Pub Date : 2024-09-27Epub Date: 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01524
Vishal Chaudhary, Bakr Ahmed Taha, Lucky, Sarvesh Rustagi, Ajit Khosla, Pagona Papakonstantinou, Nikhil Bhalla
Lung cancer remains a global health concern, demanding the development of noninvasive, prompt, selective, and point-of-care diagnostic tools. Correspondingly, breath analysis using nanobiosensors has emerged as a promising noninvasive nose-on-chip technique for the early detection of lung cancer through monitoring diversified biomarkers such as volatile organic compounds/gases in exhaled breath. This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art breath-based lung cancer diagnosis employing chemiresistive-module nanobiosensors supported by theoretical findings. It unveils the fundamental mechanisms and biological basis of breath biomarker generation associated with lung cancer, technological advancements, and clinical implementation of nanobiosensor-based breath analysis. It explores the merits, challenges, and potential alternate solutions in implementing these nanobiosensors in clinical settings, including standardization, biocompatibility/toxicity analysis, green and sustainable technologies, life-cycle assessment, and scheming regulatory modalities. It highlights nanobiosensors' role in facilitating precise, real-time, and on-site detection of lung cancer through breath analysis, leading to improved patient outcomes, enhanced clinical management, and remote personalized monitoring. Additionally, integrating these biosensors with artificial intelligence, machine learning, Internet-of-things, bioinformatics, and omics technologies is discussed, providing insights into the prospects of intelligent nose-on-chip lung cancer sniffing nanobiosensors. Overall, this review consolidates knowledge on breathomic biosensor-based lung cancer screening, shedding light on its significance and potential applications in advancing state-of-the-art medical diagnostics to reduce the burden on hospitals and save human lives.
{"title":"Nose-on-Chip Nanobiosensors for Early Detection of Lung Cancer Breath Biomarkers.","authors":"Vishal Chaudhary, Bakr Ahmed Taha, Lucky, Sarvesh Rustagi, Ajit Khosla, Pagona Papakonstantinou, Nikhil Bhalla","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01524","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer remains a global health concern, demanding the development of noninvasive, prompt, selective, and point-of-care diagnostic tools. Correspondingly, breath analysis using nanobiosensors has emerged as a promising noninvasive nose-on-chip technique for the early detection of lung cancer through monitoring diversified biomarkers such as volatile organic compounds/gases in exhaled breath. This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art breath-based lung cancer diagnosis employing chemiresistive-module nanobiosensors supported by theoretical findings. It unveils the fundamental mechanisms and biological basis of breath biomarker generation associated with lung cancer, technological advancements, and clinical implementation of nanobiosensor-based breath analysis. It explores the merits, challenges, and potential alternate solutions in implementing these nanobiosensors in clinical settings, including standardization, biocompatibility/toxicity analysis, green and sustainable technologies, life-cycle assessment, and scheming regulatory modalities. It highlights nanobiosensors' role in facilitating precise, real-time, and on-site detection of lung cancer through breath analysis, leading to improved patient outcomes, enhanced clinical management, and remote personalized monitoring. Additionally, integrating these biosensors with artificial intelligence, machine learning, Internet-of-things, bioinformatics, and omics technologies is discussed, providing insights into the prospects of intelligent nose-on-chip lung cancer sniffing nanobiosensors. Overall, this review consolidates knowledge on breathomic biosensor-based lung cancer screening, shedding light on its significance and potential applications in advancing state-of-the-art medical diagnostics to reduce the burden on hospitals and save human lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27Epub Date: 2024-08-21DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01058
Yusuf C Erdoğan, Johannes Pilic, Benjamin Gottschalk, Esra N Yiğit, Asal G Zaki, Gürkan Öztürk, Emrah Eroğlu, Begüm Okutan, Nicole G Sommer, Annelie M Weinberg, Rainer Schindl, Wolfgang F Graier, Roland Malli
In this study, we introduce a new separation of phases-based activity reporter of kinase (SPARK) for AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), named AMPK-SPARK, which reports the AMPK activation by forming bright fluorescent clusters. Furthermore, we introduce a dual reporter system, named GCaMP-AMPK-SPARK, by incorporating a single-fluorescent protein (FP)-based Ca2+ biosensor, GCaMP6f, into our initial design, enabling simultaneous monitoring of Ca2+ levels and AMPK activity. This system offers the essential quality of information by single-channel fluorescence microscopy without the need for coexpression of different biosensors and elaborate filter layouts to overcome spectral limitations. We used AMPK-SPARK to map endogenous AMPK activity in different cell types and visualized the dynamics of AMPK activation in response to various stimuli. Using GCaMP-AMPK-SPARK, we revealed cell-to-cell heterogeneities in AMPK activation by Ca2+ mobilization. We anticipate that this dual reporter strategy can be employed to study the intricate interplays between different signaling networks and kinase activities.
