Ndt & E International最新文献_第7页

Semi-analytical modeling of eddy current response signals from a hollow cylinder due to a rectangular coil 由矩形线圈引起的空心圆柱体涡流响应信号的半解析建模

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103624

Prashanth Baskaran, Artur L. Ribeiro, Helena G. Ramos

Analytical modeling of a non-axisymmetric geometry, typically found in eddy-current NDT, requires the fields to be formulated via the second order vector potential, which is expressed in terms of the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) potentials. The potentials have a modal expansion in Fourier space involving modified Bessel functions with their corresponding (modal) coefficients. Generally, for tube structures inspected with non-axisymmetric coil, both TE and TM modes exist in the conductor and the modal coefficients are coupled, hindering the analytical formulation of the incident electric and magnetic fields. In this work we propose a numerical approach, by discretizing the continuity boundary condition across the interface, to numerically determine all the modal coefficients. This approach not only enabled the computation of coil impedance, but also the computation of the incident fields in all the layers. In this work, we have considered modeling a hollow tube structure with a rectangular excitation coil, placed either inside or outside the tube, and semi-analytically determine the coil’s response signals. The numerically predicted modal coefficients are validated indirectly by comparing the prediction of coil impedance, incident magnetic flux density and incident eddy-current density with experimental measurements and/or finite element method (FEM) simulations. The proposed technique can be extended to a multi-layer tube geometry.

非轴对称几何的解析建模，通常在涡流无损检测中发现，需要通过二阶矢量势来表示场，这是用横向电（TE）和横向磁（TM）势来表示的。势在傅里叶空间中有一个模态展开，涉及到带有相应（模态）系数的修正贝塞尔函数。通常，对于采用非轴对称线圈检测的管状结构，导体中同时存在TE模态和TM模态，且模态系数耦合，阻碍了入射电场和磁场的解析表达式。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种数值方法，通过离散跨界面的连续性边界条件，以数值方式确定所有模态系数。这种方法不仅可以计算线圈阻抗，还可以计算各层的入射场。在这项工作中，我们考虑了一个空心管结构的建模与矩形激励线圈，放置在管内或管外，并半解析地确定线圈的响应信号。通过将线圈阻抗、入射磁通密度和入射涡流密度的预测与实验测量和/或有限元法（FEM）模拟结果进行比较，间接验证了数值预测的模态系数。所提出的技术可以扩展到多层管的几何形状。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive investigation of flexible and multi-dimensional simulation-based PoD analysis 基于柔性和多维仿真的PoD分析的综合研究

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103596

Nachman Malkiel , Anthony J. Croxford , Paul D. Wilcox

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the simulation-based reliability assessment of NDE inspections, thereby enabling efficient, flexible, and multi-dimensional Probability of Detection (PoD) analysis. Building on existing literature and incorporating several new aspects, a complete framework is proposed and its various components are thoroughly discussed. The framework integrates validated, physics-based computer simulations with Kriging meta-modeling and Monte-Carlo integration, rigorously addressing challenging, multi-dimensional parameter spaces and uncertainty quantification. It constitutes an alternative to the traditional

\hat{a}

-versus-

a

method, which relies on oversimplifying statistical assumptions and is limited to one-dimensional PoD curves. While the Kriging-based approach provides a foundation for the more general stochastic case, the current research focuses on the simpler deterministic case as an initial step. An ultrasonic inspection example demonstrates this approach. First, a Finite Element model is validated against experimental results and its limitations are discussed. Then, the suggested framework is used to generate Probability of Detection (PoD) functions with uncertainty bounds highlighting its enhanced flexibility. Results are compared to ground-truth simulations, demonstrating the reliability of the analysis compared to traditional methods. Overall, the study takes a step forward towards the generation of a more efficient, robust, and adaptable NDE assessment, facilitating enhanced inspection design and confidence in reliability evaluations.

