Materials Today Physics最新文献_第6页

Advances in bionic vision research based on optoelectronic memristors: materials, device properties and systems 基于光电忆阻器的仿生视觉研究进展：材料、器件性能和系统

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.102000

Jinchang Meng, Ningqiang Shi, Tingwei Yan, Yang Wan, Ling Li

Optoelectronic Memristors (OMs) represent a significant hardware foundation for constructing artificial visual neural networks. As a novel class of integrated sensory-memory-computing devices, they hold great promise for overcoming the bottlenecks inherent in traditional von Neumann computing architectures. Leveraging desirable characteristics such as high bandwidth and low power consumption, OMs integrate optical sensing, information storage, and neuromorphic computing functionalities. This integration endows them with substantial potential for brain-inspired visual neural systems. This review summarizes recent progress in OMs, focusing on materials and physical mechanisms, performance metrics, and multi-mode in-sensor computing applications. The applications of oxides, two-dimensional materials, chalcogenides, and biomaterials in OMs are detailed, with corresponding operating mechanisms analyzed. Subsequently, the fundamental electrical properties and optoelectronic response characteristics of OMs are analyzed. Furthermore, synaptic plasticity in OMs is discussed, encompassing short-term/long-term plasticity learning rules and other neuromorphic functionalities emulation, based on their inherent neuromorphic properties. Additionally, applications of OMs in Boolean logic operations, artificial vision systems, and wearable neuromorphic devices are examined. Conclusively, the primary advantages, persistent challenges, and emerging research trajectories of OMs are synthesized. This analysis establishes foundational insights for advancing brain-inspired neural systems.

光电忆阻器是构建人工视觉神经网络的重要硬件基础。作为一种新型的集成感觉-记忆-计算设备，它们有望克服传统冯·诺依曼计算体系结构中固有的瓶颈。利用高带宽和低功耗等理想特性，OMs集成了光传感、信息存储和神经形态计算功能。这种整合使它们具有巨大的潜力来开发大脑启发的视觉神经系统。本文综述了OMs的最新进展，重点是材料和物理机制、性能指标和多模式传感器内计算应用。详细介绍了氧化物、二维材料、硫族化合物和生物材料在OMs中的应用，并分析了其作用机理。随后，分析了OMs的基本电学特性和光电响应特性。此外，本文还讨论了OMs的突触可塑性，包括短期/长期可塑性学习规则和其他基于其固有神经形态特性的神经形态功能模拟。此外，OMs在布尔逻辑运算、人工视觉系统和可穿戴神经形态设备中的应用也进行了研究。最后，综合了OMs的主要优势、持续挑战和新兴研究轨迹。这一分析为推进大脑启发的神经系统建立了基础见解。

{"title":"Advances in bionic vision research based on optoelectronic memristors: materials, device properties and systems","authors":"Jinchang Meng, Ningqiang Shi, Tingwei Yan, Yang Wan, Ling Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.102000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.102000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optoelectronic Memristors (OMs) represent a significant hardware foundation for constructing artificial visual neural networks. As a novel class of integrated sensory-memory-computing devices, they hold great promise for overcoming the bottlenecks inherent in traditional von Neumann computing architectures. Leveraging desirable characteristics such as high bandwidth and low power consumption, OMs integrate optical sensing, information storage, and neuromorphic computing functionalities. This integration endows them with substantial potential for brain-inspired visual neural systems. This review summarizes recent progress in OMs, focusing on materials and physical mechanisms, performance metrics, and multi-mode in-sensor computing applications. The applications of oxides, two-dimensional materials, chalcogenides, and biomaterials in OMs are detailed, with corresponding operating mechanisms analyzed. Subsequently, the fundamental electrical properties and optoelectronic response characteristics of OMs are analyzed. Furthermore, synaptic plasticity in OMs is discussed, encompassing short-term/long-term plasticity learning rules and other neuromorphic functionalities emulation, based on their inherent neuromorphic properties. Additionally, applications of OMs in Boolean logic operations, artificial vision systems, and wearable neuromorphic devices are examined. Conclusively, the primary advantages, persistent challenges, and emerging research trajectories of OMs are synthesized. This analysis establishes foundational insights for advancing brain-inspired neural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 102000"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SrFx/Mg stack as electron transport layer for dopant-free silicon heterojunction solar cells SrFx/Mg堆叠作为无掺杂硅异质结太阳能电池的电子传输层

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.102002

Wenhao Li , Yudi Wang , Chong Di , Jingwei Chen , Jingxin Chen , Biao Sun , Yang Ding , Zhiping Huang , Deyuan Wei , Ying Xu

Alkaline-earth metal fluorides are promising dopant-free interlayers for forming electron-selective contacts on crystalline silicon (c-Si). In this work, a 4 nm-thick ultrathin SrF_x film is deposited on n-type Czochralski (CZ) Si, and stacked with a 2 nm Mg metal layer to construct an electron transport layer (ETL), achieving favorable surface passivation and band alignment. The interfacial structure and chemical states are characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM/EDS), the results confirm a clean SrF_x/metal interface with a low work function of 2.82 eV, while the wide-bandgap characteristic of the fluoride is well-preserved after metal deposition. Electrical measurements via the transmission line method (TLM) demonstrate that the SrF_x-based contact achieves a low specific contact resistivity (ρ_c) as low as 17.7 mΩ cm². When integrated into n-type Si solar cells, the SrF_x/Mg rear tact suppresses carrier recombination and enhances electron extraction efficiency, yielding a short-circuit current density (J_sc) of 40.2 mA cm⁻² and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.8 %. This performance outperforms that of the pure metal reference cell, demonstrating the great potential of SrF_x as a robust electron-selective interlayer for high-performance dopant-free silicon solar cells.

