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Perceived Stressors and Coping Mechanisms of Selected First-Year Psychology Students Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Method 部分心理学一年级学生在 COVID-19 大流行中感知到的压力和应对机制:混合方法
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i02.015
Timothy John DC. Libiran, Jim Exequiel C. Lacanlale, Ldianza Aura D.G. Sempio, Bryan D.C. Gabriel
The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed significant and diverse stressors on first-year psychology students in the Philippines. This research explored into various coping mechanisms employed by these students to navigate the stressors. Employing a descriptive-evaluative design, the study aimed to comprehend the stressors experienced by the students and utilized a phenomenological approach to explore their coping mechanisms. Upon analyzing the data, the researchers categorized the stressors and coping mechanisms according to their prevalence. The most prevalent stressor identified was the Psychosocial Environment, encompassing issues such as School-Related problems, Family-Related problems, and financial difficulties. Leisure activities emerged as the most frequently adopted coping mechanism. Chronic and Acute Burdens, Biological Environment, and Psychosocial Environment were all identified as significant stressors perceived by the respondents. However, the Psychosocial Environment stood out as the primary stressor among the three, supported by both quantitative findings and qualitative analysis, which highlighted School-Related problems as the foremost perceived stressor by students. Conversely, the results indicated that leisure activities were the coping mechanism most commonly utilized by respondents, garnering 28.9% of the responses. This underscores the importance for schools to consider the volume of extracurricular activities they mandate and for family members to regularly check in on their children. Lastly, the study recommends conducting in-person interviews and expanding the sample population to obtain more comprehensive insights.
COVID-19 大流行给菲律宾心理学一年级学生带来了巨大而多样的压力。本研究探讨了这些学生为应对压力而采用的各种应对机制。本研究采用描述性评价设计,旨在了解学生们所经历的压力,并利用现象学方法探讨他们的应对机制。在对数据进行分析后,研究人员根据压力源和应对机制的普遍程度对其进行了分类。最普遍的压力源是社会心理环境,包括学校相关问题、家庭相关问题和经济困难。休闲活动是最常见的应对机制。慢性和急性负担、生物环境和社会心理环境都被认为是受访者感受到的重要压力源。然而,社会心理环境是这三种压力源中最主要的压力源,这一点得到了定量分析结果和定性分析结果的支持,定量分析结果和定性分析结果都强调,与学校有关的问题是学生认为最主要的压力源。相反,调查结果显示,休闲活动是受访者最常用的应对机制,占受访者总数的 28.9%。这突出表明,学校必须考虑规定的课外活动量,家庭成员也必须定期检查孩子的情况。最后,研究建议进行面对面访谈并扩大样本人群,以获得更全面的见解。
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引用次数: 0
THE INFLUENCE OF SUPERVISION, LEADERSHIP, AND MOTIVATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES AT ASAHAN DISTRICT'S HUMAN RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY 监督、领导和激励对阿萨汉地区人力资源与发展机构员工绩效的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i02.006
Aulia Rachman, Mei Ingatman Zebua, Ruwaidah Hadianti, Isnaini Indasari, Hasrita Lubis, Dewi Budiarti Isnaini
The question posed by this study is whether employee performance at the Asahan Regency Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency is influenced by supervision, leadership, and motivation simultaneously. This exploration means determining the impact of oversight, authority and inspiration on representative execution at the Asahan Rule Faculty and HR Improvement Organization. This study's sample consisted of all 38 Asahan Regency personnel and Human Resources Development Agency employees. The information examination procedure in this exploration is Numerous Straight Relapses. The consequences of this examination show that halfway oversight significantly affects representative execution; employee performance is influenced in part and significantly by leadership; inspiration somewhat affects representative execution; and management, initiative and inspiration all the while meaningfully affect representative execution.
