Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry最新文献

In this study, we employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, complemented by experimental validation, to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of tenghuang jiangu wan (THJGW) in the context of osteoporosis (OP) treatment. Our investigation delineated the underlying mechanism of action. To simulate clinical postmenopausal osteoporosis, we used a rat model of bilateral ovary removal. Through assessment of bone mineral density, bone microstructure, histological examination of bone tissues and evaluation of biochemical markers, it was confirmed that THJGW can effectively increase the number of bone trabeculae in ovx rats and improve structural damage. In addition, it has a significant protective effect on bone turnover, thereby demonstrating its therapeutic potential for OP. Furthermore, using bioinformatics analysis, we predicted that THJGW could modulate various processes in vivo. These include the regulation of inflammatory responses, growth factors, steroid hormone levels, biosynthetic pathways, and effects on lipids and atherosclerosis. Additionally, we investigated its role in the lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathway. By activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and concurrently inhibiting the Axin2/PPAR-γ signaling pathway, THJGW promotes the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, reduces adipocyte production, and enhances bone formation. This dual mechanism underscores their preventive and therapeutic potential against OP. This study provides valuable scientific insights and a robust theoretical foundation for the clinical use of THJGW.

Deer hide gelatin (DHG) is a food and pharmaceutical product derived from deer hide. However, the identifying the subspecies origin of red deer in the DHG still poses challenges. This study describes a novel approach for identifying DHG derived from Tarim red deer. It employs labeled peptides specific to species-specific proteins found in Tarim red deer. Species-specific proteins of Tarim red deer were identified and validated using proteomic techniques. A peptide derived from a specific protein of Tarim red deer was synthesized and employed for the development of the liquid chromatography multiplex reaction monitoring mass spectroscopy method. The capability of this method was evaluated using homemade gelatin for testing purposes. Proteomic analysis revealed the presence of a diverse range of proteins in the skin of the Tarim red deer, including Ig-like and serpin domain-containing proteins. The peptide derived from the species-specific Ig-like domain-containing protein of Tarim red deer demonstrated exceptional specificity towards DHG. Standard Pep-1 solutions were examined at a concentration of 1 × 10⁻⁴ mg/mL using liquid chromatography multiplex reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. DHG from Tarim red deer could be accurately detected using this technology. The effectiveness of the synthetic Tarim red deer-specific peptide in enhancing motor function and neuromuscular coordination was confirmed through assessment of glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity, as well as Drosophila climbing assay and "Smurf test". The method developed in this study could improve the quality control of DHG from Tarim red deer and the development of health products and could also be applied to the identification of other foods and drugs containing protein components.

The current study aims to assess the risk in humans due to six heavy metals, namely zinc, iron, copper, cadmium, arsenic, and lead, present in the tanker water supplied in the rural area of Bangalore called Kudlu village. Water samples were analyzed for a total period of 18 months between September 2021 to February 2023. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters were assessed for the collected water samples that included 04 tanker water and 01 purified water. Chlorine, pH, alkalinity, cyanuric acid, total hardness, conductivity, temperature, sodium, potassium, total dissolved solids, calcium, and magnesium was taken into consideration. Further bacteriological contamination by E.coli was also tested. Water Quality Indices were calculated based on these parameters. Water quality indices of the tanker water samples indicated that the quality of water was not suitable for drinking. The indices like exposure frequency, Hazard coefficient, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were calculated for both adults and infants for these heavy metals. The results indicated that the heavy metal concentration observed during the studied time period poses no risk to human health.

Objectives

The topic of the relationship between analgesia and cancer recurrence inoncology surgery is a subject of debate in the field. Administering analgesic drugs after breast cancer surgery could potentially impact the long-term outcomes for patients. During breast cancer surgery, DEX, a potent α2 adrenergic receptoragonist, is often administered as an analgesic. Despite its common use, the analgesic effect of DEX and its potential impact on the progression of breast cancer remain uncertain.

Methods

To investigate the impact of DEX on breast cancer cells, cells exposed to DEX were collected and analyzed through cell apoptosis detection and synchrotron radiation micro-infrared spectroscopy.

Results

Following DEX treatment, the absorption peaks of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines showed significant redshift at 1230–1250 cm⁻¹ and 1380–1420 cm⁻¹ bands (p<0.05). The absorption peak in the 1500–1700 cm⁻¹ band decreased (p<0.05), while the 2910–2990 cm⁻¹ absorption peak increased, along with other apoptotic characteristics (p<0.05). Our cell experiment results demonstrated that DEX was capable of protecting cell immunity via the down-regulation of TLR-4 receptor and effectively hindered the growth of breast cancer cells.

Conclusion

The cell and spectrum experiments' results indicate that DEX can encourage tumor cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that DEX is safe to use for breast cancer surgery and pain management.