{"title":"Development of a Dual Reporter System to Simultaneously Visualize Ca<sup>2+</sup> Signals and AMPK Activity.","authors":"Yusuf C Erdoğan, Johannes Pilic, Benjamin Gottschalk, Esra N Yiğit, Asal G Zaki, Gürkan Öztürk, Emrah Eroğlu, Begüm Okutan, Nicole G Sommer, Annelie M Weinberg, Rainer Schindl, Wolfgang F Graier, Roland Malli","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01058","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we introduce a new separation of phases-based activity reporter of kinase (SPARK) for AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), named AMPK-SPARK, which reports the AMPK activation by forming bright fluorescent clusters. Furthermore, we introduce a dual reporter system, named GCaMP-AMPK-SPARK, by incorporating a single-fluorescent protein (FP)-based Ca<sup>2+</sup> biosensor, GCaMP6f, into our initial design, enabling simultaneous monitoring of Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels and AMPK activity. This system offers the essential quality of information by single-channel fluorescence microscopy without the need for coexpression of different biosensors and elaborate filter layouts to overcome spectral limitations. We used AMPK-SPARK to map endogenous AMPK activity in different cell types and visualized the dynamics of AMPK activation in response to various stimuli. Using GCaMP-AMPK-SPARK, we revealed cell-to-cell heterogeneities in AMPK activation by Ca<sup>2+</sup> mobilization. We anticipate that this dual reporter strategy can be employed to study the intricate interplays between different signaling networks and kinase activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142015499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27Epub Date: 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01294
He Yan, Zimu Tian, Emma Ziegenbein, Ying Liu, Amanda Santana, Adam S Veige, Bruce Spiess, Weihong Tan, Yong Zeng
Antithrombin (AT) deficiency in the extracorporeal circulation during cardiac surgery leads to uncontrolled inflammation and vascular damage in patients. AT levels decrease in sepsis, major trauma, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and eclampsia. Monitoring plasma AT levels facilitates the accurate restoration of AT to baseline values through precise supplementation. Traditional methods of chromogenic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits encounter challenges, such as interference, inconsistency, and delayed response times, making real-time, reliable antithrombin monitoring a clinical gap. To address this critical need, we develop a heparin-bead extraction enhanced fluoroGenic aptamer-thrombin composite reporter (HExGATOR) for the rapid, sensitive, and precise detection of functional AT in plasma. Our design employs thrombin-binding aptamers and a fluorescence "turn on" technology such that a signal is produced upon the interaction of AT with the otherwise "turned off" aptamer-thrombin complex. The prominent signal-background interference originating from plasma is remarkably diminished by using a heparin-bead solid-phase extraction of AT. We achieved highly sensitive and rapid detection of AT in 5 to 20 min with a limit of detection of 15.11 nM. This approach offers a promising alternative to traditional AT tests in clinical settings, potentially facilitating personalized anticoagulant therapy.
