Ndt & E International最新文献_第4页

Contour guided-deep radon prior: A robust unsupervised framework for limited-angle CT inspection of oil and gas pipelines 轮廓引导深氡先验：用于石油和天然气管道有限角度CT检查的鲁棒无监督框架

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103647

Jintao Fu, Tianchen Zeng, Jiahao Chang, Peng Cong, Ximing Liu, Yuewen Sun

Oil and gas pipelines serve as critical global energy infrastructure, where structural integrity is paramount for ensuring energy security and preventing catastrophic accidents. However, in-service pipelines operating in harsh environments present significant challenges for non-destructive testing due to severely constrained inspection spaces. Limited-angle computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a useful method for detecting pipeline defects, but incomplete projection data leads to severe reconstruction artifacts when using conventional algorithms, substantially compromising defect detection accuracy. While unsupervised deep learning methods show promise without requiring paired training data, existing approaches primarily rely on implicit network priors, making it difficult to guarantee geometric fidelity of reconstructed structures. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel Contour Guided-Deep Radon Prior (CG-DRP) unsupervised reconstruction framework. The key innovation incorporates known geometric contours of pipeline structures as explicit physical constraints deeply integrated into the Deep Radon Prior (DRP) optimization process, achieving optimal fusion of physical prior accuracy and unsupervised learning flexibility. The framework additionally incorporates Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to enhance feature extraction capabilities. Experimental validation using simulated and real pipeline data under 90°and 120°limited-angle conditions demonstrates that CG-DRP comprehensively outperforms traditional algorithms (FBP, SART, ADMM-TV) and advanced unsupervised methods (DIP, RBP-DIP, DRP). Reconstructed images achieve optimal PSNR and SSIM performance, effectively suppressing artifacts while preserving structural details and minor defects. The research confirms CG-DRP’s robustness and superiority, providing an efficient solution for industrial CT applications in pipeline integrity assessment.

油气管道是全球重要的能源基础设施，其结构完整性对于确保能源安全和防止灾难性事故至关重要。然而，由于检测空间严重受限，在役管道在恶劣环境中运行，对无损检测提出了重大挑战。有限角度计算机断层扫描（CT）已成为检测管道缺陷的一种有用方法，但在使用传统算法时，不完整的投影数据会导致严重的重建伪影，从而大大降低缺陷检测的准确性。虽然无监督深度学习方法不需要配对训练数据，但现有方法主要依赖隐式网络先验，难以保证重建结构的几何保真度。为了解决这一挑战，本研究提出了一种新的轮廓引导-深度氡先验（CG-DRP）无监督重建框架。关键创新是将已知的管道结构几何轮廓作为明确的物理约束深度集成到Deep Radon Prior （DRP）优化过程中，实现物理先验精度和无监督学习灵活性的最佳融合。该框架还结合了卷积块注意模块（CBAM）来增强特征提取能力。利用90°和120°受限角度条件下的模拟和真实管道数据进行的实验验证表明，CG-DRP综合优于传统算法（FBP、SART、ADMM-TV）和先进的无监督方法（DIP、RBP-DIP、DRP）。重建后的图像具有最佳的PSNR和SSIM性能，在保留结构细节和微小缺陷的同时有效地抑制了伪影。研究证实了CG-DRP的鲁棒性和优越性，为工业CT在管道完整性评估中的应用提供了有效的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Features extraction for characterizing partial-circumferential pipe wall thinning using TM01 mode microwaves 基于TM01模式微波的部分周向管壁减薄特征提取

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103641

Weiying Cheng

In the inspection of partial-circumferential pipe wall thinning (PCPWT) using

{T M}_{01}

mode microwaves, higher-order mode microwaves are excited at various frequencies when the primary

{T M}_{01}

mode interacts with the thinning region. This alters the reflection of

{T M}_{01}

mode waves, and consequently affects the

S_{11}

signals. The behavior of

S_{11}

signals varies across different frequency ranges. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the signals within specific corresponding frequency bands: (1) low frequencies, where higher-order modes have not yet been generated; (2) intermediate frequencies, where the

{T E}_{21}

mode is excited but the

{T M}_{11}

mode is not yet; and (3) higher frequencies, where both the

{T E}_{21}

and

{T M}_{11}

mode are excited. In the signal analysis, Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA) was employed to decompose the simulated

