Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109168
Narvydas Dėnas , Povilas Virbickas , Aušra Valiūnienė
Investigating protein aggregation and determining the concentration of protein aggregates (PAs) is important in clinical studies and in the food industry. However, conventional fluorimetric methods that use amyloidophilic dyes are limited by comparatively high cost and interference from light scattering and other optically active contaminants, which can affect the reliability of measurements. This study presents an electrochemical approach to quantifying the concentration of a model PA, lysozyme aggregate (LA), by measuring the oxidation current of Thioflavin T (ThT), which LA molecules absorb. Results demonstrate that cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) provide linear detection ranges of ThT of 140 μM–1220 μM and 26 μM–170 μM, respectively. Additionally, CV studies in buffer solutions containing ThT and LA reveal that ThT-LA interaction diminishes the ThT oxidation current, enabling the detection of LA concentrations ranging from 3 μg mL−1 to 1190 μg mL−1. The optimal ThT concentration for electrochemical LA detection is approximately 1 mM. These findings suggest that using ThT for electrochemical sensing of protein aggregates offers a promising alternative to fluorimetry.
{"title":"Quantifying protein aggregate concentration through electrochemical oxidation of thioflavin T","authors":"Narvydas Dėnas , Povilas Virbickas , Aušra Valiūnienė","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigating protein aggregation and determining the concentration of protein aggregates (PAs) is important in clinical studies and in the food industry. However, conventional fluorimetric methods that use amyloidophilic dyes are limited by comparatively high cost and interference from light scattering and other optically active contaminants, which can affect the reliability of measurements. This study presents an electrochemical approach to quantifying the concentration of a model PA, lysozyme aggregate (LA), by measuring the oxidation current of Thioflavin T (ThT), which LA molecules absorb. Results demonstrate that cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) provide linear detection ranges of ThT of 140 μM–1220 μM and 26 μM–170 μM, respectively. Additionally, CV studies in buffer solutions containing ThT and LA reveal that ThT-LA interaction diminishes the ThT oxidation current, enabling the detection of LA concentrations ranging from 3 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> to 1190 μg mL<sup>−1</sup>. The optimal ThT concentration for electrochemical LA detection is approximately 1 mM. These findings suggest that using ThT for electrochemical sensing of protein aggregates offers a promising alternative to fluorimetry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109163
Umbreen Ashraf , Iqra Saleem , Athar Yaseen Khan , Mariya al Rashida , Safeer Ahmad
Nitroxoline (NXN) is an antibiotic of nitroquinoline family which is used for the treatment of urinary tract infections and as a biofilm eradicating agent. Since it shows potential antitumor activity, it is also considered a promising candidate for repurposing in cancer treatment. Present article reports on electrochemical investigations of nitroxoline, its interaction with ct-DNA using cyclic voltammetry, UV–visible spectroscopy, viscometry, molecular modelling, and thermodynamics as analytical tools. An irreversible reduction peak is observed at about −0.45 V at pH 4.0 which shifts to more negative potentials with increasing scan rate. With the addition of DNA, the signal intensity decreases indicating formation of an adduct which enabled calculation of binding constant = (9.1750.728) × 104 M−1 and 2S = (0.9250.150). Spectroscopic measurements yielded a value of (3.3660.0.193) × 104 M−1. Viscosity measurements show intercalation binding mode for the drug which is supported by preliminary molecular docking studies. Thermodynamic studies reveal that ∆G° is negative and both ∆H° and ∆S° are positive, indicating spontaneity of the binding process and hydrophobic forces are dominant in binding of the drug. Electrochemical parameters, transfer coefficient (), diffusion coefficient (D0) and heterogeneous electron transfer rate ( obtained for nitroxoline at pH 4.0 indicate mild electron transfer kinetics.
Quinoline structure and nitro group are medicinally important. Present study reports for the first time qualitative and quantitative data on an important member of the quinoline family which would be of interest to researchers engaged in drug development.
