Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0078
Debojyoti Datta
A major worldwide health problem is osteoporosis, particularly in older people. There are restrictions on current therapies, such as anti-resorptive medications. Promising techniques including stem cell treatment, gene therapy, and growth factors are available in regenerative medicine. Preclinical and clinical research indicate promise for mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Enhancing bone regeneration with gene therapy that targets osteogenic factors such as BMPs is a promising approach. In order to mend bones, growth factors, cytokines, and scaffold materials are essential. Realising the benefits of regenerative medicine in treating osteoporosis requires cooperation and ongoing research, despite obstacles such limited clinical acceptability and regulatory barriers.
{"title":"Exploring regenerative medicine strategies for osteoporosis treatment: Progress, potential, and hurdles","authors":"Debojyoti Datta","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0078","url":null,"abstract":"A major worldwide health problem is osteoporosis, particularly in older people. There are restrictions on current therapies, such as anti-resorptive medications. Promising techniques including stem cell treatment, gene therapy, and growth factors are available in regenerative medicine. Preclinical and clinical research indicate promise for mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Enhancing bone regeneration with gene therapy that targets osteogenic factors such as BMPs is a promising approach. In order to mend bones, growth factors, cytokines, and scaffold materials are essential. Realising the benefits of regenerative medicine in treating osteoporosis requires cooperation and ongoing research, despite obstacles such limited clinical acceptability and regulatory barriers.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0077
Adithya S L, Aparna Anil, Ajima K S, Neehar M Shanavas, Shaiju S Dharan, Amal A, Dhanya Dharman
Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) is a potent intracellular inhibitor of tyrosine kinase receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3, fibroblast growth factor receptors α and β, and non-receptors members of the Src family [1]. By binding competitively to the adenosine triphosphate sites of these receptors, Nintedanib blocks autophosphorylation and so inhibits the downstream intracellular signalling cascades necessary for the proliferation, migration and survival of endothelial cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts [2]. Nintedanib is approved in the European Union in combination with docetaxel for the treatment of Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) of adenocarcinoma histology after first-line chemotherapy and for the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) [3-5].We report a patient, who was admitted at Gastroenterology department with complaints of itching, yellowish discolouration of eyes, concentrated urine for 1 month & cough with shortness of breath for 3 days.He was taking treatment for Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension for past 5 & 8 years respectively. The patient also had a medical history of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) and was taking Cap Nintedanib for 1 month.
{"title":"Nintedanib induced liver injury: A rare case report","authors":"Adithya S L, Aparna Anil, Ajima K S, Neehar M Shanavas, Shaiju S Dharan, Amal A, Dhanya Dharman","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) is a potent intracellular inhibitor of tyrosine kinase receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3, fibroblast growth factor receptors α and β, and non-receptors members of the Src family [1]. By binding competitively to the adenosine triphosphate sites of these receptors, Nintedanib blocks autophosphorylation and so inhibits the downstream intracellular signalling cascades necessary for the proliferation, migration and survival of endothelial cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts [2]. Nintedanib is approved in the European Union in combination with docetaxel for the treatment of Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) of adenocarcinoma histology after first-line chemotherapy and for the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) [3-5].We report a patient, who was admitted at Gastroenterology department with complaints of itching, yellowish discolouration of eyes, concentrated urine for 1 month & cough with shortness of breath for 3 days.He was taking treatment for Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension for past 5 & 8 years respectively. The patient also had a medical history of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) and was taking Cap Nintedanib for 1 month.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"135 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0043
Akhil Mehrotra, Mohammad Shaban
Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is generally associated with a poorer prognosis in comparison to normal intraventricular conduction. LBBB may be the first manifestation of a more diffuse myocardial disease. The typical surface ECG feature of LBBB is a prolongation of QRS above 0.11s in combination with a delay of the intrinsic deflection in leads V5 and V6 of more than 60 ms and no septal q waves in leads I, V5, and V6 due to the abnormal septal activation from right to left. LBBB may induce abnormalities in left ventricular performance due to abnormal asynchronous contraction patterns. Asynchronous electrical activation of the ventricles causes regional differences in workload which may lead to asymmetric hypertrophy and left ventricular dilatation, especially due to increased wall mass in late-activated regions, which may aggravate preexisting left ventricular pumping performance or even induce it. In left bundle branch block (LBBB), the ventricles are activated in a sequential manner with alterations in left ventricular mechanics, perfusion, and workload resulting in cardiac remodeling. Underlying molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes manifest clinically as changes in size, mass, geometry, and function of the heart. Cardiac remodeling is associated with progressive ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and impaired prognosis. Clinical and diagnostic notions about LBBB have evolved from a simple electrocardiographic alteration to a critically important finding affecting diagnostic and clinical management of many patients. Advances in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging have significantly improved the assessment of patients with LBBB and provided additional insights into pathophysiological mechanisms of left ventricular remodeling. We are presenting an interesting case report of LBBB cardiomyopathy in an octogenarian adult who was referred to us for detailed color echocardiographic assessment.
