Network) networks. These codes were introduced in 1962 by Gallager. LDPC codes for Wi-max and Wi-Fi is based on the set of one or more fundamental LDPC codes, each of which is systematic linear block codes. These codes can accommodate various code rates and packet sizes. LDPC with the help of high frequency powerful processors is error correcting codes which allows transmission at rates in close proximity to Shannon's limit for large block length. With this paper authors are describing various LDPC codes with low complexity and high performance used for Wi-Fi and Wi-max technologies.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133914664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441108
P. Moghe, P. Singhal
A wideband electromagnetic-coupled single-layer L-shaped micro strip patch antenna is studied experimentally. Significant reduction of antenna size can be realized when the L-shaped patch is used instead of the conventional rectangular micro strip patch antenna [1]. The antenna is designed to function in the frequency band of 7–11 GHz. With dielectric substrate of total thickness 4.15 mm, possibility of achieving as much as 35.5% impedance bandwidth for VSWR≤2, from a compact antenna is revealed. Investigations on the radiation characteristics have also been carried out.
{"title":"Design of a single layer L-shaped microstrip patch antenna","authors":"P. Moghe, P. Singhal","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441108","url":null,"abstract":"A wideband electromagnetic-coupled single-layer L-shaped micro strip patch antenna is studied experimentally. Significant reduction of antenna size can be realized when the L-shaped patch is used instead of the conventional rectangular micro strip patch antenna [1]. The antenna is designed to function in the frequency band of 7–11 GHz. With dielectric substrate of total thickness 4.15 mm, possibility of achieving as much as 35.5% impedance bandwidth for VSWR≤2, from a compact antenna is revealed. Investigations on the radiation characteristics have also been carried out.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115127259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441124
S. Moghe, R. Upadhyay
In this paper we are introducing a new generation of 802.11n wireless network standard. The objective is to obtain numerical values for various measures of networking performance of 802.11n by simulating the system using Simulink. Our initial approach was to investigate the abilities of 802.11n standard to model a transmitter and receiver that communicated over a user defined channel. In wireless communications systems, the transmitted signal is distorted by fading and interference. If antennas are not spaced enough to achieve an independent fading, this can lead to loss in diversity benefits [1]. Traditional wireless communication systems use a single antenna for transmission and a single antenna for reception. Such systems are known as single input single output (SISO) systems [2]. We simulated a single OFDM symbol SISO system and demonstrated visually how the performance of the system gradually increases by increasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We also tested the performance of the system using Matlab's built in bit-error rate (BER) tool.
{"title":"Single input single output technology in 802.11n","authors":"S. Moghe, R. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441124","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we are introducing a new generation of 802.11n wireless network standard. The objective is to obtain numerical values for various measures of networking performance of 802.11n by simulating the system using Simulink. Our initial approach was to investigate the abilities of 802.11n standard to model a transmitter and receiver that communicated over a user defined channel. In wireless communications systems, the transmitted signal is distorted by fading and interference. If antennas are not spaced enough to achieve an independent fading, this can lead to loss in diversity benefits [1]. Traditional wireless communication systems use a single antenna for transmission and a single antenna for reception. Such systems are known as single input single output (SISO) systems [2]. We simulated a single OFDM symbol SISO system and demonstrated visually how the performance of the system gradually increases by increasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We also tested the performance of the system using Matlab's built in bit-error rate (BER) tool.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114786204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441147
A. Ganesh, A. Sangeetha, V. Ravi
This paper describes the network architectures of both WAN and LAN based real time control and monitoring of thermal process station using an embedded digital controller. The local digital controller is based on a PIC16F877A microcontroller used as temperature controller which directly communicates with the temperature transmitter as well the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). The internet based control and monitoring operation is realized as PHP scripts along with user developed front panel. The server-client configuration is implemented in Visual Basic Language and uses TCP/IP protocol. The over all time delay due to network based communication has been simulated and compared with the experimental data. The results have shown that the transport delay in internet based communication affects, especially the thermal process insignificantly.
