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FORMAL AND SEMANTIC MODIFICATIONS OF RUSSIAN BORROWINGS AS MATERIAL FOR FORMING COMPLEX LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE 俄语借词的形式和语义修饰作为形成复杂语言能力的材料
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-581-591
M. Avdonina, N. Zhabo
The purpose of the study is the use of Russian borrowings in French as a material for intercultural communication skills formation. Research objectives: to find Russian borrowings in mass-media and informal Internet communication of 20162019; to analyze formal features and identify semantic changes in Russian borrowings in French; to develop assignments for seminars in theoretical disciplines at a language university and for classes in theory and practice of translation for non-linguistic universities, as well as for extracurricular work. Material: the Russian borrowings that function independently of the context of Russian culture. Results: The obtained data allow us to consider about 150 Russian words in French expressing the communicants' own thoughts when communicating on topics not related to Russian culture over the past four years. French words formed with Russian elements, but nonexistent in Russian have also been discovered: bérézina, cacatov, russkoff, pavlova, salade russe, le syndrome tolstoïevsky, tchernobyliser. Several dozen of them were included in the assignments: terms of science and art: constructivisme, cosmonaute, dubnium, jarovisation, liman, Functional aspects of intercultural communication. Translation and interpreting issues. Proceedings. 2019. Volume 6 582 mendélévium, pavlovien, permien, podzol, polynie, printanisation, solonetz, solonchak, spoutnik, steppe, Art steppique, tchernozem, tokamak, taïga, toundra, vernalisation; names of animals: barzoï, beluga, kolinski, mammouth, morse, samoyède, zibeline; names of dishes and drinks: blinis, bortsch, kacha, koulibiac, koumys, malossol, pirojki, sterlet, vodka, zakouski; common words: niet, kalachnikov, kopeck, bistro, cocktail Molotov, astrakan, appatchik, moujik, salade russe, troïka. For example: Explain the etymological doublet concept (take zibeline and sable as an example); Consider modifications to the toy designation: “Matriochka babouchka, poupées gigognes en bois. Ensemble de Noël de 3 poupées de nidage Matryoshka Dolls”. For the translation course, types of creative assignments on reverse translation have been developed as well as extracurricular search for interpretation of Russian borrowings: round tables, events (Translator's Day), video projects (for example, a video with a survey of young French people about the meaning of the word bérézina). Findings: The use of Russian borrowings as a material for mastering the linguistics theoretical concepts causes emotional acceptance and genuine interest of students due to the impression of familiarity which contributes to the formation of intercultural competence and comprehensive linguistic competence.
本研究的目的是利用法语中的俄语借词作为跨文化交际技能形成的材料。研究目标:寻找2016 - 2019年大众媒体和非正式互联网传播中的俄语借用;分析俄语借词在法语中的形式特征和语义变化;为语言大学的理论学科研讨会和非语言大学的翻译理论与实践课程以及课外工作制定作业。材料:独立于俄罗斯文化背景的俄罗斯借用。结果:所获得的数据可以让我们考虑到近四年来交际者在与俄罗斯文化无关的话题上表达自己想法的150个法语俄语单词。由俄语元素构成,但在俄语中不存在的法语单词也被发现了:b, caatov, russkoff, pavlova, salade russe, le syndrome tolstoïevsky, tchernoliser。其中有几十个被包括在作业中:科学和艺术的术语:建构主义、宇宙、铋、jarovisation、liman、跨文化交流的功能方面。翻译和口译问题。诉讼。2019。第6582卷:孟氏宇航,巴甫洛夫,永冻土,灰泥,波利尼,印刷化,索罗涅茨,索罗涅茨,斯普特尼克,草原,艺术草原,tchernozem,托卡马克,taïga, toundra,春化;动物的名字:barzoï,白鲸,kolinski,长毛象,莫尔斯,samoy, zibeline;菜肴和饮料的名称:blinis, bortsch, kacha, koulibiac, koumys, malossol, pirojki, sterlet, vodka, zakouski;常用词:涅特、卡拉奇尼科夫、戈比克、小酒馆、鸡尾酒莫洛托夫、阿斯特拉坎、阿帕切克、穆吉克、俄罗斯沙拉、troïka。举例:解释词源上的双重概念(以zibeline和sable为例);考虑修改玩具的名称:“Matriochka babouchka, poup gigognes en bois”。Noël“3个俄罗斯套娃组合”。在翻译课程中,我们开发了各种关于反向翻译的创造性作业,以及课外搜索俄语借词的解释:圆桌会议、活动(译者日)、视频项目(例如,一段调查法国年轻人关于b )的视频。研究发现:利用俄语借词作为掌握语言学理论概念的材料,由于熟悉的印象,使学生产生情感上的接受和真正的兴趣,从而有助于跨文化能力和综合语言能力的形成。
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引用次数: 0
A HOLISTIC MODEL OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION THEORY 二语习得理论的整体模型
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-58-65
E. Orlova