本研究提出的问题是,阿萨汉地区人事和人力资源发展机构的员工绩效是否同时受到监督、领导和激励的影响。这一探索意味着要确定监督、权威和激励对阿萨汉规则人事和人力资源改进机构代表执行力的影响。本研究的样本包括所有 38 名 Asahan 地区人事和人力资源开发机构的员工。本研究的信息检验程序是多次直线复现。研究结果表明,中途监督对代表的执行力有显著影响;员工绩效在一定程度上受领导力的显著影响;激励对代表的执行力有一定影响;管理、主动性和激励同时对代表的执行力产生有意义的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Vinzons Pilot High School Online Enrollment with Student Track Identification System 开发 Vinzons 试点高中网上注册学生轨迹识别系统
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i02.020
Jezreel E. Rodriguez
The Vinzons Pilot High School is a top secondary school in the Camarines Norte province. About 6,000 students attend VPHS every year with the number seeing a steady increase. which recruited around 200 instructors and staff members. Enrolment allows around 6000 students every year which poses a concern for the student and the employees of the school. It is for that reason that the digitizing enrolment system is among the alternatives that can help to manage the large number of participants and the data to manage. The agenda on the establishment of online enrolment system coupled with student track identification for Vinzons Pilot High School was offered as an alternative for the usual manual process, and to facilitate flow and eliminate disorganization of transactions and work. The research focuses on how hand enrolling works on the side of school transactions and students' opinions about their selective track. The enrolment procedure is time-consuming and is not so efficient as manual enrolment method is used to cover multiple transactions like the updating and adding of student data, the provision of Learner Information System reports, student sectioning, assisting students to choose a specialty among others. The study requires proper data management because the study concentrates on monitoring adherence to the restrictions and assessing the manual system. In this, the proponent obtained the necessary data that would guide the development of redesigning and automating the existing process and serving students to find the right path to their career.
Vinzons 飞行高中是北甘马林斯省的一所顶尖中学。每年约有 6000 名学生就读于 VPHS,而且人数还在稳步增长。每年的招生人数约为 6000 人,这给学生和学校员工带来了担忧。因此,数字化注册系统是有助于管理大量参与者和数据的替代方案之一。为 Vinzons 试点高中建立在线注册系统和学生轨迹识别系统的议程是作为通常手工流程的替代方案提出的,目的是促进流程,消除交易和工作的无序状态。研究的重点是手工注册如何在学校交易中发挥作用,以及学生对其选择轨道的看法。入学程序耗时且效率不高,因为手工入学方法涉及多项事务,如更新和添加学生数据、提供学生信息系统报告、学生分科、协助学生选择专业等。这项研究需要适当的数据管理,因为研究的重点是监测限制条件的遵守情况和评估人工系统。在此过程中,提议者获得了必要的数据,这些数据将指导现有流程的重新设计和自动化发展,并为学生找到正确的职业道路提供服务。
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引用次数: 0
THE INFLUENCE OF WORK EXPERIENCE, DISCIPLINE AND SUPERVISION ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE IN SMA NEGERI 1 PAKKAT 工作经验、纪律和监督对 sma negeri 1 pakkat 教师绩效的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i02.004
Guntur Surya Kencana, Hendrik Setiawan, Amir Hidayah Siregar, Syahdan Lubis, Amirul Syah, Sri Rahayu
This research aims to analyze the influence of work experience, discipline and supervision on teacher performance at SMA Negeri 1 Pakkat. The research method uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through questionnaires distributed to teachers at the school. Data were analyzed using regression analysis to identify the extent to which work experience, discipline and supervision contribute to teacher performance. The research results show that work experience has a positive effect on teacher performance, indicating that teachers with longer work experience tend to have better performance. Discipline also makes a positive contribution to teacher performance, emphasizing the importance of implementing rules and regulations in increasing teaching effectiveness. Apart from that, supervision from the school also plays an important role in improving teacher performance.
本研究旨在分析工作经验、纪律和监督对 SMA Negeri 1 Pakkat 学校教师绩效的影响。研究方法采用定量方法,通过向学校教师发放问卷收集数据。采用回归分析法对数据进行分析,以确定工作经验、纪律和监督对教师绩效的影响程度。研究结果表明,工作经验对教师绩效有积极影响,表明工作经验越长的教师绩效越高。纪律对教师绩效也有积极影响,强调了执行规章制度对提高教学效果的重要性。此外,学校的监督也对提高教师绩效起到重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT FOR ILLICIT CROPS HAS NOT SUCCEEDED AND CAN NEVER SUCCEED 非法作物替代发展没有成功,也不可能成功
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i02.032
Romesh Bhattacharji
Thirty years ago an illicit crop containment policy called Alternative Development (AD), supported by UNODC and some developed countries commenced with fanfare, funds and optimism. It claimed to be a humane way of weaning illicit crop cultivators, but followed in the wake of eradication. It is a policy of selective economic development of illicit crop growing areas, excluding contiguous poor areas. Despite the prominence given to AD and the years spent in nurturing it there is no success at all. No statistical data is available of how many hectares of illicit crop have been permanently removed. On the other hand illicit cultivation of all drug crops keeps increasing. Most and of immediate concern is that, despite optimism of UNGASS 2017 and other NGOs, opium production in Afghanistan rose by 43 per cent to 4,800 metric tons in 2016 compared with 2015 levels. The area under opium poppy cultivation also increased to 201,000 hectares (ha) in 2016, a rise of 10 per cent compared with 183,000 ha in 2015. The higher production can be explained by the larger area under opium poppy cultivation, but the most important driver is the higher opium yield per hectare.