{"title":"Left Bundle Branch Block Cardiomyopathy in an octogenarian: 4Dimensional XStrain Echocardiography assessment and review of literature","authors":"Akhil Mehrotra, Mohammad Shaban","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is generally associated with a poorer prognosis in comparison to normal intraventricular conduction. LBBB may be the first manifestation of a more diffuse myocardial disease. The typical surface ECG feature of LBBB is a prolongation of QRS above 0.11s in combination with a delay of the intrinsic deflection in leads V5 and V6 of more than 60 ms and no septal q waves in leads I, V5, and V6 due to the abnormal septal activation from right to left. LBBB may induce abnormalities in left ventricular performance due to abnormal asynchronous contraction patterns. Asynchronous electrical activation of the ventricles causes regional differences in workload which may lead to asymmetric hypertrophy and left ventricular dilatation, especially due to increased wall mass in late-activated regions, which may aggravate preexisting left ventricular pumping performance or even induce it. In left bundle branch block (LBBB), the ventricles are activated in a sequential manner with alterations in left ventricular mechanics, perfusion, and workload resulting in cardiac remodeling. Underlying molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes manifest clinically as changes in size, mass, geometry, and function of the heart. Cardiac remodeling is associated with progressive ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and impaired prognosis. Clinical and diagnostic notions about LBBB have evolved from a simple electrocardiographic alteration to a critically important finding affecting diagnostic and clinical management of many patients. Advances in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging have significantly improved the assessment of patients with LBBB and provided additional insights into pathophysiological mechanisms of left ventricular remodeling. We are presenting an interesting case report of LBBB cardiomyopathy in an octogenarian adult who was referred to us for detailed color echocardiographic assessment.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0063
Arlette Michelle DONGMO, Faustin ATEMKENG TSATEDEM, Boris AMOUGOU, David Douglas BANGA NKOMO, Joseph FONDOP, Faustin Leroy GUIFO, Louis Joss BITANG A MAFOK, Alain MEFIRE CHICHOM, Marcellin NGOWE NGOWE
Retroperitoneal hematomas are very rare and possibly fatal complications of hernia surgery. In this study, we report the case of a 24-year-old patient who developed a massive left preperitoneal and retroperitoneal hematoma following vessel injury during Shouldice hernia repair. Despite a packing during haemostasis surgery and being well resuscitated, the patient died in haemorrhagic shock. This case highlights the importance of early detection of signs of postoperative bleeding in the outcome of patients undergoing hernia repair.
{"title":"A case of massive retroperitoneal hematoma secondary to hernia repair and review of the literature","authors":"Arlette Michelle DONGMO, Faustin ATEMKENG TSATEDEM, Boris AMOUGOU, David Douglas BANGA NKOMO, Joseph FONDOP, Faustin Leroy GUIFO, Louis Joss BITANG A MAFOK, Alain MEFIRE CHICHOM, Marcellin NGOWE NGOWE","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0063","url":null,"abstract":"Retroperitoneal hematomas are very rare and possibly fatal complications of hernia surgery. In this study, we report the case of a 24-year-old patient who developed a massive left preperitoneal and retroperitoneal hematoma following vessel injury during Shouldice hernia repair. Despite a packing during haemostasis surgery and being well resuscitated, the patient died in haemorrhagic shock. This case highlights the importance of early detection of signs of postoperative bleeding in the outcome of patients undergoing hernia repair.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"549 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0050
Maher A J. Alasasleh, Raafat Hani Aburumman, Arafat Khalaf Alzoubi, Hala Abdel Hamid Al Najada, Mohammad Wa'el Hindeyeh
Background: Schizophrenia leads to multifunctional disability, characterized by cognitive and social impairments, everyday skill and self-assessment difficulties, and negative symptoms. Long-term clinical stability, often achieved with antipsychotics, improves everyday functioning. Aim: The goal is to determine to determine the efficacy of different antipsychotic classes (%Prob of APDs' Resp) and adherence rates, as measured by the Behavioural Adherence Rating Scale (BARS). Methods: The study focuses on schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in adults and elderly psychiatric patients, using established diagnostic systems. The observational and retrospective study will be conducted at the Princess Aisha Bint Al Hussein Medical Centre from January 2021 to January 2023. The study will use positive and negative symptom domains to