{"title":"Network model based automation of thermal processes using an embedded digital controller","authors":"A. Ganesh, A. Sangeetha, V. Ravi","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441147","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the network architectures of both WAN and LAN based real time control and monitoring of thermal process station using an embedded digital controller. The local digital controller is based on a PIC16F877A microcontroller used as temperature controller which directly communicates with the temperature transmitter as well the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). The internet based control and monitoring operation is realized as PHP scripts along with user developed front panel. The server-client configuration is implemented in Visual Basic Language and uses TCP/IP protocol. The over all time delay due to network based communication has been simulated and compared with the experimental data. The results have shown that the transport delay in internet based communication affects, especially the thermal process insignificantly.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128525521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441090
Pramod Kumar, Rashid Mahmood, J. Kishor, A. Shrivastav
In this work a compact microstrip antenna has been design and developed. This antenna incorporated two symmetrical DMS like etching structure along length on patch surface of the antenna to minimize the size. Unlike normal antenna DGS/DMS introduces discontinuities on the signal plane which in turn disturbs shielded current distribution in signal plane. Due to which apparent permittivity of the substrate varies as a function of frequency and play important role in the performance of the antenna. A size reduction of 40% at 4.8GHz was observed. We also calculate all other parameters like apparent permittivity, phase velocity of wave, equivalent inductance and capacitance. Here we implement proportional formula of defect in three steps to get compact size of antenna which has higher impedance bandwidth w.r.t conventional patch antenna approximately 23.1MHz. For this work we care the overall performance like radiation pattern, efficiency, gain, directivity, polarization should not degraded by inserting slot. Here we also observe that performance of antenna is a function of shape, size, and position of DMS which is inserted. We use symmetrical DMS along length to avoid cross polarization. We not prefer here to use DGS because DGS also acts as radiating element which increases the back lobe radiation.
{"title":"Designing of a compact microstrip antenna resonating at 4.8GHz by using size reduction technique","authors":"Pramod Kumar, Rashid Mahmood, J. Kishor, A. Shrivastav","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441090","url":null,"abstract":"In this work a compact microstrip antenna has been design and developed. This antenna incorporated two symmetrical DMS like etching structure along length on patch surface of the antenna to minimize the size. Unlike normal antenna DGS/DMS introduces discontinuities on the signal plane which in turn disturbs shielded current distribution in signal plane. Due to which apparent permittivity of the substrate varies as a function of frequency and play important role in the performance of the antenna. A size reduction of 40% at 4.8GHz was observed. We also calculate all other parameters like apparent permittivity, phase velocity of wave, equivalent inductance and capacitance. Here we implement proportional formula of defect in three steps to get compact size of antenna which has higher impedance bandwidth w.r.t conventional patch antenna approximately 23.1MHz. For this work we care the overall performance like radiation pattern, efficiency, gain, directivity, polarization should not degraded by inserting slot. Here we also observe that performance of antenna is a function of shape, size, and position of DMS which is inserted. We use symmetrical DMS along length to avoid cross polarization. We not prefer here to use DGS because DGS also acts as radiating element which increases the back lobe radiation.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134127528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441157
Vijay Kumar Dixit
A voltage-mode DVCC based multifunctional biquardratic filter configuration is proposed. The circuit uses two DVCCs as active elements and together with two capacitors and three resistors as passive elements. The proposed filter can realize the low-pass, high-pass, three band-pass, band-eliminate and all-pass responses in a single circuit. The new configurations offer very high-input impedance, which enables easy cascading and enjoy low sensitivities. The theoretical results are verified with PSPICE simulations using a CMOS realization of DVCC.
{"title":"DVCC based voltage-mode multifunctional biquadratic filter","authors":"Vijay Kumar Dixit","doi":"10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRO.2009.5441157","url":null,"abstract":"A voltage-mode DVCC based multifunctional biquardratic filter configuration is proposed. The circuit uses two DVCCs as active elements and together with two capacitors and three resistors as passive elements. The proposed filter can realize the low-pass, high-pass, three band-pass, band-eliminate and all-pass responses in a single circuit. The new configurations offer very high-input impedance, which enables easy cascading and enjoy low sensitivities. The theoretical results are verified with PSPICE simulations using a CMOS realization of DVCC.","PeriodicalId":149384,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic Devices & Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132906854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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