本研究对基于仿真的无损检测可靠性评估进行了全面的研究，从而实现了高效、灵活和多维的检测概率（PoD）分析。在现有文献的基础上，结合几个新的方面，提出了一个完整的框架，并对其各个组成部分进行了深入的讨论。该框架将经过验证的基于物理的计算机模拟与克里格元建模和蒙特卡罗集成相结合，严格解决具有挑战性的多维参数空间和不确定性量化问题。它构成了传统的a -对-a方法的替代方案，后者依赖于过度简化的统计假设，并且仅限于一维PoD曲线。虽然基于克里格的方法为更一般的随机情况提供了基础，但目前的研究主要集中在更简单的确定性情况下作为初始步骤。一个超声波检查的例子说明了这种方法。首先，根据实验结果对有限元模型进行了验证，并对其局限性进行了讨论。然后，使用该框架生成具有不确定性边界的检测概率（PoD）函数，以突出其增强的灵活性。结果与地面真值模拟进行了比较，证明了与传统方法相比分析的可靠性。总的来说，该研究朝着产生更有效、更稳健、适应性更强的无损检测评估迈出了一步，促进了检测设计的增强和可靠性评估的信心。

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引用次数: 0

Digitalization of Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing Using Augmented Reality: An Expert Evaluation 利用增强现实技术实现超声无损检测的数字化：专家评价

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103617

Jörg Rehbein , Sebastian-Johannes Lorenz , Dominik O.W. Hirschberg , Philipp A. Rauschnabel , Jens Holtmannspötter , Bernd Valeske

Current ultrasonic testing processes for aircraft inspection remain largely manual and non-digitalized. Among the most promising innovations for effective digitalization is the use of Augmented Reality, aligning with NDE 4.0 trends. Despite initial developments, advantages are merely theoretical, as research exploring real-world usage by domain experts remains scarce. Against this backdrop, this paper presents two consecutive, qualitative studies where NDT experts explored and evaluated a prototype system developed in prior works. The studies were designed to elicit early, indicative insights and actively involve practitioners in the development process. In the second study, inspectors used both the conventional and the new system to reflect on their experiences and assess how these shaped their performance. Despite the early stage of the Augmented Reality system, expert feedback and comparative evaluation were positive and encouraging. Reported advantages included increased speed, ease of use, improved focus, and enhanced documentation. With optimization areas identified, the system, once matured, may substantially outperform traditional methods. This research contributes to NDE 4.0 by clarifying user-centered requirements and reinforcing the importance of practitioner engagement during the digital transformation of inspection workflows.

目前用于飞机检查的超声波检测过程仍然主要是手工和非数字化的。在有效数字化方面最有前途的创新之一是使用增强现实，与NDE 4.0趋势保持一致。尽管有了最初的发展，但优势仅仅是理论上的，因为领域专家探索实际使用的研究仍然很少。在此背景下，本文提出了两个连续的定性研究，其中无损检测专家探索和评估了在先前工作中开发的原型系统。这些研究旨在引出早期的、指示性的见解，并积极地让实践者参与开发过程。在第二项研究中，检查员使用传统和新系统来反思他们的经验，并评估这些经验如何影响他们的表现。尽管增强现实系统处于早期阶段，但专家反馈和比较评估是积极和令人鼓舞的。报告的优点包括提高速度、易于使用、改进焦点和增强文档。随着优化领域的确定，系统一旦成熟，可能会大大优于传统方法。本研究通过澄清以用户为中心的需求，并在检验工作流程的数字化转型过程中加强从业者参与的重要性，为NDE 4.0做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Top ceramic coating thickness measurement of thermal barrier coating based on chirped-pulse eddy current testing 基于啁啾脉冲涡流检测的热障涂层顶部陶瓷涂层厚度测量

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103554

Gaochi Zhou , Mengbao Fan , Fengshan Sun , Jingyuan Li , Binghua Cao , Bo Ye

The thickness of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) directly impacts the lifespan and high-temperature resistance of turbine blades in engines. However, due to the low conductivity of TBCs, conventional pulsed eddy current testing (PECT) faces challenges in accurately measuring the thickness of top ceramic coating (TC), primarily attributed to the generation of weak detection signals that are highly susceptible to electromagnetic interference and quantization errors. To address this issue, this paper firstly employed chirped-pulse signal as the excitation signal and applied pulse compression to the detection signal. The peak value with the maximum SNR was then used as a feature, and the parameters of chirped-pulse signal were optimized based on the linear relationship between the peak value and the thickness of TC. Finally, the proposed method was validated using a constructed detection system. The result indicates that the relative error of the proposed method is within 3.5 %, with the root mean square error reduced by 60 % compared to PECT. This suggests that the developed method presents significant potential for practical TBCs thickness measurement applications.