measure initial severity and assess ideal values for antipsychotic drugs. A Chi Square test will be used to analyze distribution rates and odds ratios. The study will use SPSS version 25 with a 5% significance level. Results: The binary logistic regression model was created using patient adherence patterns evaluated using BARS. The model aimed to predict positive responsiveness (Δ PANSS≥20%) and negative responsiveness (Δ PANSS<20%) using patient data. The model accurately identified 94.4% of cases, with a chi-square value of 4.412 and a p-value of 0.818. BARS testing revealed a probable range of APDs' reaction from 64.4% to 88.2%, with individuals determining this range. The study suggests that the specific range may be different depending on the Cox & Snell R2 or Nagelkerke R2 procedures used, but all factors should be considered. The model's accuracy is significant, and the findings suggest that individuals are responsible for determining this range. Conclusion: The study reveals that psychotic individuals require 68.5% adherence for optimal responsiveness. Adding LAIAP to oral APDs enhances responsiveness.
{"title":"Optimal values exploration for responsiveness rates in stable and unstable schizophrenic patients","authors":"Maher A J. Alasasleh, Raafat Hani Aburumman, Arafat Khalaf Alzoubi, Hala Abdel Hamid Al Najada, Mohammad Wa'el Hindeyeh","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0050","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Schizophrenia leads to multifunctional disability, characterized by cognitive and social impairments, everyday skill and self-assessment difficulties, and negative symptoms. Long-term clinical stability, often achieved with antipsychotics, improves everyday functioning. Aim: The goal is to determine to determine the efficacy of different antipsychotic classes (%Prob of APDs' Resp) and adherence rates, as measured by the Behavioural Adherence Rating Scale (BARS). Methods: The study focuses on schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in adults and elderly psychiatric patients, using established diagnostic systems. The observational and retrospective study will be conducted at the Princess Aisha Bint Al Hussein Medical Centre from January 2021 to January 2023. The study will use positive and negative symptom domains to measure initial severity and assess ideal values for antipsychotic drugs. A Chi Square test will be used to analyze distribution rates and odds ratios. The study will use SPSS version 25 with a 5% significance level. Results: The binary logistic regression model was created using patient adherence patterns evaluated using BARS. The model aimed to predict positive responsiveness (Δ PANSS≥20%) and negative responsiveness (Δ PANSS<20%) using patient data. The model accurately identified 94.4% of cases, with a chi-square value of 4.412 and a p-value of 0.818. BARS testing revealed a probable range of APDs' reaction from 64.4% to 88.2%, with individuals determining this range. The study suggests that the specific range may be different depending on the Cox & Snell R2 or Nagelkerke R2 procedures used, but all factors should be considered. The model's accuracy is significant, and the findings suggest that individuals are responsible for determining this range. Conclusion: The study reveals that psychotic individuals require 68.5% adherence for optimal responsiveness. Adding LAIAP to oral APDs enhances responsiveness.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"64 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood stream infections (BSIs) account for major cause of morbidity and mortality. Conventional hemoculture methods are time consuming, with poor sensitivity and high risk of contamination. Automated blood culture systems are highly sensitive but are overpriced. Hence, it is not suitable for resource poor settings. In this background, this study was done to analyze the sensitivity of novel non automated chemical sensor-based blood culture and to compare the time to detection of both conventional and colorimetric method of blood culture. Blood specimens were collected from 50 study participants, admitted with suspected sepsis, inoculated into the colorcult & conventional culture media and processed as per CLSI guidelines. Culture positive by both conventional and colorcult method was six (12%). Most of the study isolates were Gram negative bacteria (83.4%). The isolates were detected at the earliest within 96 hours by colorcult, whereas by conventional method only three (50 %) were detected within 96 hours and another three (50%) after seven days only. Owing to the escalation in BSIs associated morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis by a simple, cost effective, highly sensitive and specific method is an absolute necessity in resource poor settings. The performance of colorcult is superior to conventional method but cost effective than automated methods and can be used as an alternative method in the diagnosis of BSIs.
