Eyal Feigenbaum, N. Ray, Jae Hyuck Yoo, Hoang T. Nguyen, Michael A. Johnson
Metasurfaces exhibit great potential to redefine limitations inhibiting high power laser optics. Some areas of expected improvement include throughput improvement with enhanced design flexibility, mitigation of filamentation damage by enabling thinner optics, and reduction in system complexity and price. Metasurface utilize engineered surface ‘layer’ with thickness on the order of the design wavelength, which consists of an array of sub-wavelength elements. Our methodology is based on scalable generation of sacrificial metal nanoparticle mask followed by directional etching to pattern the glass. The end-result all-glass metasurface has high laser damage durability, mechanical robustness, design flexibility and controllability of the metasurface features, and the ability to craft antireflective layers and basic optical elements. Recent advancements have been made resulting in ultra-broadband antireflective layers, induced birefringence in the glass for waveplates, and refined optical elements.
{"title":"All-glass metasurface laser optics for lensing, antireflections, and waveplates","authors":"Eyal Feigenbaum, N. Ray, Jae Hyuck Yoo, Hoang T. Nguyen, Michael A. Johnson","doi":"10.1117/12.2685561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2685561","url":null,"abstract":"Metasurfaces exhibit great potential to redefine limitations inhibiting high power laser optics. Some areas of expected improvement include throughput improvement with enhanced design flexibility, mitigation of filamentation damage by enabling thinner optics, and reduction in system complexity and price. Metasurface utilize engineered surface ‘layer’ with thickness on the order of the design wavelength, which consists of an array of sub-wavelength elements. Our methodology is based on scalable generation of sacrificial metal nanoparticle mask followed by directional etching to pattern the glass. The end-result all-glass metasurface has high laser damage durability, mechanical robustness, design flexibility and controllability of the metasurface features, and the ability to craft antireflective layers and basic optical elements. Recent advancements have been made resulting in ultra-broadband antireflective layers, induced birefringence in the glass for waveplates, and refined optical elements.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saaxewer Diop, Nicolas Bonod, M. Chorel, E. Lavastre, N. Roquin, Lilian Heymans, Pierre Brianceau, Laurent Gallais, L. Lamaignère
Multilayer dielectric (MLD) gratings provide high diffraction efficiency and a high damage threshold. They represent the main solution to compressing a high-power laser beam. However, the laser resistance of MLD gratings limits the power of such facilities. The community devoted a lot of resources to increasing the damage threshold of those components. Today, it is well known that the etching profile plays a key role in the electric field distribution and consequently the laser resistance. In this paper, we focused our optimization on the multilayer dielectric stack to increase the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT). We numerically and experimentally demonstrated the impact of the MLD stack on the electric field distribution and the LIDT. We manufactured two sets of three samples with identical etching profiles. The calculated electric field intensities were in good agreement with the measured LIDTs. These results demonstrated how to further optimize grating designs through the dielectric stack.
多层介质（MLD）光栅具有高衍射效率和高损坏阈值。它们是压缩高功率激光束的主要解决方案。然而，MLD光栅的激光阻抗限制了此类设备的功率。社会各界投入了大量资源来提高这些元件的损伤阈值。如今，众所周知，蚀刻轮廓在电场分布中起着关键作用，从而影响激光电阻。在本文中，我们重点优化了多层电介质堆栈，以提高激光诱导损伤阈值（LIDT）。我们通过数值和实验证明了 MLD 叠层对电场分布和 LIDT 的影响。我们制作了两组蚀刻曲线完全相同的三个样品。计算得出的电场强度与测量得到的 LIDT 非常吻合。这些结果表明了如何通过介电堆栈进一步优化光栅设计。
{"title":"Influence of the multilayer dielectric design on the laser damage resistance of pulse-compression gratings","authors":"Saaxewer Diop, Nicolas Bonod, M. Chorel, E. Lavastre, N. Roquin, Lilian Heymans, Pierre Brianceau, Laurent Gallais, L. Lamaignère","doi":"10.1117/12.2685304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2685304","url":null,"abstract":"Multilayer dielectric (MLD) gratings provide high diffraction efficiency and a high damage threshold. They represent the main solution to compressing a high-power laser beam. However, the laser resistance of MLD gratings limits the power of such facilities. The community devoted a lot of resources to increasing the damage threshold of those components. Today, it is well known that the etching profile plays a key role in the electric field distribution and consequently the laser resistance. In this paper, we focused our optimization on the multilayer dielectric stack to increase the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT). We numerically and experimentally demonstrated the impact of the MLD stack on the electric field distribution and the LIDT. We manufactured two sets of three samples with identical etching profiles. The calculated electric field intensities were in good agreement with the measured LIDTs. These results demonstrated how to further optimize grating designs through the dielectric stack.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sam Zilavy, Adam Argondizzo, Kyle Branigan, Gregg E. Davis
