Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2023.2185340
O. Uçak, M. Zago, J. Voglhuber, I. Cristofolini
ABSTRACT The anisotropy of dimensional change in compaction plane of rings made of three low alloyed steels was investigated as a function of green density and geometry. Increasing green density and (D ext–D int)/H ratio, the anisotropy of both shrinkage and swelling increases. A correlation with springback during ejection of the rings from die cavity after cold compaction was found. The ratio between the dimensional changes of diameters, as a function of the ratio between springback of diameters, describes a linear correlation intersecting point (1,1), representative of isotropic behaviour. This correlation confirms the hypothesis of an effect of micropores, generated in the green parts during ejection from die cavity, on dimensional change anisotropy. An analytical correlation was determined for the anisotropy of dimensional change in the compaction plane as a function of green density and geometrical parameter, which can be implemented in the design methodology accounting for the anisotropic dimensional change previously proposed.
{"title":"A study of the anisotropy of dimensional change in the compaction plane during sintering of low alloyed cold compacted steels","authors":"O. Uçak, M. Zago, J. Voglhuber, I. Cristofolini","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2023.2185340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2023.2185340","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The anisotropy of dimensional change in compaction plane of rings made of three low alloyed steels was investigated as a function of green density and geometry. Increasing green density and (D ext–D int)/H ratio, the anisotropy of both shrinkage and swelling increases. A correlation with springback during ejection of the rings from die cavity after cold compaction was found. The ratio between the dimensional changes of diameters, as a function of the ratio between springback of diameters, describes a linear correlation intersecting point (1,1), representative of isotropic behaviour. This correlation confirms the hypothesis of an effect of micropores, generated in the green parts during ejection from die cavity, on dimensional change anisotropy. An analytical correlation was determined for the anisotropy of dimensional change in the compaction plane as a function of green density and geometrical parameter, which can be implemented in the design methodology accounting for the anisotropic dimensional change previously proposed.","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47590196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2023.2177015
X. Jian, L. Xin, Cai Yunhe, Xingting Li, Yongqiang Lin, Jintao Xi
ABSTRACT The measurement and predictive functions of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper were studied. Needlelike and spherical carbamide was used as a space holder with volume content between 10 and 80%. One step of heat treatment for green compacts was applied to fabricate porous copper. A criterion for determining the uniformity of external dimensions of porous copper was proposed. The results showed that the mass follows the law of conservation and the height of porous copper decreased as the increase of spacer content while there was no regularity for the diameter. The porosity of porous copper calculated by the model equation method was equal to those of by the mass volume method. The theoretical formula obtained to describe the relationship between porosity and spacer content of porous copper intersects with the empirical formula. The results indicated that the measurement function of the model equation method was easier to play than the prediction function.
{"title":"The application of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper by using needlelike and spherical carbamide as a space holder","authors":"X. Jian, L. Xin, Cai Yunhe, Xingting Li, Yongqiang Lin, Jintao Xi","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2023.2177015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2023.2177015","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The measurement and predictive functions of the model equation method in the preparation of porous copper were studied. Needlelike and spherical carbamide was used as a space holder with volume content between 10 and 80%. One step of heat treatment for green compacts was applied to fabricate porous copper. A criterion for determining the uniformity of external dimensions of porous copper was proposed. The results showed that the mass follows the law of conservation and the height of porous copper decreased as the increase of spacer content while there was no regularity for the diameter. The porosity of porous copper calculated by the model equation method was equal to those of by the mass volume method. The theoretical formula obtained to describe the relationship between porosity and spacer content of porous copper intersects with the empirical formula. The results indicated that the measurement function of the model equation method was easier to play than the prediction function.","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46309143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-29DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2023.2171582
S. Graham, A. Patel, B. Fernández Silva, W. Stott, G. Baxter, M. Roscher, M. Jackson