碱土金属氟化物是在晶体硅（c-Si）上形成电子选择接触的有前途的无掺杂中间层。在这项工作中，在n型CZ (CZ) Si上沉积了4 nm厚的超薄SrFx薄膜，并与2 nm的Mg金属层堆叠在一起构建了电子传输层（ETL），实现了良好的表面钝化和能带对齐。采用x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、紫外光电子能谱（UPS）和透射电镜/能谱（TEM/EDS）对界面结构和化学状态进行了表征，结果表明SrFx/金属界面干净，功函数低，为2.82 eV，金属沉积后氟化物的宽带隙特性得到了很好的保留。通过传输线法（TLM）进行的电气测量表明，基于srfx的触点具有低的比接触电阻率（ρc），低至17.7 mΩ·cm2。当集成到n型硅太阳能电池中时，SrFx/Mg后部元件抑制载流子复合，提高电子提取效率，产生40.2 mA·cm-2的短路电流密度（Jsc）和20.8%的功率转换效率（PCE）。这一性能优于纯金属参考电池，表明SrFx作为高性能无掺杂硅太阳能电池的强大电子选择中间层的巨大潜力。

{"title":"SrFx/Mg stack as electron transport layer for dopant-free silicon heterojunction solar cells","authors":"Wenhao Li , Yudi Wang , Chong Di , Jingwei Chen , Jingxin Chen , Biao Sun , Yang Ding , Zhiping Huang , Deyuan Wei , Ying Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.102002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.102002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline-earth metal fluorides are promising dopant-free interlayers for forming electron-selective contacts on crystalline silicon (c-Si). In this work, a 4 nm-thick ultrathin SrF<sub>x</sub> film is deposited on n-type Czochralski (CZ) Si, and stacked with a 2 nm Mg metal layer to construct an electron transport layer (ETL), achieving favorable surface passivation and band alignment. The interfacial structure and chemical states are characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM/EDS), the results confirm a clean SrF<sub>x</sub>/metal interface with a low work function of 2.82 eV, while the wide-bandgap characteristic of the fluoride is well-preserved after metal deposition. Electrical measurements via the transmission line method (TLM) demonstrate that the SrF<sub>x</sub>-based contact achieves a low specific contact resistivity (ρ<sub>c</sub>) as low as 17.7 mΩ cm<sup>2</sup>. When integrated into n-type Si solar cells, the SrF<sub>x</sub>/Mg rear tact suppresses carrier recombination and enhances electron extraction efficiency, yielding a short-circuit current density (J<sub>sc</sub>) of 40.2 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.8 %. This performance outperforms that of the pure metal reference cell, demonstrating the great potential of SrF<sub>x</sub> as a robust electron-selective interlayer for high-performance dopant-free silicon solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 102002"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145813650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conductive nanocomposites as molecular modulators of hydration in thermoresponsive PNiPAAm-derivative hydrogels 导电纳米复合材料作为热响应性pnipaam衍生物水凝胶中的水化分子调节剂

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101998

David Naranjo , Sonia Lanzalaco , Ahammed H.M. Mohammed-Sadhakathullah , Núria Borras , José García-Torres , Juan Torras

Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm) and its derivatives are promising for advanced applications, including solar-driven water purification, due to their tunable volume phase transition (VPT) behavior. In this study, we investigate the effect of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles (NPs) on the VPT of three PNiPAAm derivatives: poly(N-n-propylacrylamide) (PNnPAAm), PNiPAAm, and poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNiPMAAm), with distinct hydrophobic side chains. Macrohydrogels were synthesized with and without PEDOT, and their thermal responsiveness was characterized using temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, which enabled differentiation between intermediate and free water. Incorporation of PEDOT systematically increased swelling ratios and pore sizes, with the most pronounced effects observed below the lower critical solution temperature, and promoted the formation of intermediate water strongly associated with the polymer network. Molecular dynamics simulations corroborated these observations, showing enhanced water–polymer interactions in the presence of PEDOT, while quantum mechanical calculations revealed stabilization of hydrogel–PEDOT complexes through weak polar interactions and increased electronic polarization, which reinforce hydrogen bonding and modulate the local electrostatic environment. These combined experimental and computational results provide a molecular-level understanding of how conductive polymers influence hydration structure and VPT thermodynamics, offering a framework for rationally designing smart hydrogels with tailored swelling, porosity, and water-binding properties for energy-efficient materials applications.

基于聚n -异丙基丙烯酰胺（PNiPAAm）及其衍生物的热响应性水凝胶由于其可调节的体积相变（VPT）行为，在太阳能驱动的水净化等高级应用中前景广阔。在这项研究中，我们研究了聚（3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩）（PEDOT）纳米粒子（NPs）对三种具有不同疏水侧链的PNiPAAm衍生物：聚（n- n-丙基丙烯酰胺）（PNnPAAm）， PNiPAAm和聚（n-异丙基甲基丙烯酰胺）（PNiPMAAm）的VPT的影响。合成了含PEDOT和不含PEDOT的大水凝胶，并使用温度相关拉曼光谱对其热响应性进行了表征，该光谱可以区分中间水和自由水。PEDOT的加入系统地增加了溶胀比和孔径，在较低的临界溶液温度以下观察到的效果最为明显，并促进了与聚合物网络密切相关的中间水的形成。分子动力学模拟证实了这些观察结果，表明在PEDOT存在下水-聚合物相互作用增强，而量子力学计算显示水凝胶- PEDOT配合物通过弱极性相互作用和增加的电子极化来稳定，从而加强氢键并调节局部静电环境。这些结合实验和计算的结果提供了对导电聚合物如何影响水化结构和VPT热力学的分子水平的理解，为合理设计具有量身定制的膨胀、孔隙和水结合性能的智能水凝胶提供了框架，用于节能材料的应用。