{"title":"A comprehensive study of nitroxoline – Ct-DNA interaction using electrochemical, spectroscopic, viscometry and thermodynamics as analytical tools","authors":"Umbreen Ashraf , Iqra Saleem , Athar Yaseen Khan , Mariya al Rashida , Safeer Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitroxoline (NXN) is an antibiotic of nitroquinoline family which is used for the treatment of urinary tract infections and as a biofilm eradicating agent. Since it shows potential antitumor activity, it is also considered a promising candidate for repurposing in cancer treatment. Present article reports on electrochemical investigations of nitroxoline, its interaction with ct-DNA using cyclic voltammetry, UV–visible spectroscopy, viscometry, molecular modelling, and thermodynamics as analytical tools. An irreversible reduction peak is observed at about −0.45 V at pH 4.0 which shifts to more negative potentials with increasing scan rate. With the addition of DNA, the signal intensity decreases indicating formation of an adduct which enabled calculation of binding constant <span><math><msub><mi>K</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></math></span> = (9.175<span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>0.728) × 10<sup>4</sup> M<sup>−1</sup> and 2S = (0.925<span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>0.150). Spectroscopic measurements yielded a value of (3.366<span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>0.0.193) × 10<sup>4</sup> M<sup>−1</sup>. Viscosity measurements show intercalation binding mode for the drug which is supported by preliminary molecular docking studies. Thermodynamic studies reveal that ∆G° is negative and both ∆H° and ∆S° are positive, indicating spontaneity of the binding process and hydrophobic forces are dominant in binding of the drug. Electrochemical parameters, transfer coefficient (<span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>), diffusion coefficient (D<sub>0</sub>) and heterogeneous electron transfer rate (<span><math><msub><mi>k</mi><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></math></span> obtained for nitroxoline at pH 4.0 indicate mild electron transfer kinetics.</div><div>Quinoline structure and nitro group are medicinally important. Present study reports for the first time qualitative and quantitative data on an important member of the quinoline family which would be of interest to researchers engaged in drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109167
Yuyang Wang , Xiangquan Kong , Zhijie Wang , Jinlong Zuo , Dongming Zhang , Su Ma , Yu Song , Yuchu Chen , Guofeng Duan
This study presents a significant advancement in a capacitive carbon felt/carbon nanotube/polythiophene (CF/CNT/PTh) bioanode. The CF framework provides mechanical stability. CNTs form a mesoporous structure (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore volume: 0.016991 cm3/g), which supports increased populations of electroactive microorganisms. High-throughput sequencing confirmed a 6.67-fold increase in the relative abundance of electroactive genera. The key innovation of the CF/CNT/PTh is the incorporation of PTh to redesign the bioelectrochemical interface. The hydrophobic surface of PTh (confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis) reduces interfacial water barriers. Consequently, the charge-transfer resistance decreases by 65.3 % (Rct = 2.80 Ω), as measured via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Additionally, the pseudocapacitive properties of PTh enable the storage of 5842.55C/m2 of charge and generate a stronger bioelectric field (−578 mV open-circuit potential (OCP)), which enhances microbial activity. These effects create an “energy hub” in the bioanode, as stored and real-time electrons merge during discharge. Therefore, the CF/CNT/PTh bioanode achieves a current density of 147.925 A/m2 and a power density of 1216.03 mW/m2, which is 1.64 times that of bare CF. This design establishes a novel system through a microbial habitat environment constructed with CNT and a polythiophene-enhanced electron transfer mechanism, offering an innovative solution for micropower applications.