S_{11}

signal into two components: a slowly oscillating component - exhibiting beating patterns particularly in the low-frequency range - and a residual component, characterized by irregular oscillation attributed to higher-order modes, especially at intermediate and higher frequencies. The results showed that both the thinning thickness and circumferential extent can be characterized using features derived from the two components. In the experimental study, a variety of signal processing techniques have been applied to measurement signals, which include reflections other than from the PCPWT. By using SSA and transforming the measurement signals across various domains – namely, frequency, spatial, and

Ω

- domains – signals most strongly associated with PWT were successfully extracted. These signals exhibited features consistent with simulation results, validating their potential for characterizing higher order modes and, consequently, PCPWT.

在利用TM01模式微波检测部分周向管壁减薄（PCPWT）时，当主TM01模式与减薄区域相互作用时，激发不同频率的高阶模式微波。这改变了TM01模式波的反射，从而影响了S11信号。S11信号的行为在不同的频率范围内是不同的。因此，在本研究中，我们对特定对应频段内的信号进行了分析：(1)低频，其中尚未产生高阶模态；(2)中频，TE21模式被激发，但TM11模式尚未被激发；(3)更高频率，其中TE21和TM11模式都被激发。在信号分析中，使用奇异谱分析（SSA）将模拟的S11信号分解为两个分量：缓慢振荡分量（特别是在低频范围内表现出跳动模式）和残差分量（特别是在中频和高频范围内表现出高阶模态的不规则振荡）。结果表明，利用这两个分量的特征可以表征薄化厚度和周向程度。在实验研究中，多种信号处理技术已被应用于测量信号，其中包括来自PCPWT以外的反射。通过对测量信号在不同域（即频率域、空间域和Ω域）的变换，成功地提取了与PWT最密切相关的信号。这些信号显示出与仿真结果一致的特征，验证了它们表征高阶模式的潜力，从而验证了PCPWT。

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引用次数: 0

Data-driven approach for water-to-cement ratio prediction in fresh cement paste from raw EIS measurements 基于原始EIS测量的新水泥浆水灰比预测数据驱动方法

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103664

Joohye Park, Jinyoung Hong, Junyoung Lee, Hajin Choi

Maintaining a consistent water-to-cement (w/c) ratio is critical for the strength development and long-term durability of cementitious materials; however, reliable on-site assessment remains challenging due to environmental variability and uncontrolled water addition. This study proposes a non-destructive, data-driven approach for directly estimating the w/c ratio of fresh cement paste by integrating electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a Gradient Boosting model. A total of 538 impedance spectra were collected under controlled laboratory conditions across a w/c range of 0.30–0.45 at early hydration stages. Raw impedance features measured within the 250 kHz–1 Hz frequency range were analyzed without relying on equivalent circuit fitting, and the proposed model achieved a prediction accuracy of up to R² = 0.85. Statistical preprocessing using median absolute deviation (MAD) filtering improved spectral stability, while frequency-window specification was shown to be critical for robust w/c estimation. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis further revealed that the imaginary impedance component (

Z^{″}

) and the frequency region near 1 kHz dominate the model predictions, reflecting sensitivity to interfacial polarization and ionic relaxation processes associated with early-age microstructural conditions. The proposed EIS–machine learning framework enables a rapid and physically interpretable estimation of the w/c ratio at the paste scale and provides a foundation for future extension to mortar and concrete for practical quality control applications.

保持一致的水灰比（w/c）对于胶凝材料的强度发展和长期耐久性至关重要；然而，由于环境变化和不受控制的水添加，可靠的现场评估仍然具有挑战性。本研究提出了一种非破坏性的、数据驱动的方法，通过将电化学阻抗谱（EIS）与梯度增强模型相结合，直接估计新鲜水泥浆体的w/c比。在控制的实验室条件下，在0.30 ~ 0.45的w/c范围内，共收集了538个水化早期阻抗谱。在不依赖等效电路拟合的情况下，对250 kHz-1 Hz频率范围内测量的原始阻抗特征进行了分析，所提出的模型的预测精度高达R2 = 0.85。使用中位数绝对偏差（MAD）滤波的统计预处理提高了频谱稳定性，而频率窗规格对于稳健的w/c估计至关重要。SHapley加性解释（SHAP）分析进一步表明，想象阻抗分量（Z″）和接近1 kHz的频率区域主导了模型预测，反映了与早期微观结构条件相关的界面极化和离子弛豫过程的敏感性。提出的eis机器学习框架能够快速且物理上可解释地估计膏体尺度的w/c比，并为将来扩展到砂浆和混凝土的实际质量控制应用提供基础。