{"title":"Conductive nanocomposites as molecular modulators of hydration in thermoresponsive PNiPAAm-derivative hydrogels","authors":"David Naranjo , Sonia Lanzalaco , Ahammed H.M. Mohammed-Sadhakathullah , Núria Borras , José García-Torres , Juan Torras","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm) and its derivatives are promising for advanced applications, including solar-driven water purification, due to their tunable volume phase transition (VPT) behavior. In this study, we investigate the effect of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles (NPs) on the VPT of three PNiPAAm derivatives: poly(<em>N</em>-<em>n</em>-propylacrylamide) (PNnPAAm), PNiPAAm, and poly(<em>N</em>-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNiPMAAm), with distinct hydrophobic side chains. Macrohydrogels were synthesized with and without PEDOT, and their thermal responsiveness was characterized using temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, which enabled differentiation between intermediate and free water. Incorporation of PEDOT systematically increased swelling ratios and pore sizes, with the most pronounced effects observed below the lower critical solution temperature, and promoted the formation of intermediate water strongly associated with the polymer network. Molecular dynamics simulations corroborated these observations, showing enhanced water–polymer interactions in the presence of PEDOT, while quantum mechanical calculations revealed stabilization of hydrogel–PEDOT complexes through weak polar interactions and increased electronic polarization, which reinforce hydrogen bonding and modulate the local electrostatic environment. These combined experimental and computational results provide a molecular-level understanding of how conductive polymers influence hydration structure and VPT thermodynamics, offering a framework for rationally designing smart hydrogels with tailored swelling, porosity, and water-binding properties for energy-efficient materials applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101998"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probing atomic-scale origins of frequency-dependent phonon transport in aluminum gallium oxide ternary alloy films 铝镓氧化三元合金薄膜中频率相关声子输运的原子尺度起源探测

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101994

Xinglin Xiao , Rongkun Chen , Xiangyu Xu , Xiaolong Li , Guoliang Ma , Yali Mao , Yuan Li , Xing Hu , Haoyang Peng , Jianing Liang , Shujuan Liu , Kelvin H.L. Zhang , Shiqian Hu , Chao Yuan

β-(Al_xGa_1-x)₂O₃ (AGO) alloys offer transformative potential for high-power electronics, yet their thermal properties necessitate further research to enable electro-thermal co-design. Persistent challenges in accurately modeling atomic-scale disorder and in synthesizing compositionally graded AGO ternary alloy thin films fundamentally limit the mechanistic elucidation of alloy phonon transport through synergistic theory-experiment frameworks. By integrating neural evolution potential molecular dynamics with transient thermoreflectance experiments, we resolve the spectral phonon behaviors across million-atom disordered systems. Results reveal a two-regime thermal conductivity (TC) reduction: a sharp 43 % drop at x = 0–0.1 (7–4 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹) driven by suppressed low-frequency phonons (0–10 THz, 76 % loss), followed by a gradual 18 % decline at x = 0.1–0.5 (4–3.3 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹) via mid-frequency (10–15 THz) spectral compensation. Crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis reveals that the Al-O bond is strengthened and a reduction in atomic mass elevates the mid/high-frequency phonon density of states (PDOS), slowing TC degradation. The Virtual Crystal Approximation (VCA) simulation-based fitting to molecular dynamics results quantitatively resolves the dominance of strain-field scattering (>60 %) over mass-defect effects, a phenomenon driven by Al-induced bond-length mismatch and lattice symmetry breaking. This mechanism is experimentally corroborated by Raman spectral extinction of Ga₂O₃-characteristic phonon modes for x ≥ 0.1. Similarly, the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) of AGO/Al₂O₃ exhibits concentration-independent stability (<10 % variation for x > 0.1), resulting from PDOS redistribution-driven spectral coupling. This work provides atomic-scale insights into phonon engineering strategies for AGO-based power electronics, highlighting the critical role of frequency-resolved phonon manipulation in electro-thermal co-design.

β-(AlxGa1-x)2O3 （AGO）合金为大功率电子器件提供了变革潜力，但其热性能需要进一步研究以实现电热协同设计。在精确模拟原子尺度紊乱和合成成分梯度AGO三元合金薄膜方面持续存在的挑战从根本上限制了通过协同理论-实验框架对合金声子输运的机理解释。通过将神经进化势分子动力学与瞬态热反射实验相结合，研究了百万原子无序系统中声子的光谱行为。结果表明，在x = 0-0.1 （7 ~ 4 W·m-1·K-1）时，通过抑制低频声子（0 ~ 10太赫兹，损耗76%），热导率急剧下降43%；在x = 0.1-0.5 （4 ~ 3.3 W·m-1·K-1）时，通过中频（10 ~ 15太赫兹）频谱补偿，热导率逐渐下降18%。晶体轨道Hamilton居群分析表明，Al-O键得到加强，原子质量的降低提高了中/高频声子态密度（PDOS），减缓了TC的降解。基于虚拟晶体近似（VCA）模拟的分子动力学拟合结果定量地解决了应变场散射（> 60%）对质量缺陷效应的主导作用，这是由al诱导的键长失配和晶格对称性破坏驱动的现象。当x≥0.1时，ga2o3特征声子模式的拉曼光谱消光实验证实了这一机制。同样，由于PDOS再分布驱动的光谱耦合，AGO/Al2O3的热边界电导（TBC）表现出与浓度无关的稳定性（在x >； 0.1时变化<； 10%）。这项工作为基于ago的电力电子的声子工程策略提供了原子尺度的见解，突出了频率分辨声子操作在电热协同设计中的关键作用。