心脏手术体外循环中抗凝血酶(AT)的缺乏会导致患者出现无法控制的炎症和血管损伤。在败血症、重大创伤、体外膜氧合和子痫时,AT 水平会下降。监测血浆 AT 水平有助于通过精确补充 AT 恢复到基线值。传统的色原测定法和酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)试剂盒会遇到干扰、不一致和响应时间延迟等挑战,因此实时、可靠的抗凝血酶监测成为临床空白。为了满足这一关键需求,我们开发了肝素珠提取增强型荧光基因拟合物-凝血酶复合报告物(HExGATOR),用于快速、灵敏、精确地检测血浆中的功能性抗凝血酶。我们的设计采用了凝血酶结合适配体和荧光 "开启 "技术,这样当AT与原本 "关闭 "的适配体-凝血酶复合物相互作用时就会产生信号。使用肝素珠固相萃取 AT,可显著减少来自血浆的明显信号-背景干扰。我们在 5 至 20 分钟内实现了对 AT 的高灵敏度和快速检测,检测限为 15.11 nM。在临床环境中,这种方法有望替代传统的AT检测方法,为个性化抗凝治疗提供潜在的便利。
{"title":"Heparin-Bead Extraction Enhanced Fluorogenic Aptamer-Thrombin Composite Reporter Enables Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Functional Antithrombin.","authors":"He Yan, Zimu Tian, Emma Ziegenbein, Ying Liu, Amanda Santana, Adam S Veige, Bruce Spiess, Weihong Tan, Yong Zeng","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01294","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antithrombin (AT) deficiency in the extracorporeal circulation during cardiac surgery leads to uncontrolled inflammation and vascular damage in patients. AT levels decrease in sepsis, major trauma, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and eclampsia. Monitoring plasma AT levels facilitates the accurate restoration of AT to baseline values through precise supplementation. Traditional methods of chromogenic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits encounter challenges, such as interference, inconsistency, and delayed response times, making real-time, reliable antithrombin monitoring a clinical gap. To address this critical need, we develop a heparin-bead extraction enhanced fluoroGenic aptamer-thrombin composite reporter (HExGATOR) for the rapid, sensitive, and precise detection of functional AT in plasma. Our design employs thrombin-binding aptamers and a fluorescence \"turn on\" technology such that a signal is produced upon the interaction of AT with the otherwise \"turned off\" aptamer-thrombin complex. The prominent signal-background interference originating from plasma is remarkably diminished by using a heparin-bead solid-phase extraction of AT. We achieved highly sensitive and rapid detection of AT in 5 to 20 min with a limit of detection of 15.11 nM. This approach offers a promising alternative to traditional AT tests in clinical settings, potentially facilitating personalized anticoagulant therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breast cancer is a major challenge in the field of oncology, with around 2.3 million cases and around 670,000 deaths globally based on the GLOBOCAN 2022 data. Despite having advanced technologies, breast cancer remains the major type of cancer among women. This review highlights various collagen signatures and the role of different collagen types in breast tumor development, progression, and metastasis, along with the use of photoacoustic spectroscopy to offer insights into future cancer diagnostic applications without the need for surgery or other invasive techniques. Through mapping of the tumor microenvironment and spotlighting key components and their absorption wavelengths, we emphasize the need for extensive preclinical and clinical investigations.
{"title":"Assessing Breast Cancer through Tumor Microenvironment Mapping of Collagen and Other Biomolecule Spectral Fingerprints─A Review.","authors":"Diya Pratish Chohan, Shimul Biswas, Mrunmayee Wankhede, Poornima Menon, Ameera K, Shaik Basha, Jackson Rodrigues, Darshan Chikkanayakanahalli Mukunda, Krishna Kishore Mahato","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c00585","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c00585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is a major challenge in the field of oncology, with around 2.3 million cases and around 670,000 deaths globally based on the GLOBOCAN 2022 data. Despite having advanced technologies, breast cancer remains the major type of cancer among women. This review highlights various collagen signatures and the role of different collagen types in breast tumor development, progression, and metastasis, along with the use of photoacoustic spectroscopy to offer insights into future cancer diagnostic applications without the need for surgery or other invasive techniques. Through mapping of the tumor microenvironment and spotlighting key components and their absorption wavelengths, we emphasize the need for extensive preclinical and clinical investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27Epub Date: 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00442
Hadi Mirzajani, Michael Kraft
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a predominant global health concern, accounting for over 17.9 million deaths in 2019, representing approximately 32% of all global fatalities. In North America and Europe, over a million adults undergo cardiac surgeries annually. Despite the benefits, such surgeries pose risks and require precise postsurgery monitoring. However, during the postdischarge period, where monitoring infrastructures are limited, continuous monitoring of vital signals is hindered. In this area, the introduction of implantable electronics is altering medical practices by enabling real-time and out-of-hospital monitoring of physiological signals and biological information postsurgery. The multimodal implantable bioelectronic platforms have the capability of continuous heart sensing and stimulation, in both postsurgery and out-of-hospital settings. Furthermore, with the emergence of machine learning algorithms into healthcare devices, next-generation implantables will benefit artificial intelligence (AI) and connectivity with skin-interfaced electronics to provide more precise and user-specific results. This Review outlines recent advancements in implantable bioelectronics and their utilization in cardiovascular health monitoring, highlighting their transformative deployment in sensing and stimulation to the heart toward reaching truly personalized healthcare platforms compatible with the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 of the WHO 2030 observatory roadmap. This Review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of these devices.