热障涂层的厚度直接影响发动机涡轮叶片的使用寿命和耐高温性能。然而，由于tbc的低电导率，传统的脉冲涡流测试（PECT）在准确测量顶部陶瓷涂层（TC）厚度方面面临挑战，主要原因是产生的检测信号较弱，极易受到电磁干扰和量化误差的影响。为了解决这一问题，本文首先采用啁啾脉冲信号作为激励信号，并对检测信号进行脉冲压缩。然后以信噪比最大的峰值为特征，根据峰值与TC厚度的线性关系对啁啾脉冲信号参数进行优化。最后，通过构建的检测系统对所提方法进行了验证。结果表明，该方法的相对误差在3.5%以内，均方根误差比PECT降低了60%。这表明所开发的方法在实际tbc厚度测量应用中具有重要的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Interfacial delamination detection of multilayer composite structures based on broadband PMUT arrays 基于宽带PMUT阵列的多层复合结构界面分层检测

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103551

Zhanqiang Xing , Luyun Ding , Weiliang Ji , Shukui Liu , Chenchen Sun , Xiangyu Sun

Compared to traditional ultrasonic probes, piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasound transducer (PMUT) arrays have many advantages in the field of composite flaw detection owing to their small size, good consistency, and high sensitivity. However, in the actual detection process, the problems of low axial resolution and echo overlap significantly hinder the further development of PMUT devices for composite flaw detection. In this study, a broadband (75 %) PMUT with a center frequency of 2 MHz was designed using a multi-size mixing structure. At the same time, based on the acoustic phase flip phenomenon, a correlation coefficient method of translational window signals is proposed, which can accurately identify tiny (50-μm-thick, 1/10 wavelength) delamination defects by calculating the phase difference of the echo front, and successfully breaks through the half-wavelength detection limit. In addition, the C-scan imaging results of the two types of delamination defects demonstrate the capability of the PMUT device and detection algorithm in the detection of delamination defects in composite materials. This above study provides research ideas for the further development of ultrasonic devices in the field of solid micro-sized defect detection.

与传统的超声探头相比，压电微机械超声换能器（PMUT）阵列具有体积小、一致性好、灵敏度高等优点，在复合材料探伤领域具有诸多优势。但在实际检测过程中，轴向分辨率低、回波重叠等问题严重阻碍了PMUT复合材料探伤装置的进一步发展。本文采用多尺寸混频结构设计了一种中心频率为2 MHz的宽带（75%）PMUT。同时，基于声学相位翻转现象，提出了一种平移窗口信号的相关系数法，通过计算回波前的相位差，可以准确识别出微小（50 μm厚，1/10波长）的分层缺陷，成功突破了半波长检测极限。此外，两类脱层缺陷的c扫描成像结果也验证了PMUT器件及检测算法在复合材料脱层缺陷检测中的能力。上述研究为超声器件在固体微尺寸缺陷检测领域的进一步发展提供了研究思路。

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引用次数: 0

A surface defect radius evaluation method based on the eddy current probe containing the dual receiving coils 基于双接收线圈涡流探头的表面缺陷半径评估方法

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103589

Shaoni Jiao , Haowen Zheng , Dong Li , Junxia Li , Peng-peng Shi , Guijun Gao , Hongyu Zhang , Leiping Ren