. SLA is a broad multilateral realm of theoretical and applied projections. The discipline being topical for the world community, its coterminous issues are rather summarily thrown together, but actually spread out or split up of the field originally meant as a more concentrated and closely knit nucleus. The research mainstream branches out into numerous aspects of language acquisition, most of which are ‘cross-sectional’. The heterology of research approaches hinders the progress towards the development of a well-balanced unified SLA theory relied on the basics inherent in science at large. Although the idea sounds like a utopian goal so far, a number of steps could be taken for SLA integrity to get closer and ultimately to transpire. A holistic theoretical model of SLA requires that its modules be represented on the basis of the same property, or radix. In the model developed, the radix is identified as a minimal predicative unit formed. The unit takes shape in the process of predication which can be referred to as the act of joining initially independent objects of thought expressed by self-determining words - predicate and argument - in order to convey any idea. Predication is a most important function of language cognition due to which the real and individualized worlds converge in the learner’s mind. Hence predication is not just a common fundamental of language, social intercourse and individual inner thought activity but actually a medium creating the environment in which all three spheres mentioned function cohesively. The SLA Universal Invariant-Based Binary Predication Theory is identified in terms of its domain, content and procedural phenomena, principles, rules and regularities, binary opposition logic and idealized object. The latter can be represented as a complex intellectual whole since the aggregate of the three values determines a vision of a higher order independent of the particular learning conditions. The interdependence of three values (language, communication, verbal thought) transpires in accordance with the duality (binary) principle which manifests itself in that each value is a permanent symmetrical counterpart of SLA basic concepts and statements.
。SLA是一个广泛的多边领域的理论和应用预测。这门学科是国际社会的主题,它的相关问题相当草率地扔在一起,但实际上是分散或分裂的领域,最初的意思是作为一个更集中和紧密结合的核心。主流研究分支到语言习得的许多方面,其中大多数是“横截面”的。研究方法的异质性阻碍了基于科学固有基础的均衡统一的SLA理论的发展。尽管到目前为止,这个想法听起来像是一个乌托邦式的目标,但可以采取许多步骤来实现SLA完整性,并最终实现它。SLA的整体理论模型要求其模块基于相同的属性或基数来表示。在所开发的模型中,基数被确定为形成的最小谓词单位。单位是在谓词过程中形成的,谓词过程可以被称为将最初独立的思想对象连接起来的行为,这些思想对象由自定的词——谓词和论证——来表达任何思想。预测是语言认知的一项重要功能,它将学习者的真实世界和个性化世界融合在一起。因此,预测不仅是语言、社会交往和个人内心思维活动的共同基础,而且实际上是创造环境的媒介,在这种环境中,上述三个领域都能紧密地发挥作用。从领域、内容和程序现象、原则、规则和规律、二元对立逻辑和理想化对象等方面对基于SLA普遍不变量的二元预测理论进行了界定。后者可以被表示为一个复杂的智力整体,因为这三种价值观的总和决定了一个独立于特定学习条件的更高层次的愿景。三种价值观(语言、交际、言语思维)的相互依存关系遵循二元原则,表现为每一种价值观都是二语习得基本概念和语句的永久对称对应物。
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引用次数: 0
THE INTEGRATIVE APPROACH IN ENGLISH TEACHING ON THE BASE OF DRAMA IN THE MULTIPROFILE TV STUDIO 基于多人物电视演播室戏剧的英语教学整合方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-199-208
M. Petrova, A. S. Martynova
Comprehensive student training is an urgent problem at the present stage of society's development. It consists of successive phases of qualification growth and provides for a multivariate result, the development and formation of a morally mature personality, capable of actively participating in social life. The principal element in such training is humanitarian, which allows forming a free character with independent creative thinking and the ability to continuous self-improvement. Integration is one of the promising methodological directions of the new education. The process of teaching a foreign language at a university has unique requirements. Their practical implementation is possible in the context of the interconnectedness of teaching all types of speech activity, the active inclusion of humanitarian, regional, and cultural aspects in the content of the training. The scientific problem of this work is that learning English causes difficulties for students. To improve the results and at the same time to interest students to learn foreign languages, we have developed a textbook to help teachers to the leading book. This Functional aspects of intercultural communication. Translation and interpreting issues. Proceedings. 2019. Volume 6 200 manual offers to introduce elements of theater and television in the classroom. This paper presents a method for two months for students of the first year of the Institute of Foreign Languages at RUDN University. Thanks to this technique, students get acquainted with the great works of English literature the paper presents "Canterville Ghost" and "The Picture of Dorian Gray" by Oscar Wilde. Elements of drama are closely intertwined with the study of vocabulary and grammar, and thanks to work with the video, communication, visualization, and speaking skills are honed. The students acquire a language in the conditions of the multi-functional TV studio. The goal of this technique is not to completely change the approach to learning, but to interest students, help them cope with psychological difficulties and engage in a social environment. We know that a first-year student often manifests these problems due to the change of the usual course of things, such as school. Teachers from the regions of the Far East began to use this tutorial to work with students. Videos that were created by students in the course of the work will now be included in the educational and methodical complex for Junior courses.
