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TORPP - Turtles, One Health Research & Plastic Pollution: A multidisciplinary consortium to evaluate the environmental and health impact of Micro/NanoPlastics (MNPs) pollution TORPP - 海龟、统一健康研究与塑料污染:评估微/纳米塑料(MNPs)污染对环境和健康影响的多学科联盟
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100873
A. Legrand , G. Blanvillain , T. Deschamps , G. Chapelet , F. Aubret , L. Garrido , S. Lecomte , A. Martinez-Silvestre , J.C. Auguet , A. Sauvaget , TORPP writing group

Although the World Health Organization characterizes a One Health concern as one in which there is the capability to incorporate numerous disciplines to tackle health challenges threatening humans, animals and ecosystems, scientific efforts frequently remain compartmentalized. Here we report an original consortium, TORPP, spanning 16 disciplines, focused on Micro/NanoPlastics (MNPs) pollution as a One Health concern. Whereas the MNP topic has been largely studied in marine ecology, research effort remains scarce in human medicine. Equally, while marine ecology is highly skilled in MNP sampling and characterization, human medicine has developed pathophysiological concepts and tools that can be used more broadly to evaluate the health impact of MNPs. TORPP consortium propose that these strengths and knowledges must be transferred across fields of study to advance our understanding of MNP toxicity to organisms, by uniting integrative approaches (ecological, experimental and clinical) under a common conceptual and analytical framework.

尽管世界卫生组织将 "同一健康关注 "定义为有能力整合众多学科来应对威胁人类、动物和生态系统的健康挑战,但科学工作往往仍然各自为政。在此,我们报告了一个横跨 16 个学科的原创联盟 TORPP,其重点是作为 "一个健康问题 "的微/纳米塑料(MNPs)污染。虽然海洋生态学已对 MNP 课题进行了大量研究,但人类医学方面的研究工作仍然很少。同样,虽然海洋生态学在 MNP 取样和特征描述方面具有很高的技术水平,但人类医学已开发出病理生理学概念和工具,可更广泛地用于评估 MNP 对健康的影响。TORPP 联合体建议,必须在共同的概念和分析框架下将综合方法(生态、实验和临床)结合起来,将这些优势和知识在不同研究领域进行转移,以促进我们对 MNP 生物毒性的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Lesion on the right testicle of 21-year-old patient 21 岁患者右侧睾丸病变
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100863
Anna Kuna , Pawel Poblocki , Karolina Baranowicz , Maciej Grzybek

Human dirofilariasis is an emerging disease that is rising and driven by increasing travel of both humans and their companion animals and climate change. We report a case of Dirofilaria repens in the scrotum of a 21-year-old patient, who experienced right testicular pain. Ultrasonography revealed a tubular, worm-like lesion extracted successfully and confirmed as an immature D. repens through parasitological and molecular analyses. Post-surgery, the patient underwent anthelmintic treatment and was discharged. Increased awareness of this parasitosis among healthcare professionals is crucial, given the expected rise in dirofilariasis cases. Climate change in Poland, characterized not so much by record high temperatures but by a systematic increase in the number of warm days, affects many aspects of life. Due to the presence of disease vectors, the introduction and reintroduction of exotic and parasitic disease, previously rare or absent in temperate climate zones, is possible.

人类伊丝虫病是一种新出现的疾病,由于人类及其伴侣动物的旅行日益频繁以及气候变化,这种疾病的发病率正在上升。我们报告了一例 21 岁患者因右睾丸疼痛而在阴囊中发现的代根丝虫病。超声波检查发现了一个管状蠕虫病灶,成功将其提取出来,并通过寄生虫学和分子分析确认为未成熟的驱虫蚊。手术后,患者接受了驱虫治疗并康复出院。鉴于预期的丝虫病病例增加,提高医疗专业人员对这种寄生虫病的认识至关重要。波兰气候变化的特点不是气温屡创新高,而是温暖天数持续增加,这影响到生活的许多方面。由于病媒的存在,以前在温带气候区罕见或不存在的外来寄生虫病有可能传入或再次传入。
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引用次数: 0
One Health policy for combatting African trypanocide resistance 防治非洲锥虫病抗药性的 "一个健康 "政策
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100871
Keneth Iceland Kasozi , Ewan Thomas MacLeod , Susan Christina Welburn

