A. Z. Zainal Abidin, Z. Mohd Jawi, D. Kak, C. Tan, M. A. Abdul Wahab, M. R. Osman, Ankur Omar, K. A. Abu Kassim
Issues related to tyre safety are one of the major concerns when discussing the motor-vehicles' safety. Moreover, various articles reported in the print and electronic media on tyre failures, particularly involving retread tyres were often associated as the cause of crashes. However, before any effective solutions can be proposed to the relevant authorities, weaknesses and loopholes in the current ecosystem needs to be identified. Thus, this paper is aimed at reviewing the current status of motor vehicle tyre ecosystem in the country and establishing the knowledge on current related issues. This paper will look into five stages in the ecosystem, from tyre production until disposal and tyre scraping. Current and potential gaps are identified and recommendations to improve the situations are put forward. To enable a clearer explanation of the issues found and the proposed recommendations, the findings are tabulated according to each stage. The findings are expected to provide useful insights into the current status and issues in the ecosystem, and providing a useful and beneficial method of solution.
{"title":"Motor-Vehicle Tyre Ecosystem in Malaysia - A Status Review","authors":"A. Z. Zainal Abidin, Z. Mohd Jawi, D. Kak, C. Tan, M. A. Abdul Wahab, M. R. Osman, Ankur Omar, K. A. Abu Kassim","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.133","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Issues related to tyre safety are one of the major concerns when discussing the motor-vehicles' safety. Moreover, various articles reported in the print and electronic media on tyre failures, particularly involving retread tyres were often associated as the cause of crashes. However, before any effective solutions can be proposed to the relevant authorities, weaknesses and loopholes in the current ecosystem needs to be identified. Thus, this paper is aimed at reviewing the current status of motor vehicle tyre ecosystem in the country and establishing the knowledge on current related issues. This paper will look into five stages in the ecosystem, from tyre production until disposal and tyre scraping. Current and potential gaps are identified and recommendations to improve the situations are put forward. To enable a clearer explanation of the issues found and the proposed recommendations, the findings are tabulated according to each stage. The findings are expected to provide useful insights into the current status and issues in the ecosystem, and providing a useful and beneficial method of solution. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128806621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motorcycle is the primary mode of motor transportation in ASEAN countries including Malaysia. Nonetheless, motorcycle crashes have contributed more than 50% of the total number of fatalities due to motor vehicle crashes. High numbers of fatalities in motor vehicle crashes are a significant concern to Malaysia. On average, the number of fatalities increased by 4% every year. To address this problem, more intervention shall be taken to reduce motorcycle-related motor vehicle crashes. Passenger vehicle is the most frequent crash partner of motorcycle in Malaysia, thus, the characteristics of this kind of crashes shall be studied holistically to understand the contributing factors to crashes involving passenger vehicle and motorcycle. To achieve the objectives, this study has analysed 55 cases of crash involving motorcycle and passenger vehicle, which are obtained from in-depth crash investigation process from June 2016 until July 2017. The in-depth crash investigation has collected and analysed vehicle and site parameters including the crash configuration. It was found that the passenger vehicle was at fault in more than 60% of the investigated cases. The crashes mostly occurred whenever the passenger vehicle was changing lane to the left and was making a right turn in the junction. This indicated that the passenger vehicle drivers were unaware or overestimated the distance between the motorcycle and their vehicle. Therefore, new technology, which can detect the position and distance of motorcycles around the passenger vehicle, can possibly alert the driver from making inaccurate decisions while attempting to change lane or making a right turn.