{"title":"Carbon nanotubes/polythiophene composite anodes: Fabrication and electrochemical energy storage performance","authors":"Yuyang Wang , Xiangquan Kong , Zhijie Wang , Jinlong Zuo , Dongming Zhang , Su Ma , Yu Song , Yuchu Chen , Guofeng Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a significant advancement in a capacitive carbon felt/carbon nanotube/polythiophene (CF/CNT/PTh) bioanode. The CF framework provides mechanical stability. CNTs form a mesoporous structure (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore volume: 0.016991 cm<sup>3</sup>/g), which supports increased populations of electroactive microorganisms. High-throughput sequencing confirmed a 6.67-fold increase in the relative abundance of electroactive genera. The key innovation of the CF/CNT/PTh is the incorporation of PTh to redesign the bioelectrochemical interface. The hydrophobic surface of PTh (confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis) reduces interfacial water barriers. Consequently, the charge-transfer resistance decreases by 65.3 % (R<sub>ct</sub> = 2.80 Ω), as measured via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Additionally, the pseudocapacitive properties of PTh enable the storage of 5842.55C/m<sup>2</sup> of charge and generate a stronger bioelectric field (−578 mV open-circuit potential (OCP)), which enhances microbial activity. These effects create an “energy hub” in the bioanode, as stored and real-time electrons merge during discharge. Therefore, the CF/CNT/PTh bioanode achieves a current density of 147.925 A/m<sup>2</sup> and a power density of 1216.03 mW/m<sup>2</sup>, which is 1.64 times that of bare CF. This design establishes a novel system through a microbial habitat environment constructed with CNT and a polythiophene-enhanced electron transfer mechanism, offering an innovative solution for micropower applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145511401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109165
A.D. Ettiyan , Tamilarasan K , Siva P.R. Muppala
This study presents an innovative and environmentally sustainable approach for treating pharmaceutical wastewater (PWW) using a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (DMFC) that simultaneously generates bioelectricity. The DMFC system incorporates manganese cobalt oxide-coated carbon veil (MnCo2O4-CV) electrodes to optimize organic pollutant removal and enhance power production from PWW. The novel MnCo2O4-CV electrode coating represents a significant advancement, offering superior chemical stability, electrical conductivity, durability, large surface area, and enhanced absorption capacity. Following a systematic acclimatization, various organic loadings were investigated to identify optimal operating conditions. Results demonstrated peak performance at an organic loading of 2.0 g COD/L. Under these conditions, the system exhibited remarkable removal efficiencies for total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), and total suspended solids (TSS), while generating electrical output. Performance evaluation encompassed maximum voltage, current density, power density, coulombic efficiency, and pollutant removal metrics. Microbial community analysis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a diverse bacterial community in the anodic biofilm that contributed to improved system performance.
本研究提出了一种创新和环境可持续的方法，使用双室微生物燃料电池（DMFC）同时产生生物电来处理制药废水（PWW）。DMFC系统采用锰钴氧化物涂层碳膜（MnCo2O4-CV）电极，以优化有机污染物的去除并提高PWW的发电量。新型MnCo2O4-CV电极涂层代表了一项重大进步，具有卓越的化学稳定性、导电性、耐久性、大表面积和增强的吸收能力。在系统驯化后，研究了各种有机负荷，以确定最佳操作条件。结果表明，有机负荷为2.0 g COD/L时性能最佳。在这些条件下，该系统在产生电力输出的同时，对总化学需氧量（TCOD）、可溶性化学需氧量（SCOD）和总悬浮物（TSS）表现出了显著的去除效率。性能评估包括最大电压、电流密度、功率密度、库仑效率和污染物去除指标。通过16S rRNA基因测序对微生物群落进行分析，发现阳极生物膜中的细菌群落多样性有助于提高系统性能。
{"title":"Bioelectricity generation via biodegradation of pharmaceutical wastewater using MnCo2O4-CV coated electrodes in dual-chamber microbial fuel cells","authors":"A.D. Ettiyan , Tamilarasan K , Siva P.R. Muppala","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an innovative and environmentally sustainable approach for treating pharmaceutical wastewater (PWW) using a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (DMFC) that simultaneously generates bioelectricity. The DMFC system incorporates manganese cobalt oxide-coated carbon veil (MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-CV) electrodes to optimize organic pollutant removal and enhance power production from PWW. The novel MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-CV electrode coating represents a significant advancement, offering superior chemical stability, electrical conductivity, durability, large