The power available in many industrial high-power 1 µm laser-cutting systems now exceeds 10 kW. To take advantage of that power, systems must be fast and nimble in order to accurately trace toolpaths at high speed. These power levels drive focusing head designs to be compact and lightweight. The best way to achieve this, in general, is with an all-transmissive design consisting of lenses and windows. The industry-standard material for lenses is fused silica, which has extremely low absorption. However, should the lens become contaminated, the poor thermal conductivity of fused silica traps much of the absorbed power inside the optic, raising its temperature and index of refraction, which causes the focus of the system to shift back toward the focusing head. At some point, the amount of focus shift becomes unsuitable for material processing and the focusing head must be replaced or refurbished with clean optics. Sapphire is an alternative lens material that until recently was only used in windows due to optical fabrication challenges in the polishing of aspheric surfaces. At Coherent Corp., we have overcome many of those challenges and currently offer sapphire aspheres. The key advantage of sapphire over fused silica is its relatively high thermal conductivity. This enables any absorbed power to quickly reach the edge of a sapphire optic where water-cooled mounts can remove the heat and keep the lens temperature low. Accounting for all the property differences between the two materials, sapphire should result in less focus shift than a comparable fused silica optic with the same absorbed power. The purpose of this study is to measure and compare the focus shift properties of the two materials in a controlled setting at high and low levels of absorbed power. Sapphire was also tested for laser-induced-damage threshold (LIDT) by Spica Technologies Inc.
{"title":"Sapphire optics for contamination resistance and extreme power density applications","authors":"Sam Zilavy, Adam Argondizzo, Kyle Branigan, Gregg E. Davis","doi":"10.1117/12.2685118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2685118","url":null,"abstract":"The power available in many industrial high-power 1 µm laser-cutting systems now exceeds 10 kW. To take advantage of that power, systems must be fast and nimble in order to accurately trace toolpaths at high speed. These power levels drive focusing head designs to be compact and lightweight. The best way to achieve this, in general, is with an all-transmissive design consisting of lenses and windows. The industry-standard material for lenses is fused silica, which has extremely low absorption. However, should the lens become contaminated, the poor thermal conductivity of fused silica traps much of the absorbed power inside the optic, raising its temperature and index of refraction, which causes the focus of the system to shift back toward the focusing head. At some point, the amount of focus shift becomes unsuitable for material processing and the focusing head must be replaced or refurbished with clean optics. Sapphire is an alternative lens material that until recently was only used in windows due to optical fabrication challenges in the polishing of aspheric surfaces. At Coherent Corp., we have overcome many of those challenges and currently offer sapphire aspheres. The key advantage of sapphire over fused silica is its relatively high thermal conductivity. This enables any absorbed power to quickly reach the edge of a sapphire optic where water-cooled mounts can remove the heat and keep the lens temperature low. Accounting for all the property differences between the two materials, sapphire should result in less focus shift than a comparable fused silica optic with the same absorbed power. The purpose of this study is to measure and compare the focus shift properties of the two materials in a controlled setting at high and low levels of absorbed power. Sapphire was also tested for laser-induced-damage threshold (LIDT) by Spica Technologies Inc.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We experimentally study single-shot laser ablation of GaSb, GaAs, GaP and GaN, for laser pulse durations ranging from 200 fs to 20 ps. We find that the laser ablation threshold fluence of GaSb is almost independent of pulse duration, whereas the ablation threshold for GaN depends strongly on pulse duration. More generally we find that the larger the bandgap, the stronger the dependence of pulse duration. This is expected, as intrinsic laser absorption is mainly linear when the bandgap is small compared to the photon energy, whereas a larger bandgap requires strong field ionization. Thus a larger bandgap leads to a stronger influence of the peak intensity of the pulse and therefore a stronger dependence on the pulse duration, when compared to smaller bandgaps.