ABSTRACT Metal additive manufacturing techniques typically operate using powders with limited particle size ranges, but atomisation processes produce significant amounts of particles outside these ranges, resulting in an accumulation of out-of-size specification metal powders without a clear use case. Field-assisted sintering technology (FAST) can provide an alternative, solid-state processing route to consolidate these powders into billets for subsequent processing, or directly into near-net shape components. In this study, surplus powders of A20X, an aerospace approved aluminium alloy developed by Aluminium Materials Technologies (ECKART GmbH), were processed using FAST and subsequently hot rolled to produce sheet material. Tensile properties were similar to hot rolled conventional cast material and comparable to additively manufactured product. This indicates that FAST is an effective option for converting surplus metal powders into useful products, while improving sustainability in the additive supply chain. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Solid-state processing of surplus aluminium alloy powders through a combination of field-assisted sintering technology and hot rolling","authors":"S. Graham, A. Patel, B. Fernández Silva, W. Stott, G. Baxter, M. Roscher, M. Jackson","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2023.2171582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2023.2171582","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Metal additive manufacturing techniques typically operate using powders with limited particle size ranges, but atomisation processes produce significant amounts of particles outside these ranges, resulting in an accumulation of out-of-size specification metal powders without a clear use case. Field-assisted sintering technology (FAST) can provide an alternative, solid-state processing route to consolidate these powders into billets for subsequent processing, or directly into near-net shape components. In this study, surplus powders of A20X, an aerospace approved aluminium alloy developed by Aluminium Materials Technologies (ECKART GmbH), were processed using FAST and subsequently hot rolled to produce sheet material. Tensile properties were similar to hot rolled conventional cast material and comparable to additively manufactured product. This indicates that FAST is an effective option for converting surplus metal powders into useful products, while improving sustainability in the additive supply chain. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42465224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-29DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2023.2170848
M. Schickbichler, S. Ramesh Babu, M. Hafok, C. Turk, G. Schneeberger, A. Fölzer, S. Michelic
ABSTRACT Powder metallurgical (PM) steels are characterised by a very high cleanness level. Single mesoscopic inclusions can nevertheless induce material failure under the extreme exposed stresses in the final product. Extensive knowledge about the cleanness of these steels is therefore essential. Various methods for inclusion analyses are available, providing different information about the non-metallic inclusion population present in the steel matrix. Several state-of-the-art methods of inclusion analysis are compared, considering morphological parameters and chemical composition of the detected inclusions as well as the required time effort and statistics behind the specific method. Tests were carried out with a standard PM steel HS6-5-3C. Combined with chemical extraction, automated SEM/EDS measurements enable a clear description of the microscopic cleanness level. Statistical analyses using the extreme value theory allowed the prediction of the maximum inclusion size in the investigated samples.
{"title":"Comparison of methods for characterising the steel cleanness in powder metallurgical high-speed steels","authors":"M. Schickbichler, S. Ramesh Babu, M. Hafok, C. Turk, G. Schneeberger, A. Fölzer, S. Michelic","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2023.2170848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2023.2170848","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Powder metallurgical (PM) steels are characterised by a very high cleanness level. Single mesoscopic inclusions can nevertheless induce material failure under the extreme exposed stresses in the final product. Extensive knowledge about the cleanness of these steels is therefore essential. Various methods for inclusion analyses are available, providing different information about the non-metallic inclusion population present in the steel matrix. Several state-of-the-art methods of inclusion analysis are compared, considering morphological parameters and chemical composition of the detected inclusions as well as the required time effort and statistics behind the specific method. Tests were carried out with a standard PM steel HS6-5-3C. Combined with chemical extraction, automated SEM/EDS measurements enable a clear description of the microscopic cleanness level. Statistical analyses using the extreme value theory allowed the prediction of the maximum inclusion size in the investigated samples.","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44525406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-17DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2023.2165760
L. Bolzoni, M. Jia, F. Yang
ABSTRACT The Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy is a cheaper α+β Ti alloy with mechanical performance comparable to those of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy whose cost could be further reduced by producing it via powder metallurgy. In this study, the effect of the thermomechanical deformation temperature on the properties of the Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy produced from elemental powders was studied. Furthermore, the effect of the modification of the microstructure via heat treatments on the properties of the forged billets was analysed. This study demonstrates that powder forging can successfully be used to manufacture α+β Ti alloys and the selection of the forging temperature significantly affects the mechanical behaviour, where the lower the forging temperature the stronger and the less ductile the material. The post-processing via solution treatment plus aging generally improves the mechanical properties of the Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy, especially in terms of ductility, without compromising the strength.