{"title":"Probing atomic-scale origins of frequency-dependent phonon transport in aluminum gallium oxide ternary alloy films","authors":"Xinglin Xiao , Rongkun Chen , Xiangyu Xu , Xiaolong Li , Guoliang Ma , Yali Mao , Yuan Li , Xing Hu , Haoyang Peng , Jianing Liang , Shujuan Liu , Kelvin H.L. Zhang , Shiqian Hu , Chao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-(Al<sub><em>x</em></sub>Ga<sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (AGO) alloys offer transformative potential for high-power electronics, yet their thermal properties necessitate further research to enable electro-thermal co-design. Persistent challenges in accurately modeling atomic-scale disorder and in synthesizing compositionally graded AGO ternary alloy thin films fundamentally limit the mechanistic elucidation of alloy phonon transport through synergistic theory-experiment frameworks. By integrating neural evolution potential molecular dynamics with transient thermoreflectance experiments, we resolve the spectral phonon behaviors across million-atom disordered systems. Results reveal a two-regime thermal conductivity (TC) reduction: a sharp 43 % drop at <em>x</em> = 0–0.1 (7–4 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>) driven by suppressed low-frequency phonons (0–10 THz, 76 % loss), followed by a gradual 18 % decline at <em>x</em> = 0.1–0.5 (4–3.3 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>) via mid-frequency (10–15 THz) spectral compensation. Crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis reveals that the Al-O bond is strengthened and a reduction in atomic mass elevates the mid/high-frequency phonon density of states (PDOS), slowing TC degradation. The Virtual Crystal Approximation (VCA) simulation-based fitting to molecular dynamics results quantitatively resolves the dominance of strain-field scattering (>60 %) over mass-defect effects, a phenomenon driven by Al-induced bond-length mismatch and lattice symmetry breaking. This mechanism is experimentally corroborated by Raman spectral extinction of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-characteristic phonon modes for <em>x</em> ≥ 0.1. Similarly, the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) of AGO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> exhibits concentration-independent stability (<10 % variation for <em>x</em> > 0.1), resulting from PDOS redistribution-driven spectral coupling. This work provides atomic-scale insights into phonon engineering strategies for AGO-based power electronics, highlighting the critical role of frequency-resolved phonon manipulation in electro-thermal co-design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101994"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of carbonization temperature on the photo-magnetic-thermal properties of cobalt-based metal organic framework-derived composite phase change materials: Experimental and molecular dynamics simulations 碳化温度对钴基金属有机骨架衍生复合相变材料光磁热性能的影响：实验和分子动力学模拟

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101996

Yue Liu , Minming Zou , Yan Ma , Wenjing Chen , Qinglin Li , Xiongxin Jiang , Xiaowu Hu

The carbonization temperature of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a critical factor in tailoring the structure and properties of derived porous carbons. This study systematically investigates the effect of carbonization temperature on the photo-magnetic-thermal performance of composite phase change materials (CPCMs) derived from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). Magnetic cobalt nanoparticle-embedded porous carbons (CZIF-X, where X represents the carbonization temperature, 700, 800, and 900 °C) were synthesized and incorporated into stearic acid (SA) to form SA/CZIF-X CPCMs. The results demonstrate that the elevated temperature enhances broadband solar absorption and magnetic responsiveness, leading to superior energy conversion and storage efficiency. The synergistic effect between the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of cobalt nanoparticles and the graphitic carbon network causes this enhancement. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that the optimized carbonization process reduces the interfacial thermal resistance between SA and the carbon matrix (CZIF-900) by 41.25 % (to 0.94 × 10⁻⁸ K m² W⁻¹) compared to the precursor (ZIF-67, 1.6 × 10⁻⁸ K m² W⁻¹), significantly facilitating phonon transport at the interface. This work, integrating experiment with simulation, provides fundamental insights into the temperature-dependent evolution of MOF-derived composites and establishes a design principle for developing efficient multi-modal, multi-physical field energy conversion and storage systems.

金属有机骨架（MOFs）的碳化温度是影响衍生多孔碳结构和性能的关键因素。本研究系统地研究了碳化温度对沸石咪唑酸骨架-67 （ZIF-67）复合相变材料（CPCMs）光磁热性能的影响。合成磁性钴纳米颗粒包埋多孔碳（CZIF-X，其中X代表碳化温度，700、800和900℃），并将其掺入硬脂酸（SA）中形成SA/CZIF-X cpcm。结果表明，升高的温度增强了宽带太阳能吸收和磁响应性，从而提高了能量转换和存储效率。钴纳米粒子的局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）与石墨碳网络之间的协同效应导致了这种增强。此外，分子动力学（MD）模拟表明，与前驱体（ZIF-67, 1.6 × 10−8 K m2 W−1）相比，优化的碳化过程使SA与碳基体（cif -900）之间的界面热阻降低了41.25% (0.94 × 10−8 K m2 W−1)，显著促进了界面上的声子输运。本研究将实验与模拟相结合，为mof衍生复合材料的温度依赖演化提供了基本见解，并为开发高效的多模态、多物理场能量转换和存储系统建立了设计原则。

{"title":"Effect of carbonization temperature on the photo-magnetic-thermal properties of cobalt-based metal organic framework-derived composite phase change materials: Experimental and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Yue Liu , Minming Zou , Yan Ma , Wenjing Chen , Qinglin Li , Xiongxin Jiang , Xiaowu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The carbonization temperature of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a critical factor in tailoring the structure and properties of derived porous carbons. This study systematically investigates the effect of carbonization temperature on the photo-magnetic-thermal performance of composite phase change materials (CPCMs) derived from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). Magnetic cobalt nanoparticle-embedded porous carbons (CZIF-X, where <em>X</em> represents the carbonization temperature, 700, 800, and 900 °C) were synthesized and incorporated into stearic acid (SA) to form SA/CZIF-X CPCMs. The results demonstrate that the elevated temperature enhances broadband solar absorption and magnetic responsiveness, leading to superior energy conversion and storage efficiency. The synergistic effect between the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of cobalt nanoparticles and the graphitic carbon network causes this enhancement. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that the optimized carbonization process reduces the interfacial thermal resistance between SA and the carbon matrix (CZIF-900) by 41.25 % (to 0.94 × 10<sup>−8</sup> K m<sup>2</sup> W<sup>−1</sup>) compared to the precursor (ZIF-67, 1.6 × 10<sup>−8</sup> K m<sup>2</sup> W<sup>−1</sup>), significantly facilitating phonon transport at the interface. This work, integrating experiment with simulation, provides fundamental insights into the temperature-dependent evolution of MOF-derived composites and establishes a design principle for developing efficient multi-modal, multi-physical field energy conversion and storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101996"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145813926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic dual-additive engineering for high-performance and air-stable CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells 高性能空气稳定CsPbBr3钙钛矿太阳能电池的协同双添加剂工程

