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Improvement of electrical and energy harvesting properties of new lead-free BST modified 0.995BNKT–0.005LN ceramics 新型无铅BST改性0.995BNKT-0.005LN陶瓷的电气和能量收集性能的改善
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2022.2156668
P. Wannasut, P. Jaiban, P. Jaita, M. Promsawat, O. Khamman, A. Watcharapasorn
ABSTRACT New lead-free (1-y)[0.995Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3-0.005LiNbO3]-y[(Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3] or (1-y)[0.995BNKT-0.005LN]-y[BST] (where y = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 mol fraction) ceramics were fabricated by a conventional sintering method with two calcination steps. All ceramics sintered at 1125°C for 2 hours showed an optimum relative density of ~98% and a linear shrinkage of ~18%. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that all ceramics possessed a pure perovskite phase with coexisting rhombohedral and tetragonal structures. Electrical and energy harvesting properties of 0.995BNKT–0.005LN ceramics were improved with 0.03 mol fraction BST addition (d 33 = 287 pC/N, d*33 = 440 pm/V, g33 = 13.40 × 10−3 V/mN and FoM = 3.85 pm2/N). From the observed results, the 0.97[0.995BNKT-0.005LN]-0.03[BST] ceramic is a promising candidate for lead-free piezoelelectric sensor-actuator and energy harvester.
摘要采用两步烧结法制备了新型无铅(1-y)[0.95 bi0.5 (Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3-0.005LiNbO3]-y[(Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3]或(1-y)[0.95 bnkt -0.005 ln]-y[BST](其中y = 0、0.01、0.02、0.03、0.04和0.05 mol分数)陶瓷。在1125℃下烧结2小时,陶瓷的最佳相对密度为~98%,线收缩率为~18%。x射线衍射图表明,所有陶瓷都具有纯钙钛矿相,并具有菱形和四边形结构共存。添加0.03 mol分数的BST (d 33 = 287 pC/N, d*33 = 440 pm/V, g33 = 13.40 × 10−3 V/mN, FoM = 3.85 pm2/N)改善了0.995BNKT-0.005LN陶瓷的电和能量收集性能。从观察结果来看,0.97[0.995BNKT-0.005LN]-0.03[BST]陶瓷是无铅压电传感器-执行器和能量收集器的理想候选材料。
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引用次数: 0
Piezoelectric property optimization for piezoelectric single crystals using parametric estimation 基于参数估计的压电单晶压电性能优化
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2022.2161153
Ho-Yong Shin, Ho-Yong Lee, Il-Gok Hong, Jong-Ho Kim, J. Im
ABSTRACT The piezoelectric properties of a piezoelectric single crystal are typically determined using a resonance method. However, it is challenging to evaluate these properties in single crystals owing to their high sensitivity and property variations. In this study, to accurately determine the piezoelectric properties, initial values were obtained using two types of samples (TE and TS modes). Impedance spectrum tendency analysis was performed according to the variables to develop a property estimation method. To determine the reliability of this method, the piezoelectric single crystal properties were evaluated and compared using the resonance method. Hence, it was confirmed that high-accuracy piezoelectric properties were obtained in a cost effective and timeous manner.
压电单晶的压电特性通常使用共振方法来确定。然而,由于单晶的高灵敏度和性质变化,在单晶中评估这些性质是具有挑战性的。在本研究中,为了准确确定压电性能,使用两种类型的样品(TE和TS模式)获得初始值。根据变量进行阻抗谱趋势分析,以开发性能估计方法。为了确定该方法的可靠性,使用共振法对压电单晶的性能进行了评估和比较。因此,证实了以成本有效且及时的方式获得高精度压电特性。
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引用次数: 0
Excellent permittivity-temperature stability and reliability performance of ultra-thin Ba0.97Ca0.03TiO3-based MLCCs 超薄Ba0.97Ca0.03TiO3基MLCC优异的介电常数温度稳定性和可靠性性能
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2023.2166655
Xiong Huang, Lei Zhang, Pengfei Wang, Gang Jian, Jun Yang, Bo Li, Shuhui Yu, Rong Sun, Zhen-Guo Fu, Xiuhua Cao
ABSTRACT High-temperature stability and reliability are in high demand for ultra-thin multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), which are ubiquitous in electronic industries. Here, two doping matrices of BaTiO3 (BT) and Ba0.97Ca0.03TiO3 (BCT) are chosen to prepare ultra-thin MLCCs, whose effects on the microstructure, nonlinear dielectric properties, temperature stability, and reliability of the capacitors were investigated. Compared with BT-based MLCCs, BCT-based MLCCs possess better core-shell structures, thus, leading to a higher Schottky barrier for inhibiting carrier migration and improving aging performance. For the 1.5 μm-thickness capacitors using the BCT doping matrix rather than BT, the temperature coefficient of capacitance reaches the X7R standard, and the breakdown field increases from 148 to 172 V/μm. Moreover, the ability to resist insulation resistance degradation has been significantly improved. This work demonstrates the great potential of using BCT as the doping matrix to prepare ultra-thin MLCCs with excellent temperature stability and reliability.