{"title":"Influence of powder forging and heat treatment conditions on the properties of the cost-effective Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy","authors":"L. Bolzoni, M. Jia, F. Yang","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2023.2165760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2023.2165760","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy is a cheaper α+β Ti alloy with mechanical performance comparable to those of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy whose cost could be further reduced by producing it via powder metallurgy. In this study, the effect of the thermomechanical deformation temperature on the properties of the Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy produced from elemental powders was studied. Furthermore, the effect of the modification of the microstructure via heat treatments on the properties of the forged billets was analysed. This study demonstrates that powder forging can successfully be used to manufacture α+β Ti alloys and the selection of the forging temperature significantly affects the mechanical behaviour, where the lower the forging temperature the stronger and the less ductile the material. The post-processing via solution treatment plus aging generally improves the mechanical properties of the Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloy, especially in terms of ductility, without compromising the strength.","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45032455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2022.2163551
Mahdi Mirzaaghaei, F. Qods, H. Arabi, M. Milani, B. Mohammad Sadeghi, M. Nourbakhsh
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate and fabricate a Ti64-bagasse ash (BA) composite using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. Accordingly, the samples were fabricated under partial densification. XRD analysis, optical and electron microscopy (SEM), hardness measurement, and bending test were used to study the phases formed, the morphology of powders, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the samples, respectively. The results showed that increasing the volume percentage of bagasse ash affected the mechanical properties of the samples in addition to the microstructure. It was also observed that in the samples containing 5 vol.% bagasse ash, in addition to a significant decrease in the value of elastic modulus, the sample fabricated contained pores with a wall composed of ceramic and metal. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Investigation of mechanical and microstructure characteristics of Ti64-bagasse ash composite produced by the SPS process","authors":"Mahdi Mirzaaghaei, F. Qods, H. Arabi, M. Milani, B. Mohammad Sadeghi, M. Nourbakhsh","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2022.2163551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2022.2163551","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate and fabricate a Ti64-bagasse ash (BA) composite using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. Accordingly, the samples were fabricated under partial densification. XRD analysis, optical and electron microscopy (SEM), hardness measurement, and bending test were used to study the phases formed, the morphology of powders, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the samples, respectively. The results showed that increasing the volume percentage of bagasse ash affected the mechanical properties of the samples in addition to the microstructure. It was also observed that in the samples containing 5 vol.% bagasse ash, in addition to a significant decrease in the value of elastic modulus, the sample fabricated contained pores with a wall composed of ceramic and metal. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45611087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2022.2163553
C. Ravikanth Reddy, K. Satya Prasad, B. Srinivasarao
ABSTRACT The hexagonal close-packed structure renders magnesium weak at room and high temperatures for structural applications despite its low density. Inducing thermally stable and coherent second phases would enhance/retain the strength of Mg-based alloys even at high temperatures. This paper aims to develop a high-strength Mg-based nanocomposite. A master alloy composed of Ni and Gd was cast and the composition of Mg97.56Ni1.22Gd1.22 (at.-%) was prepared using ball milling for 150 h. XRD plots of the as-milled powder having nano-size crystallites confirm the partial dissolution of the master alloy. Consolidation through sintering with 5, 7 and 9 h of exposure at 550°C and extrusion at 500°C resulted in the formation of Mg5Gd, Mg2Ni, Gd2O3 and MgO phases. The extruded samples possessed a high strength of 804 MPa, which can be attributed to ultra-fine grains and dispersoid strengthening by homogeneously distributed second-phase particles in the 100–200 nm range.