{"title":"A Preliminary Study on Motor Vehicle Crash Characteristics Involving Motorcycle and Passenger Vehicle in Malaysia","authors":"D. Kak, A. Z. Zainal Abidin","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i4.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i4.144","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Motorcycle is the primary mode of motor transportation in ASEAN countries including Malaysia. Nonetheless, motorcycle crashes have contributed more than 50% of the total number of fatalities due to motor vehicle crashes. High numbers of fatalities in motor vehicle crashes are a significant concern to Malaysia. On average, the number of fatalities increased by 4% every year. To address this problem, more intervention shall be taken to reduce motorcycle-related motor vehicle crashes. Passenger vehicle is the most frequent crash partner of motorcycle in Malaysia, thus, the characteristics of this kind of crashes shall be studied holistically to understand the contributing factors to crashes involving passenger vehicle and motorcycle. To achieve the objectives, this study has analysed 55 cases of crash involving motorcycle and passenger vehicle, which are obtained from in-depth crash investigation process from June 2016 until July 2017. The in-depth crash investigation has collected and analysed vehicle and site parameters including the crash configuration. It was found that the passenger vehicle was at fault in more than 60% of the investigated cases. The crashes mostly occurred whenever the passenger vehicle was changing lane to the left and was making a right turn in the junction. This indicated that the passenger vehicle drivers were unaware or overestimated the distance between the motorcycle and their vehicle. Therefore, new technology, which can detect the position and distance of motorcycles around the passenger vehicle, can possibly alert the driver from making inaccurate decisions while attempting to change lane or making a right turn. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134588509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. Muhamad Azmi, A. H. Ismail, M. Hashim, M.S. Azizizol, S. A. Abu Bakar, N. S. Kamarrudin, I. Ibrahim, M. Zuradzman, A. Harun, I. Ibrahim, M. Faizi, M. Saad, M. Rani, M. A. Rojan, M. H. Md Isa
The initial works on Blind Spot Zone (BSZ) identification presents the importance of the blind spot towards the everyday drive. The alarming collision rate in the blind spot zone especially when changing lanes has triggered the necessity of BSZ detection and warning system, focusing on a daily-used and affordable car segment. Such technologies are recently available at top variant cars. Therefore, a low cost yet facilitative BSZ detection and warning system is required. This paper presents the continuity experimental result of identification of the BSZ of three different car segments, i.e. Perodua Viva in a compact A-segment car, Perodua Myvi in a compact B-segment and Proton Suprima in a C- segment hatchback. Instead of using volunteered persons, this paper presents a dedicated platform with adjustable heights and camera to replace the human. The results show that the blind spot area and angle is affected by types of car model and driver heights. Also, the relationship between the blind spot area and angle with driver height can be shown in a straight line.
{"title":"Parametric Study of a Blind Spot Zone: Case Studies of Perodua Viva, Perodua Myvi and Proton Suprima","authors":"M. M. Muhamad Azmi, A. H. Ismail, M. Hashim, M.S. Azizizol, S. A. Abu Bakar, N. S. Kamarrudin, I. Ibrahim, M. Zuradzman, A. Harun, I. Ibrahim, M. Faizi, M. Saad, M. Rani, M. A. Rojan, M. H. Md Isa","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.131","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The initial works on Blind Spot Zone (BSZ) identification presents the importance of the blind spot towards the everyday drive. The alarming collision rate in the blind spot zone especially when changing lanes has triggered the necessity of BSZ detection and warning system, focusing on a daily-used and affordable car segment. Such technologies are recently available at top variant cars. Therefore, a low cost yet facilitative BSZ detection and warning system is required. This paper presents the continuity experimental result of identification of the BSZ of three different car segments, i.e. Perodua Viva in a compact A-segment car, Perodua Myvi in a compact B-segment and Proton Suprima in a C- segment hatchback. Instead of using volunteered persons, this paper presents a dedicated platform with adjustable heights and camera to replace the human. The results show that the blind spot area and angle is affected by types of car model and driver heights. Also, the relationship between the blind spot area and angle with driver height can be shown in a straight line. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122888472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The suspension system is required in an automobile in order to absorb shock that comes from various type of disturbances such as irregular road profile, engine vibrations and wheel. Besides, the suspension plays an important part in enhancing the passenger ride comfort. The suspension will make sure that the tire is always contacted with the road for a better grip and braking. Conventionally, passive suspension has been used in car manufacturing that leads to huge vibrations that affect the ride quality. This is because ride comfort of passengers gets affected by overshoot and settling time of vehicle under vibration. Therefore, a good controller design is required to minimize the vibrations. In this research, an active suspension of quarter car model that considers only vertical movement is utilized in the suspension system. This paper presents a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method to enhance the vehicle ride comfort towards the vibration of the suspension system. The control design approach is then compared with the classical control which is the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) that is set as a benchmark control. The results for both controllers are evaluated through simulations in MATLAB and Simulink Software. Other than using the passenger vehicle parameters, the parameters of bus are also tested into the system to investigate the vehicle performance by taking the bumps and road pavements as road disturbances. The results obtained from the simulations show that the responses of the quadratic based approach give the significant improvement in minimizing the vibration and fast settling time compared to passive and PID control.