三十年前,在联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室和一些发达国家的支持下,一项名为 "替代发展"(AD)的遏制非法作物政策大张旗鼓地开始实施,并带来了资金和乐观情绪。该政策声称是让非法作物种植者断奶的一种人道方式,但在根除非法作物之后,该政策随之而来。这是一项有选择地发展非法作物种植区经济的政策,将毗邻的贫困地区排除在外。尽管对反倾销措施给予了高度重视,并花费了多年时间进行培育,但根本没有取得成功。没有统计数据表明有多少公顷的非法作物被永久清除。另一方面,所有毒品作物的非法种植都在不断增加。最直接令人担忧的是,尽管 2017 年联大特别会议和其他非政府组织持乐观态度,但 2016 年阿富汗的鸦片产量比 2015 年增加了 43%,达到 4800 公吨。2016 年罂粟种植面积也增至 201 000 公顷,与 2015 年的 183 000 公顷相比增加了 10%。产量增加的原因是罂粟种植面积扩大,但最重要的驱动因素是每公顷鸦片产量提高。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Economics of Main Season and Spring Rice Production in Kanchanpur District, Nepal 尼泊尔 Kanchanpur 县主季稻和春稻生产的经济学比较
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i01.016
Ritu Bhatt, R. K. Adhikari, Reshma Karki, Shiksha Khanal, Sachita Rajbhandari
Rice is the major staple food crop in Nepal which has been growing in two different seasons mainly June/July – October/November as main season rice (MSR) whereas during February/March – June/July as spring rice (SR). A comparative economic analysis of MSR and SR production in Kanchanpur district Nepal was conducted during March to July 2023. A total of 120 rice-growing farmers including 60 MSR and 60 SR growers were randomly selected from the available grower list to collect primary information by using pre-tested interview schedules. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, and the Cobb-Douglas production function were employed for the data analysis. The study finding revealed that the average landholding of MSR growers was 0.65 ha/hh, whereas the same for SR growers, was 0.55 ha/hh. The average area for MSR and SR were at 0.53 ha and 0.29 ha, respectively. The average productivity of the SR (3.69 t/ha) in the study area was found to be significantly higher than the MSR (4.61 t/ha). Despite the higher cost of production for SR (Rs. 80309.95/ha) than MSR (Rs. 75048.45/ha), the Benefit-Cost ratio for SR was found to be higher (1.61) than that of MSR (1.38). The analysis of coefficients indicated a decreasing for main season rice and increasing return to scale for spring rice, with sums of coefficients measuring 0.74 and 1.24 respectively. This implies that a 100% increase in expenditure on the variables outlined in the model for MSR and SR led to a 74% and 95% increase in the gross return of rice production. These results underscore the potential advantages of promoting improved seed varieties and adopting commercial farming practices in the spring rice cultivation area. The findings indicated the need to replace manual labor with machinery to reduce costs and increase rice cultivation profits.