The surface defect on the aluminum alloy building sheet may gradually evolve from local damage into systematic safety hazards. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of the defect is important to ensure the stability and the long-term safety of the aluminum alloy building structures. During the traditional eddy current testing (ECT), the defect on the metal sheet is often evaluated by a mapping method combined with the testing signal at the calibrated lift-off value. In practical testing, however, the signal value often experiences disturbances due to the change of the lift-off and then affects the accuracy of defect evaluation when using the traditional method. We propose a defect radius evaluation method based on the eddy current probe containing the dual receiving coils to address the adverse effects by lift-off disturbance in the traditional ECT. Comparing with the common multi-coil arrangements in ECT, the dual receiving coils with given lift-off interval output dual responding signals and are adopted for the analysis of characteristic signals. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to solve the inverse problem by comparing the measured characteristic signal values with those predicted by a fast calculation model, enabling precise defect radius evaluation. Using a self-developed ECT system and a dual receiving coils probe, experimental tests were conducted on the aluminum alloy sheet with defects of different sizes. The capability of the proposed method for quantitative assessment of defect parameters was validated by combining with the finite element method. Evaluation results based on experimental signals and simulation data demonstrate that the defect radius evaluation method can compensate for evaluation errors caused by lift-off disturbance.

铝合金建筑板材表面缺陷可能由局部损伤逐渐演变为系统性的安全隐患。因此，定量分析缺陷对保证铝合金建筑结构的稳定性和长期安全具有重要意义。在传统的涡流检测（ECT）中，通常采用映射法结合标定升离值处的检测信号来评估金属板上的缺陷。然而，在实际测试中，传统的缺陷评估方法往往会由于升空量的变化而引起信号值的扰动，从而影响缺陷评估的准确性。针对传统电痉挛检测中存在的升空干扰问题，提出了一种基于双接收线圈涡流探头的缺陷半径评估方法。与ECT中常见的多线圈布置方式相比，采用给定升降间隔的双接收线圈输出双响应信号，用于特征信号的分析。采用粒子群优化（PSO）算法，将测量到的特征信号值与快速计算模型预测的特征信号值进行比较，实现缺陷半径的精确估计。利用自行研制的电痉挛系统和双接收线圈探头，对不同尺寸缺陷的铝合金薄板进行了实验测试。结合有限元法验证了该方法对缺陷参数进行定量评估的能力。基于实验信号和仿真数据的评估结果表明，缺陷半径评估方法可以补偿升空扰动引起的评估误差。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of antenna polarization and moisture content on detection of GFPR bars in concrete using ground penetrating radar 天线极化和含水率对探地雷达探测混凝土中gpr杆的影响

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103574

Taemin Lee , Myung-Hun Lee , Jinyoung Hong , Jiyoung Min , Hajin Choi

Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) has recently emerged as a promising alternative to traditional steel reinforcement in concrete due to its superior durability. However, conventional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods often face limitations in detecting GFRP rebars, posing challenges for the maintenance and safety assessment of civil infrastructure. This study evaluates the applicability of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for detecting GFRP reinforcement in concrete through both numerical simulation and experimental validation. The investigation focuses on the influence of antenna polarization and concrete moisture conditions on electromagnetic (EM) wave-based detection. Numerical simulations confirmed that increased moisture in concrete enhances dielectric contrast, thereby improving the visibility of GFRP bars. For experimental validation, two concrete specimens—a beam and a slab embedded with GFRP reinforcement—were prepared and tested. The results revealed that EM wave reflection energy increased by up to 17.0 % and 15.8 % under wet conditions using cross and normal polarizations, respectively. These findings underscore the significance of selecting appropriate antenna polarization and accounting for moisture conditions to improve the detection accuracy of GFRP rebars using GPR.

玻璃纤维增强聚合物（GFRP）由于其优异的耐久性，最近成为传统钢筋混凝土的有希望的替代品。然而，传统的无损检测（NDT）方法在检测玻璃钢钢筋时往往存在局限性，给民用基础设施的维护和安全评估带来了挑战。本研究通过数值模拟和实验验证来评估探地雷达（GPR）探测混凝土中玻璃钢加固的适用性。重点研究了天线极化和混凝土湿度条件对电磁探测的影响。数值模拟证实，混凝土中水分的增加提高了介电对比度，从而提高了玻璃钢杆的可视性。为了进行试验验证，制备并测试了两个混凝土试件-一根梁和一根嵌有GFRP加固的板。结果表明，在潮湿条件下，交叉极化和正向极化的电磁波反射能量分别增加了17.0%和15.8%。这些结果强调了选择合适的天线极化和考虑湿度条件对提高GFRP钢筋的探地雷达探测精度的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Revolutionizing NDT 4.0 with Deep Attention Learning for Anomaly Detection (DAL-AD) in Mg-based L-PBF components 利用基于mg的L-PBF组件的深度注意学习异常检测（DAL-AD）革新无损检测4.0