学生的全面培养是当前社会发展阶段迫切需要解决的问题。它由资格成长的连续阶段组成,并提供多元结果,即道德成熟人格的发展和形成,能够积极参与社会生活。这种训练的主要元素是人道主义,它允许形成具有独立创造性思维的自由性格和不断自我完善的能力。整合是新教育方法论的发展方向之一。大学的外语教学过程有其独特的要求。在教学所有类型的言语活动的相互联系的背景下,在培训内容中积极纳入人道主义、区域和文化方面,它们的实际实施是可能的。这项工作的科学问题是学习英语给学生带来了困难。为了提高教学效果,同时激发学生学习外语的兴趣,我们开发了一套教材,帮助老师们学习外语。这是跨文化交际的功能方面。翻译和口译问题。诉讼。2019。第6卷200手册提供了在课堂上介绍戏剧和电视的元素。本文介绍了一种适用于人民人民大学外国语学院一年级学生的为期两个月的学习方法。由于这种方法,学生们熟悉了英国文学的伟大作品,论文中介绍了奥斯卡·王尔德的《坎特维尔幽灵》和《道林·格雷的画像》。戏剧的元素与词汇和语法的学习紧密地交织在一起,并且由于与视频的合作,沟通,可视化和口语技能得到了磨练。学生在多功能电视演播室的条件下习得一门语言。这种方法的目的不是完全改变学习方法,而是激发学生的兴趣,帮助他们应对心理困难,融入社会环境。我们知道,一年级的学生经常表现出这些问题,因为通常的事情的变化,比如学校。来自远东地区的教师开始使用这个教程来指导学生。学生在工作过程中制作的视频现在将包括在初级课程的教育和系统综合体中。
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引用次数: 0
ABOUT DIALECT PECULIARITIES OF THE MEXICAN TERRITORIAL DIALECT OF THE SPANISH LANGUAGEOF THE STATES OF CAMPECE, YUKATAN AND KINTANA-ROO 关于坎普斯、尤卡坦和金塔纳-罗州西班牙语的墨西哥领土方言的方言特点
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-546-553
Vladimir Shakhnazaryan
The main issues related to linguistic variability are discussed on the examples of the functioning of the Spanish language on the territory of the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula. It is very difficult to differentiate language as the process of linguistic changing. A lot of factors influence it, which are often independent from each other. In each Latin American country, the formation of local literary norms of the Spanish language was formed differently. The Spanish language of Mexico, in particular the states of Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo, is one of the unique linguistic formations because it is the place where the common Spanish basic and dialectical features are stable and that is why it organically coexists due to the distinctive features of the Mexican culture. The purpose of this research is the Spanish language in the states of the Mexican peninsula Yucatan (Campeche, Yucatan, QuintanaRoo), which sociolinguistic status we have defined as Mexican territorial dialect. The main methods used in writing this article were: the linguogeographical method, the method of analytical description of Functional aspects of intercultural communication. Translation and interpreting issues. Proceedings. 2019. Volume 6 547 linguistic facts, functional and comparative methods, a review of scientific literature, and the use of the Internet. The article presents the conclusions of leading Russian scientistsromanists such as V.S. Vinogradov (2005), who identified the Spanish interethnic form as the global existence of the Spanish language; N.M. Firsova (2000), who distinguished 4 forms of the existence of the Spanish language (national variant, territorial variant, territorial dialect, dialect); N.F. Mikheeva (2003), who elaborated a new direction in the world Romance philology – intervariant dialectology of the Spanish language. We have studied the research of famous foreign linguists J.M. Lope Blanch (1972) and Hugo Mejias (1980), which are devoted to the dialectology of the Spanish language in Mexico. It was J.M. Lope Blanch (1972), who considered the Yucatan Peninsula as an independent dialect zone in his study of the Spanish language of Mexico. Also, we have studied the main features of the functioning of the linguistic units of the Spanish language in the territory of three states of the peninsula. Phonetic features include the following: explosive compound [t] + [1]; loss of unstressed and even stressed vowels; a clear pronunciation of the final and interdental consonants; the letter / x / corresponds to several sounds: [s], [x], [ʃ]. Grammatical features associated with the Native American substrate are: suffix -eco; use of diminutive suffixes -ito / -ita, -illo / -illa; excessive use of posessive forms; the performance of Pretérito Indefinido. At the lexical level predominate ethnographic dialects: names of vegetables and fruits; phenomenas of flora and fauna.