For this research, we performed a 2D-QSAR analysis on a set of 34 molecules derived from dimedone with inhibitory activity against human colon cancer (HT-29). The investigation incorporated principal component analysis (PCA), multiple linear regression (MLR), multiple non-linear regression (MNLR), and artificial neural network (ANN). The evaluations of the QSAR models demonstrated high predictive power (R²_MLR = 0.884; R²_CV (MLR) = 0.86), (R²_MNLR = 0.810; R²_CV (MNLR) = 0.879), and (R²_ANN = 0.9; R²_CV (ANN) = 0.89). The reliability of the models was validated through internal, external, Y-randomization, and validation domain applicability assessments. Utilizing the QSAR model predictions, we designed four new molecular structures that exhibited superior inhibitory activity against the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line compared to the 34 previously tested compounds. Subsequently, we examined the ADMET predictions, Molinspiration, and Osiris properties of the four compounds. The results revealed excellent ADMET predictions and Molinspiration for all four compounds, while only one designed compound fulfilled all Osiris properties. Molecular docking was employed to investigate the bindings between the newly designed molecule C and the c-Met protein. The findings indicated that the newly designed compound exhibited high stability in c-Met. Finally, MD simulations were employed to assess the stability and binding modes of compound C. Based on the MD results, compound C shows promise as a potential c-Met agonist candidate. Overall, our results suggest that this investigated compound has the potential to serve as a novel inhibitor against human colon cancer.

Auxin (mainly indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) is one of the most essential phytohormones with various roles for land plants at different evolution stages and its polar transportation in plants suggested the importance of obtaining its amounts in different plant tissues. Because Marchantia polymorpha is at the entry evolution level, the IAA contents in its tissues would be useful for the study of IAA evolution. Although electrochemical detection offers a possible method for the measurement of IAA amounts, the cost for fabrication of electrochemical sensors is still high given the amounts of IAA tests in the future. Herein a low-cost disposable electrochemical analytical platform was constructed for analysis of IAA in tiny plant samples. Specifically, disposable carbon electrodes were prepared by modifying stainless steel wire mesh with inexpensive carbon ink because of less amounts of materials. The electrode was then integrated with a paper-based analytical device to form a disposable and low-cost platform for rapid electrochemical detection of IAA. For the modified electrode, the highest electrochemical responses for IAA could be obtained when the carbon ink was diluted for 3.5 times. The optimized pH value of the buffer solution for testing was 7.0, which is close to the physiological condition. Coupled with sample treatment using zirconium beads, this approach could successfully differentiate IAA in different tissues of Marchantia polymorpha. The obtained results agreed well with previous reports. This study suggested a sustainable electrochemical analytical detection platform for the study of IAA in practical applications.

The artificial nanomaterials with surface modification are promising platform in targeted therapy, but the nanomaterials are easily tracked by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) before reaching the target sites. Here we report a biomimetic camouflage system, macrophage membrane (MM) coated iron-poly(tannic acid) nanoparticels (Fe-PTA NPs) for targeted drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MM inherits the surface protein profiles from macrophage (RAW 264.7 cells), which would escape from RES and target the homotypic cells. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into MM-Fe-PTA NPs, and demonstrated pH-responsive release ability. In addition, the MM-Fe-PTA NPs can be used as T₁-weighted MRI contrast agents for targeted MRI. This cell membrane camouflage strategy has great potential and challenge for clinic targeted therapy.

Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) is a proven technique to reduce nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions from stationary sources. The process utilizes NH₃ or urea as a reducing agent, which is only effective in a narrow and high temperature range with the maximum NO_x abatement falling with the increase of the O₂ content. In large industrial boilers, the effectiveness of the deNO_x process may be decreased with boiler load variations and excess O₂. This study investigated carbohydrazide as a reagent to improve SNCR performance. NO reduction by carbohydrazide was experimentally investigated in a pilot-scale flow reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, molar ratio of NH₂ to NO (normalized stoichiometric ratio, NSR) on the NO reduction was determined. Moreover, the promotion effect of carbohydrazide on the reactivity of NH₃ and urea was also investigated. The experimental results indicated that NO reduction by carbohydrazide occurred in a relatively low temperature range of 650–850 °C, and the optimum reaction temperature was about 730 °C at NSR of 2.0, the O₂ content of 11.5%–16.6% and the initial NO_x concentration of 635 mg/m³. After adding a small amount of carbohydrazide to an NH₃ or urea solution, the data showed that carbohydrazide could shift the temperature window of NH₃ to the left, but had no positive effect on urea deNO_x and the NO conversion efficiencies of NH₃ deNO_x. Consequently, carbohydrazide is a potential reducing agent for NO_x, but was not adapted to improve the deNO_x performance with NH₃ and urea.

In this work, a self-assembly approach is proposed to bio-functionalize the fully packaged microfluidic biosensors for catalyzing glucose based on the designed and fabricated microfluidic chip with suspending structure by micro-electro-mechanical system technology. Glucose oxidase is successfully immobilized on the surface of microelectrodes to build composite layers by the proposed self-assembly approach, with cysteamine applied as a functional linker. The biological activity and stability of glucose oxidase is optimized by the electrodeposition of chitosan membrane. Experiments results suggest that the fully packaged microfluidic biosensor integrated with self-assembled glucose oxidase can effectively detect the existence of glucose in sample solution. The detection range of glucose concentration is 0–10 mM. With SNR of 3, the detection limit is 51.2 μM and sensitivity is 23.47 ± 1.36 μA·cm⁻²·mM⁻¹ within low concentration range of 0–0.1 mM, while the detection limit is 497 μM and the sensitivity is 10.63 ± 1.28 μA·cm⁻²·mM⁻¹ among high concentration range of 0.1–10 mM. The proposed study provides a straightforward method to construct a microfluidic biosensor, which is promising in miniaturized clinical medical device.