摘要超薄多层陶瓷电容器(mlcc)在电子工业中广泛应用,对其高温稳定性和可靠性提出了很高的要求。本文选择BaTiO3 (BT)和Ba0.97Ca0.03TiO3 (BCT)两种掺杂基质制备超薄mlcc,研究了其对电容器微观结构、非线性介电性能、温度稳定性和可靠性的影响。与基于bt的mlcc相比,基于btc的mlcc具有更好的核壳结构,因此具有更高的Schottky势垒,可以抑制载流子迁移,提高老化性能。采用BCT而非BT掺杂的1.5 μm厚度电容器,电容温度系数达到X7R标准,击穿场从148 V/μm增加到172 V/μm。而且,抗绝缘电阻退化的能力也有了明显的提高。这项工作证明了BCT作为掺杂基质制备超薄mlcc具有良好的温度稳定性和可靠性的巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 3
Effect of sintering temperature on physical, mechanical, and electrical properties of nano silica particles synthesized from Indonesia local sand for piezoelectric application 烧结温度对印尼当地砂合成压电用纳米二氧化硅颗粒物理、力学和电学性能的影响
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2023.2173851
Muh. Sadat Hamzah, M. W. Wildan, Kusmono, E. Suharyadi
ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of the sintering temperature of nanosilica on physical, mechanical, dielectric, and output voltage properties. The nanosilica particles used in this experiment were produced using the alkaline fusion method from natural sand. The green bodies were uniaxially formed with a pressure of 75 MPa and then were pressureless sintered at various temperatures of 1330, 1360, 1390, 1420, and 1450°C for 2 hours in an air atmosphere. The results of sintering showed that the highest bulk density and the relative density of 2.49 ± 0.03 g/cm3 and 94.03 ± 0.01% respectively were achieved at a sintering temperature of 1390°C. The XRD patterns of the sintered silica indicated phases of quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite, with the strongest peak corresponding to the cristobalite phase. The highest compressive strength and diametral tensile strength values of 17.23 ± 0.27 MPa and 6.06 ± 0.71 MPa respectively were obtained on specimens sintered at 1390°C. However, the highest values of the dielectric constant of 544.28, dielectric loss of 195.94, and output voltage of 1.58 mV were obtained at a sintering temperature of 1330°C. Various sintering temperatures do not significantly influence the characteristic of dielectric and output voltage of the sintered specimens.
本研究旨在确定烧结温度对纳米二氧化硅的物理、机械、介电和输出电压性能的影响。本实验中使用的纳米二氧化硅颗粒是由天然砂采用碱性熔融法制备的。在75 MPa的压力下单轴成形绿体,然后在1330、1360、1390、1420、1450℃的不同温度下在空气中无压烧结2小时。烧结结果表明,在烧结温度为1390℃时,其堆积密度最高,相对密度为2.49±0.03 g/cm3,相对密度为94.03±0.01%。烧结后二氧化硅的XRD谱图显示为石英、钇铝石和方石英相,其中最强峰对应方石英相。1390℃烧结试样的抗压强度和直径抗拉强度分别为17.23±0.27 MPa和6.06±0.71 MPa。而在烧结温度为1330℃时,其介电常数为544.28,介电损耗为195.94,输出电压为1.58 mV。不同的烧结温度对烧结试样的介电特性和输出电压没有显著影响。
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引用次数: 3
Crystal structure and ion-exchange property of a lepidocrocite-like sodium titanate 类鳞片青石钛酸钠的晶体结构和离子交换性能
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2023.2173849
Keito Makise, T. Takei, N. Saito, Junichi Yamanaka, N. Kumada, Hiroyoshi Mori, Nobuki Itoi, Toshiki Goto
ABSTRACT A lepidocrocite-like potassium titanate, (Kx(LixTi1-x)O2; Lss) with a layered structure can provide a reactive interlayer space for soft-chemical reaction such as ion-exchange or intercalation and the hydrated sodium derivative (Lss-Na) was obtained by an ion-exchange reaction. The crystal structures of the hydrated and dehydrated Lss-Na were refined by using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. Two steps of dehydrated processes for the Lss-Na were observed by in-situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. The ion-exchange property for Lss-Na was superior to those for Lss and Lss-H and was corelated with the effective basal space which was expanded by formation of two layers of water molecules.