surface area, and enhanced absorption capacity. Following a systematic acclimatization, various organic loadings were investigated to identify optimal operating conditions. Results demonstrated peak performance at an organic loading of 2.0 g COD/L. Under these conditions, the system exhibited remarkable removal efficiencies for total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), and total suspended solids (TSS), while generating electrical output. Performance evaluation encompassed maximum voltage, current density, power density, coulombic efficiency, and pollutant removal metrics. Microbial community analysis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a diverse bacterial community in the anodic biofilm that contributed to improved system performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109166
Arthur Langlard , Hui Gu , Andrew G. Ewing , Estelle Lebègue
Amperometric measurements coupled to optical microscopy monitoring are used to detect the exocytosis process of a living cell in the presence of rhamnolipids in the medium. Chromaffin and pheochromocytoma cells are studied in the presence of the biosurfactant, without stimulation, in order to quantify the release of vesicular content at the ultramicroelectrode. The microscopy imaging of the target single cell during the amperometric measurement allows for the observation of the progressive disruption of the cell in the presence of rhamnolipids in the medium. The data collected show the irreversible action of rhamnolipids on the living cell, from the beginning of vesicular release, measured by the appearance of current spikes in amperometry, to cell death monitored by microscopy. An important change in cellular structure is observed in the microscopy images of the target cell, suggesting that the membrane is dissolved and ruptured, or becomes very permeable and swells. This initial work shows that the presence of rhamnolipids in the medium leads to stimulation of exocytosis, followed by premature cell death.
{"title":"Vesicle impact electrochemistry shows the irreversible destructive effect of rhamnolipid biosurfactants on living cells","authors":"Arthur Langlard , Hui Gu , Andrew G. Ewing , Estelle Lebègue","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amperometric measurements coupled to optical microscopy monitoring are used to detect the exocytosis process of a living cell in the presence of rhamnolipids in the medium. Chromaffin and pheochromocytoma cells are studied in the presence of the biosurfactant, without stimulation, in order to quantify the release of vesicular content at the ultramicroelectrode. The microscopy imaging of the target single cell during the amperometric measurement allows for the observation of the progressive disruption of the cell in the presence of rhamnolipids in the medium. The data collected show the irreversible action of rhamnolipids on the living cell, from the beginning of vesicular release, measured by the appearance of current spikes in amperometry, to cell death monitored by microscopy. An important change in cellular structure is observed in the microscopy images of the target cell, suggesting that the membrane is dissolved and ruptured, or becomes very permeable and swells. This initial work shows that the presence of rhamnolipids in the medium leads to stimulation of exocytosis, followed by premature cell death.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145511480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) caused by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) poses a major threat to pipeline integrity in shale gas operations. Current industry standards set a control threshold of 25 cells/mL for SRB, but its scientific validity remains unclear. This study investigates the corrosion behavior of L245N steel under varying initial SRB concentrations (104 to 25 cells/mL) with 50 ppm THPS biocide presence. Results reveal a distinct threshold effect between 103 and 102 cells/mL, where corrosion severity, biofilm thickness, and sessile cell count drop sharply. Further reductions below 102 cells/mL produce negligible corrosion impact. However, there is no substantial difference between 100, 50, and 25 cells/mL, indicating a plateau effect. Sessile cell counts, biofilm morphology, electrochemical parameters, and corrosion rates all support this finding. Additionally, mixed microbial consortia enhanced SRB survival under biocidal conditions. These results suggest that the current standard may not be sufficient for MIC prevention and highlight the need for revised standards based on corrosion behavior rather than planktonic cell counts alone.