以西班牙语在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛领土上的功能为例,讨论了与语言变异有关的主要问题。作为语言变化的过程,很难对语言进行区分。影响它的因素很多,这些因素往往是相互独立的。在每个拉丁美洲国家,西班牙语当地文学规范的形成是不同的。墨西哥的西班牙语,特别是坎佩切州,Yucatán和金塔纳罗奥州,是一种独特的语言形式,因为它是西班牙语共同的基本特征和辩证特征稳定的地方,这就是为什么它有机地共存,因为墨西哥文化的独特特征。本研究的目的是西班牙语在墨西哥半岛的尤卡坦州(坎佩切,尤卡坦,昆塔纳罗),其社会语言学地位我们已经定义为墨西哥领土方言。在写作这篇文章中使用的主要方法是:语言地理学方法,跨文化交际功能方面的分析描述方法。翻译和口译问题。诉讼。2019。卷6547语言事实,功能和比较方法,科学文献的回顾,和互联网的使用。文章介绍了俄罗斯著名科学家的结论,如V.S.维诺格拉多夫(2005),他将西班牙语的种族间形式确定为西班牙语的全球存在;N.M. Firsova(2000),他区分了西班牙语的四种存在形式(民族变体,地域变体,地域方言,方言);N.F. Mikheeva(2003)阐述了世界罗曼语文献学的一个新方向——西班牙语的变异间方言学。我们研究了国外著名语言学家J.M. Lope Blanch(1972)和Hugo Mejias(1980)对墨西哥西班牙语方言的研究。J.M. Lope Blanch(1972)在对墨西哥西班牙语的研究中,将尤卡坦半岛视为一个独立的方言区。此外,我们还研究了西班牙语的语言单位在半岛三个州的领土上的主要功能。语音特征包括:爆炸性化合物[t] + [1];略去非重读元音和甚至重读元音;发音:尾音和齿间辅音的清晰发音;字母/ x /对应几个音:[s], [x], [j]。与美洲原住民基质相关的语法特征有:后缀-eco;使用小后缀-ito / -ita, -illo / -illa;所有格形式的过度使用;prezrito indefinite的表现。在词汇层面占主导地位的民族志方言:蔬菜和水果的名称;动植物现象。
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引用次数: 0
PRINCIPLE OF ACTIVE COMMUNICATIVENESS IN TEACHING FOREIGNERS THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE 外语教学中的主动交际原则
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-249-261
Yelena V. Chjen
In the modern teaching methodology, the concept of communicativeness appeared as applied to the practice of studying the Russian language by foreigners. Besides, communicativeness supposes the use of the language being studied from the very initial stages of training in natural interaction purposes and functions or as close as possible to them. Teaching foreigners the Russian language, even in the absence of a Russian language environment, is understood as teaching speech, communication and expression of thought. In the practice of teaching a second language, the educational principle of active communicativeness has developed and it is aimed at establishing direct associative connections, inclusion of students in that “linguistic picture of the world” that is characteristic of native speakers of the studied language, the possible elimination of “mediations” with the native language, and the search for “curtailment” of interlingua code transitions in students' internal speech. It is emphasized in the works of modern psychologists that positive results in learning can be achieved only when the students have an internal urge to learn, clarity in understanding the common goals of learning. The stronger the motive, the greater the need for Functional aspects of intercultural communication. Translation and interpreting issues. Proceedings. 2019. Volume 6 250 speech activity it evokes. The student’s activity and his or her ability to creative actions will depend on the strength of motives. In recent years, there has appeared willingness for a deep study of the goals and motives of learning, which, in turn, has given a fundamental turn to didactics to the personality of the student, the level of his or her claims. The process of mastering the language should be the understanding of living foreign language reality. It requires that language forms and structures be studied in the situations in which they are naturally used by those for whom the language is native. To understand the language an extra linguistic element is required, awareness of the real situation with which this statement relates (Mitrofanova O.D., 1985: 89). As the main conclusions, the following propositions were put forward: 1. One of the pedagogical conditions conducive to the effective formation of the communicative competence of students is the “organization of the process of forming the communicative competence of students” (Vatyutnev M.N., 1988: 37). 2. The second language acquisition is complicated by the fact that in the process of its use the character of reflection of social relations and the expression of categorical features, characteristics of the nomination change. 3. The communicative methodology must be based in a balanced manner on all communications without the help of the mother tongue.