{"title":"Linear Quadratic Regulator Based Control Device for Active Suspension System with Enhanced Vehicle Ride Comfort","authors":"Mohd Fitri Mohd Yakub Zul-Hilmi, Z. A. Rasid","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v2i3.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v2i3.97","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The suspension system is required in an automobile in order to absorb shock that comes from various type of disturbances such as irregular road profile, engine vibrations and wheel. Besides, the suspension plays an important part in enhancing the passenger ride comfort. The suspension will make sure that the tire is always contacted with the road for a better grip and braking. Conventionally, passive suspension has been used in car manufacturing that leads to huge vibrations that affect the ride quality. This is because ride comfort of passengers gets affected by overshoot and settling time of vehicle under vibration. Therefore, a good controller design is required to minimize the vibrations. In this research, an active suspension of quarter car model that considers only vertical movement is utilized in the suspension system. This paper presents a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method to enhance the vehicle ride comfort towards the vibration of the suspension system. The control design approach is then compared with the classical control which is the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) that is set as a benchmark control. The results for both controllers are evaluated through simulations in MATLAB and Simulink Software. Other than using the passenger vehicle parameters, the parameters of bus are also tested into the system to investigate the vehicle performance by taking the bumps and road pavements as road disturbances. The results obtained from the simulations show that the responses of the quadratic based approach give the significant improvement in minimizing the vibration and fast settling time compared to passive and PID control. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114250534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. H. Abu Samah, S. Abu Bakar, S. Ramlan, R. A. Abdul Rahim
Some drivers think that seatbelt is not important, and some even not wearing it when driving a car. The awareness of using a seatbelt is questionable around the world. Even there are enough enforcement and rules, people may tend to forget or just ignore it. Some factors can lead or prevent someone from using a seatbelt, somehow the essence is always within the individual itself. This research discovered the seatbelt awareness among drivers that lives in the rural area. This research was done in Perlis, and a cross-sectional design was adopted in this study. The result reveal based on the three different generations and the area of living. Item constructed specifically for this study, and Cronbach Alpha is 0.75. Convenience sampling was done and 100 questionnaires were returned. Overall results showed the level of awareness among people living in Perlis is high, and there is a significant difference between three locations (village, FELDA, and residential area) in awareness level. The result of this study will bring benefits for the enforcement to help them identify areas and specific generations that need more attention.
{"title":"Seatbelt Safety Awareness Among Perlis Drivers: Demographic Differences","authors":"I. H. Abu Samah, S. Abu Bakar, S. Ramlan, R. A. Abdul Rahim","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.129","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Some drivers think that seatbelt is not important, and some even not wearing it when driving a car. The awareness of using a seatbelt is questionable around the world. Even there are enough enforcement and rules, people may tend to forget or just ignore it. Some factors can lead or prevent someone from using a seatbelt, somehow the essence is always within the individual itself. This research discovered the seatbelt awareness among drivers that lives in the rural area. This research was done in Perlis, and a cross-sectional design was adopted in this study. The result reveal based on the three different generations and the area of living. Item constructed specifically for this study, and Cronbach Alpha is 0.75. Convenience sampling was done and 100 questionnaires were returned. Overall results showed the level of awareness among people living in Perlis is high, and there is a significant difference between three locations (village, FELDA, and residential area) in awareness level. The result of this study will bring benefits for the enforcement to help them identify areas and specific generations that need more attention. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127898127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hamzah, M.T.S. Helmy Syamza, M. A. Ahmad, A. H. Ariffin, M. S. Solah, N. F. Paiman
This study attempts to analyse new helmet performance which was certified to MS1:1996 standards (impact energy attenuation and penetration resistance) with respect to a newly established standard MS1:2011 which has a strong resemblance to the United Nations Regulation No 22 (UNR22). Few helmet models were randomly purchased and tests were performed in an established technical laboratory. The result indicated that one of five popular models was able to meet the requirements of the new standards. The rest of the helmet samples were only managed to pass partially, for example they performed well in the frontal impact test but performed poorly in the lateral impact. Few helmets failed to meet the minimum impact speed requirements. In brief, the new standards are more comprehensive and have more demanding requirements for existing product range to comply with and some changes to the existing helmet design may be necessary and it is achievable.