{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Ni–Gd alloy synthesised by powder metallurgy","authors":"C. Ravikanth Reddy, K. Satya Prasad, B. Srinivasarao","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2022.2163553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2022.2163553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The hexagonal close-packed structure renders magnesium weak at room and high temperatures for structural applications despite its low density. Inducing thermally stable and coherent second phases would enhance/retain the strength of Mg-based alloys even at high temperatures. This paper aims to develop a high-strength Mg-based nanocomposite. A master alloy composed of Ni and Gd was cast and the composition of Mg97.56Ni1.22Gd1.22 (at.-%) was prepared using ball milling for 150 h. XRD plots of the as-milled powder having nano-size crystallites confirm the partial dissolution of the master alloy. Consolidation through sintering with 5, 7 and 9 h of exposure at 550°C and extrusion at 500°C resulted in the formation of Mg5Gd, Mg2Ni, Gd2O3 and MgO phases. The extruded samples possessed a high strength of 804 MPa, which can be attributed to ultra-fine grains and dispersoid strengthening by homogeneously distributed second-phase particles in the 100–200 nm range.","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43305493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2023.2167630
T. Weissgärber, H. Danninger
On 26th January 2023, we commemorate the 100th birthday of Werner Schatt (1923-2009), one of the most eminent persons of powder metallurgy in the twentieth century and a pioneer in the science of sintering. Werner Schatt was born on 26th January 1923, in Friedrichroda in the forest of Thuringia, also known as ‘the green heart of Germany’. Although he lived in Dresden for more than 40 years of his life, he has always emphasised that he was a Thuringian and not a Saxonian. In his youth, Werner Schatt, who was born into a craftsman’s family, suffered from the consequences of World War I, such as inflation and the world economic crisis. He therefore grew up with a deeply engrained work ethic and sense of duty. He finished his high school education in Gotha in 1940, immediately followed by labour service and military service, which after having been trained as an officer he had to do at the Eastern Front. In 1944 he became a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union, from which he returned only in 1949, the conditions of captivity permanently affecting his health. After returning to Germany, at first he had to work in a foundry, where he deburred the cast components by hand, with hammer and chisel. In 1950, now 27 years old, he started his university studies of mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Dresden. He was one of the oldest students in his class but immediately was recognised by his mates as the most able student. In 1954, the eager ‘young’ man, motivated by a hunger for science, finished his diploma in the area of materials science. Professor Friedrich Eisenkolb, the renowned powder metallurgist, was the director of the Scientific Research Institute of Special Metallic Materials in Dresden at that time. Under his supervision, Werner Schatt did his Ph.D. on Al2O3-Cr composites. After his doctoral studies (1959), Schatt became the head of the metallurgy section in the Deutsches Amt für Materialund Warenprüfung (Materials and Product Testing Establishment, DAMW) in Magdeburg. In 1963, he was awarded a professorship in materials technology at the neighbouring institute founded and directed by Ernst Schiebold. After Schiebold’s death, he was assigned the deputy directorship of the institute; his directorial and management duties were combined with extensive teaching obligations. Werner Schatt finished his habilitation (venia docendi) at THMagdeburg with a thesis on ‘metallographic methods for the determination of the orientation of single crystals and polycrystals’. In 1966, he was appointed as the successor to Professor Friedrich Eisenkolb at the Institute for Materials Science at TH Dresden. In 1968, he received and accepted an official offer as a Full Professor of materials science. He headed the Research Area of the same name and was head of the research area materials technology until he was raised to Emeritus status in 1988 [1]. After commencing his appointment in Dresden, Schatt concentrated his research on powder metallurgy. He s