在现代教学方法论中,交际性的概念是在外国人学习俄语的实践中出现的。此外,交际性假设被研究语言的使用从训练的最初阶段开始,就以自然的互动目的和功能或尽可能接近它们。教授外国人俄语,即使在没有俄语环境的情况下,也被理解为教授语言、交流和表达思想。在第二语言教学实践中,积极交际的教育原则得到了发展,其目的是建立直接的联想联系,将学生纳入所学习语言的母语使用者所特有的“世界语言图景”中,尽可能消除与母语的“中介”,并在学生的内部言语中寻找语际代码转换的“缩减”。现代心理学家的著作强调,只有当学生有内在的学习冲动,对共同的学习目标有清晰的认识时,才能取得积极的学习效果。动机越强,对跨文化交际功能方面的需求就越大。翻译和口译问题。诉讼。2019。第6卷250它唤起的言语活动。学生的活动和他或她创造性行动的能力将取决于动机的强度。近年来,出现了对学习的目标和动机进行深入研究的意愿,这反过来又给学生的个性,他或她的要求水平的教学带来了根本性的转变。掌握语言的过程应该是对外语生活现实的了解。它要求语言形式和结构的研究要放在母语使用者自然使用的情境中进行。为了理解语言,需要额外的语言元素,即意识到与此语句相关的真实情况(Mitrofanova o.d., 1985: 89)。作为研究的主要结论,本文提出了以下几点观点:1。有利于学生交际能力有效形成的教学条件之一是“对学生交际能力形成过程的组织”(Vatyutnev m.n., 1988: 37)。2. 二语习得的复杂性在于其在使用过程中反映社会关系的特征和表达范畴特征、指称特征的变化。3.交际方法必须以一种平衡的方式建立在没有母语帮助的所有交际基础上。
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引用次数: 0
TRASIANKA AND SURCHIK AS PHENOMENA OF CROSS-LIGUAL INTERFERENCE 跨语言干扰的Trasianka和surchik现象
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-273-283
A. Barkovich
. Cross-lingual interference in the East Slavic spatiality is a little-studied process characterized by contradictory scientific reflection and has a significant impact on speech identity, in particular, in Belarus and Ukraine. The Russian language is dominant in speech practice here. This situation gives rise to an active and influential process, the attributes of which are «trasianka» and «surzhik», respectively. The common constitutive matrix in this regard is the culturelectual variability of the involved languages. stylistically. However, all of them would be inherent in either Russian or Belarusian. This proves that trasianka as well as surzhik are not the embodiments of a certain new language, possessing a special authenticity or identity, but are definitely the forms of speech characterized by signs of both «сreole» and «pidgin», in particular. Trasianka is a special type of language production, stable speech stereotype, reflecting the mutual systemic interference of the Russian and Belarusian languages. In the same way, surzhik reflects the mutual systemic interference of the Russian and Ukrainian languages. In this description, the significance of cross-lingual interference in the East Slavic spatiality was verified as a permanent and complicated process. Objective and subjective criteria of relevant scientific reflection on the background and by means of discursive paradigm were discussed. The proposed conception can be the basis for a subsequent more detailed analysis.