{"title":"Soft Bioelectronics for Heart Monitoring.","authors":"Hadi Mirzajani, Michael Kraft","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c00442","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c00442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a predominant global health concern, accounting for over 17.9 million deaths in 2019, representing approximately 32% of all global fatalities. In North America and Europe, over a million adults undergo cardiac surgeries annually. Despite the benefits, such surgeries pose risks and require precise postsurgery monitoring. However, during the postdischarge period, where monitoring infrastructures are limited, continuous monitoring of vital signals is hindered. In this area, the introduction of implantable electronics is altering medical practices by enabling real-time and out-of-hospital monitoring of physiological signals and biological information postsurgery. The multimodal implantable bioelectronic platforms have the capability of continuous heart sensing and stimulation, in both postsurgery and out-of-hospital settings. Furthermore, with the emergence of machine learning algorithms into healthcare devices, next-generation implantables will benefit artificial intelligence (AI) and connectivity with skin-interfaced electronics to provide more precise and user-specific results. This Review outlines recent advancements in implantable bioelectronics and their utilization in cardiovascular health monitoring, highlighting their transformative deployment in sensing and stimulation to the heart toward reaching truly personalized healthcare platforms compatible with the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 of the WHO 2030 observatory roadmap. This Review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of these devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study introduces a novel deep learning framework for lung health evaluation using exhaled gas. The framework synergistically integrates pyramid pooling and a dual-encoder network, leveraging SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) derived feature importance to enhance its predictive capability. The framework is specifically designed to effectively distinguish between smokers, individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and control subjects. The pyramid pooling structure aggregates multilevel global information by pooling features at four scales. SHAP assesses feature importance from the eight sensors. Two encoder architectures handle different feature sets based on their importance, optimizing performance. Besides, the model's robustness is enhanced using the sliding window technique and white noise augmentation on the original data. In 5-fold cross-validation, the model achieved an average accuracy of 96.40%, surpassing that of a single encoder pyramid pooling model by 10.77%. Further optimization of filters in the transformer convolutional layer and pooling size in the pyramid module increased the accuracy to 98.46%. This study offers an efficient tool for identifying the effects of smoking and COPD, as well as a novel approach to utilizing deep learning technology to address complex biomedical issues.
{"title":"Olfactory Diagnosis Model for Lung Health Evaluation Based on Pyramid Pooling and SHAP-Based Dual Encoders.","authors":"Jingyi Peng, Haixia Mei, Ruiming Yang, Keyu Meng, Lijuan Shi, Jian Zhao, Bowei Zhang, Fuzhen Xuan, Tao Wang, Tong Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01584","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces a novel deep learning framework for lung health evaluation using exhaled gas. The framework synergistically integrates pyramid pooling and a dual-encoder network, leveraging SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) derived feature importance to enhance its predictive capability. The framework is specifically designed to effectively distinguish between smokers, individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and control subjects. The pyramid pooling structure aggregates multilevel global information by pooling features at four scales. SHAP assesses feature importance from the eight sensors. Two encoder architectures handle different feature sets based on their importance, optimizing performance. Besides, the model's robustness is enhanced using the sliding window technique and white noise augmentation on the original data. In 5-fold cross-validation, the model achieved an average accuracy of 96.40%, surpassing that of a single encoder pyramid pooling model by 10.77%. Further optimization of filters in the transformer convolutional layer and pooling size in the pyramid module increased the accuracy to 98.46%. This study offers an efficient tool for identifying the effects of smoking and COPD, as well as a novel approach to utilizing deep learning technology to address complex biomedical issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27Epub Date: 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01029
Michael Kühl, Daniel Aagren Nielsen, Sergey M Borisov
Mapping of O2 with luminescent sensors within intact animals is challenging due to attenuation of excitation and emission light caused by tissue absorption and scattering as well as interfering background fluorescence. Here we show the application of luminescent O2 sensor nanoparticles (∼50-70 nm) composed of the O2 indicator platinum(II) tetra(4-fluoro)phenyltetrabenzoporphyrin (PtTPTBPF) immobilized in poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-MA). We injected the sensor nanoparticles into the gastrovascular system of intact colony fractions of reef-building tropical corals that harbor photosynthetic microalgae in their tissues. The sensor nanoparticles are excited by red LED light (617 nm) and emit in the near-infrared (780 nm), which enhances the transmission of excitation and emission light through biological materials. This enabled us to map the internal O2 concentration via time-domain luminescence lifetime imaging through the outer tissue layers across several coral polyps in flowing seawater. After injection, nanoparticles dispersed within the coral tissue for several hours. While luminescence intensity imaging showed some local aggregation of sensor particles, lifetime imaging showed a more homogeneous O2 distribution across a larger area of the coral colony. Local stimulation of symbiont photosynthesis in corals induced oxygenation of illuminated tissue areas and formation of lateral O2 gradients toward surrounding respiring tissues, which were dissipated rapidly after the onset of darkness. Such measurements are key to improving our understanding of how corals regulate their internal chemical microenvironment and metabolic activity, and how they are affected by environmental stress such as ocean warming, acidification, and deoxygenation. Our experimental approach can also be adapted for in vivo O2 imaging in other natural systems such as biofilms, plant and animal tissues, as well as in organoids and other cell constructs, where imaging internal O2 conditions are relevant and challenging due to high optical density and background fluorescence.