{"title":"On the 100th birthday of Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Werner Schatt","authors":"T. Weissgärber, H. Danninger","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2023.2167630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2023.2167630","url":null,"abstract":"On 26th January 2023, we commemorate the 100th birthday of Werner Schatt (1923-2009), one of the most eminent persons of powder metallurgy in the twentieth century and a pioneer in the science of sintering. Werner Schatt was born on 26th January 1923, in Friedrichroda in the forest of Thuringia, also known as ‘the green heart of Germany’. Although he lived in Dresden for more than 40 years of his life, he has always emphasised that he was a Thuringian and not a Saxonian. In his youth, Werner Schatt, who was born into a craftsman’s family, suffered from the consequences of World War I, such as inflation and the world economic crisis. He therefore grew up with a deeply engrained work ethic and sense of duty. He finished his high school education in Gotha in 1940, immediately followed by labour service and military service, which after having been trained as an officer he had to do at the Eastern Front. In 1944 he became a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union, from which he returned only in 1949, the conditions of captivity permanently affecting his health. After returning to Germany, at first he had to work in a foundry, where he deburred the cast components by hand, with hammer and chisel. In 1950, now 27 years old, he started his university studies of mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Dresden. He was one of the oldest students in his class but immediately was recognised by his mates as the most able student. In 1954, the eager ‘young’ man, motivated by a hunger for science, finished his diploma in the area of materials science. Professor Friedrich Eisenkolb, the renowned powder metallurgist, was the director of the Scientific Research Institute of Special Metallic Materials in Dresden at that time. Under his supervision, Werner Schatt did his Ph.D. on Al2O3-Cr composites. After his doctoral studies (1959), Schatt became the head of the metallurgy section in the Deutsches Amt für Materialund Warenprüfung (Materials and Product Testing Establishment, DAMW) in Magdeburg. In 1963, he was awarded a professorship in materials technology at the neighbouring institute founded and directed by Ernst Schiebold. After Schiebold’s death, he was assigned the deputy directorship of the institute; his directorial and management duties were combined with extensive teaching obligations. Werner Schatt finished his habilitation (venia docendi) at THMagdeburg with a thesis on ‘metallographic methods for the determination of the orientation of single crystals and polycrystals’. In 1966, he was appointed as the successor to Professor Friedrich Eisenkolb at the Institute for Materials Science at TH Dresden. In 1968, he received and accepted an official offer as a Full Professor of materials science. He headed the Research Area of the same name and was head of the research area materials technology until he was raised to Emeritus status in 1988 [1]. After commencing his appointment in Dresden, Schatt concentrated his research on powder metallurgy. He s","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41927023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2022.2162204
I. I. López-López, J. J. Morales, J. Solis, J. Lemus, J. A. Verduzco
ABSTRACT This work reports the effect of micro strain of soft magnetic materials obtained by low-energy ball milling. It has been observed that the low energy of the ball milling changes the magnetic domain size, increasing magnetisation, remanence and magnetic permeability of the milled powders as ferromagnetic particles. It is due to the increase of linear defects and the increase of lattice strain. The magnetisation M S increases up to 70% by the accumulation of crystalline defects, although M S decreases with the reduction of particle size, due to the connections of voids between the lines of magnetisation across the crystalline defects obtained by milling. This response is produced by the cold working through the ball milling.