我们通过实验研究了单次激光烧蚀 GaSb、GaAs、GaP 和 GaN 的情况，激光脉冲持续时间从 200 fs 到 20 ps 不等。我们发现 GaSb 的激光烧蚀阈值流量几乎与脉冲持续时间无关，而 GaN 的烧蚀阈值则与脉冲持续时间密切相关。一般来说，我们发现带隙越大，脉冲持续时间的依赖性就越强。这是意料之中的，因为当带隙与光子能量相比较小时，本征激光吸收主要是线性的，而带隙越大，需要的场电离就越强。因此，与较小的带隙相比，较大的带隙对脉冲峰值强度的影响更大，因此对脉冲持续时间的依赖性也更强。
{"title":"Pulse duration dependence of single-shot pulsed laser ablation of gallium based III-V compound semiconductors","authors":"Marnix Vreugdenhil, Dries van Oosten","doi":"10.1117/12.2685122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2685122","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally study single-shot laser ablation of GaSb, GaAs, GaP and GaN, for laser pulse durations ranging from 200 fs to 20 ps. We find that the laser ablation threshold fluence of GaSb is almost independent of pulse duration, whereas the ablation threshold for GaN depends strongly on pulse duration. More generally we find that the larger the bandgap, the stronger the dependence of pulse duration. This is expected, as intrinsic laser absorption is mainly linear when the bandgap is small compared to the photon energy, whereas a larger bandgap requires strong field ionization. Thus a larger bandgap leads to a stronger influence of the peak intensity of the pulse and therefore a stronger dependence on the pulse duration, when compared to smaller bandgaps.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139239782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radek Poboril, J. Vanda, Martin Mydlář, Helena Picmausova, M. Smrž, T. Mocek
This article is focused on the design of a beam delivery system based on hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. For our experiment, we chose a fiber with the Kagome structure developed by GLOphotonics. The central wavelength of the delivered beam was 1030 nm, so we chose the fiber PMC-C-Yb-7C. The first part of the article is a brief introduction to PERLA 100, the laser used for testing the efficiency of the beam delivery system developed by HiLASE Centre. The reader will be acquainted with the laser system parameters. The input beam parameters play an important role in the efficiency of focusing into the fiber. One of the key parameters is the M2 of the beam, as it has a direct effect on the size of the waist at the point of entry into the fiber. Another important parameter is the maximum energy in one pulse which can destroy the fiber structure. The size of the focusing point must match the size of the MFD of the fiber. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely define the size of the input beam into the focusing assembly with an accuracy of micrometers and to get rid of as many degrees of freedom as possible in the actual setup of the entire system. Another critical parameter is the size of the fiber input angle. The article aims to eliminate as many critical points as possible when setting up a focusing system and thus prevent damage to the fiber structure. One of the points is the simulation and calculation of the maximum possible loading of the fiber microstructure before its damage. With the help of gradual design modification, the aim is to achieve a coupling efficiency of more than 90 % by scaling the PERLA 100 output power from units of W up to 100 W.
{"title":"Damage mitigation in the Kagome hollow core fiber used for the delivery of short high-energy pulses","authors":"Radek Poboril, J. Vanda, Martin Mydlář, Helena Picmausova, M. Smrž, T. Mocek","doi":"10.1117/12.2642773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2642773","url":null,"abstract":"This article is focused on the design of a beam delivery system based on hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. For our experiment, we chose a fiber with the Kagome structure developed by GLOphotonics. The central wavelength of the delivered beam was 1030 nm, so we chose the fiber PMC-C-Yb-7C. The first part of the article is a brief introduction to PERLA 100, the laser used for testing the efficiency of the beam delivery system developed by HiLASE Centre. The reader will be acquainted with the laser system parameters. The input beam parameters play an important role in the efficiency of focusing into the fiber. One of the key parameters is the M2 of the beam, as it has a direct effect on the size of the waist at the point of entry into the fiber. Another important parameter is the maximum energy in one pulse which can destroy the fiber structure. The size of the focusing point must match the size of the MFD of the fiber. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely define the size of the input beam into the focusing assembly with an accuracy of micrometers and to get rid of as many degrees of freedom as possible in the actual setup of the entire system. Another critical parameter is the size of the fiber input angle. The article aims to eliminate as many critical points as possible when setting up a focusing system and thus prevent damage to the fiber structure. One of the points is the simulation and calculation of the maximum possible loading of the fiber microstructure before its damage. With the help of gradual design modification, the aim is to achieve a coupling efficiency of more than 90 % by scaling the PERLA 100 output power from units of W up to 100 W.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134343993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laser-induced contamination (LIC) can be a major concern of using UV laser systems. Surface contamination occurs via interactions between the UV laser and particulates, water vapor condensate, organics, and airborne molecular contaminates (AMC) from the environment or outgassing from system materials. A brief review of contamination of optics will lead into present results from long-term 355 nm quasi-CW laser transmission experiments at Edmund Optics. Time lapse microscopy was used to monitor nucleation and growth of surface contaminants. Laser burn boxes were constructed for use as a controlled UV LIC testbed; experimental results are presented on transmission losses for various material preparation methods.