{"title":"<i>In Vivo</i> Lifetime Imaging of the Internal O<sub>2</sub> Dynamics in Corals with near-Infrared-Emitting Sensor Nanoparticles.","authors":"Michael Kühl, Daniel Aagren Nielsen, Sergey M Borisov","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01029","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mapping of O<sub>2</sub> with luminescent sensors within intact animals is challenging due to attenuation of excitation and emission light caused by tissue absorption and scattering as well as interfering background fluorescence. Here we show the application of luminescent O<sub>2</sub> sensor nanoparticles (∼50-70 nm) composed of the O<sub>2</sub> indicator platinum(II) tetra(4-fluoro)phenyltetrabenzoporphyrin (PtTPTBPF) immobilized in poly(methyl methacrylate-<i>co</i>-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-MA). We injected the sensor nanoparticles into the gastrovascular system of intact colony fractions of reef-building tropical corals that harbor photosynthetic microalgae in their tissues. The sensor nanoparticles are excited by red LED light (617 nm) and emit in the near-infrared (780 nm), which enhances the transmission of excitation and emission light through biological materials. This enabled us to map the internal O<sub>2</sub> concentration via time-domain luminescence lifetime imaging through the outer tissue layers across several coral polyps in flowing seawater. After injection, nanoparticles dispersed within the coral tissue for several hours. While luminescence intensity imaging showed some local aggregation of sensor particles, lifetime imaging showed a more homogeneous O<sub>2</sub> distribution across a larger area of the coral colony. Local stimulation of symbiont photosynthesis in corals induced oxygenation of illuminated tissue areas and formation of lateral O<sub>2</sub> gradients toward surrounding respiring tissues, which were dissipated rapidly after the onset of darkness. Such measurements are key to improving our understanding of how corals regulate their internal chemical microenvironment and metabolic activity, and how they are affected by environmental stress such as ocean warming, acidification, and deoxygenation. Our experimental approach can also be adapted for <i>in vivo</i> O<sub>2</sub> imaging in other natural systems such as biofilms, plant and animal tissues, as well as in organoids and other cell constructs, where imaging internal O<sub>2</sub> conditions are relevant and challenging due to high optical density and background fluorescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27Epub Date: 2024-08-15DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01057
Justine Coïs, Marie-Laure Niepon, Manon Wittwer, Hessam Sepasi Tehrani, Philippe Bun, Jean-Maurice Mallet, Vincent Vialou, Blaise Dumat
Fluorescent protein-based pH biosensors enable the tracking of pH changes during protein trafficking and, in particular, exocytosis. The recent development of chemogenetic reporters combining synthetic fluorophores with self-labeling protein tags offers a versatile alternative to fluorescent proteins that combines the diversity of chemical probes and indicators with the selectivity of the genetic encoding. However, this hybrid protein labeling strategy does not avoid common drawbacks of organic fluorophores such as the risk of off-target signal due to unbound molecules. Here, we describe a novel fluorogenic and chemogenetic pH sensor based on a cell-permeable molecular pH indicator called pHluo-Halo-1, whose fluorescence can be locally activated in cells by reaction with HaloTag, ensuring excellent signal selectivity in wash-free imaging experiments. pHluo-Halo-1 was selected out of a series of four fluorogenic molecular rotor structures based on protein chromophore analogues. It displays good pH sensitivity with a pKa of 6.3 well-suited to monitor pH variations during exocytosis and an excellent labeling selectivity in cells. It was applied to follow the secretion of CD63-HaloTag fusion proteins using TIRF microscopy. We anticipate that this strategy based on the combination of a tunable and chemically accessible fluorogenic probe with a well-established protein tag will open new possibilities for the development of versatile alternatives to fluorescent proteins for elucidating the dynamics and regulatory mechanisms of proteins in living cells.