{"title":"Influence of initial cell counts on the microbiologically influenced corrosion of L245N steel in shale gas environments","authors":"Yanran Wang , Hongfa Huang , Yongfan Tang , Shaomu Wen , Xulin Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) caused by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) poses a major threat to pipeline integrity in shale gas operations. Current industry standards set a control threshold of 25 cells/mL for SRB, but its scientific validity remains unclear. This study investigates the corrosion behavior of L245N steel under varying initial SRB concentrations (10<sup>4</sup> to 25 cells/mL) with 50 ppm THPS biocide presence. Results reveal a distinct threshold effect between 10<sup>3</sup> and 10<sup>2</sup> cells/mL, where corrosion severity, biofilm thickness, and sessile cell count drop sharply. Further reductions below 10<sup>2</sup> cells/mL produce negligible corrosion impact. However, there is no substantial difference between 100, 50, and 25 cells/mL, indicating a plateau effect. Sessile cell counts, biofilm morphology, electrochemical parameters, and corrosion rates all support this finding. Additionally, mixed microbial consortia enhanced SRB survival under biocidal conditions. These results suggest that the current standard may not be sufficient for MIC prevention and highlight the need for revised standards based on corrosion behavior rather than planktonic cell counts alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109164
Jianqi Yuan , Bin Lai , Jens Olaf Krömer
Biophotovoltaic (BPV) systems offer a sustainable strategy for solar energy conversion by harvesting the oxygenic photoautotrophic electrons via the extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathway. The photosynthetic pigments absorb light to drive water splitting and generate reducing equivalents for both growth and EET, which thus defines BPV performance is closely tied to light quality. This study evaluated a ferricyanide-mediated BPV system under two light conditions: monochromatic 620-nm red light and broad-spectrum white light, each applied at low (50 μmol photons m−2 s−1) and high (300 μmol photons m−2 s−1) intensities. Ferricyanide was chosen as the most stable and practical mediator for long-term, outdoor applications. At low intensity, both light types yielded similar photocurrents. However, under high-intensity white light, ferricyanide degraded into toxic cyanide, disrupting cell viability and system function. In contrast, red light preserved mediator stability and significantly enhanced EET, even under very high intensity (up to 1200 μmol photons m−2 s−1). While stronger light did not improve cell growth, it boosted EET, emphasizing its role as a potential energy dissipation pathway. These findings highlight the importance of matching light quality to both microbial pigment absorption and mediator stability, and moreover, provide a viable strategy for outdoor BPV deployment.
{"title":"Comparative effects of monochromatic red and broad-spectrum white light on biophotovoltaics: Stability, efficiency, and application potential","authors":"Jianqi Yuan , Bin Lai , Jens Olaf Krömer","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biophotovoltaic (BPV) systems offer a sustainable strategy for solar energy conversion by harvesting the oxygenic photoautotrophic electrons via the extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathway. The photosynthetic pigments absorb light to drive water splitting and generate reducing equivalents for both growth and EET, which thus defines BPV performance is closely tied to light quality. This study evaluated a ferricyanide-mediated BPV system under two light conditions: monochromatic 620-nm red light and broad-spectrum white light, each applied at low (50 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) and high (300 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) intensities. Ferricyanide was chosen as the most stable and practical mediator for long-term, outdoor applications. At low intensity, both light types yielded similar photocurrents. However, under high-intensity white light, ferricyanide degraded into toxic cyanide, disrupting cell viability and system function. In contrast, red light preserved mediator stability and significantly enhanced EET, even under very high intensity (up to 1200 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). While stronger light did not improve cell growth, it boosted EET, emphasizing its role as a potential energy dissipation pathway. These findings highlight the importance of matching light quality to both microbial pigment absorption and mediator stability, and moreover, provide a viable strategy for outdoor BPV deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109144
Ping Gao , Qiang Zhang , Jing Sun , Zhongmin Su , Qi Chang , Leijiao Li , Wenliang Li
Although natural enzymes exhibit high selectivity and catalytic efficiency, their complex structures and inherent variability limit the long-term monitoring capabilities. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) biomimetic mineralization offers stability protection for enzymes, but it increases diffusion obstruction and reduces activity of encapsulated enzymes. To overcome these challenges, a biosensor based on MOF-74 biomimetic mineralization of three enzymes and combined with arginine-derived carbon dots (Argdot) was designed for monitoring key indicators (glucose, lactic acid, and xanthine) of muscle fatigue. The Boron‑nitrogen co-doped porous carbon nanospheres/reduced graphene oxide electrode (B,NMCNS/rGO) was used as the sensing substrate and the MOF-74/enzyme/Argdot was served as selective recognition layer. The detection sensitivities for glucose, lactic acid, and xanthine are 182.4 nA μM−1 cm−2, 386.6 nA mM−1 cm−2, and 207.6 nA μM−1 cm−2. The sensors exhibit excellent linear ranges that fully encompass the physiological concentration intervals of all three biomarkers in sweat, and maintain over 94 % of its current response over 60 day-storage. Experiments conducted under several conditions demonstrate that the sensing system can dynamically monitor the variation of glucose, lactic acid, and xanthine in sweat. This study highlights the considerable promise of a noninvasive and continuous sensing system for point-of-care assessment and effective management in sports health.