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103569

Ayush Pratap , Neha Sardana , Tao Wu , P. Karthikeyan , Pao-Ann Hsiung

Detection of anomalies in 3D-printed magnesium alloy while printing is difficult because of the reactive nature of the material. In alignment with the principles of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) 4.0, which emphasizes the inspection of advanced manufacturing processes and fully automated systems, this work presents a novel approach for anomaly detection in additively manufactured parts. Three Mg-based alloy cubes were printed through Selective Laser Melting (SLM) at different scan rates, and X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) scan was employed to generate the image slices of all three samples. The novel data from all three samples has been selected to segment the anomaly from the printed part. The work has incorporated an innovative approach of adding a saliency map to the model for segmenting the different 3D printed volumes. Incorporating attention layers into the U-net algorithm enhances the learning characteristics of the model by emphasizing the specific region concerning the saliency map. It was found that by using an attention layer in the model, the accuracy in the segmentation of anomalies has been increased compared to simple U-net and other transfer learning approaches as a backbone. The proposed methodology with salient connection has achieved the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Intersection over union (IOU) of 98.29% and 96.67% respectively, demonstrating its effectiveness in the context of NDT 4.0 for the inspection of additively manufactured components. Further aligning the proposed DAL-AD (Deep Attention Learning for Anomaly Detection) framework with broader industrial segments such as Industry 5.0 and ISO 9000, this work enables AI-assisted, sustainable, and in-situ quality control in additive manufacturing.

由于材料的反应性，在打印时检测3d打印镁合金中的异常是困难的。与无损检测（NDT） 4.0的原则一致，该原则强调对先进制造过程和全自动系统的检查，本工作提出了一种用于增材制造零件异常检测的新方法。采用选择性激光熔化法（SLM）以不同的扫描速率打印出3个mg基合金立方体，并采用x射线计算机断层扫描（XCT）扫描生成3个样品的图像切片。从所有三个样本中选择新的数据来从印刷部分中分割异常。这项工作采用了一种创新的方法，即在模型中添加显著性地图，以分割不同的3D打印体积。将注意层纳入U-net算法中，通过强调与显著性图有关的特定区域，增强了模型的学习特性。研究发现，与简单的U-net和其他迁移学习方法作为主干相比，在模型中使用注意层可以提高异常分割的准确性。所提出的具有显著连接的方法分别实现了98.29%的Dice相似系数（DSC）和96.67%的Intersection over union (IOU)，证明了其在无损检测4.0背景下对增材制造部件检测的有效性。进一步将拟议的DAL-AD（深度注意学习异常检测）框架与工业5.0和ISO 9000等更广泛的工业领域结合起来，这项工作使人工智能辅助的、可持续的、原位的增材制造质量控制成为可能。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasonic imaging using a phased array probe with a buffer consisting of a bundle of circular cylinders 超声成像使用相控阵探头与一个由一束圆柱组成的缓冲器

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103576

Mingqian Xia, Kohei Nishiuchi, Takahiro Hayashi, Naoki Mori

The authors have previously investigated defect imaging using a phased array probe with a buffer consisting of thin plates. Although the phased array probe with a stacked plate buffer works well in defect imaging, there remains the issue of spurious images due to trailing waves generating at the side walls of a plate, and large stacked plate buffers are required to avoid the trailing waves. To solve these issues, a buffer consisting of circular cylinders is introduced. Considering dispersion characteristics of longitudinal vibration mode of guided waves in a circular cylinder and dimensions of phased array probe, cylinder buffers were designed and fabricated. Using the buffer consisting of circular cylinders, defects were well visualized with two imaging algorithms, plane wave imaging and total focusing method.