水稻是尼泊尔的主要粮食作物,在两个不同的季节种植,主要是 6 月/7 月至 10 月/11 月的主季水稻(MSR)和 2 月/3 月至 6 月/7 月的春稻(SR)。2023 年 3 月至 7 月期间,对尼泊尔 Kanchanpur 县的 MSR 和 SR 生产进行了经济比较分析。从现有的种植者名单中随机抽取了 120 位水稻种植农户,包括 60 位 MSR 种植者和 60 位 SR 种植者,使用预先测试过的访谈表收集原始信息。数据分析采用了描述性统计、独立样本 t 检验和柯布-道格拉斯生产函数。研究结果显示,MSR 种植者的平均土地占有量为 0.65 公顷/小时,而 SR 种植者的平均土地占有量为 0.55 公顷/小时。MSR 和 SR 的平均面积分别为 0.53 公顷和 0.29 公顷。研究发现,SR 的平均生产率(3.69 吨/公顷)明显高于 MSR(4.61 吨/公顷)。尽管 SR 的生产成本(80309.95 卢比/公顷)高于 MSR(75048.45 卢比/公顷),但发现 SR 的效益成本比(1.61)高于 MSR(1.38)。系数分析表明,主季水稻的规模收益递减,春稻的规模收益递增,系数总和分别为 0.74 和 1.24。这意味着,在主季水稻和春稻模型中列出的变量上增加 100%的支出,可使水稻生产的总收益分别增加 74% 和 95%。这些结果凸显了在春稻种植区推广改良种子品种和采用商业化耕作方法的潜在优势。研究结果表明,有必要用机械代替人工,以降低成本,提高水稻种植利润。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Religion in Economic Decision Making 宗教在经济决策中的作用
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i01.009
Diah Bardiah, Saeed Herawi
This study aims to investigate the influence of religion on economic decision-making in contemporary society. This study employs a quantitative survey technique to acquire a comprehensive knowledge of the complexities of the variables that impact economic decisions, as well as the consequences of these results in the context of inclusive and sustainable economic policy. The study includes 164 volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 28 years, 28 to 46 years, 46 to 58 years, and over 59 years. According to the survey data, religion has a significant influence on attitudes about investment and consumption. The findings of this study have significant implications for designing inclusive economic policies. Good religious education can help deepen individuals' understanding of how religious values can be integrated into their economic decisions.
本研究旨在探讨宗教对当代社会经济决策的影响。本研究采用定量调查技术,以全面了解影响经济决策的变量的复杂性,以及这些结果在包容性和可持续经济政策方面的后果。研究对象包括 164 名志愿者,年龄分别为 17 至 28 岁、28 至 46 岁、46 至 58 岁和 59 岁以上。调查数据显示,宗教对投资和消费的态度有重大影响。这项研究的结果对制定包容性经济政策具有重要意义。良好的宗教教育有助于加深个人对如何将宗教价值观融入其经济决策的理解。
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引用次数: 0
ENHANCING SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE THROUGH DIGITAL INTEGRATION: A CASE STUDY OF MOROCCAN BUSINESSES 通过数字整合提高供应链的复原力:摩洛哥企业案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i01.010
Fatima Zahra Fatih, Safiullah Junejo
This study examines Moroccan enterprises' digital transformation and supply chain resilience. To adapt to changing market situations, we examine digital integration attitudes and approaches. The results demonstrate that digital technologies are increasingly essential to corporate operations, responding strategically to market changes and strengthening supply chain resilience. This study offers a fresh perspective after the COVID-19 pandemic exposed global supply chain flaws. Digital technologies, remote supplier relationship management, and data security's rising importance in supply chain security are examined. Detailed supply contract analysis and supplier diversification are also critical. Health, safety, and operational continuity are stressed in this context, and effective staff management is essential to solving modern problems. Combining theoretical foundations with empirical investigation, this research examines digital integration and supply chain resilience. It advises Moroccan firms to enhance their defences against possible attacks. Digital transformation and strategic measures may help firms survive and thrive in today's dynamic business climate while maintaining a stable supply chain.