{"title":"A novel Colorcult hemoculture in early diagnosis of blood stream infection: A boon in meagre resources","authors":"Cinthujah Balachander, Priya Sundararajan, Vasanth Selvaraj Kailaiselvi, Poongodi Santhana kumarasamy","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0045","url":null,"abstract":"Blood stream infections (BSIs) account for major cause of morbidity and mortality. Conventional hemoculture methods are time consuming, with poor sensitivity and high risk of contamination. Automated blood culture systems are highly sensitive but are overpriced. Hence, it is not suitable for resource poor settings. In this background, this study was done to analyze the sensitivity of novel non automated chemical sensor-based blood culture and to compare the time to detection of both conventional and colorimetric method of blood culture. Blood specimens were collected from 50 study participants, admitted with suspected sepsis, inoculated into the colorcult & conventional culture media and processed as per CLSI guidelines. Culture positive by both conventional and colorcult method was six (12%). Most of the study isolates were Gram negative bacteria (83.4%). The isolates were detected at the earliest within 96 hours by colorcult, whereas by conventional method only three (50 %) were detected within 96 hours and another three (50%) after seven days only. Owing to the escalation in BSIs associated morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis by a simple, cost effective, highly sensitive and specific method is an absolute necessity in resource poor settings. The performance of colorcult is superior to conventional method but cost effective than automated methods and can be used as an alternative method in the diagnosis of BSIs.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"119 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140422200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cytotoxic evaluation of Curcumin and Quercetin in MCF-7 cell lines was performed to assess their potential anticancer activity. MCF-7 is a widely used breast cancer cell line, and evaluating the cytotoxic effects of the compounds on these cells can provide valuable information about their potential as an anticancer agent. Curcumin, a naturally occurring compound found in turmeric, has been extensively studied for its potential anticancer properties, including its effects on MCF-7 cell lines. MCF-7 cells are commonly used as a model for studying breast cancer. Quercetin, a flavonoid found in various fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods, has also been studied for its potential anticancer effects, including its effects on MCF-7 cell lines. The combination of curcumin and quercetin has been investigated for its potential synergistic effects on MCF-7 cell lines, aiming to enhance the anticancer activity of both compounds. The synergistic effects observed in the combination of curcumin and quercetin on MCF-7 cells suggests that the compounds may act through complementary mechanisms, enhancing their individual anticancer activities.
{"title":"Cytotoxic evaluation of curcumin and quercetin in MCF-7 cell lines","authors":"Devi Senthil, Venkateswaran Velliyagounder, Lakshmi Kanakaraj","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0048","url":null,"abstract":"Cytotoxic evaluation of Curcumin and Quercetin in MCF-7 cell lines was performed to assess their potential anticancer activity. MCF-7 is a widely used breast cancer cell line, and evaluating the cytotoxic effects of the compounds on these cells can provide valuable information about their potential as an anticancer agent. Curcumin, a naturally occurring compound found in turmeric, has been extensively studied for its potential anticancer properties, including its effects on MCF-7 cell lines. MCF-7 cells are commonly used as a model for studying breast cancer. Quercetin, a flavonoid found in various fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods, has also been studied for its potential anticancer effects, including its effects on MCF-7 cell lines. The combination of curcumin and quercetin has been investigated for its potential synergistic effects on MCF-7 cell lines, aiming to enhance the anticancer activity of both compounds. The synergistic effects observed in the combination of curcumin and quercetin on MCF-7 cells suggests that the compounds may act through complementary mechanisms, enhancing their individual anticancer activities.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"16 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0099
Christy T Chacko, Nandana Krishnan, Sahala Nafeesath Missriya, Mukhthar Ali T, Jishnu OK, Shabaraya AR
The Pharmacy Practice Regulations of 2015 were formulated to standardize and enhance pharmacy practices in India. Community pharmacy professionals globally are taking on expanded roles in patient care and health promotion. However, some lack awareness of recommended pharmaceutical care services in new regulations. This knowledge gap poses risks of medication errors and serious consequences, even patient fatalities. To address this, it's crucial to provide ongoing education, enhance communication, integrate technology, ensure regulatory compliance, and establish effective feedback mechanisms within pharmacies. These measures aim to improve knowledge, compliance, and, ultimately, patient safety. This study, conducted in Mangalore over a period of approximately 2.5 months, is a community-based cross-sectional study with a sample size of 100 participants. It included community pharmacists working in Mangalore. Knowledge of community pharmacists were analysed and it was found that out of 100 participants only 18% were aware, 60% were not aware and 22% were not sure about the PPR,2015. In this study, 42% of participants were not aware of the duties outlined in PPR,2015. Among the surveyed pharmacists, 55% believed that adhering to Pharmacy Practice Regulations was essential for improving patient healthcare. In contrast, 20% held the opinion that following these regulations was unnecessary, while 28% expressed uncertainty on the matter. Mandating minimum education level for working in community pharmacies should be implemented. Practicing pharmacists should be encouraged to update their knowledge by attending continuous education programmes. The morals and responsibilities of community pharmacists should be continuously reminded to the pharmacists.