The rise of African trypanocide resistance (ATr) is influenced by various factors such as evolutionary changes in the pathogen, the presence of resistance genes in the population, poor policy decisions, limited private-public partnerships to engage local communities, and insufficient funding for the development of new drugs over the past sixty years. These challenges have been exacerbated by the inadequate implementation of drug liberalization policies in the mid 20th century, leading to poor pharmacovigilance practices for veterinary drugs in low and middle income countries (LMICs). One health (OH), a disease management framework, provides practical solutions for addressing ATr, drawing on its success in managing previous epidemics like avian influenza in 2004 and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, where institutional collaborations were rapidly established. To combat ATr, OH initiatives involving both international and local partners at the policy and grassroots levels are crucial to generate community interest. The importance of political commitment, media involvement, and nongovernmental organizations cannot be overstated, as they are essential for resource mobilization and long-term sustainability in LMICs.

非洲锥虫抗药性(ATr)的增加受到多种因素的影响,如病原体的进化变化、人群中存在抗药性基因、决策失误、公私合作伙伴关系对当地社区的参与有限,以及过去六十年来用于开发新药的资金不足。20 世纪中叶药物自由化政策执行不力,导致中低收入国家(LMICs)兽药药物警戒工作不力,从而加剧了这些挑战。疾病管理框架 "同一健康"(OH)在管理 2004 年禽流感和最近的 COVID-19 大流行等流行病方面取得了成功,并迅速建立了机构合作关系,它为应对兽药残留提供了切实可行的解决方案。为应对反兽疫,由国际和当地合作伙伴在政策和基层层面共同参与的 "吴倡议 "对于激发社区兴趣至关重要。政治承诺、媒体参与和非政府组织的重要性无论怎样强调都不为过,因为它们对低收入和中等收入国家的资源调动和长期可持续性至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic review on global zoonotic virus-associated mortality events in marine mammals 全球海洋哺乳动物人畜共患病病毒相关死亡事件系统回顾
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100872
Katie Vigil, Huiyun Wu, Tiong Gim Aw

Marine mammals play a critical role as sentinels for tracking the spread of zoonotic diseases, with viruses being the primary causative factor behind infectious disease induced mortality events. A systematic review was conducted to document marine mammal mortality events attributed to zoonotic viral infections in published literature across the globe. This rigorous search strategy yielded 2883 studies with 88 meeting inclusion criteria. The studies spanned from 1989 to 2023, with a peak in publications observed in 2020. Most of the included studies were retrospective, providing valuable insights into historical trends. The United States (U.S.) reported the highest number of mortality events followed by Spain, Italy, Brazil and the United Kingdom. Harbor seals were the most impacted species, particularly in regions like Anholt, Denmark and the New England Coast, U.S. Analysis revealed six main viruses responsible for mortality events, with Morbillivirus causing the highest proportion of deaths. Notably, the occurrence of these viral events varied geographically, with distinct patterns observed in different regions. Immunohistochemistry emerged as the most employed detection method. This study underscores the importance of global surveillance efforts in understanding and mitigating the impact of viral infections on marine mammal populations, thereby emphasizing the necessity of collaborative One Health approaches to address emerging threats at the human-animal-environment interface. Additionally, the potential transfer of zoonotic viruses to aquatic organisms used in food production, such as fish and shellfish, highlights the broader implications for food safety, food security and public health.

海洋哺乳动物作为追踪人畜共患病传播的哨兵发挥着至关重要的作用,而病毒是传染病诱发死亡事件的主要致病因素。我们进行了一次系统性回顾,以记录全球已发表文献中因人畜共患病毒感染导致的海洋哺乳动物死亡事件。通过严格的搜索策略,共搜索到 2883 项研究,其中 88 项符合纳入标准。这些研究的时间跨度从 1989 年到 2023 年,其中 2020 年的发表量达到高峰。纳入的大多数研究都是回顾性的,为了解历史趋势提供了宝贵的资料。美国报告的死亡事件数量最多,其次是西班牙、意大利、巴西和英国。港海豹是受影响最大的物种,尤其是在丹麦安霍尔特和美国新英格兰海岸等地区。分析表明,造成死亡事件的病毒主要有六种,其中莫比莱病毒造成的死亡比例最高。值得注意的是,这些病毒事件的发生具有地域差异,在不同地区观察到不同的模式。免疫组化是最常用的检测方法。这项研究强调了全球监测工作在了解和减轻病毒感染对海洋哺乳动物种群的影响方面的重要性,从而强调了采用 "同一健康 "合作方法来应对人类-动物-环境界面上新出现的威胁的必要性。此外,人畜共患病病毒有可能转移到用于食品生产的水生生物(如鱼类和贝类),这凸显了对食品安全、粮食安全和公共卫生的广泛影响。
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引用次数: 0
A multidisciplinary analysis of over 53,000 fascioliasis patients along the 1995–2019 countrywide spread in Vietnam defines a new epidemiological baseline for One Health approaches 对 1995-2019 年越南全国范围内 53,000 多名筋膜炎患者的多学科分析为 "一体健康 "方法确定了新的流行病学基线
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100869
Nguyen Van De , Pham Ngoc Minh , Thanh Hoa Le , Do Trung Dung , Tran Thanh Duong , Bui Van Tuan , Le Thanh Dong , Nguyen Van Vinh Chau , Pablo F. Cuervo , M. Dolores Bargues , M. Adela Valero , Albis Francesco Gabrielli , Antonio Montresor , Santiago Mas-Coma