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101993

Shaojie Zheng , Beili Pang , Yili Liu , Junyang Ma , Jianguang Feng , Hongzhou Dong , Liyan Yu , Lifeng Dong

In this study, a novel bifunctional additive strategy was developed to enhance the performance of fully inorganic CsPbBr₃ perovskite solar cells. Propylene glycol methyl ether (PM) was employed as a single additive, and a hybrid additive was formed by combining PM with methyl benzoate (MB). The power conversion efficiency increased from 5.77 % to 8.63 % with PM alone, and further to 9.57 % with the PM–MB hybrid. These additives reduce uncoordinated Pb²⁺ ions and passivate defects. Surface electrostatic potential calculations reveal that PM and MB contain functional groups with negative electrostatic potential, enabling them to anchor to the perovskite surface without inducing damage. Binding energy calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed a shift of Pb peaks to lower binding energies, indicating reduced uncoordinated Pb²⁺ ions and enhanced defect passivation, which promote grain growth. Additionally, the ether and ester groups in PM and MB facilitate the extraction of residual N, N- dimethylformamide (DMF). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the disappearance of DMF-related peaks after treatment, indicating effective solvent removal. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction further demonstrated enhanced grain size and orientation, reflecting reduced solvent-induced damage and improved film quality. As a result, unencapsulated devices retained over 90 % of their initial performance after 2500 h in air.

在这项研究中，开发了一种新的双功能添加剂策略来提高全无机CsPbBr3钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能。以丙二醇甲醚（PM）为单一添加剂，与苯甲酸甲酯（MB）复配形成杂化添加剂。单独使用PM时，功率转换效率从5.77%提高到8.63%，PM - mb混合使用时，功率转换效率进一步提高到9.57%。这些添加剂减少了不配合的Pb2+离子和钝化缺陷。表面静电势计算表明，PM和MB含有具有负静电势的官能团，使它们能够锚定在钙钛矿表面而不会引起损伤。结合能计算和x射线光电子能谱显示Pb峰向结合能较低的方向移动，表明非配位Pb2+离子减少，缺陷钝化增强，促进了晶粒的生长。此外，PM和MB中的醚和酯基团有助于提取残留的N， N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）。傅里叶变换红外光谱证实处理后dmf相关峰消失，表明溶剂去除有效。掠入射x射线衍射进一步证明了晶粒尺寸和取向的增强，反映了溶剂损伤的减少和薄膜质量的提高。因此，未封装的设备在空气中放置2500小时后保留了90%以上的初始性能。

{"title":"Synergistic dual-additive engineering for high-performance and air-stable CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells","authors":"Shaojie Zheng , Beili Pang , Yili Liu , Junyang Ma , Jianguang Feng , Hongzhou Dong , Liyan Yu , Lifeng Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel bifunctional additive strategy was developed to enhance the performance of fully inorganic CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> perovskite solar cells. Propylene glycol methyl ether (PM) was employed as a single additive, and a hybrid additive was formed by combining PM with methyl benzoate (MB). The power conversion efficiency increased from 5.77 % to 8.63 % with PM alone, and further to 9.57 % with the PM–MB hybrid. These additives reduce uncoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions and passivate defects. Surface electrostatic potential calculations reveal that PM and MB contain functional groups with negative electrostatic potential, enabling them to anchor to the perovskite surface without inducing damage. Binding energy calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed a shift of Pb peaks to lower binding energies, indicating reduced uncoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions and enhanced defect passivation, which promote grain growth. Additionally, the ether and ester groups in PM and MB facilitate the extraction of residual N, N- dimethylformamide (DMF). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the disappearance of DMF-related peaks after treatment, indicating effective solvent removal. Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction further demonstrated enhanced grain size and orientation, reflecting reduced solvent-induced damage and improved film quality. As a result, unencapsulated devices retained over 90 % of their initial performance after 2500 h in air.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101993"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probing phonon mean-free-path distribution via thickness-dependent thermal conductivity in epitaxial SrSnO3 利用厚度相关热导率探测外延SrSnO3声子平均自由程分布

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101991

Chi Zhang , Fengdeng Liu , Donghwan Kim , Xiaotian Xu , Silu Guo , Yankai Pei , K. Andre Mkhoyan , Tianli Feng , Bharat Jalan , Xiaojia Wang