摘要:一种鳞片状细晶钛酸钾,(Kx(LixTi1-x)O2;Lss)可以为诸如离子交换或插层之类的软化学反应提供反应性层间空间,并且通过离子交换反应获得水合钠衍生物(Lss-Na)。利用同步加速器粉末X射线衍射数据对水合和脱水Lss-Na的晶体结构进行了细化。用原位同步加速器粉末X射线衍射观察了Lss-Na脱水过程的两个步骤。Lss-Na的离子交换性能优于Lss和Lss-H,并且与通过形成两层水分子而扩展的有效基底空间有关。
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引用次数: 0
Two-step simulation of piezoelectric properties of porous PZT according to porosity 基于孔隙率的多孔PZT压电特性两步模拟
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2022.2159928
Il-Gok Hong, Ho-Yong Shin, Jong-Ho Kim, U. Paik, J. Im
ABSTRACT Porous piezoelectric materials have been widely used in hydrophone applications owing to their excellent hydrostatic charge constant (dh) and voltage constant (gh). However, owing to the difficulty in sample manufacturing, the evaluation of the overall piezoelectric properties for reliable device design using simulations is challenging. Herein, a two-step simulation was performed to accurately determine the overall properties of the porous PZT. First, the piezoelectric charge constant was calculated by displacement calculations using the electrostrictive effect. Second, using the calculated piezoelectric charge constant and impedance spectrum obtained from the experiment, the initial value for optimizing the properties was selected, and the overall properties were obtained using the parametric estimation technique. These parametric estimation simulation procedures were performed with the samples of radial and thickness modes based on the IEEE standards. Finally, the piezoelectric properties obtained were compared and verified with the experimental values. Therefore, the overall piezoelectric properties include mechanical, frequency and dielectric properties according to the porosity were obtained with reliable results.
多孔压电材料以其优异的静水压电荷常数(dh)和电压常数(gh)在水听器中得到了广泛的应用。然而,由于样品制造的困难,使用模拟来评估可靠器件设计的整体压电特性是具有挑战性的。在此,进行了两步模拟,以准确地确定多孔PZT的整体性能。首先,利用电致伸缩效应通过位移计算来计算压电电荷常数。其次,利用实验获得的压电电荷常数和阻抗谱,选择了优化性能的初始值,并使用参数估计技术获得了整体性能。这些参数估计模拟程序是根据IEEE标准对径向和厚度模式的样本进行的。最后,将所得的压电性能与实验值进行了比较和验证。因此,根据孔隙率获得了包括机械性能、频率性能和介电性能在内的整体压电性能,结果可靠。
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引用次数: 2
The grain growth mechanisms for 0.8(Bi,Na)TiO3-0.2(Sr,Ti)O3 ceramics prepared using a two-step sintering process 研究了两步烧结制备0.8(Bi,Na)TiO3-0.2(Sr,Ti)O3陶瓷的晶粒生长机理
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2022.2163961
Lee Gwangseop, J. Koh
ABSTRACT In this study, lead-free 0.8(Bi,Na)TiO3-0.2(Sr,Ti)O3 piezoelectric ceramics were prepared using a two-step sintering process to analyze their sintering mechanisms. Two-step sintering process has benefits of being able to be conducted at lower temperatures than conventional sintering process, but the complicated sintering mechanisms involved in this process have not been yet fully investigated. Therefore, in the present study, two-step sintering mechanism for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics was analyzed by estimating the activation energy required depending on the sintering conditions. Using the two-step sintering process, the piezoelectric charge and electromechanical coupling coefficients improved from 146 pC/N and 0.347 to 163 pC/N and 0.377, respectively. By comparing the grain-growth mechanisms for the conventional and two-step sintering processes, it appeared that the sintering mechanisms differed. By introducing the two-step sintering process, piezoelectric ceramics with improved piezoelectric charge and electromechanical coupling coefficients were produced.