{"title":"UV fatigue of laser optics: laser-induced contamination","authors":"B. Arnold, Cyrus Rashvand, L. Willis, M. Dabney","doi":"10.1117/12.2638404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2638404","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced contamination (LIC) can be a major concern of using UV laser systems. Surface contamination occurs via interactions between the UV laser and particulates, water vapor condensate, organics, and airborne molecular contaminates (AMC) from the environment or outgassing from system materials. A brief review of contamination of optics will lead into present results from long-term 355 nm quasi-CW laser transmission experiments at Edmund Optics. Time lapse microscopy was used to monitor nucleation and growth of surface contaminants. Laser burn boxes were constructed for use as a controlled UV LIC testbed; experimental results are presented on transmission losses for various material preparation methods.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123583953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne-Sophie Munser, M. Trost, C. Mühlig, Nora Tadewaldt, S. Kuhn, L. Coriand, Ulf Hallmeyer
Subsurface damage (SSD) in optical components is almost unavoidably caused by mechanical forces involved during grinding and polishing and can be a limiting factor, particularly for applications that require high laser powers. In this contribution, non-destructive characterization techniques are evaluated with respect to their capability to determine SSD in fused silica. For this, differently polished surfaces with different SSD levels have been prepared. An initial destructive analysis using etching in hydrofluoric acid in combination with white light interferometry revealed a high amount of SSD in one of the sample types compared to a very low amount of SSD in a second one. It is shown that nondestructive absorption as well as scattering measurements are sensitive towards SSD related differences in the samples. Finally, laser-induced damage tests proved a significant impact of SSD on the laser stability by determining a reduced damage threshold of 31 ± 3 J/cm² for the sample with high amount of SSD compared to 45 ± 5 J/cm² for the high-quality polished sample.
{"title":"Non-destructive testing of subsurface damage for early indication of laser-induced damage threshold in fused silica","authors":"Anne-Sophie Munser, M. Trost, C. Mühlig, Nora Tadewaldt, S. Kuhn, L. Coriand, Ulf Hallmeyer","doi":"10.1117/12.2642749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2642749","url":null,"abstract":"Subsurface damage (SSD) in optical components is almost unavoidably caused by mechanical forces involved during grinding and polishing and can be a limiting factor, particularly for applications that require high laser powers. In this contribution, non-destructive characterization techniques are evaluated with respect to their capability to determine SSD in fused silica. For this, differently polished surfaces with different SSD levels have been prepared. An initial destructive analysis using etching in hydrofluoric acid in combination with white light interferometry revealed a high amount of SSD in one of the sample types compared to a very low amount of SSD in a second one. It is shown that nondestructive absorption as well as scattering measurements are sensitive towards SSD related differences in the samples. Finally, laser-induced damage tests proved a significant impact of SSD on the laser stability by determining a reduced damage threshold of 31 ± 3 J/cm² for the sample with high amount of SSD compared to 45 ± 5 J/cm² for the high-quality polished sample.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129926274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Vanda, Martin Mydlář, Kateřina Pilná, H. Turčičova, Radek Poboril, J. Brajer, T. Mocek, B. Stoklasa, Stepan Venos
Laser-Induced Deep Etching (LIDE) is considered as the one of the most promising techniques for production of so-called TGVs (Through Glass Vias). In the production process, thin glass sheet is treated with ultra-short lasers pulses to induce surface and volume modification, allowing efficient wet etching and formation of through hole. Precise knowledge of damage threshold of such glass is essential when optimizing the whole process and scaling up the production via laser beam parallelization. In following paper, we present recent results on LIDT measurement of D263 glass sheets at wavelengths 1030 nm and 515 nm, effective utilization of such knowledge for setting up multi-Bessel beam processing optics, and we demonstrate resulting substrates with TGVs.