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引用次数: 0

Seismic anisotropy analysis across a vertical crack in concrete using a controllable high-frequency source 利用可控高频震源分析混凝土垂直裂缝的地震各向异性

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103651

Nontawat Srisapan, Sananda Ray, Gregory P. Waite, Roohollah Askari

The reliable detection of internal defects in concrete structures remains challenging in nondestructive testing (NDT). Conventional seismic sources, such as hammers or weight drops, lack repeatability and cannot generate sufficiently high frequencies for detailed defect characterization. This research addresses these issues by developing the Seesaw Hammer, a repeatable seismic source capable of generating controlled high-frequency seismic waves. Lab experiments verified its repeatability and frequency tunability by varying tip weight and stiffness, where lighter and stiffer tips produced higher frequencies. Thus, it is suitable for guided wave analysis in concrete structures. The Seesaw Hammer was tested on a concrete slab containing a vertical crack, using two configurations: parallel and perpendicular arrays relative to the crack orientation. Data was acquired for crack filled with air, water, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), a customized viscous fluid. Phase velocity and quality factor (Q-factor) analysis shows perpendicular array configuration resulting in lower Q-factor and phase velocity. The degree of seismic anisotropy (dependence of seismic properties on array orientation relative to the crack) varied significantly with fluid type. Air-filled cracks exhibited the highest anisotropy and lowest Q-factor, whereas PEG-filled cracks demonstrated the lowest anisotropy and highest Q-factor, indicating that seismic anisotropy analysis using the developed high-frequency seismic source effectively identifies and characterizes vertical cracks, as well as the fluids contained within them.

混凝土结构内部缺陷的可靠检测一直是无损检测的难点。传统的震源，如锤击或重量下降，缺乏可重复性，不能产生足够高的频率来详细描述缺陷。该研究通过开发跷跷板锤来解决这些问题，跷跷板锤是一种可重复的地震源，能够产生可控的高频地震波。实验室实验通过改变尖端重量和刚度来验证其重复性和频率可调性，其中更轻和更硬的尖端产生更高的频率。因此，它适用于混凝土结构中的导波分析。跷跷板锤在含有垂直裂缝的混凝土板上进行了测试，使用了两种配置：相对于裂缝方向的平行和垂直阵列。数据采集了填充空气、水和聚乙二醇（PEG）（一种定制的粘性流体）的裂缝。相速度和质量因子（q因子）分析表明，垂直阵列结构可以降低q因子和相速度。地震各向异性的程度（地震性质与相对于裂缝的阵列方向的依赖）随着流体类型的不同而显著变化。充气裂缝各向异性最高，q因子最低，而peg填充裂缝各向异性最低，q因子最高，表明利用已开发的高频震源进行地震各向异性分析可以有效识别和表征垂直裂缝及其所含流体。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetic rotational permeability for tensile stress evaluation of non-oriented electrical steel 无取向电工钢拉应力评定的磁导率

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103669

Y.A. Tene Deffo , T. Uchimoto , A. Pelletier , G. Sebald , B. Ducharne

Unlike unidirectional magnetization, characterized by fundamentally irreversible domain wall motion, limited coherent domain rotation, and increasing power losses, rotational magnetization offers preferential access to mechanisms that remain poorly investigated in the context of nondestructive testing (NDT). At low fields, rotational magnetization induces reversible 90° domain wall motion, which is sensitive to mechanical strain, while at high fields it is governed primarily by magnetocrystalline anisotropy and mechanical stress through magneto-elastic energy. The magnetic response under rotational magnetization thus emerges as a powerful means of observing stress effects and indirectly evaluating them. In this study, we implement a magneto-mechanical characterization setup, termed Magnetic Rotational Permeability (MRP), which combines two coaxially aligned eddy-current transducer (ECT) pick-up coils in a transmission–reception configuration with a rotational magnetic excitation field applied to a non-grain-oriented electrical steel sample under uniaxial tensile stress. The distinctive contributions of rotational magnetization mechanisms at low and high field levels were studied under varying stress conditions. Our results demonstrate that leveraging rotational magnetization mechanisms enables an indirect and reliable assessment of uniaxial tensile stress. We conclude by discussing these findings and outlining perspectives for the application of rotational magnetic fields in NDT.