{"title":"A Fluorogenic Chemogenetic pH Sensor for Imaging Protein Exocytosis.","authors":"Justine Coïs, Marie-Laure Niepon, Manon Wittwer, Hessam Sepasi Tehrani, Philippe Bun, Jean-Maurice Mallet, Vincent Vialou, Blaise Dumat","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01057","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorescent protein-based pH biosensors enable the tracking of pH changes during protein trafficking and, in particular, exocytosis. The recent development of chemogenetic reporters combining synthetic fluorophores with self-labeling protein tags offers a versatile alternative to fluorescent proteins that combines the diversity of chemical probes and indicators with the selectivity of the genetic encoding. However, this hybrid protein labeling strategy does not avoid common drawbacks of organic fluorophores such as the risk of off-target signal due to unbound molecules. Here, we describe a novel fluorogenic and chemogenetic pH sensor based on a cell-permeable molecular pH indicator called <b>pHluo-Halo-1</b>, whose fluorescence can be locally activated in cells by reaction with HaloTag, ensuring excellent signal selectivity in wash-free imaging experiments. <b>pHluo-Halo-1</b> was selected out of a series of four fluorogenic molecular rotor structures based on protein chromophore analogues. It displays good pH sensitivity with a p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> of 6.3 well-suited to monitor pH variations during exocytosis and an excellent labeling selectivity in cells. It was applied to follow the secretion of CD63-HaloTag fusion proteins using TIRF microscopy. We anticipate that this strategy based on the combination of a tunable and chemically accessible fluorogenic probe with a well-established protein tag will open new possibilities for the development of versatile alternatives to fluorescent proteins for elucidating the dynamics and regulatory mechanisms of proteins in living cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141981164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00788
Michele Segantini, Gianluca Marcozzi, Tarek Elrifai, Ekaterina Shabratova, Katja Höflich, Mihaela Deaconeasa, Volker Niemann, Rainer Pietig, Joseph E. McPeak, Jens Anders, Boris Naydenov, Klaus Lips
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy provides information about the physical and chemical properties of materials by detecting paramagnetic states. Conventional EPR measurements are performed in high Q resonator using large electromagnets which limits the available space for operando experiments. Here we present a solution toward a portable EPR sensor based on the combination of the EPR-on-a-Chip (EPRoC) and a single-sided permanent magnet. This device can be placed directly into the sample environment (i.e., catalytic reaction vessels, ultrahigh vacuum deposition chambers, aqueous environments, etc.) to conduct in situ and operando measurements. The EPRoC reported herein is comprised of an array of 14 voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) coils oscillating at 7 GHz. By using a single grain of crystalline BDPA, EPR measurements at different positions of the magnet with respect to the VCO array were performed. It was possible to create a 2D spatial map of a 1.5 mm × 5 mm region of the magnetic field with 50 μm resolution. This allowed for the determination of the magnetic field intensity and homogeneity, which are found to be 254.69 mT and 700 ppm, respectively. The magnetic field was mapped also along the vertical direction using a thin film a-Si layer. The EPRoC and permanent magnet were combined to form a miniaturized EPR spectrometer to perform experiments on tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-teramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) dissolved in an 80% glycerol and 20% water solution. It was possible to determine the molecular tumbling correlation time and to establish a calibration procedure to quantify the number of spins within the sample.