{"title":"Assessment of knowledge, attitude, perception towards pharmacy practice regulations 2015 among community pharmacists in Mangalore","authors":"Christy T Chacko, Nandana Krishnan, Sahala Nafeesath Missriya, Mukhthar Ali T, Jishnu OK, Shabaraya AR","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0099","url":null,"abstract":"The Pharmacy Practice Regulations of 2015 were formulated to standardize and enhance pharmacy practices in India. Community pharmacy professionals globally are taking on expanded roles in patient care and health promotion. However, some lack awareness of recommended pharmaceutical care services in new regulations. This knowledge gap poses risks of medication errors and serious consequences, even patient fatalities. To address this, it's crucial to provide ongoing education, enhance communication, integrate technology, ensure regulatory compliance, and establish effective feedback mechanisms within pharmacies. These measures aim to improve knowledge, compliance, and, ultimately, patient safety. This study, conducted in Mangalore over a period of approximately 2.5 months, is a community-based cross-sectional study with a sample size of 100 participants. It included community pharmacists working in Mangalore. Knowledge of community pharmacists were analysed and it was found that out of 100 participants only 18% were aware, 60% were not aware and 22% were not sure about the PPR,2015. In this study, 42% of participants were not aware of the duties outlined in PPR,2015. Among the surveyed pharmacists, 55% believed that adhering to Pharmacy Practice Regulations was essential for improving patient healthcare. In contrast, 20% held the opinion that following these regulations was unnecessary, while 28% expressed uncertainty on the matter. Mandating minimum education level for working in community pharmacies should be implemented. Practicing pharmacists should be encouraged to update their knowledge by attending continuous education programmes. The morals and responsibilities of community pharmacists should be continuously reminded to the pharmacists.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0086
Alexandros Argyriadis, Agathi Argyriadi
Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) has been instrumental in developing evidence-based guidelines to address mental, neurological, and substance use disorders through its Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). These guidelines provide essential recommendations for healthcare professionals to deliver effective care in non-specialized health settings. Aim: This article aims to review and analyze the updated WHO guidelines on the mhGAP intervention for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, focusing on their significance, content, and implications for clinical practice. Methods: A comprehensive review of the WHO documents published in 2023, including the "mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings" and the "Update of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) guidelines for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, 2015," was conducted. The review examines the scope of the guidelines, their recommendations, and the evidence supporting them. Results: The updated WHO guidelines cover a wide range of mental health conditions, including alcohol use disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, and more. Each guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, with the aim of improving access to quality mental health care in diverse healthcare settings. The guidelines are freely accessible online through the WHO's mhGAP Evidence Resource Centre website, offering detailed evidence profiles and recommendations for healthcare professionals. Conclusions: The WHO guidelines on the mhGAP represent a critical resource for healthcare professionals worldwide, offering evidence-based guidance for the delivery of mental health care. By providing standardized recommendations informed by the best available evidence, these guidelines support the implementation of evidence-based practice and contribute to improved patient outcomes. The WHO's commitment to updating and disseminating these guidelines underscores its dedication to promoting mental health equity and advancing evidence-based care globally.