作者先前已经研究了使用相控阵探针与由薄板组成的缓冲的缺陷成像。虽然带叠层板缓冲的相控阵探头在缺陷成像中表现良好，但由于在板侧壁处产生尾波，存在像伪的问题，需要较大的叠层板缓冲来避免尾波。为了解决这些问题，介绍了一种由圆柱组成的缓冲器。考虑导波在圆柱内纵向振动模态的色散特性和相控阵探头的尺寸，设计并制作了圆柱缓冲器。利用圆柱体构成的缓冲层，采用平面波成像和全聚焦成像两种成像算法对缺陷进行了较好的可视化处理。

引用次数: 0

Far-focused pixel-based imaging of defects in layered structures based on improved nonlinear beamforming 基于改进非线性波束形成的层状结构缺陷远聚焦像元成像

IF 4.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103545

Shuang Liu , Huifeng Zheng , Cheng Hang , Baoming Peng , Guoyang Teng , Chenlong Yang

Layered structures have significant difficulties in ultrasonic far-focused pixel-based imaging (FPB) due to the large difference in interlayer acoustic impedance. To enhance the detection resolution and imaging quality of defects in the second layer of layered structures, an improved nonlinear beamforming method for FPB of layered structure defects —— Far-focused Pixel-Based imaging based on Nonlinear beamforming using Circular coherence factor and Baseband Delay-Multiply-and-Sum (CCB-NFPB) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the spatial coherence of the received signal is introduced through Baseband Delay-Multiply-and-Sum (BB-DMAS) nonlinear beamforming to suppress background noise. By incorporating multiplicative operations between demodulated baseband signals, BB-DMAS introduces nonlinear characteristics that improve robustness to reverberation and signal interference. Then, the circular coherence factor (CCF) constructed using the phase information of the signal is adaptively weighted to further improve the image intensity of deep defect locations, in order to overcome the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation caused by sound wave propagation attenuation. The experiment is based on the k-wave acoustic field simulation platform to optimize the emission parameters (with 36 sub apertures and a focusing depth of 130 mm). Experimental results demonstrated that CCB-NFPB improved the SNR by 97.7 % compared to the conventional linear beamformed Delay-and-Sum (DAS) method, reduced lateral resolution error between adjacent defects by 55.1 %, and maintained over 93.8 % SNR improvement within the 15–25 mm depth range. The proposed method demonstrates a remarkable ability to suppress interface reflection noise and effectively resolves key challenges in second-layer defect imaging, including limited resolution and pronounced signal attenuation at greater depths. It offers robust performance in accurate defect characterization, effective noise mitigation, and resilience against amplitude degradation.

层状结构由于层间声阻抗差异较大，在超声远聚焦像元成像（FPB）中存在很大困难。为了提高层状结构第二层缺陷的检测分辨率和成像质量，提出了一种改进的层状结构缺陷非线性波束形成方法——基于圆相干因子和基带延迟乘和（CCB-NFPB）非线性波束形成的远聚焦像元成像方法。首先，通过基带延迟乘和（BB-DMAS）非线性波束形成引入接收信号的空间相干性来抑制背景噪声；通过在解调基带信号之间合并乘法运算，BB-DMAS引入了非线性特性，提高了对混响和信号干扰的鲁棒性。然后，利用信号的相位信息构建圆相干系数（CCF）自适应加权，进一步提高深度缺陷位置的图像强度，以克服声波传播衰减引起的信噪比（SNR）下降；实验基于k波声场仿真平台，优化发射参数（36子孔径，聚焦深度130 mm）。实验结果表明，与传统的线性波束形成延迟和sum （DAS）方法相比，CCB-NFPB的信噪比提高了97.7%，相邻缺陷之间的横向分辨率误差降低了55.1%，在15 ~ 25 mm深度范围内信噪比提高了93.8%以上。该方法具有显著的抑制界面反射噪声的能力，并有效解决了第二层缺陷成像的关键挑战，包括有限的分辨率和较大深度的明显信号衰减。它在准确的缺陷表征、有效的噪声缓解和对振幅退化的弹性方面提供了强大的性能。

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引用次数: 0