单向磁化的特点是基本不可逆的畴壁运动、有限的相干畴旋转和不断增加的功率损耗，与单向磁化不同，旋转磁化提供了在无损检测（NDT）中研究较少的机制的优先途径。在低磁场下，旋转磁化引起可逆的90°畴壁运动，这对机械应变很敏感，而在高磁场下，旋转磁化主要由磁晶各向异性和通过磁弹性能产生的机械应力控制。因此，旋转磁化下的磁响应成为观察应力效应和间接评价应力效应的有力手段。在这项研究中，我们实现了一个磁机械表征装置，称为磁旋转导磁率（MRP），它将两个同轴排列的涡流传感器（ECT）拾取线圈结合在一个传输-接收配置中，在单轴拉伸应力下，将旋转磁场应用于非晶粒取向的电钢样品。在不同的应力条件下，研究了低磁场和高磁场下旋转磁化机制的不同贡献。我们的研究结果表明，利用旋转磁化机制可以间接和可靠地评估单轴拉伸应力。最后，我们讨论了这些发现，并概述了旋转磁场在无损检测中的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Fatigue damage detection and assessment of standard plate specimens via metal magnetic memory testing 基于金属磁记忆试验的标准板试件疲劳损伤检测与评定

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103656

Jinbo Li , Nan Zhang , Yuling Zhang

Metal magnetic memory testing (MMMT) has demonstrated considerable potential for the identification and quantitative evaluation of hidden fatigue damage; however, the applicability of current damage evaluation indicators in actual structural inspections remains insufficiently explored. In this study, this issue was examined by designing two types of plate specimens to model the fatigue damage characteristics of orthotropic steel bridge decks. Prefabricated gaps were incorporated to simulate hidden fatigue damage in actual components, and the initial magnetic fields of the specimens were retained. The specimens were subjected to tensile‒tensile fatigue testing, and their surface magnetic fields were monitored online via a three-dimensional probe along predefined scanning paths. Digital image correlation was concurrently utilized on the opposite side of the specimens to verify the capability of the MMMT for fatigue damage detection and to evaluate the reliability of the fatigue life predictions. Analysis of the measured data revealed the limitations within the existing damage evaluation indicators, and new indicators of Mc, Div, and Curl were proposed. To minimize missed and false detections in the MMMT, a joint analysis of local contour maps for these indicators was conducted. By extracting the first-order longitudinal difference characteristic values of the proposed indicators and applying Bayes' theorem, a characteristic value database was established to assess the fatigue life of the specimens. The field detection from three fatigue designs in the orthotropic steel bridge deck of an in-service cable-stayed bridge indicated that the proposed MMMT-based scheme is highly efficacious for detecting the fatigue damage in the steel structures.

金属磁记忆检测（MMMT）在隐性疲劳损伤的识别和定量评价方面具有相当大的潜力；然而，目前的损伤评价指标在实际结构检测中的适用性还没有得到充分的探讨。在本研究中，通过设计两种类型的板试件来模拟正交各向异性钢桥面的疲劳损伤特征，对这一问题进行了研究。采用预制间隙模拟实际构件的隐性疲劳损伤，并保留试件的初始磁场。试样进行拉伸-拉伸疲劳试验，并通过三维探针沿预定扫描路径在线监测其表面磁场。同时利用数字图像相关技术在试件的反面验证了MMMT检测疲劳损伤的能力，并评估了疲劳寿命预测的可靠性。通过对实测数据的分析，发现了现有损伤评价指标的局限性，提出了Mc、Div、Curl等新的损伤评价指标。为了最大限度地减少MMMT中的漏检和误检，对这些指标的局部等高线图进行了联合分析。通过提取上述指标的一阶纵向差分特征值，应用贝叶斯定理，建立特征值数据库，对试件进行疲劳寿命评估。对某在役斜拉桥正交各向异性钢桥面三种疲劳设计的现场检测表明，基于mmmt的方案对钢结构的疲劳损伤检测是非常有效的。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of out-of-plane ply waviness in carbon-fibre reinforced plastics: Comparing different non-destructive evaluation modalities 碳纤维增强塑料的面外铺层波纹度评价：不同无损评价方法的比较