. 东斯拉夫语空间性中的跨语干扰是一个研究较少的过程,其特征是相互矛盾的科学反思,并对言语认同产生重大影响,特别是在白俄罗斯和乌克兰。俄语在这里的演讲练习中占主导地位。这种情况产生了一个积极和有影响力的进程,其属性分别是“trasianka”和“surzhik”。在这方面,共同的构成矩阵是相关语言的文化差异。在文体上。然而,所有这些都是俄语或白俄罗斯语所固有的。这证明,特拉西安卡语和苏尔日克语并不是某种具有特殊真实性或身份的新语言的体现,而绝对是一种以“俄语”和“洋泾浜语”为特征的语言形式。特拉西安卡语是一种特殊的语言生产类型,稳定的言语刻板印象,反映了俄语和白俄罗斯语的相互系统干扰。同样,苏尔日克语反映了俄语和乌克兰语相互系统的干扰。在这一描述中,跨语言干扰在东斯拉夫空间性中的重要性被证实为一个永久而复杂的过程。本文以话语范式为背景,讨论了相关科学反思的客观标准和主观标准。提出的概念可以作为后续更详细分析的基础。
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引用次数: 0
CONTEXTUAL ANALYISIS OF «ENJOY» FOR TRANSLATION PURPOSES IN CROSS-CULTURAL QUALITY OF LIFE STUDIES 跨文化生活质量研究中“享受”翻译的语境分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-519-526
Svetlana V. Kudrya, V. A. Lyzhina
. The study aims at demonstrating the benefits of contextual analysis for translation practice in the life sciences, in particular, in the quality of life studies. The ongoing globalization of the life sciences is a source of persistent challenges for translators. Life science researchers are incessantly coming up with new uses of language in their linguistic tools for data collection such as scripts for structured interviews, disease-specific and quality of life questionnaires. Since the majority of linguistic tools for cross-cultural life science research are developed in English, the most common, everyday English words denoting emotional and bodily experiences are acquiring the status of terms in this academic field. Translators cannot rely on the conventional practice, whereby such words as “happy”, “content”, “enjoy”, “satisfied” are translated based on the context by means of translation transformations. In life science linguistic tools, these words are supposed to be translated in isolation from the context, like terms. This new terminological status of everyday English words makes high demands on translators’ understanding of these words as integrated units of the lexical system of the source language (English). Due to fragmented presentation of lexical meanings, dictionaries do not provide adequate information for the needs of translation of linguistic tools. In contrast, our contextual analysis makes an attempt to treat each word as a semantic whole, which unveils the semantic aspects crucial for the purposes and values of the life sciences. To illustrate the potential of contextual analysis as an important stage of translation process in the life sciences, we consider the functioning of the word “to enjoy” in quality of life questionnaires, review the existing translations of this word, and show how a contextual analysis of this word helps to establish a semantic base for new, more adequate translation solutions, which ultimately helps to enhance intercultural academic communication. The findings presented in this paper are the result of our analysis of 350 samples of use of the word “enjoy” from the British National Corpus, and some results of the previous studies in the field conducted by one of the authors.
. 本研究旨在证明语境分析对生命科学翻译实践的好处,特别是在生命质量研究方面。生命科学的持续全球化给翻译工作者带来了持续的挑战。生命科学研究人员在数据收集的语言工具中不断提出语言的新用途,例如结构化访谈的脚本,特定疾病和生活质量问卷。由于跨文化生命科学研究的大多数语言工具都是用英语开发的,因此表示情感和身体体验的最常见的日常英语单词正在获得这一学术领域术语的地位。译者不能依靠传统的做法,将“happy”、“content”、“enjoy”、“satisfied”等词根据语境进行翻译,采用翻译转换的方法。在生命科学语言工具中,这些词应该与上下文分开翻译,就像术语一样。日常英语词汇的这种新的术语地位对译者将这些词汇作为源语(英语)词汇系统的组成部分进行理解提出了很高的要求。由于词典对词汇意义的表达是碎片化的,词典不能提供足够的信息来满足语言工具翻译的需要。相比之下,我们的上下文分析试图将每个词视为一个语义整体,这揭示了对生命科学的目的和价值至关重要的语义方面。为了说明语境分析在生命科学翻译过程中作为一个重要阶段的潜力,我们考察了“享受”一词在生活质量问卷中的作用,回顾了该词的现有翻译,并说明语境分析如何有助于建立新的、更充分的翻译解决方案的语义基础,从而最终有助于加强跨文化学术交流。本文的研究结果是我们对英国国家语料库中“enjoy”一词的350个使用样本的分析结果,以及其中一位作者之前在该领域进行的一些研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
THE LATIN LANGUAGE IS A SOURCE OF ACADEMIC TERMINOLOGY IN EDUCATION 拉丁语是教育领域学术术语的来源
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-220-237
Nassikhat A. Utemgaliyeva, S. Bektemirova
This article is devoted to the academic terms derived from the Latin language. All the academic terms analyzed in this article are taken from the Academic Policy of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University approved at the meeting of Scientific and Methodological Council of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University on December 26, 2013, Protocol No.3 (as amended on August 29, 2014, Protocol No.1). The aim of this article is to analyze the academic terms of Latin origin. Consequently, the objectives of the article are to define the role of the Latin language in the formation of academic terms; to provide basic information about academic terms at universities; to find the definitions of academic terms derived from the Latin language in etymological dictionaries; to give the present definitions of academic terms in lexicographic works and Academic Policy of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. To analyze the academic terms in this article such dictionaries as Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners, The Concise Dictionary of English Etymology (The pioneering work on the roots and origins of the language), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English, The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology were used. The whole number of analyzed Functional aspects of intercultural communication. Translation and interpreting issues. Proceedings. 2019. Volume 6 221 academic terms in this article is 51. All the academic terms are given in the table with the etymology of academic terms of Latin origin and the definitions of academic terms given in the Academic Policy of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and contemporary dictionaries. To achieve the aim and objectives set in this article such methods as selection, systematization, collection, analysis, and descriptive method were used. The theoretical base of this paper is the scientific works of Juan C. Sager, Alain Rey, M. Teresa Cabré, Zsuzsa Hoffmann, etc. and an introduction and bibliographical guide about Medieval Latin edited by F.A.C. Mantello and A.G. Rigg. The academic terminology that entered the education system of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a result of Bologna process is mainly from the English language. However, the research conducted with the help of etymological dictionaries showed that there are many academic terms derived from the Latin language.