Fascioliasis, only foodborne trematodiasis of worldwide distribution, is caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, liver flukes transmitted by freshwater snails. Southern and southeastern Asia is an emerging hot spot of F. gigantica, despite its hitherto less involvement in human infection. In Vietnam, increasing cases have been reported since 1995, whereas only sixteen throughout 1800–1994. A database was created to include epidemiological data of fascioliasis patients from the 63 Vietnam provinces throughout 1995–2019. Case profiles were based on serology, symptoms, eosinophilia, imaging techniques, stool egg finding, and post-specific-treatment recovery. Radio broadcasting about symptoms and costless diagnosis/treatment led patients to hospitals after symptom onset. Yearly case numbers were modelled and spatio-temporally analyzed. Missing data and confounders were assessed. The countrywide spread has no precedent. It started in the central coast, including 53,109 patients, mostly adults and females. Seasonality, linked to vegetable consumption, peaks in June, although the intensity of this peak differs according to relief/climatic zones. Incidence data and logistic regression curves are obtained for the first time in human fascioliasis. Fasciolid hybrids accompanying the spreading F. gigantica flukes, and climate change assessed by risk index correlations, are both ruled out as outbreak causes. Human-guided movements of livestock from an original area prove to be the way used by fasciolids and lymnaeid vectors to expand geographically. Radix viridis, a highly efficient transmitting and colonizing vector, played a decisive role in the spread. The use of irrigated crop fields, widely inhabited by R. viridis, for livestock grazing facilitated the transmission and spread of the disease. General physician awareness and diagnostic capacity improvement proved the successful impact of such knowledge transfer in facilitating and increasing patient infection detection. Information, education and communication to the public by radio broadcasting demonstrated to be very helpful. Fasciola gigantica is able to cause epidemic and endemic situations similar to F. hepatica. The magnitude of the human outbreak in Vietnam is a health wake-up call for southern and southeastern countries of Asia which present the highest human population densities with increasing food demands, uncontrolled livestock inter-country exchange, foreign import practices, and monsoon's increasing climate change impact.

肝吸虫病(Fascioliasis)是世界上唯一的食源性吸虫病,由淡水蜗牛传播的肝吸虫和肝吸虫引起。尽管亚洲南部和东南部迄今较少涉及人类感染,但却是新出现的 "肝吸虫病 "热点地区。在越南,自 1995 年以来报告的病例不断增加,而在 1800-1994 年期间只有 16 例。我们建立了一个数据库,收录了 1995-2019 年间越南 63 个省的法氏囊病患者的流行病学数据。病例资料基于血清学、症状、嗜酸性粒细胞增多、影像学技术、粪蛋发现和特异性治疗后的恢复情况。有关症状和无成本诊断/治疗的广播引导患者在症状出现后前往医院就诊。对每年的病例数进行了建模和时空分析。对缺失数据和混杂因素进行了评估。在全国范围内传播尚无先例。它始于中部沿海地区,包括 53109 名患者,大多为成人和女性。该病的季节性与蔬菜消费有关,在 6 月份达到高峰,但不同的地势/气候区发病率也不同。首次获得了人类筋膜炎的发病数据和逻辑回归曲线。通过风险指数相关性评估的伴随传播的吸虫杂交种和气候变化都被排除在疫情爆发原因之外。事实证明,人类引导牲畜从原住地迁出是法氏囊虫和伊蚊病媒在地理上扩张的方式。在这一传播过程中,"蜱 "这种高效的传播媒介和定殖媒介起了决定性作用。恙虫广泛栖息的灌溉农田被用来放牧,这为疾病的传播和扩散提供了便利。全科医生的认识和诊断能力的提高证明了这种知识转让在促进和增加病人感染检测方面的成功影响。事实证明,通过电台广播向公众提供信息、开展教育和交流非常有帮助。 越南爆发的大规模人类疫情为亚洲南部和东南部国家敲响了健康警钟,这些国家的人口密度最高,粮食需求不断增加,国家间牲畜交换不受控制,外国进口做法以及季风对气候变化的影响日益严重。
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引用次数: 0
An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant and deaths of three lions in a zoo 动物园爆发 SARS-CoV-2 omicron 变体并造成三头狮子死亡
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100870
Yudai Kuroda , Miki Ozaki , Yusuke Sakai , Eri Uchida-Fujii , Ikumi Hanada , Tsukasa Yamamoto , Kango Tatemoto , Yuichiro Hirata , Yuko Sato , Harutaka Katano , Noriyo Nagata , Hirofumi Kato , Tomoe Shimada , Tadaki Suzuki , Tatsuko Nakao , Ken Maeda