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103630

Rylan C.V.V. Gomes , Ehsan Mohseni , Vedran Tunukovic , Vincent Maes , Matteo Contino , S. Gareth Pierce , Kenneth Burnham , Randika K.W. Vithanage , Charles N. Macleod , Gavin Munro , Tom O'Hare

Out-of-plane waviness (ply wrinkles) reduces tensile and compressive strength in Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs), with maximum out-of-plane ply angle governing failure mechanisms. This study comparatively evaluates three Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) techniques: Eddy Current Array Testing (ECAT), Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) and X-ray Digital Tomosynthesis (DT) for detecting and characterising ply wrinkles across three parameters: amplitude, wavelength, and maximum out-of-plane ply angle. Nine unidirectional CFRP coupons containing induced ply wrinkles of controlled amplitudes (0.13–1.31 mm) were inspected, addressing a critical gap in comparative NDE performance for sub-2 mm amplitude defects in thin laminates.

PAUT achieved the highest overall characterisation success rate of 96.3 % (26/27 measurements) and a detection success rate of 88.9 % (8/9 samples). Critically, PAUT achieved 100 % success in characterising maximum out-of-plane ply angle - the parameter governing compressive/tensile failure across all samples, including the lowest amplitude wrinkle (0.13 mm). However, systematic overestimation in wrinkle amplitude characterisation occurred (+55.3 % mean percentage error). ECAT achieved an equivalent 88.9 % detection success and 33.3 % characterisation success, successfully measuring wrinkle wavelength (100 %) but unable to quantify wrinkle amplitude or out-of-plane ply angle from complex impedance data alone, positioning it as a rapid automated screening tool. X-ray DT achieved 88.9 % detection and characterisation success, with moderate overestimation in wrinkle amplitude characterisation (+24.8 %). However, complete detection and characterisation failure occurred on the lowest amplitude ply wrinkle.

A critical finding establishes that reliable characterisation requires ply wrinkle amplitudes ≥0.32 mm across all techniques, with implications for the wrinkle parameter hierarchy in manufacturing quality control.

碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRPs）的面外波浪形（铺层皱褶）会降低其抗拉和抗压强度，最大的面外铺层角控制其失效机制。本研究比较评估了三种无损检测（NDE）技术：涡流阵列检测（ECAT）、相控阵超声检测（PAUT）和x射线数字断层合成（DT），用于检测和表征三个参数：振幅、波长和最大面外铺层角的铺层褶皱。测试了9种单向CFRP片材，其中包含可控振幅（0.13-1.31 mm）的诱导层皱，解决了薄层压板中低于2 mm振幅缺陷的比较NDE性能的关键差距。PAUT达到了96.3%（26/27次测量）的最高总体表征成功率和88.9%（8/9个样本）的检测成功率。关键的是，pat在表征最大面外铺层角方面取得了100%的成功，这是控制所有样品的压缩/拉伸破坏的参数，包括最低幅度褶皱（0.13 mm）。然而，系统高估皱纹振幅特征发生（+ 55.3%平均百分比误差）。ECAT的检测成功率为88.9%，表征成功率为33.3%，成功测量了皱纹波长（100%），但无法仅从复杂阻抗数据量化皱纹幅度或面外厚度角，将其定位为快速自动化筛选工具。x射线DT检测和表征成功率为88.9%，皱纹振幅表征有中度高估（+ 24.8%）。然而，完全检测和表征失败发生在最低振幅皱褶。一项重要的发现表明，在所有技术中，可靠的表征要求皱褶幅度≥0.32 mm，这对制造质量控制中的皱褶参数层次具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

A novel non-destructive testing method for the uniaxial compressive strength of cemented paste backfill based on hyperspectral imaging and artificial intelligence 基于高光谱成像和人工智能的胶结膏体充填体单轴抗压强度无损检测新方法