本研究采用两步烧结工艺制备无铅0.8(Bi,Na)TiO3-0.2(Sr,Ti)O3压电陶瓷,分析其烧结机理。两步烧结工艺具有比传统烧结工艺温度更低的优点,但其复杂的烧结机理尚未得到充分的研究。因此,在本研究中,通过估算不同烧结条件下所需的活化能,分析无铅压电陶瓷的两步烧结机理。采用两步烧结工艺,压电电荷系数和机电耦合系数分别从146 pC/N和0.347提高到163 pC/N和0.377。通过比较常规烧结和两步烧结的晶粒生长机制,发现两步烧结的晶粒生长机制不同。通过引入两步烧结工艺,制备出了具有较高压电电荷和机电耦合系数的压电陶瓷。
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引用次数: 0
Vat photopolymerization-based 3D printing of complex-shaped and high-performance Al2O3 ceramic tool with chip-breaking grooves: Cutting performance and wear mechanism 基于还原光聚合的复杂形状高性能断片槽Al2O3陶瓷刀具3D打印:切削性能与磨损机理
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2023.2168343
Haidong Wu, Wei Liu, Yuerui Xu, Lifu Lin, Yehua Li, Shanghua Wu
ABSTRACT Due to the processing of alumina ceramic cutting tools with complex shapes using traditional methods is difficult and time-consuming, vat-photopolymerization-based 3D printing was adopted to fabricate Al2O3 ceramic cutting tools with grooves for the first time. Subsequently, cutting performance evaluation and wear mechanism analysis were conducted. The relative density, Vickers hardness, and bending strength of the alumina cutting tools were determined. The effects of the cutting speed, feed rate, and cutting depth on the cutting performance and wear mechanism of the cutting tools were systematically investigated. In addition, two commercial cutting tools, namely cemented carbide and ceramic tools without grooves, were used for comparison. The cutting speed has the highest influence on the cutting performance, whereas the cutting depth has the least influence. The cutting performance of the prepared alumina cutting inserts with chip breaker grooves superior to that those without chip-breaking grooves and that of the cemented carbide tools. The wear mechanisms of the prepared alumina cutting tools and commercial tools were determined to be abrasive and adhesive wear, and those of the cemented carbide tools were adhesive wear and breakage. This work opens a new avenue for the future preparation of high-performance and complex-shaped ceramic cutting tools.
摘要由于使用传统方法加工形状复杂的氧化铝陶瓷刀具既困难又耗时,首次采用基于还原光聚合的3D打印技术制作了带有凹槽的Al2O3陶瓷刀具。随后,进行了切削性能评价和磨损机理分析。测定了氧化铝刀具的相对密度、维氏硬度和抗弯强度。系统地研究了切削速度、进给量和切削深度对刀具切削性能和磨损机理的影响。此外,还使用了两种商用刀具,即硬质合金刀具和无凹槽陶瓷刀具进行比较。切削速度对切削性能的影响最大,而切削深度的影响最小。所制备的带断屑槽的氧化铝刀片的切削性能优于无断屑槽和硬质合金刀具。制备的氧化铝刀具和商用刀具的磨损机理为磨料磨损和粘着磨损,硬质合金刀具的磨损机制为粘着磨损和断裂。这项工作为未来制备高性能、形状复杂的陶瓷刀具开辟了一条新的途径。
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引用次数: 1
Cordierite-based ceramics from stevensite clay and coal fly ash 由斯蒂文site粘土和粉煤灰制备的堇青石基陶瓷
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2022.2153473
Hanaa Hajjou, K. Tabit, L. Saâdi, M. Waqif
ABSTRACT Cordierite-based ceramic is one of the most interesting engineering materials that has attractive and multidisciplinary assets, such as low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal shock resistance, high refractoriness, good mechanical properties, and so on. In this work, cordierite-based ceramics were prepared mainly from stevensite-rich clay or coal fly ash (CFA) and stevensite-rich clay using a solid-state interaction process. The influence of heating temperature, in the range of 800–1250°C, and starting materials on the microstructure-temperature evolutions and mechanical strength were evaluated using TGA-DTA, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and dilatometric analysis. The results revealed, for both formulations heating in the temperature range 800–1100°C, the transformation of stevensite-rich clay into enstatite and its polymorphisms. Further heating induced the formation of the cordierite phase at 1200°C, for the formulation consisted mainly of stevensite-rich clay and CFA, and at 1250°C for that contained mainly stevensite-rich clay. The addition of CFA to stevensite-rich clay enhanced its reactivity and involved the increase in mechanical strength from 5 MPa to 15 MPa at 1200°C.