这篇文章专门讨论源自拉丁语的学术术语。本文分析的所有学术术语均摘自2013年12月26日法拉比哈萨克国立大学科学与方法理事会会议通过的《法拉比哈萨克国立大学学术政策》第3号议定书(2014年8月29日第1号议定书修正)。本文的目的是分析源自拉丁语的学术术语。因此,本文的目的是定义拉丁语在学术术语形成中的作用;提供大学专业术语的基本信息;在词源词典中查找源自拉丁语的学术术语的定义;给出了目前法拉比哈萨克国立大学词典编纂著作中学术术语的定义和学术政策。为了分析本文中的学术术语,使用了《牛津高级现代英语词典》、《麦克米伦高级英语词典》、《简明英语词源词典》(关于语言根源和起源的开创性著作)、《简明牛津现代英语词典》、《牛津英语词源词典》等词典。分析跨文化交际的功能方面的总数。翻译和口译问题。诉讼。2019。第6卷221学术术语在这篇文章是51。所有的学术术语都在表格中给出了拉丁语起源的学术术语的词源,以及阿尔法拉比哈萨克国立大学学术政策和当代词典中给出的学术术语的定义。为了达到本文设定的目的和目标,采用了选择、系统化、收集、分析和描述等方法。本文的理论基础是Juan C. Sager、Alain Rey、M. Teresa cabr、Zsuzsa Hoffmann等人的科学著作,以及F.A.C. Mantello和A.G. Rigg编著的中世纪拉丁语导论和书目指南。作为博洛尼亚进程的结果,进入哈萨克斯坦共和国教育系统的学术术语主要来自英语。然而,在词源学词典的帮助下进行的研究表明,有许多学术术语来源于拉丁语。
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引用次数: 0
MICROLEARNING: A WAY TO STUDY ONLINE 微学习:一种在线学习方式
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-406-413
Elena E. Miloserdova, Nina G. Belyaeva
. The article examines the main concepts of microlearning, as one of the methods to improve the student's involvement in learning, its advantages and disadvantages. The aim of foreign languages teaching should be developing communication skills. The introduction of new information and communication tools are currently undergoing change. This study analyses the development potential of the learner via microlearning. The learner's development allows him to develop as a student. The of this research is to analyse eLearning teaching methods using gadgets and online resources. The microlearning takes into account the clip mentality (clip culture in English) acting as a filter against being overloaded with too much information; the authors of the article want to find an optimal combination of tasks. How can the quality of activities be improved by increasing the flow of information? Will the profound technological transformation change the way teachers approach the way they teach? The absence of the «context» is characteristic of the clip. Man does not analyse the previously collected information, which leads to the loss of semantic links between the phenomena that exist in the context. A person with a clip mentality perceives information in a fragmentary way, and is therefore not able to evaluate this information in relation to other information. Our practical experience shows that there is a clear influence of the use of microlearning on learning activities. Translation sites, online translators offer the possibility to study the use of the word in context. The resources used in the classroom make it possible to listen to the pronunciation of the word in British English or American English (http://wooordhunt.ru/word/collocation) or listen to the complete sentence with the necessary word (http://context.reverso.net). Microlearning can be used as a source of access to a new level of foreign language proficiency.