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2026.103654

Qing Na , Qiusong Chen , Daolin Wang , Jilong Pan , Yunbo Tao , Aixiang Wu

Accurate and rapid evaluation of the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of cemented paste backfill (CPB) is crucial for ensuring safe and efficient underground mining. Traditional UCS tests, however, are contact-based, destructive and time-consuming, which severely limits real-time UCS monitoring and rapid feedback for in-situ backfill quality control. To overcome these limitations, this study innovatively introduces hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology into the real-time, in-situ UCS monitoring, establishing a non-destructive testing (NDT) method by integrating HSI with artificial intelligence. A total of 120 CPB groups with five mass concentrations (61–73 %) and eight curing ages (3–28 d) were tested to obtain both UCS and corresponding hyperspectral data. The spectral response characteristics of the CPB under varying concentrations were analyzed, revealing that the reflectance gradually increased with concentration, and two distinct absorption peaks were observed near 1400 nm and 1950 nm. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy indicated that, under concentration interference, the spectral sensitivity was highest at 1900 nm and lowest at 1600 nm. Subsequently, the effect of various spectral preprocessing techniques and feature extraction algorithms on UCS prediction accuracy was investigated using the PSO-SVM-Bagging algorithm. The results demonstrated that the 2nd D-SG-Nor + UVE model exhibited the best performance, with R_p² = 0.9487 and RPD = 4.4132. The three most important bands for UCS prediciton were identified as 1855.24 nm, 1240.29 nm, and 1589.91 nm respectively. Finally, comparison between the PSO-SVM-Bagging and CNN-LSTM algorithms revealed that the PSO-SVM-Bagging approach presented superior accuracy and generalization ability. This study validates the feasibility and scientific merit of applying HSI-based intelligent modeling as a NDT method for the UCS of CPB, providing a practical pathway for real-time monitoring, on-site feedback, and intelligent regulation of backfill performance in underground mining.

准确、快速地评价胶结膏体充填体的单轴抗压强度是保证地下矿山安全高效开采的关键。然而，传统的UCS测试是基于接触的、破坏性的和耗时的，这严重限制了对UCS的实时监测和对原位充填体质量控制的快速反馈。为了克服这些局限性，本研究创新性地将高光谱成像（HSI）技术引入到实时、原位UCS监测中，将高光谱成像与人工智能相结合，建立了一种无损检测（NDT）方法。共测试了120个CPB组，5种质量浓度（61 - 73%）和8种固化年龄（3-28 d），以获得UCS和相应的高光谱数据。对CPB在不同浓度下的光谱响应特性进行了分析，发现随着浓度的增加，反射率逐渐增大，在1400 nm和1950 nm附近有两个明显的吸收峰。二维相关光谱分析表明，在浓度干扰下，光谱灵敏度在1900 nm处最高，在1600 nm处最低。随后，利用PSO-SVM-Bagging算法研究了各种光谱预处理技术和特征提取算法对UCS预测精度的影响。结果表明，第2代D-SG-Nor + UVE模型表现最佳，Rp2 = 0.9487, RPD = 4.4132。对UCS预测最重要的三个波段分别为1855.24 nm、1240.29 nm和1589.91 nm。最后，将PSO-SVM-Bagging方法与CNN-LSTM算法进行比较，发现PSO-SVM-Bagging方法具有更好的准确率和泛化能力。本研究验证了将基于hsi的智能建模作为CPB单轴充填体无损检测方法的可行性和科学价值，为地下采矿充填体性能的实时监测、现场反馈和智能调控提供了一条实用途径。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical evaluation of the sideband peak count method for nonlinear ultrasonic damage detection 非线性超声损伤检测的边带峰值计数方法的数值评价