{"title":"Assessing Motorcycle Safety Helmet Standards Compliance","authors":"A. Hamzah, M.T.S. Helmy Syamza, M. A. Ahmad, A. H. Ariffin, M. S. Solah, N. F. Paiman","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i4.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i4.139","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This study attempts to analyse new helmet performance which was certified to MS1:1996 standards (impact energy attenuation and penetration resistance) with respect to a newly established standard MS1:2011 which has a strong resemblance to the United Nations Regulation No 22 (UNR22). Few helmet models were randomly purchased and tests were performed in an established technical laboratory. The result indicated that one of five popular models was able to meet the requirements of the new standards. The rest of the helmet samples were only managed to pass partially, for example they performed well in the frontal impact test but performed poorly in the lateral impact. Few helmets failed to meet the minimum impact speed requirements. In brief, the new standards are more comprehensive and have more demanding requirements for existing product range to comply with and some changes to the existing helmet design may be necessary and it is achievable. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123769617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. H. Sufian, A. S. Jamaludin, A. N. Ibrahim, M. N. Mhd Razali, M. Osman, S. B. Hamzah
Interaction characteristics between tyre and asphalt pavement surface are one of the important aspects that need to be taken into consideration in maintaining the safety of driving through increasing the effectiveness of tyre and optimizing the possibility of skidding, especially during hydroplaning conditions. Lower quality of tyres in terms of tyre life, bad tyre rethreading, low tyre material quality plus lack of awareness by road users can be considered the main factors in occurrence of car accidents in Malaysia. The study is done on the contact performance between tyre surface and asphalt pavement in hot and humid Malaysia climate, with the application of Finite-Element Method. In maintaining or increasing the safety features of tyre, several parameters such as rotational speed, vehicle weight, tyre-road contact friction will be studied through computer simulation. It is estimated that increment of loading, surface contact between tyre and road pavement will increase, thus increasing the frictional contact. It is shown that effective frictional characteristic is needed, where traction, braking, life of tyre can be optimized.
{"title":"Tyre Safety Performance on Asphalt Pavement in Malaysia Climate - Analysis through Finite Element Method","authors":"A. H. Sufian, A. S. Jamaludin, A. N. Ibrahim, M. N. Mhd Razali, M. Osman, S. B. Hamzah","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Interaction characteristics between tyre and asphalt pavement surface are one of the important aspects that need to be taken into consideration in maintaining the safety of driving through increasing the effectiveness of tyre and optimizing the possibility of skidding, especially during hydroplaning conditions. Lower quality of tyres in terms of tyre life, bad tyre rethreading, low tyre material quality plus lack of awareness by road users can be considered the main factors in occurrence of car accidents in Malaysia. The study is done on the contact performance between tyre surface and asphalt pavement in hot and humid Malaysia climate, with the application of Finite-Element Method. In maintaining or increasing the safety features of tyre, several parameters such as rotational speed, vehicle weight, tyre-road contact friction will be studied through computer simulation. It is estimated that increment of loading, surface contact between tyre and road pavement will increase, thus increasing the frictional contact. It is shown that effective frictional characteristic is needed, where traction, braking, life of tyre can be optimized. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123805979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ibrahim, H. Mohamed Jamil, M. M. Abdul Manan, R. Hanowski
There is an urgent need to address motorcycle safety issues, especially in countries with high motorcycle ridership. This paper provides an overview of the research related to motorcycle movements in mixed traffic and their associated crash risk. It also highlights the factors that influence the risk of a crash from the perspective of motorcyclists and other motorists. The potential countermeasures to address the risk factors were also explored and suggestions were presented to improve the current status quo.
{"title":"Roaming the Virtual Lanes: Motorcyclists' Lane Filtering- Splitting Manoeuvres and Exposure to Road Crashes","authors":"M. Ibrahim, H. Mohamed Jamil, M. M. Abdul Manan, R. Hanowski","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i2.122","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000There is an urgent need to address motorcycle safety issues, especially in countries with high motorcycle ridership. This paper provides an overview of the research related to motorcycle movements in mixed traffic and their associated crash risk. It also highlights the factors that influence the risk of a crash from the perspective of motorcyclists and other motorists. The potential countermeasures to address the risk factors were also explored and suggestions were presented to improve the current status quo. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124958619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. H. Abu Samah, S. Ramlan, S. A. Abu Bakar, W. Radzi, A. Abashah, M. Hashim, A. Harun, W. Ahmad
Today, car safety has become the main concern for every car manufacturer in Malaysia. It requires good employees and management practices in sustaining the value of safety features in producing cars. Human resource plays a greater role in every organization including the car manufacturing industry. The value of a company is greater when they have expertise in their organization, knowledgeable workers and a good working environment in terms of facilities, organizational support, and management practices. This paper analyses human resource practices in the car manufacturing industry in terms of training and development and working environment by using the Job Characteristic Model (JCM). Despite the technologically driven industry, the human touch is crucial - an employee at all levels in the car manufacturing industry needs to be aware of the business goal, vision and mission of the company in producing the safest car. This study concludes that human resource practices have a significant relationship in producing safer cars in terms of training and development. This study warrants future research where human resource practices should be considered a crucial role in the technical and engineering area.