虽然天然酶具有高选择性和催化效率，但其复杂的结构和内在的可变性限制了长期监测能力。金属有机框架（MOFs）仿生矿化为酶提供了稳定性保护，但增加了酶的扩散障碍，降低了酶的活性。为了克服这些挑战，设计了一种基于MOF-74仿生矿化三种酶并结合精氨酸衍生碳点（Argdot）的生物传感器，用于监测肌肉疲劳的关键指标（葡萄糖、乳酸和黄嘌呤）。以硼氮共掺杂多孔碳纳米球/还原氧化石墨烯电极（B,NMCNS/rGO）作为传感底物，MOF-74/酶/Argdot作为选择性识别层。葡萄糖、乳酸和黄嘌呤的检测灵敏度分别为182.4 nA μM-1 cm-2、386.6 nA mM-1 cm-2和207.6 nA μM-1 cm-2。传感器表现出良好的线性范围，完全包含汗液中所有三种生物标志物的生理浓度区间，并在60天的储存时间内保持超过94%的当前响应。实验表明，该传感系统可以动态监测汗液中葡萄糖、乳酸和黄嘌呤的变化。这项研究强调了一种非侵入性和连续传感系统在运动健康的即时评估和有效管理方面的巨大前景。
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Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109159
Rui S. Gomes , Lucía Guillade , Andrés da Silva-Candal , Elías Ferreiro-Vila , Bruno K. Rodiño-Janeiro , Miguel A. Correa-Duarte , Susana G. Guerreiro , Ruben Fernandes , Daniela S. Oliveira , Joana R.L. Guerreiro , Felismina T.C. Moreira
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine that plays a significant role in tumour growth and angiogenesis in various malignant tumours. Here, an integrated fluidic immunosensor capable of detecting the concentration of IL-6 protein in fetal bovine serum (FBS) samples using an electrochemical method in a fluidic biochip fabricated on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) is presented.
To improve the performance of the immunosensor, the SPCEs was modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes-poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/gold nanoparticles (MWCNTs-PAH/AuNPs), which improves antibody IL-6 attachment and electron transfer efficiency. The morphological and structural properties of the nanocomposites were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, while electrochemical properties were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor exhibited a linear detection range for IL-6 protein from 0.001 to 0.1 ng mL−1, with a limit of detection 0.05 pg mL−1. Tests were performed to assess reproducibility, stability and selectivity for IL-6 in FBS samples. This immunosensor provides a sensitive, minimally invasive and simple method for the determination of clinical IL-6 protein levels. Compared to the traditional IL-6 protein batch sensor method, the approach provided by this integrated fluidic immunosensor higher sensitivity, reproducibility and faster detection.