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103625

Peter B. Nagy , Laurence J. Jacobs , Bernd Köhler , Frank Schubert

It is well established in the scientific literature that a material's nonlinear response is much more sensitive to increasing dislocation density, microcrack nucleation, and other types of early material degradation than its linear response. The nonlinear elastic behavior of materials can be studied using various nonlinear ultrasonic techniques (NLU). However, they are all significantly more complex than their linear counterparts; therefore, they are often limited to a laboratory environment, and their field of application in industry is very narrow. In recent years, numerous publications have proposed new techniques based on the so-called Sideband Peak Count (SPC) method that utilizes relatively simple ultrasonic measurements to evaluate the degree of nonlinearity in materials. In contrast to conventional NLU NDE techniques, such as harmonic generation or wave mixing, SPC currently lacks a rigorous theoretical basis. To fill this gap, this paper presents computational results obtained under the assumption of classical quadratic nonlinearity using the COMSOL Multiphysics finite element software package. Parametric studies of four relevant variables ‒ excitation level, material nonlinearity, localized nonlinearity caused by a defect, and linear scattering caused by a geometrical feature ‒ were conducted. All the results of this numerical parametric study indicate that the SPC method and the SPC damage parameter named SPC-Index (SPC-I) offer limited sensitivity to changes in the level of classical acoustic nonlinearity at typical excitation levels used in ultrasonic NDE.

科学文献已经证实，与线性响应相比，材料的非线性响应对位错密度增加、微裂纹成核和其他类型的早期材料退化更为敏感。材料的非线性弹性行为可以用各种非线性超声技术来研究。然而，它们都比它们的线性对应物复杂得多；因此，它们往往局限于实验室环境，在工业上的应用领域非常狭窄。近年来，许多出版物提出了基于所谓的边带峰值计数（SPC）方法的新技术，该方法利用相对简单的超声波测量来评估材料的非线性程度。与传统的NLU NDE技术（如谐波产生或波混频）相比，SPC目前缺乏严格的理论基础。为了填补这一空白，本文给出了利用COMSOL多物理场有限元软件包在经典二次非线性假设下得到的计算结果。对四个相关变量——激励水平、材料非线性、缺陷引起的局部非线性和几何特征引起的线性散射进行了参数化研究。所有数值参数研究结果表明，SPC方法和SPC损伤参数SPC- index （SPC- i）对超声无损检测中典型激励水平下经典声学非线性水平变化的灵敏度有限。

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引用次数: 0

Exploiting critical interference in bounded ultrasonic beam scattering for near-surface damage detection in curved structures 利用有界超声波束散射的临界干扰进行曲面结构近表面损伤检测

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103627

Jiangcheng Cai, Mingxi Deng

Advances in modern manufacturing have expanded the application of components with curvature surfaces in engineering, thereby increasing the demand for ultrasonic techniques capable of detecting near-surface damage in curved structures. This paper proposes a damage detection method based on the critical scattering fields generated by the interaction between ultrasonic waves and curvature surfaces. In this paper, we analyzed stainless steel structure comprised by two quarter-cylindrical segments and joined adhesively. Under fluid–solid coupling conditions, an obliquely incident acoustic wave interacts with a curved structure, splitting into a directly reflected wave and leaky Rayleigh waves. Our analysis shows that under specific conditions, re-radiated waves induced by leaky Rayleigh waves interfere with the direct reflected wave, forming a critical constructive interference field. We specifically investigate the origins of constructive interference angles in the studied structure and demonstrate that early-stage surface damage can be effectively identified using precisely configured transducer pairs under these constructive interference angle conditions. Conducted at three inspection points on specimen, Finite element simulations confirm that the proposed method can detect damage within a near-surface region extending up to one wavelength of the circumferential Rayleigh waves. Experimental results further validate the method's ability to reliably identify corrosion damage.

现代制造业的发展扩大了曲率表面构件在工程中的应用，从而增加了对能够检测弯曲结构近表面损伤的超声技术的需求。提出了一种基于超声与曲率面相互作用产生的临界散射场的损伤检测方法。在本文中，我们分析了由两个四分之一圆柱段组成并粘合连接的不锈钢结构。在流固耦合条件下，斜入射声波与弯曲结构相互作用，分裂成直接反射波和泄漏瑞利波。我们的分析表明，在特定条件下，由泄漏瑞利波诱导的再辐射波与直接反射波发生干涉，形成临界干涉场。我们特别研究了所研究结构中构造干涉角的来源，并证明在这些构造干涉角条件下，使用精确配置的传感器对可以有效地识别早期表面损伤。在试件的三个检查点上进行有限元模拟，证实了所提出的方法可以检测到圆周瑞利波一个波长的近表面区域内的损伤。实验结果进一步验证了该方法可靠识别腐蚀损伤的能力。

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引用次数: 0