{"title":"Effect of low energy milling processes on the magnetic properties of Fe–Ni–Co soft magnetic materials","authors":"I. I. López-López, J. J. Morales, J. Solis, J. Lemus, J. A. Verduzco","doi":"10.1080/00325899.2022.2162204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2022.2162204","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work reports the effect of micro strain of soft magnetic materials obtained by low-energy ball milling. It has been observed that the low energy of the ball milling changes the magnetic domain size, increasing magnetisation, remanence and magnetic permeability of the milled powders as ferromagnetic particles. It is due to the increase of linear defects and the increase of lattice strain. The magnetisation M S increases up to 70% by the accumulation of crystalline defects, although M S decreases with the reduction of particle size, due to the connections of voids between the lines of magnetisation across the crystalline defects obtained by milling. This response is produced by the cold working through the ball milling.","PeriodicalId":20392,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46276144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.1080/00325899.2022.2146889
Tobias Koch, Hans Joachim Particke
Peter Vervoort has worked in the powder metallurgy industry for many decades, in various companies. For the last nine years, he was working at the furnace manufacturer ONEJOON GmbH (formerly Eisenmann Thermal Solutions). As Vice President, he was responsible for the business area Global Technology and played a major role in the development and establishment of ONEJOON’s Test Center. Peter Vervoort was always excited about his profession. His excitement for technological developments and complex challenges not only inspired his co-workers, but also colleagues and customers worldwide. His vast expertise, creativeness and ability to view the customer’s challenges from their perspective and embrace their goals have been remarkable. He did this with the knowledge of an academically trained analyst and developer who picked up the gauge himself from time to time and set his hands on the furnace. Mr Vervoort devoted his interest to the invention and advancement of procedures, plant concepts as well as innovative applications and technologies. He played a leading role in the successful entry of ONEJOON into the Battery & Powder Materials market. Moreover, Peter Vervoort was a renowned expert in the field of powder metallurgy and an active member of national and international boards. He was a much soughtafter speaker at conferences and author of articles and books. The technological education of young people was a matter close to his heart. He successfully strengthened co-operations with universities. Within his company, both students at the Test Center and colleagues benefited from his didactic talent through personal discussions or ONEJOON Campus lectures. His team could always approach him and he was a mentor who communicated on eye level. Peter was also a regular member of the Technical Committee, session chair and speaker in EPMA congresses, and lecturer in many other EPMA events, including several Powder Metallurgy Summer Schools – the last time in June 2022 but also in many earlier editions – where he covered the fields of sintering practice and furnace technology, transferring his enthusiasm for powder metallurgy to the next generation. With his exemplary engagement, distinct sense of responsibility and charisma, he gained lasting reputation within and outside his company. Peter will be honourably remembered by all who had the privilege to know him and work with him.
Peter Vervoort在多家公司的粉末冶金行业工作了几十年。在过去的九年里，他一直在熔炉制造商ONEJOON GmbH（前身为艾森曼热解决方案公司）工作。作为副总裁，他负责全球技术业务领域，并在ONEOON测试中心的开发和建立中发挥了重要作用。Peter Vervoort总是对自己的职业感到兴奋。他对技术发展和复杂挑战的兴奋不仅激励了他的同事，也激励了世界各地的同事和客户。他丰富的专业知识、创造力以及从客户的角度看待客户挑战并实现目标的能力都非常出色。他是在一位受过学术培训的分析师和开发人员的知识下完成这项工作的，他自己不时拿起仪表，把手放在炉子上。Vervoort先生致力于程序、植物概念以及创新应用和技术的发明和进步。他在ONEOON成功进入电池和粉末材料市场的过程中发挥了主导作用。此外，Peter Vervoort是粉末冶金领域的著名专家，也是国家和国际委员会的积极成员。他在会议上是一位非常受欢迎的演讲者，也是文章和书籍的作者。对年轻人的技术教育是他非常关心的问题。他成功地加强了与大学的合作。在他的公司内，测试中心的学生和同事都通过个人讨论或ONEJOON校园讲座受益于他的教学天赋。他的团队总是可以接近他，他是一位用眼睛交流的导师。Peter还是技术委员会的固定成员、EPMA大会的会议主席和发言人，并在许多其他EPMA活动中担任讲师，包括几所粉末冶金暑期学校——上一次是在2022年6月，但也在许多早期版本中——他在会上涵盖了烧结实践和熔炉技术领域，将他对粉末冶金的热情传递给下一代。凭借他堪称楷模的敬业精神、独特的责任感和魅力，他在公司内外赢得了持久的声誉。所有有幸认识彼得并与他共事的人都将永远怀念他。
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