There have been reports of the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from humans to various mammalian species. Some infected animals show clinical signs and may even die in rare cases. Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in zoos where susceptible animals are bred in high population densities. However, there have been few reports of omicron variant outbreaks in zoo animals. From late 2022 to 2023, an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant occurred in one Japanese zoo. A total of 24 lions were housed in the zoo; 13 of them showed respiratory symptoms, and the three oldest lions died. Molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that the deceased lions were infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron BF.7.15. Virus-neutralization tests showed that all 21 lions were positive for antibodies against the omicron variant, but not against the delta variant. In addition, three tigers and one bear in the same or neighboring building as the lions possessed antibodies against the omicron variant. This is a very rare report on the outbreak of a SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection that resulted in the death of animals. This finding demonstrates the importance of continuous countermeasures to protect non-vaccinated animals from SARS-CoV-2 infection.

有报告称,严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)从人类传染给各种哺乳动物。一些受感染的动物会出现临床症状,在极少数情况下甚至会死亡。据报道,在易感动物饲养密度较高的动物园,曾爆发过 SARS-CoV-2 事件。然而,动物园动物爆发 Omicron 变种的报道却很少。2022 年底至 2023 年期间,日本一家动物园爆发了 SARS-CoV-2 奥米克龙变种疫情。该动物园共饲养了 24 头狮子,其中 13 头出现呼吸道症状,3 头年龄最大的狮子死亡。分子和组织病理学分析表明,死亡的狮子感染了 SARS-CoV-2 omicron BF.7.15。病毒中和试验显示,所有 21 头狮子对 omicron 变体的抗体均呈阳性,但对 delta 变体的抗体不呈阳性。此外,与狮子住在同一栋楼或邻近楼房的三只老虎和一只熊也拥有针对奥米克龙变体的抗体。这是一起非常罕见的导致动物死亡的 SARS-CoV-2 omicron 变体感染疫情报告。这一发现表明,必须持续采取应对措施,保护未接种疫苗的动物免受 SARS-CoV-2 感染。
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引用次数: 0
Weak association of Usutu virus and haemosporidian infection in birds collected in Germany 德国收集的鸟类中乌苏图病毒与血孢子虫感染的微弱联系
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100868
Carolin Hattendorf , Dániel Cadar , Stefan Bosch , Norbert Becker , Lars Lachmann , Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit , Anna Heitmann , Renke Lühken

The Usutu Virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus originated in Africa. The virus circulates in Germany since 2010. It is primarily transmitted and maintained in the natural cycle by Culex mosquitoes and primarily affects birds, particularly Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merula), leading to significant mortality. Several studies have reported a high co-infection rate of European birds with both USUV and haemosporidians. Haemosporidians are blood parasites which maintain an enzootic life cycle with birds via different arthropod vectors. This study conducted screenings of birds from Germany received through a citizen's science project for both, USUV and haemosporidians between 2016 and 2021. The prevalence of USUV reached its peak in 2018, when it was first detected throughout most parts of Germany rather than being limited to localised hotspots. Subsequently, USUV prevalence consistently declined. On the other hand, the prevalence of haemosporidians initially declined between 2016 and 2019, but experienced a subsequent increase in the following years, exhibiting a more or less inverse pattern compared to the prevalence of USUV. In 2020, a statistically significant positive association between both pathogens was found, which was also detected across all years combined, indicating if at all a weak relationship between these pathogens.