摘要堇青石基陶瓷是一种最受关注的工程材料,具有低热膨胀系数、优异的抗热震性、高耐火性和良好的力学性能等优点,堇青石基陶瓷主要由富含stevensite的粘土或粉煤灰(CFA)和富含Stevensites的粘土通过固态相互作用制备。使用TGA-DTA、XRD、FTIR、SEM和膨胀分析评估了800–1250°C范围内的加热温度和起始材料对微观结构温度演变和机械强度的影响。结果表明,对于在800–1100°C温度范围内加热的两种配方,富含史蒂文斯特的粘土转化为顽火辉石及其多态性。进一步加热导致在1200°C下形成堇青石相,因为配方主要由富含史蒂文斯特的粘土和CFA组成,而在1250°C下,主要由富含stevensite的粘土组成。在富含stevensite的粘土中添加CFA增强了其反应性,并在1200°C时将机械强度从5MPa提高到15MPa。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of groove and notch tip angles on testing fracture toughness by SEVNB method: models and experimental validation 凹槽和缺口尖端角度对SEVNB法测试断裂韧性的影响:模型和实验验证
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 Materials Science Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/21870764.2022.2156676
J. Cui, Kang Guan, Pinggen Rao, Cheng Peng, Q. Zeng, Jiantao Liu, Shuyan Yu
ABSTRACT The single-edged V-notch beam (SEVNB) method is considered as an effective method for evaluating the fracture toughness values of brittle materials. In this method, it is assumed that the V-notch is a natural crack. However, this assumption may cause an overestimation of the fracture toughness due to the “notch passivation effect”. To investigate the effects of the V-notch and groove tip angles on the fracture toughness testing of ceramic materials, three typical models were established in this work. The stress intensity factors of these models were calculated using a J-integral based on the linear finite element method (LFEM). The results indicated that the measured fracture toughness values could be overestimated by 0.5%- 13.7% when the angle of the V-notch tip increased from 10° to 60°. Increasing the angle formed by the V-notch and groove from 10° to 60°, fracture toughness was overevaluated by about 0% – 2.0%. When the angle formed by the V-notch and groove increased to 120°, the fracture toughness was overevaluated by about 31%. Finally, two equations were fitted to assess the angles effects on fracture toughness, and the results have been validated by experiments. An important reference for the SEVNB method can be found in this work.
单刃v形缺口梁(SEVNB)法被认为是评估脆性材料断裂韧性值的一种有效方法。在此方法中,假设v型缺口为自然裂纹。然而,由于“缺口钝化效应”,这种假设可能会导致对断裂韧性的高估。为了研究v形缺口和凹槽尖端角度对陶瓷材料断裂韧性测试的影响,本文建立了三个典型模型。采用基于线性有限元法(LFEM)的j积分法计算了各模型的应力强度因子。结果表明,当v形缺口尖端角度从10°增加到60°时,测量的断裂韧性值会高估0.5% ~ 13.7%。当v形缺口与沟槽形成的角度从10°增加到60°时,断裂韧性高估约0% ~ 2.0%。当v形缺口与坡口形成的角度增加到120°时,断裂韧性被高估约31%。最后,拟合了两个方程来评估角度对断裂韧性的影响,并通过实验验证了结果。这项工作为SEVNB方法提供了重要的参考。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies
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