. 本文考察了微学习的主要概念,作为提高学生学习参与性的方法之一,微学习的优点和缺点。外语教学的目的应该是培养学生的交际能力。引进新的信息和通讯工具目前正在发生变化。本研究分析了微学习对学习者发展潜力的影响。学习者的发展使他作为一个学生得以发展。本研究的目的是分析利用电子工具和在线资源的电子学习教学方法。微学习考虑到剪辑心态(英语中的剪辑文化)作为过滤器,防止信息过载;这篇文章的作者希望找到一个最优的任务组合。如何通过增加信息流动来提高活动的质量?深刻的技术变革会改变教师的教学方式吗?没有“上下文”是这个片段的特点。人类不分析先前收集的信息,这导致了上下文中存在的现象之间语义联系的丧失。一个有剪辑心态的人以一种零碎的方式感知信息,因此无法将这一信息与其他信息联系起来进行评估。我们的实践经验表明,使用微学习对学习活动有明显的影响。翻译网站、在线翻译提供了在上下文中研究单词用法的可能性。课堂上使用的资源可以让你听英式英语或美式英语中单词的发音(http://wooordhunt.ru/word/collocation),也可以听包含必要单词的完整句子(http://context.reverso.net)。微学习可以作为一种使外语水平达到新水平的途径。
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引用次数: 1
DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS IN ENGLISH WITH THE USE OF SOCIAL NET VKONTAKTE 通过使用社交网络vkontakte,培养创造性的英语写作技巧
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22363/2712-7974-2019-6-424-429
V. Skakunova
. Nowadays the process of globalization and informatization have had a great impact not only on the content of language teaching but also on the choice of the educational methods, technologies and techniques. As a result, the use of social nets in languages teaching seems to be relevant in meeting today’s students’ needs. Social nets can be effectively used not only while chatting in English, exchanging information or materials, but also while teaching creative writing skills with the use of all didactic and technological potential of this instrument. Moreover, the focus on creative writing skills boosts the students’ as well as teachers’ interest and motivation to integration this technology into the teaching process. One of our hypotheses is that nowadays the functions of social nets can be easily applied in different-level groups due to their simplicity in usage and the fact that nowadays practically everyone uses them in their personal and business aims. In the present research, step-by-step educational methodology helps students of B1+/B2 level (CEFR) to gain the needed aims in expressing and developing their creative potential and skills in writing. The author chose developing of writing skills since this is one of productive skills and provides students many advantages such as the necessary time to think over a topic, to reflect on it, to choose optimal media to illustrate visually the idea of the topic and so on. Moreover, it is possible to outline that the objectives prescribed in State Education Standards are also designed at developing student’s creative potential on all levels of education. As far as the target audience of the experiment is concerned, they are students of High School of Television, Lomonosov Moscow State University. In this way, their creativity should be expressed in everything related to creative approach to everything connected with online and printed media, advertisement, writing a script to the video. Finally, the results of the preliminary and final surveys show the need in such kind of activity and students’ productive works demonstrate their progress in creative writing skills.
. 当今时代,全球化和信息化的进程不仅对语言教学的内容产生了巨大的影响,而且对教学方法、技术和技巧的选择也产生了巨大的影响。因此,在语言教学中使用社交网络似乎与满足当今学生的需求有关。社交网络不仅可以有效地用于用英语聊天,交换信息或材料,而且还可以用于教授创造性写作技巧,利用这一工具的所有教学和技术潜力。此外,对创意写作技巧的关注提高了学生和教师将这项技术融入教学过程的兴趣和动力。我们的一个假设是,如今社交网络的功能可以很容易地应用于不同层次的群体,因为它们使用简单,而且现在几乎每个人都在个人和商业目标中使用它们。在本研究中,循序渐进的教学方法帮助B1+/B2水平(CEFR)的学生在表达和发展他们的创作潜力和写作技能方面获得所需的目标。作者选择了写作技能的发展,因为这是一种生产技能,为学生提供了许多优势,如必要的时间来思考一个主题,反思它,选择最佳的媒体来直观地说明主题的想法等等。此外,可以概括地说,国家教育标准规定的目标也是为了在各级教育中发展学生的创造潜力。实验的目标受众为莫斯科国立大学罗蒙诺索夫电视学院的学生。这样,他们的创造力应该表现在一切与创意方法有关的东西上,从网络和印刷媒体,广告,写剧本到视频。最后,初步调查和最终调查的结果表明了这种活动的必要性,学生们富有成效的作品表明了他们在创意写作技能方面的进步。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION. TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING ISSUES
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