乌苏图病毒(USUV)是一种起源于非洲的蚊媒黄病毒。该病毒自 2010 年起在德国流行。在自然循环中,它主要由库蚊传播和维持,主要影响鸟类,尤其是欧亚黑鸟(Turdus merula),导致大量死亡。一些研究报告称,欧洲鸟类同时感染 USUV 和血孢子虫的比例很高。血孢子虫是一种血液寄生虫,通过不同的节肢动物载体与鸟类维持着一个流行的生命周期。这项研究在 2016 年至 2021 年期间对通过公民科学项目从德国收到的鸟类进行了乌苏里潜蝇和血孢子虫筛查。USUV 的流行率在 2018 年达到顶峰,当时首次在德国大部分地区检测到,而不是局限于局部热点地区。随后,USUV 的流行率持续下降。另一方面,血孢子虫的流行率最初在 2016 年至 2019 年期间有所下降,但在随后几年中又有所上升,与 USUV 的流行率相比,呈现出或多或少的反比模式。2020 年,发现这两种病原体之间存在统计学意义上的显著正相关,所有年份加起来也是如此,这表明这些病原体之间的关系很微弱。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial special edition: Addressing antimicrobial resistance in Southeast Asia 编辑特刊:应对东南亚的抗菌药耐药性问题
IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100866
Harish Kumar Tiwari, Justin Beardsley, Ruth Zadoks, Daniel KY Tan, Sothavireak Bory, Phuc Pham Duc, Thi Thu Hoai Nguyen, Watthana Theppangna
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引用次数: 0
Climate change: A health emergency for humans, animals, and the environment 气候变化:人类、动物和环境的健康紧急状况
IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100867
David Bruce Conn, R.J. Soares Magalhães
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引用次数: 0
Progress and persistence of diseases of high consequence to livestock in the United States 美国牲畜重大疾病的进展和持续情况
IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100865
Mark R. Ackermann, John P. Bannantine

The USDA/ARS-National Disease Center (NADC) will celebrate its 65th anniversary of existence in November 2026. NADC continues as one of the world's premier animal health research centers conducting basic and applied research on endemic diseases with economic impact on U.S. livestock and wildlife. This research center also supports a program studying important food safety pathogens such as Salmonella, E. coli and Campylobacter. NADC has contributed significantly to the elimination of a few diseases, notably hog cholera and milk fever, and made progress in reducing the impact of many other animal diseases through vaccines, therapies and managerial recommendations. Despite nearly 65 years of targeted research on these diseases and much progress, some of these continue to persist. The reasons for such persistence varies for each disease condition and they are often multifactorial involving host susceptibility, virulence and even environmental conditions. Individually and in aggregate, these disease conditions have a massive economic impact and can be devasting to animal producers, owners and individuals that become infected through zoonotic disease agents such as tuberculosis, leptospirosis and avian influenza. They also diminish the health, well-being and welfare of affected animals, which directly affects the food supply. The NADC is using all available technologies including genomic, biochemical, reverse genetics, and vaccine trials in the target host to combat these significant diseases. We review the progress and reasons for persistence of selected diseases and food safety pathogens as well as the progress and potential outcomes should research and programmatic plans to eliminate these disease conditions cease.

美国农业部/农业科学研究院-国家疾病中心(NADC)将于 2026 年 11 月庆祝其成立 65 周年。NADC 仍是世界上最重要的动物健康研究中心之一,开展对美国牲畜和野生动物有经济影响的地方病的基础和应用研究。该研究中心还支持一项研究重要食品安全病原体的计划,如、和。NADC 为消灭少数疾病(尤其是猪霍乱和牛奶热)做出了重大贡献,并通过疫苗、疗法和管理建议在减少其他许多动物疾病的影响方面取得了进展。尽管近 65 年来对这些疾病进行了有针对性的研究并取得了很大进展,但其中一些疾病仍然持续存在。每种疾病持续存在的原因各不相同,通常涉及宿主易感性、毒力甚至环境条件等多因素。这些疾病对经济产生了巨大的影响,对动物生产者、饲养者以及因结核病、钩端螺旋体病和禽流感等人畜共患疾病病原体而受到感染的个人造成了巨大的损失。它们还会降低受影响动物的健康、福祉和福利,直接影响食品供应。国家反兴奋剂中心正在利用所有可用技术,包括基因组学、生物化学、反向遗传学以及在目标宿主体内进行疫苗试验,以防治这些重大疾病。我们回顾了某些疾病和食品安全病原体的进展情况和持续存在的原因,以及如果消除这些疾病的研究和方案计划停止,其进展情况和潜在结果。
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