白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）是一种重要的细胞因子，在各种恶性肿瘤的肿瘤生长和血管生成中起重要作用。本文提出了一种集成的流体免疫传感器，能够利用电化学方法检测胎牛血清（FBS）样品中IL-6蛋白的浓度，该传感器安装在基于丝网印刷碳电极（SPCEs）的流体生物芯片上。为了提高免疫传感器的性能，采用多壁碳纳米管-聚丙烯胺/金纳米颗粒（MWCNTs-PAH/AuNPs）修饰spce，提高了抗体IL-6的附着和电子传递效率。利用扫描电镜（SEM）和拉曼光谱（Raman spectroscopy）表征了纳米复合材料的形态和结构特性，并利用循环伏安法（CV）和方波伏安法（SWV）评价了纳米复合材料的电化学性能。在最佳条件下，免疫传感器对IL-6蛋白的线性检测范围为0.001 ~ 0.1 ng mL−1，检测限为0.05 pg mL−1。进行试验以评估IL-6在FBS样品中的重现性、稳定性和选择性。该免疫传感器为临床检测IL-6蛋白水平提供了一种灵敏、微创、简便的方法。与传统的IL-6蛋白批量传感器方法相比，该方法具有更高的灵敏度、重现性和更快的检测速度。
{"title":"A flow-based diagnostic approach for early inflammation detection in clinical settings","authors":"Rui S. Gomes , Lucía Guillade , Andrés da Silva-Candal , Elías Ferreiro-Vila , Bruno K. Rodiño-Janeiro , Miguel A. Correa-Duarte , Susana G. Guerreiro , Ruben Fernandes , Daniela S. Oliveira , Joana R.L. Guerreiro , Felismina T.C. Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine that plays a significant role in tumour growth and angiogenesis in various malignant tumours. Here, an integrated fluidic immunosensor capable of detecting the concentration of IL-6 protein in fetal bovine serum (FBS) samples using an electrochemical method in a fluidic biochip fabricated on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) is presented.</div><div>To improve the performance of the immunosensor, the SPCEs was modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes-poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/gold nanoparticles (MWCNTs-PAH/AuNPs), which improves antibody IL-6 attachment and electron transfer efficiency. The morphological and structural properties of the nanocomposites were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, while electrochemical properties were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor exhibited a linear detection range for IL-6 protein from 0.001 to 0.1 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>, with a limit of detection 0.05 pg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Tests were performed to assess reproducibility, stability and selectivity for IL-6 in FBS samples. This immunosensor provides a sensitive, minimally invasive and simple method for the determination of clinical IL-6 protein levels. Compared to the traditional IL-6 protein batch sensor method, the approach provided by this integrated fluidic immunosensor higher sensitivity, reproducibility and faster detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109161
R. Divya Mohan , Shashanka Rajendrachari , Habdias de Araujo Silva Neto , A. Santhy , R. Rejithamol
The presence of elevated glutamate levels is linked to a variety of neurological disorders, creating an urgent demand for advancements in glutamate detection technologies. This review underscores the major advancements and breakthroughs that have influenced the development of L-glutamate biosensing technologies, showcasing the significant progress made over time. Electrochemical glutamate sensors are widely used for real-time in vivo monitoring of glutamate with high temporal resolution. Electrochemical sensors can detect rapid glutamate changes on the order of seconds or faster, providing sub-second temporal resolution that captures transient neurotransmitter release events. Enzyme-based microsensors have demonstrated detection limits in the low micromolar or hundreds or tens-of-nanomolar range, suitable for physiological extracellular glutamate levels. This review focuses on the advances in enzymatic electrochemical sensors for the neurotransmitter L-Glutamate in brain fluids.
{"title":"Exploration and advances in enzymatic electrochemical biosensors for in vivo detection of brain glutamate","authors":"R. Divya Mohan , Shashanka Rajendrachari , Habdias de Araujo Silva Neto , A. Santhy , R. Rejithamol","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of elevated glutamate levels is linked to a variety of neurological disorders, creating an urgent demand for advancements in glutamate detection technologies. This review underscores the major advancements and breakthroughs that have influenced the development of L-glutamate biosensing technologies, showcasing the significant progress made over time. Electrochemical glutamate sensors are widely used for real-time in vivo monitoring of glutamate with high temporal resolution. Electrochemical sensors can detect rapid glutamate changes on the order of seconds or faster, providing sub-second temporal resolution that captures transient neurotransmitter release events. Enzyme-based microsensors have demonstrated detection limits in the low micromolar or hundreds or tens-of-nanomolar range, suitable for physiological extracellular glutamate levels. This review focuses on the advances in enzymatic electrochemical sensors for the neurotransmitter L-Glutamate in brain fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145457042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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