We report the thickness-dependent thermal conductivity of ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) strontium stannate (SrSnO₃, SSO) thin films and reconstruct the phonon mean-free-path (MFP) distribution directly from experimental data. A series of SSO films with thicknesses ranging from 10 to 100 nm was grown using hybrid molecular beam epitaxy. The through-plane thermal conductivities (Λ_SSO) were measured with time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR), together with prior TDTR measurements of a 350-nm film. A pronounced thickness dependence is observed, where reducing the thickness from 350 nm to 100 nm and 10 nm suppresses Λ_SSO by ∼30% and 70%, respectively. Our analyses decompose Λ_SSO into particle-like (population) and wave-like (coherence) contributions based on the idea of Wigner transport formulation. Assuming a thickness-independent coherence contribution, we isolate the population contribution and reconstruct its phonon MFP distribution by adopting an integral MFP formalism. This approach enables direct determination of the MFP spectrum from experimental data of thickness-dependent Λ_SSO without relying on phonon dispersion calculations or scattering models. Excellent agreement in Λ_SSO between model calculation and experimental data is achieved, indicating that phonons with MFPs below 100 nm contribute over 80% of bulk thermal conductivity, with the full MFP spectrum converged at ∼170 nm. This approach provides an experimental pathway to study particle-like and wave-like thermal transport and serves as an example of reconstructing phonon MFP spectra in materials with strong lattice anharmonicity. These findings yield critical insights into structure-thermal property relationships and offer guidance for the design and optimization of UWBG perovskite-based electronic devices under nanoscale thermal constraints.

我们报道了超宽带隙（UWBG）锡酸锶（SrSnO3， SSO）薄膜的厚度相关热导率，并直接从实验数据重建声子平均自由程（MFP）分布。采用杂化分子束外延的方法，制备了厚度在10 ~ 100nm之间的单点硅薄膜。通过时域热反射（TDTR）测量了通过平面的热导率（ΛSSO），并结合先前对350nm薄膜的TDTR测量。观察到明显的厚度依赖性，其中将厚度从350 nm减少到100 nm和10 nm分别抑制ΛSSO约30%和70%。我们的分析将ΛSSO分解为基于Wigner输运公式思想的类粒子（种群）和类波（相干）贡献。假设相干贡献与厚度无关，我们分离种群贡献并采用积分MFP形式重建其声子MFP分布。这种方法可以从厚度相关ΛSSO的实验数据中直接确定MFP谱，而不依赖于声子色散计算或散射模型。在ΛSSO模型计算和实验数据之间取得了很好的一致性，表明MFP低于100 nm的声子贡献了80%以上的体热导率，整个MFP谱在~ 170 nm收敛。该方法为研究类粒子和类波热输运提供了一条实验途径，并为在具有强晶格非调和性的材料中重建声子MFP谱提供了一个例子。这些发现对结构-热性能关系产生了重要的见解，并为纳米级热约束下UWBG钙钛矿基电子器件的设计和优化提供了指导。

{"title":"Probing phonon mean-free-path distribution via thickness-dependent thermal conductivity in epitaxial SrSnO3","authors":"Chi Zhang , Fengdeng Liu , Donghwan Kim , Xiaotian Xu , Silu Guo , Yankai Pei , K. Andre Mkhoyan , Tianli Feng , Bharat Jalan , Xiaojia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the thickness-dependent thermal conductivity of ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) strontium stannate (SrSnO<sub>3</sub>, SSO) thin films and reconstruct the phonon mean-free-path (MFP) distribution directly from experimental data. A series of SSO films with thicknesses ranging from 10 to 100 nm was grown using hybrid molecular beam epitaxy. The through-plane thermal conductivities (Λ<sub>SSO</sub>) were measured with time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR), together with prior TDTR measurements of a 350-nm film. A pronounced thickness dependence is observed, where reducing the thickness from 350 nm to 100 nm and 10 nm suppresses Λ<sub>SSO</sub> by ∼30% and 70%, respectively. Our analyses decompose Λ<sub>SSO</sub> into particle-like (population) and wave-like (coherence) contributions based on the idea of Wigner transport formulation. Assuming a thickness-independent coherence contribution, we isolate the population contribution and reconstruct its phonon MFP distribution by adopting an integral MFP formalism. This approach enables direct determination of the MFP spectrum from experimental data of thickness-dependent Λ<sub>SSO</sub> without relying on phonon dispersion calculations or scattering models. Excellent agreement in Λ<sub>SSO</sub> between model calculation and experimental data is achieved, indicating that phonons with MFPs below 100 nm contribute over 80% of bulk thermal conductivity, with the full MFP spectrum converged at ∼170 nm. This approach provides an experimental pathway to study particle-like and wave-like thermal transport and serves as an example of reconstructing phonon MFP spectra in materials with strong lattice anharmonicity. These findings yield critical insights into structure-thermal property relationships and offer guidance for the design and optimization of UWBG perovskite-based electronic devices under nanoscale thermal constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101991"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Realization of defects evolution for boosting thermoelectric properties in Sb doped PbSe Sb掺杂PbSe中提高热电性能缺陷演化的实现

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101992

Yingfei Tang , Xili Wen , Huijuan Wu , Keke Liu , Yanwen Shan , Pierre Ferdinand Poudeu Poudeu , Vladimir Khovaylo , Zhiquan Chen , Qingjie Zhang , Xianli Su , Xinfeng Tang

Conventional doping approaches for enhancing thermoelectric performance typically rely on multi-element co-doping, which complicates both the fabrication process and the interpretation of underlying mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate that a single dopant, Sb, can effectively modulate the thermoelectric properties of PbSe through a concentration-dependent regulatory mechanism. Sb dopant at low concentrations (x ≤ 1.5 %) suppresses Pb vacancies in the structure which not only enhances doping efficiency but also maintains high carrier mobility at elevated carrier concentrations. All these significantly boost the electrical transport properties. In contrast, excess Sb induces additional Pb vacancies at higher concentration (x > 1.5 %), which reduce both carrier concentration and mobility. By suppressing the formation of Pb vacancy with low dose of Sb content, a significantly improved ZT_max value of ∼1.43 is attained at 785 K for Pb_0.997Sb_0.003Se sample, representing an approximately 2-fold improvement over the pristine PbSe (ZT_max ∼ 0.55).