{"title":"LIDT testing as a tool for optimization of processing window for D263 glass sheet TGV treatment","authors":"J. Vanda, Martin Mydlář, Kateřina Pilná, H. Turčičova, Radek Poboril, J. Brajer, T. Mocek, B. Stoklasa, Stepan Venos","doi":"10.1117/12.2642866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2642866","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-Induced Deep Etching (LIDE) is considered as the one of the most promising techniques for production of so-called TGVs (Through Glass Vias). In the production process, thin glass sheet is treated with ultra-short lasers pulses to induce surface and volume modification, allowing efficient wet etching and formation of through hole. Precise knowledge of damage threshold of such glass is essential when optimizing the whole process and scaling up the production via laser beam parallelization. In following paper, we present recent results on LIDT measurement of D263 glass sheets at wavelengths 1030 nm and 515 nm, effective utilization of such knowledge for setting up multi-Bessel beam processing optics, and we demonstrate resulting substrates with TGVs.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127425554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Stysley, D. B. Coyle, M. Mullin, J. Rabinowitz, M. Trainer
The Dragonfly Mass Spectrometer (DraMS) being developed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center will use a solidstate 266-nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser to perform compositional analysis on the surface of Titan. Due to the high fluence of the focused pulse energy on the laser’s beam steering unit (BSU) and the mass spectrometer window, the damage threshold of these optics in a Titan atmosphere needed to be characterized. This paper details the test setup and the successful demonstration of testing the highest fluence optics for the expected mission duration of 2 million laser pulses in a Titanrelevant atmosphere.
{"title":"Damage threshold testing of UV optics under a Titan environment for NASA’s Dragonfly mission","authors":"P. Stysley, D. B. Coyle, M. Mullin, J. Rabinowitz, M. Trainer","doi":"10.1117/12.2642897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2642897","url":null,"abstract":"The Dragonfly Mass Spectrometer (DraMS) being developed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center will use a solidstate 266-nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser to perform compositional analysis on the surface of Titan. Due to the high fluence of the focused pulse energy on the laser’s beam steering unit (BSU) and the mass spectrometer window, the damage threshold of these optics in a Titan atmosphere needed to be characterized. This paper details the test setup and the successful demonstration of testing the highest fluence optics for the expected mission duration of 2 million laser pulses in a Titanrelevant atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115194623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Ramalis, R. Buzelis, Gustė Dolmantaitė, T. Tolenis
Optical elements are the main parts in laser system, which limit the total generated output power due to optical resistivity. The increase of beam diameter dimensions may compensate the optical performance of elements, however it leads to the increase of laser system size. Thus, any improvement in optical coatings has impact on either higher output power or lowering the size of system itself. Glancing angle deposition method is presented to produce porous nanostructured coatings, which are characterized by low inner stress. Multilayer Bragg mirrors are formed using only silica material to achieve high laser-induced damage threshold value. Laser conditioning effect is applied, to improve optical performance in ns regime and reach LIDT values over 180 J/cm2.
{"title":"Laser conditioning effect for all-silica mirrors","authors":"Lukas Ramalis, R. Buzelis, Gustė Dolmantaitė, T. Tolenis","doi":"10.1117/12.2641172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2641172","url":null,"abstract":"Optical elements are the main parts in laser system, which limit the total generated output power due to optical resistivity. The increase of beam diameter dimensions may compensate the optical performance of elements, however it leads to the increase of laser system size. Thus, any improvement in optical coatings has impact on either higher output power or lowering the size of system itself. Glancing angle deposition method is presented to produce porous nanostructured coatings, which are characterized by low inner stress. Multilayer Bragg mirrors are formed using only silica material to achieve high laser-induced damage threshold value. Laser conditioning effect is applied, to improve optical performance in ns regime and reach LIDT values over 180 J/cm2.","PeriodicalId":202227,"journal":{"name":"Laser Damage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130570344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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