{"title":"WHO Guidelines about Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) for mental, neurological and substance use disorders: Review and Comments","authors":"Alexandros Argyriadis, Agathi Argyriadi","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0086","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) has been instrumental in developing evidence-based guidelines to address mental, neurological, and substance use disorders through its Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). These guidelines provide essential recommendations for healthcare professionals to deliver effective care in non-specialized health settings. Aim: This article aims to review and analyze the updated WHO guidelines on the mhGAP intervention for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, focusing on their significance, content, and implications for clinical practice. Methods: A comprehensive review of the WHO documents published in 2023, including the \"mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings\" and the \"Update of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) guidelines for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, 2015,\" was conducted. The review examines the scope of the guidelines, their recommendations, and the evidence supporting them. Results: The updated WHO guidelines cover a wide range of mental health conditions, including alcohol use disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, and more. Each guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, with the aim of improving access to quality mental health care in diverse healthcare settings. The guidelines are freely accessible online through the WHO's mhGAP Evidence Resource Centre website, offering detailed evidence profiles and recommendations for healthcare professionals. Conclusions: The WHO guidelines on the mhGAP represent a critical resource for healthcare professionals worldwide, offering evidence-based guidance for the delivery of mental health care. By providing standardized recommendations informed by the best available evidence, these guidelines support the implementation of evidence-based practice and contribute to improved patient outcomes. The WHO's commitment to updating and disseminating these guidelines underscores its dedication to promoting mental health equity and advancing evidence-based care globally.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0066
Ojoye N. Briggs, Kemzi N. Elechi-Amadi, Jack G. Tetam, Tarila N. Aleruchi-Didia, Woka P. Uchechukwu
Erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation and pleasure seeking have increased the use of sildenafil citrate, tramadol and their combination by youths who believe these drugs could positively impact their sexual life. Sildenafil citrate and tramadol are metabolized in the liver, and their by-products excreted through the kidneys, making these organs possible targets for toxicity. Aim: This study evaluates the effects of combination of tramadol and sildenafil citrate on hepatic and renal function parameters in male albino rats. Methodology: A total of forty-nine (49) male albino rats weighing between 150 to 180g were used for the study. Sildenafil citrate and tramadol were administered to the rats by means of oral gavage for 28 days. The liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined using the Reitman-Frankel method. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was determined using the Colorimetric endpoint method. Total protein (TP) was determined using the biuret method. Albumin (ALB) was determined using the bromocresol green method. Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (CL-) were determined using ion selective electrode (ISE) method. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) was determined using titrimetric method. Urea was determined using Urease bertholet method. Creatinine was determined using Jaffe-Slot method. Results: There were no significant differences (P>.05) in the liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP in all the treatment groups compared to the negative control. Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) also showed no significant differences (P>.05) in the groups, compared to the negative control. there were no significant differences (P>.05) in the electrolyte levels in the treatment groups, compared to the negative control. Urea and creatinine levels were also not significantly different (P>.05) in the treatment groups, compared to the negative control. Conclusion: Administration of sildenafil citrate singularly and in combination with tramadol, at recommended and double doses for 28 days, did not impact the liver and was also non-toxic to the kidneys.
{"title":"Effects of combination of tramadol and sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on hepatic and renal function parameters in Male Albino Rats","authors":"Ojoye N. Briggs, Kemzi N. Elechi-Amadi, Jack G. Tetam, Tarila N. Aleruchi-Didia, Woka P. Uchechukwu","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.17.2.0066","url":null,"abstract":"Erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation and pleasure seeking have increased the use of sildenafil citrate, tramadol and their combination by youths who believe these drugs could positively impact their sexual life. Sildenafil citrate and tramadol are metabolized in the liver, and their by-products excreted through the kidneys, making these organs possible targets for toxicity. Aim: This study evaluates the effects of combination of tramadol and sildenafil citrate on hepatic and renal function parameters in male albino rats. Methodology: A total of forty-nine (49) male albino rats weighing between 150 to 180g were used for the study. Sildenafil citrate and tramadol were administered to the rats by means of oral gavage for 28 days. The liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined using the Reitman-Frankel method. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was determined using the Colorimetric endpoint method. Total protein (TP) was determined using the biuret method. Albumin (ALB) was determined using the bromocresol green method. Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (CL-) were determined using ion selective electrode (ISE) method. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) was determined using titrimetric method. Urea was determined using Urease bertholet method. Creatinine was determined using Jaffe-Slot method. Results: There were no significant differences (P>.05) in the liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP in all the treatment groups compared to the negative control. Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) also showed no significant differences (P>.05) in the groups, compared to the negative control. there were no significant differences (P>.05) in the electrolyte levels in the treatment groups, compared to the negative control. Urea and creatinine levels were also not significantly different (P>.05) in the treatment groups, compared to the negative control. Conclusion: Administration of sildenafil citrate singularly and in combination with tramadol, at recommended and double doses for 28 days, did not impact the liver and was also non-toxic to the kidneys.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"25 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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