提高热电性能的传统掺杂方法通常依赖于多元素共掺杂，这使得制备过程和潜在机制的解释都变得复杂。在这项研究中，我们证明了单一掺杂剂Sb可以通过浓度依赖的调节机制有效地调节PbSe的热电性质。低浓度Sb掺杂（x≤1.5%）抑制了结构中的Pb空位，不仅提高了掺杂效率，而且在高载流子浓度下保持了较高的载流子迁移率。所有这些都显著提高了电输运特性。相反，过量的Sb在较高浓度（x > 1.5%）下会引起额外的Pb空位，从而降低载流子浓度和迁移率。通过用低剂量Sb含量抑制Pb空位的形成，在785 K下，Pb0.997Sb0.003Se样品的ZT值显著提高到~ 1.43，比本征PbSe （ZT ~ 0.55）提高了约2倍。

{"title":"Realization of defects evolution for boosting thermoelectric properties in Sb doped PbSe","authors":"Yingfei Tang , Xili Wen , Huijuan Wu , Keke Liu , Yanwen Shan , Pierre Ferdinand Poudeu Poudeu , Vladimir Khovaylo , Zhiquan Chen , Qingjie Zhang , Xianli Su , Xinfeng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional doping approaches for enhancing thermoelectric performance typically rely on multi-element co-doping, which complicates both the fabrication process and the interpretation of underlying mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate that a single dopant, Sb, can effectively modulate the thermoelectric properties of PbSe through a concentration-dependent regulatory mechanism. Sb dopant at low concentrations (x ≤ 1.5 %) suppresses Pb vacancies in the structure which not only enhances doping efficiency but also maintains high carrier mobility at elevated carrier concentrations. All these significantly boost the electrical transport properties. In contrast, excess Sb induces additional Pb vacancies at higher concentration (x > 1.5 %), which reduce both carrier concentration and mobility. By suppressing the formation of Pb vacancy with low dose of Sb content, a significantly improved <em>ZT</em><em><sub>max</sub></em> value of ∼1.43 is attained at 785 K for Pb<sub>0.997</sub>Sb<sub>0.003</sub>Se sample, representing an approximately 2-fold improvement over the pristine PbSe (<em>ZT</em><em><sub>max</sub></em> ∼ 0.55).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101992"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skin-inspired soft bioelectronic epidermal sensing, implantable applications and system integrations 皮肤启发的软生物电子表皮传感，植入式应用和系统集成

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101988

Chao Wei, Kunwei Zheng

Bioelectronic sensors constructed from advanced polymeric and bio-synthetic materials emulate the mechanical softness and sensory functionality of human skin, enabling intimate and adaptive integration with biological tissues. Advances in the molecular tailoring of dielectric, conductive, and functional polymer composites, together with hybrid systems incorporating inorganic nonmetal components, have facilitated seamless integration with skin and living tissues. Despite substantial progress, the realization of stable, seamlessly connected, and biocompatible implantable bioelectronic sensors remains a major technological hurdle. This Review highlights emerging advances in soft bioelectronic sensors for both epidermal and implantable use, as well as recent developments in flexible electronic system platforms that enable in-depth exploration of physiological mechanisms and provide strategies to overcome fundamental barriers in biomedical applications. We first summarize advances in the development of skin-like soft sensors, with particular emphasis on innovations in epidermal soft bioelectronic sensing. Beneath the deformable epidermal layer, we highlight recent developments in implantable soft bioelectronic sensors that emulate the structural and mechanical characteristics of living tissues. Finally, we outline flexible electronic system platforms that enable seamless integration of soft and implantable bioelectronic sensors with biocompatible conductive platforms.

生物电子传感器由先进的聚合物和生物合成材料构建，模拟人类皮肤的机械柔软性和感官功能，实现与生物组织的亲密和适应性整合。在介电、导电和功能性聚合物复合材料的分子裁剪方面的进步，以及包含无机非金属成分的混合系统，促进了与皮肤和活体组织的无缝集成。尽管取得了实质性进展，但实现稳定、无缝连接和生物相容性的植入式生物电子传感器仍然是一个主要的技术障碍。本综述重点介绍了用于表皮和植入式的软性生物电子传感器的最新进展，以及柔性电子系统平台的最新发展，这些平台能够深入探索生理机制，并为克服生物医学应用中的基本障碍提供策略。我们首先总结了类皮肤软传感器的发展进展，特别强调了表皮软生物电子传感的创新。在可变形的表皮层下，我们重点介绍了可植入的软生物电子传感器的最新进展，这些传感器可以模拟活体组织的结构和机械特性。最后，我们概述了柔性电子系统平台，可以将软的和可植入的生物电子传感器与生物相容的导电平台无缝集成。

{"title":"Skin-inspired soft bioelectronic epidermal sensing, implantable applications and system integrations","authors":"Chao Wei, Kunwei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioelectronic sensors constructed from advanced polymeric and bio-synthetic materials emulate the mechanical softness and sensory functionality of human skin, enabling intimate and adaptive integration with biological tissues. Advances in the molecular tailoring of dielectric, conductive, and functional polymer composites, together with hybrid systems incorporating inorganic nonmetal components, have facilitated seamless integration with skin and living tissues. Despite substantial progress, the realization of stable, seamlessly connected, and biocompatible implantable bioelectronic sensors remains a major technological hurdle. This Review highlights emerging advances in soft bioelectronic sensors for both epidermal and implantable use, as well as recent developments in flexible electronic system platforms that enable in-depth exploration of physiological mechanisms and provide strategies to overcome fundamental barriers in biomedical applications. We first summarize advances in the development of skin-like soft sensors, with particular emphasis on innovations in epidermal soft bioelectronic sensing. Beneath the deformable epidermal layer, we highlight recent developments in implantable soft bioelectronic sensors that emulate the structural and mechanical characteristics of living tissues. Finally, we outline flexible electronic system platforms that enable seamless integration of soft and implantable bioelectronic sensors with biocompatible conductive platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101988"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase-dependent structural and magnetic properties of NdPO4 nanorods for cryo-magnetocaloric cooling 低温磁热冷却用NdPO4纳米棒的相依赖结构和磁性能