{"title":"Compact Electron Paramagnetic Resonance on a Chip Spectrometer Using a Single Sided Permanent Magnet","authors":"Michele Segantini, Gianluca Marcozzi, Tarek Elrifai, Ekaterina Shabratova, Katja Höflich, Mihaela Deaconeasa, Volker Niemann, Rainer Pietig, Joseph E. McPeak, Jens Anders, Boris Naydenov, Klaus Lips","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c00788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c00788","url":null,"abstract":"Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy provides information about the physical and chemical properties of materials by detecting paramagnetic states. Conventional EPR measurements are performed in high <i>Q</i> resonator using large electromagnets which limits the available space for operando experiments. Here we present a solution toward a portable EPR sensor based on the combination of the EPR-on-a-Chip (EPRoC) and a single-sided permanent magnet. This device can be placed directly into the sample environment (i.e., catalytic reaction vessels, ultrahigh vacuum deposition chambers, aqueous environments, etc.) to conduct in situ and operando measurements. The EPRoC reported herein is comprised of an array of 14 voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) coils oscillating at 7 GHz. By using a single grain of crystalline BDPA, EPR measurements at different positions of the magnet with respect to the VCO array were performed. It was possible to create a 2D spatial map of a 1.5 mm × 5 mm region of the magnetic field with 50 μm resolution. This allowed for the determination of the magnetic field intensity and homogeneity, which are found to be 254.69 mT and 700 ppm, respectively. The magnetic field was mapped also along the vertical direction using a thin film a-Si layer. The EPRoC and permanent magnet were combined to form a miniaturized EPR spectrometer to perform experiments on tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-teramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) dissolved in an 80% glycerol and 20% water solution. It was possible to determine the molecular tumbling correlation time and to establish a calibration procedure to quantify the number of spins within the sample.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01467
Minhui Liang, Li Liang, Mahnoush Tayebi, Jianwei Zhong, Ye Ai
Droplet microfluidic systems have emerged as indispensable and advanced tools in contemporary biological science. A prominent example is the droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), which plays a pivotal role in next-generation sequencing and the detection of rare nucleic acids or mutations. However, existing optical detection configurations are bulky, intricate, and costly, and require meticulous optical alignment to optimize fluorescence sensing. Herein, we propose a lab-in-fiber optofluidic system (LiFO), which provides a stable and compact footprint, self-alignment, and enhanced optical coupling for high-accuracy ddPCR. Moreover, LiFO could expand its capabilities for multiangle-scattering light collection in which we collect focused forward-scattering light (fFSL) to enable real-time droplet counting and size monitoring. To accomplish these attributes, LiFO incorporates optical fibers, along with fabricated PDMS grooves, for a self-aligned optical setup to implement simultaneous fluorescence and scattering detection. Furthermore, LiFO harnesses the concept of flowing droplets functioning as microlenses, which allows us to collect and translate fFSL signals into droplet size information. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of LiFO in ddPCR applications, illustrating its capacity to enhance the accuracy and precision of DNA quantification. Notably, LiFO exhibits improved linearity in the measurement of serial DNA dilutions, reflected by an increase in R2 from 0.956 to 0.997. These results demonstrate the potential of LiFO to serve as a valuable tool across a wide spectrum of droplet microfluidic platforms, offering opportunities for advancement in practical applications.
{"title":"Lab-In-Fiber Optofluidic Device for Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (DdPCR) with Real-Time Monitoring","authors":"Minhui Liang, Li Liang, Mahnoush Tayebi, Jianwei Zhong, Ye Ai","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c01467","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet microfluidic systems have emerged as indispensable and advanced tools in contemporary biological science. A prominent example is the droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), which plays a pivotal role in next-generation sequencing and the detection of rare nucleic acids or mutations. However, existing optical detection configurations are bulky, intricate, and costly, and require meticulous optical alignment to optimize fluorescence sensing. Herein, we propose a lab-in-fiber optofluidic system (LiFO), which provides a stable and compact footprint, self-alignment, and enhanced optical coupling for high-accuracy ddPCR. Moreover, LiFO could expand its capabilities for multiangle-scattering light collection in which we collect focused forward-scattering light (fFSL) to enable real-time droplet counting and size monitoring. To accomplish these attributes, LiFO incorporates optical fibers, along with fabricated PDMS grooves, for a self-aligned optical setup to implement simultaneous fluorescence and scattering detection. Furthermore, LiFO harnesses the concept of flowing droplets functioning as microlenses, which allows us to collect and translate fFSL signals into droplet size information. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of LiFO in ddPCR applications, illustrating its capacity to enhance the accuracy and precision of DNA quantification. Notably, LiFO exhibits improved linearity in the measurement of serial DNA dilutions, reflected by an increase in <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> from 0.956 to 0.997. These results demonstrate the potential of LiFO to serve as a valuable tool across a wide spectrum of droplet microfluidic platforms, offering opportunities for advancement in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}