本研究探讨了摩洛哥企业的数字化转型和供应链应变能力。为了适应不断变化的市场形势,我们研究了数字化整合的态度和方法。研究结果表明,数字技术对企业运营、战略应对市场变化和加强供应链应变能力越来越重要。在 COVID-19 大流行暴露出全球供应链缺陷之后,本研究提供了一个全新的视角。研究探讨了数字技术、远程供应商关系管理以及数据安全在供应链安全中日益上升的重要性。详细的供应合同分析和供应商多样化也至关重要。在此背景下,健康、安全和运营连续性受到重视,有效的员工管理对于解决现代问题至关重要。本研究将理论基础与实证调查相结合,对数字集成和供应链复原力进行了研究。它建议摩洛哥企业加强防御,抵御可能发生的攻击。数字化转型和战略措施可帮助企业在当今多变的商业环境中生存和发展,同时保持稳定的供应链。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES ON ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIALIZATION TO INCREASE THE WORK EFFECTIVENESS OF NUMUT REPRESENTATIVE FINANCIAL AND DEVELOPMENT SUPERVISION AGENCY (BPKP) EMPLOYEES 开发环境社会化方面的人力资源,提高努美阿代表处金融与发展监督机构(BPKP)员工的工作效率
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i01.011
Vivian Evelina Motinggo, Melinda Siregar, Andriani Rosa Nara Sitorus, Jery Marcelino Joshua Siahaan, Hasrita Lubis
The point of the examination is to decide the consequences of the investigation of human asset advancement on representative work viability at the North Sumatra delegate BPKB and the investigation of ecological socialization on worker work adequacy. In this exploration, the number of examination subjects was 50. By utilizing the Sturges equation, the quantity of classes acquired is 6.6. After that, the number is rounded to seven age groups. According to the findings of a survey that was conducted among 50 employees of the North Sumatra Representative Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP), the majority of respondents (69 percent) were S-1 graduates, followed by D3 graduates. 12 respondents (24 percent), 3 respondents (6 percent) with master's degrees, and 1 respondent (2 percent) with high school degrees. In view of respondents' reactions to human asset improvement things, it is known that things 1 to 3 got scores somewhere in the range of 195 and 202. The typical worth was 3.91 to 4.04, with a TCR worth of 78.0 to 80.8. The TCR esteem is the value used to determine the respondent's degree of accomplishment. As a result, the respondent's performance on items 1 through 3 can be considered satisfactory (B). This classification shows that the respondent has addressed the inquiry accurately and as per the predefined models. It is additionally known that things 4 to 10 got scores somewhere in the range of 217 and 223.
该研究的目的是确定北苏门答腊代表BPKB的人力资产提升对代表工作可行性的影响,以及生态社会化对工人工作适当性的影响。本次调查的受试者人数为 50 人。根据斯特吉斯方程,获得的班级数量为 6.6 个。之后,该数字被四舍五入为 7 个年龄组。根据对北苏门答腊代表金融与发展监督局(BPKP)50 名员工的调查结果,大多数受访者(69%)是 S-1 级毕业生,其次是 D3 级毕业生。12 名受访者(24%)、3 名受访者(6%)拥有硕士学位,1 名受访者(2%)拥有高中学位。从受访者对人力资产改良事情的反应来看,据相识,事情1至3的得分介于195分和202分之间。典型值为 3.91 至 4.04,TCR 值为 78.0 至 80.8。TCR 自尊值用于确定受访者的成就程度。因此,受访者在项目 1 至 3 上的表现可被视为满意(B)。这一分类表明受访者按照预定的模式准确地回答了问题。此外,第 4 至第 10 项的得分介于 217 分和 223 分之间。
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引用次数: 0
Juridical Review of Investor Protection in Insider Trading Regulations in the Indonesian Capital Market 印度尼西亚资本市场内幕交易法规中的投资者保护司法审查
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.47760/cognizance.2024.v04i01.006
Amos Herlambang, Marihot Janpieter Hutajulu
This article will discuss the protection of investors in the event of insider trading committed by persons who do not have a fiduciary duty relationship with the issuer. The crime of insider trading is difficult to prove and the perpetrator of the crime can be released from the law, which is a person outside of fiduciary duty. Therefore, the author examines the juridical review of investor protection in the event of insider trading whose perpetrators are people outside of fiduciary duty in the capital market using a legislative and conceptual approach. The findings of this research are that in order for the perpetrators outside the fiduciary duty to be sanctioned, capital market regulation in Indonesia must embrace misappropriation theory. As well as the responsibility in order to protect investors is an individual responsibility, where the responsibility is explained in Article 104 of the capital market law.
本文将讨论在与发行人不存在受托责任关系的人进行内幕交易的情况下对投资者的保护。内幕交易罪举证困难,且行为人可以从法律中解脱出来,是信托责任关系之外的人。因此,作者采用立法和概念的方法,对资本市场中行为人为受托责任以外的人的内幕交易情况下的投资者保护进行了司法审查。本研究的结论是,为了使信托责任之外的行为人受到制裁,印度尼西亚的资本市场监管必须接受挪用理论。此外,保护投资者的责任是个人责任,资本市场法第 104 条对该责任进行了解释。
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引用次数: 0
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Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies
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