IF 9.7 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today Physics

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101989

Loubaba Attou , Khadija El Maalam , Salah-Eddine Bouzarmine , Sohail Ait Jmal , Zineb El Kacemi , Meriem Ben Ali , Sanae Naamane , Omar Mounkachi , Patrick Fournier , Mohamed Balli

The search for efficient, low-temperature, and environmentally friendly cooling technologies has intensified interest in magnetocaloric materials. In this study, we report the aqueous synthesis of neodymium orthophosphate nanorods (NdPO₄-NRs) via simple precipitation route using the synthetically accessible phosphoric acid as the primary reagent. Structural analysis clearly reveals a phase transition from a hydrated hexagonal rhabdophane-type structure (NdPO₄·H₂O, space group P3₁21) to a monoclinic anhydrous monazite-type structure (NdPO₄, space group P2₁/n) upon thermal treatment. High-resolution (HRTEM), confirms the successful formation of well-defined, polycrystalline nanorods with uniform diameters of approximately 20 nm and lengths extending to several hundred nanometers. The lattice fringes are clearly resolved, reflecting the high crystallinity of both phases, indicating the successful growth of these compounds during the aqueous precipitation process. The inverse magnetic susceptibility measurements demonstrate clear antiferromagnetic interactions in both phases, supported by Curie-Weiss analysis and consistent with the calculated Nd-O-Nd and Nd-O-P-O-Nd path angles. Magnetic entropy changes

{- Δ S}_{M}^{\max}

yielded a value of 14.97 J/kg K for the hydrated form and 19.09 J/kg K for the anhydrous phase under a magnetic field change of 5 T, underscoring the influence of crystallographic transformation on magnetocaloric behavior. Furthermore, cost-effective synthesis, tunable structure, and competitive magnetocaloric performance, the abundance and lower cost of neodymium compared to heavier rare-earth elements, position NdPO₄ as a potential candidate for efficient and economically sustainable cryogenic magnetic refrigeration.

对高效、低温和环境友好型冷却技术的研究增强了人们对磁热材料的兴趣。在本研究中，我们报道了以合成可及磷酸为主要试剂，通过简单沉淀法合成正磷酸钕纳米棒（NdPO4-NRs）。结构分析清楚地表明，热处理后的NdPO4由水合六方横纹石型结构（NdPO4·H2O，空间群P3121）转变为单斜无水单氮杂石型结构（NdPO4，空间群P21/n）。高分辨率（HRTEM）证实成功形成了定义明确的多晶纳米棒，直径均匀，约为20纳米，长度延伸至数百纳米。晶格条纹清晰，反映了两相的高结晶度，表明这些化合物在水相沉淀过程中成功生长。反磁化率测量结果表明，在两个相中存在明显的反铁磁相互作用，这得到了居里-魏斯分析的支持，并且与计算出的Nd-O-Nd和Nd-O-P-O-Nd路径角一致。在5 T的磁场变化下，水合相的磁熵变化为14.97 J/kg K，无水相的磁熵变化为19.09 J/kg K，表明晶体转变对磁热行为的影响。此外，低成本的合成、可调的结构和具有竞争力的磁热性能，以及与重稀土元素相比钕的丰度和更低的成本，使NdPO4成为高效和经济可持续的低温磁制冷的潜在候选者。

{"title":"Phase-dependent structural and magnetic properties of NdPO4 nanorods for cryo-magnetocaloric cooling","authors":"Loubaba Attou , Khadija El Maalam , Salah-Eddine Bouzarmine , Sohail Ait Jmal , Zineb El Kacemi , Meriem Ben Ali , Sanae Naamane , Omar Mounkachi , Patrick Fournier , Mohamed Balli","doi":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtphys.2025.101989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The search for efficient, low-temperature, and environmentally friendly cooling technologies has intensified interest in magnetocaloric materials. In this study, we report the aqueous synthesis of neodymium orthophosphate nanorods (NdPO<sub>4</sub>-NRs) via simple precipitation route using the synthetically accessible phosphoric acid as the primary reagent. Structural analysis clearly reveals a phase transition from a hydrated hexagonal rhabdophane-type structure (NdPO<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O, space group P3<sub>1</sub>21) to a monoclinic anhydrous monazite-type structure (NdPO<sub>4</sub>, space group P2<sub>1</sub>/n) upon thermal treatment. High-resolution (HRTEM), confirms the successful formation of well-defined, polycrystalline nanorods with uniform diameters of approximately 20 nm and lengths extending to several hundred nanometers. The lattice fringes are clearly resolved, reflecting the high crystallinity of both phases, indicating the successful growth of these compounds during the aqueous precipitation process. <em>The inverse m</em>agnetic susceptibility measurements demonstrate clear antiferromagnetic interactions in both phases, supported by Curie-Weiss analysis and consistent with the calculated Nd-O-Nd and Nd-O-P-O-Nd path angles. Magnetic entropy changes <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>Δ</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>max</mi></msubsup></mrow></math></span> yielded a value of 14.97 J/kg K for the hydrated form and 19.09 J/kg K for the anhydrous phase under a magnetic field change of 5 T, underscoring the influence of crystallographic transformation on magnetocaloric behavior. Furthermore, cost-effective synthesis, tunable structure, and competitive magnetocaloric performance, the abundance and lower cost of neodymium compared to heavier rare-earth elements, position NdPO<sub>4</sub> as a potential candidate for efficient and economically sustainable cryogenic magnetic refrigeration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18253,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Physics","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101989"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0