{"title":"The Impact of Human Resource Practices in Car Manufacturing Industry: Using a Job Characteristic Model","authors":"I. H. Abu Samah, S. Ramlan, S. A. Abu Bakar, W. Radzi, A. Abashah, M. Hashim, A. Harun, W. Ahmad","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Today, car safety has become the main concern for every car manufacturer in Malaysia. It requires good employees and management practices in sustaining the value of safety features in producing cars. Human resource plays a greater role in every organization including the car manufacturing industry. The value of a company is greater when they have expertise in their organization, knowledgeable workers and a good working environment in terms of facilities, organizational support, and management practices. This paper analyses human resource practices in the car manufacturing industry in terms of training and development and working environment by using the Job Characteristic Model (JCM). Despite the technologically driven industry, the human touch is crucial - an employee at all levels in the car manufacturing industry needs to be aware of the business goal, vision and mission of the company in producing the safest car. This study concludes that human resource practices have a significant relationship in producing safer cars in terms of training and development. This study warrants future research where human resource practices should be considered a crucial role in the technical and engineering area. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129590977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Issues surrounding the use of aged tyres are one of the major concerns with regard to vehicle safety. The changes in rubber components due to the ageing process may cause changes in a tyre's mechanical and chemical properties which may lead to road crashes attributed to tyre failure. The main objective of this study is to discover the effects of tyre shelf age and approval markings on the performance of aftermarket passenger car tyres. This study involved conducting accelerated ageing on the randomly purchased tyres. By utilizing the Design of Experiment method, 48 passenger car tyres from four tyre manufacturers were used as test samples representing 'Marked' and 'Non-marked' tyres. Half of the samples were subjected to accelerated ageing process using an accelerated ageing chamber to simulate the desired age, to the maximum of 5-year old shelf aged. All new and aged tyres comprising both 'Marked' and 'Non- marked' groups were then tested under the Tyre Performance Test protocols stipulated in the Malaysian Standard (MS) 149:2008. All of the samples were tested in accordance with MS 149:2008 and the results were compared thoroughly by markings, age and type of failure. The study implied that age did have effects on safety performance of the tyres and significant difference in terms of safety performance was observed between 'Marked' and 'Non-marked' tyres. In overall 'Marked' tyres showed superior performance as compared to 'Non-marked' tyres for all of the tests conducted. The results had also provided crucial reference in terms of suggested age of tyre life span for proactive tyre replacement. The suggested tire life span for proactive tire replacement is 7.2 years-old for 'Marked' tyres and 2.3 years old for 'Non-marked' tyres. Since the Malaysian government has already gazetted the mandatory standard on tyre markings for the local market, relevant authorities need to take responsibility for the effective and efficient enforcement of compliance with the standard.
{"title":"Effects of Shelf Age Based on Types of Approval Marking on Passenger Car Tyres' Safety Performance","authors":"Z. Syukri, K. D. Wing, O. M. Rasid, S. V. Wong","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v3i4.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i4.141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Issues surrounding the use of aged tyres are one of the major concerns with regard to vehicle safety. The changes in rubber components due to the ageing process may cause changes in a tyre's mechanical and chemical properties which may lead to road crashes attributed to tyre failure. The main objective of this study is to discover the effects of tyre shelf age and approval markings on the performance of aftermarket passenger car tyres. This study involved conducting accelerated ageing on the randomly purchased tyres. By utilizing the Design of Experiment method, 48 passenger car tyres from four tyre manufacturers were used as test samples representing 'Marked' and 'Non-marked' tyres. Half of the samples were subjected to accelerated ageing process using an accelerated ageing chamber to simulate the desired age, to the maximum of 5-year old shelf aged. All new and aged tyres comprising both 'Marked' and 'Non- marked' groups were then tested under the Tyre Performance Test protocols stipulated in the Malaysian Standard (MS) 149:2008. All of the samples were tested in accordance with MS 149:2008 and the results were compared thoroughly by markings, age and type of failure. The study implied that age did have effects on safety performance of the tyres and significant difference in terms of safety performance was observed between 'Marked' and 'Non-marked' tyres. In overall 'Marked' tyres showed superior performance as compared to 'Non-marked' tyres for all of the tests conducted. The results had also provided crucial reference in terms of suggested age of tyre life span for proactive tyre replacement. The suggested tire life span for proactive tire replacement is 7.2 years-old for 'Marked' tyres and 2.3 years old for 'Non-marked' tyres. Since the Malaysian government has already gazetted the mandatory standard on tyre markings for the local market, relevant authorities need to take responsibility for the effective and efficient enforcement of compliance with the standard. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122429438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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