Coordination Chemistry Reviews最新文献

Di(2-picolyl)amine appended luminescent probes have been developed as versatile tools for bioimaging and therapeutic applications. These probes offer real-time monitoring and visualization of metal ions, anions, and biomolecules in cellular systems. Specifically, it covers the detection and monitoring of metal ions such as Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, Al³⁺, Ag⁺, Pb²⁺ as well as anions including CN⁻, S²⁻, PO₄³⁻, pyrophosphate. Furthermore, the utility of DPA-based probes in detecting maleic acid, and various biomolecules is highlighted. Additionally, the specific binding properties of DPA have been exploited in therapeutic applications, leading to advancements in targeted therapeutics. This review emphasizes recent developments in DPA-appended luminescent probes for bioimaging and therapeutics.

The fossil fuels energy sources including natural gas, petroleum and coal are the major causes of energy and environmental-related crises. To defend the earth for upcoming generations, the prioritization of renewable energy and sustainability is crucial. To cope with these issues, numerous methodologies have been extensively employed. The most efficient and secondary pollutant-free technology for energy transformation and environmental mitigation is the use of semiconductor photocatalysis. Semiconductor photocatalysts absorb sunlight and produce electron-hole pairs which participate in redox reactions to generate reactive species such as peroxides, superoxides and hydroxide radicals. These reactive species can then drive numerous chemical reactions, making semiconductor photocatalysis a valuable technique for various applications. Thus, the development of eco-friendly and cost-effective photocatalysts capable of harnessing visible light energy and contributing to environmental remediation is highly crucial. Recently, doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) received significant interest for photocatalytic energy conversion and environmental remediation. The purpose of current review is to deliver a comprehensive overview of the up-to-date revolution in the doped g-C₃N₄ for various photocatalytic applications. This review mainly highlights the fundamentals, photocatalytic mechanisms, and factors affecting photocatalysis. Further, this review addresses the influence of metals and nonmetals doping on the performance of g-C₃N₄. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the latest advancement in the fabrication of doped g-C₃N₄ and their utilization in water splitting, photodegradation of pollutants, decontamination of bacteria, and reduction of CO₂. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of doped g-C₃N₄-based materials for addressing energy and environmental issues are discussed.

Employing photocatalysis to diminish CO₂ concentrations when exposed to visible spectrum illumination, converting it into energy materials and chemical products, is an effective method to achieve carbon cycling. Among the many catalysts, lanthanide-based metals, with gradually filling 4f orbitals that give them unique electronic structures, have garnered significant focus on the domain of decreasing CO₂ via photocatalytic methods. Lanthanide metals exhibit a 4f orbital shielding effect, meaning that the f-electrons neither engage in atomic interactions or have substantial orbital convergence with ligands. This minimizes the influence of the external environment on the outer electrons, allowing lanthanide-based catalysts to remain stable. This distinctive property also helps increase surface defects in the catalyst, forming charge bridges or heterojunctions that promote rapid electron transfer and inhibit the reunion of electrons and vacancies. To fully harness the photogenerated electrons in photocatalytic CO₂ reduction. However, as a result of the Laporte selection rule, the kinetic functionality of lanthanide metals is somewhat restricted and requires sensitization by other components. Therefore, understanding and designing the regulatory mechanisms of lanthanide metals is a notable area that warrants further investigation and analysis. Unfortunately, comprehensive reports in this field remain quite limited. Against this backdrop, this paper primarily summarizes the latest developments in lanthanide-based catalysts for CO₂ reduction. It concentrates on the regulatory mechanisms of different lanthanide elements in the CO₂ reduction method and elucidates the reduction mechanisms. Various photoelectrochemical tests, such as Transient Absorption Spectroscopy (TAS) and Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction (SXRD), have also confirmed that lanthanide catalysts can boost the efficiency of CO₂ mitigation. Lastly, the challenges facing lanthanide catalysts within the sphere of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction are discussed, and recommendations for future research directions are provided.

The quantification of the exact temperature with precision is fundamentally vital for scientific exploration and industrial production. As a result, the accuracy of regular thermometers is currently questionable for measuring the temperature at sub-micrometric spatial resolution. Hence, there is a high demand for advanced non-contact thermometer sensors, which aid in the alternative fabrication of luminescence thermometry to monitor the temperature with precision accuracy. Therefore, the current review article focuses on the recent advances in luminescence thermometry, also known as optical thermometry, and its applications in biomedical imaging and intracellular temperature sensing. The review will also provide a detailed discussion concerning spectroscopic approaches for temperature read-out, and different materials utilized in this field, including organic compounds, quantum dots, metal nanoclusters-based, upconverting nanoparticles, dye-doped nanoparticles, and luminescence thermometry based on rare-earths. Furthermore, covered is the synthesis of rare earth elements and post-transition metals-based near-infrared thermometric phosphors. Nonetheless, more research is required to completely comprehend the properties and realize the potential applications of these materials. To create high-performing thermometers with desired properties and thermometric parameters, it is crucial to have a deep understanding of the material parameters that affect the thermometric performance of the phosphor. This includes understanding the role of these parameters that relate to sensitivity. Furthermore, the temperature sensitivity also depends on the synthesis and size of the material for thermometry applications. As a result, more efforts are needed to improve the current synthesis methods that offer the nanoparticles because they have poor luminescence and a very low photoluminescence quantum yield. Lastly, we discuss notable factors influencing the sensitivity of optical thermometers and their future directions.

Polyoxometalates (POMs), also known as transition metal‑oxygen clusters deliver unique physical and chemical properties such as low effective surface charge density, high thermal stability, and multi-electron acceptance, making them suitable for proton conductors. In recent years, proton conductive POMs have achieved significant progress in high performance (>10⁻² S/cm) comparable to conventional materials through structural regulation strategies. At the same time, the veiled conduction mechanism has been elucidated by structural analysis and characterization. In this review, the research of POMs (Keggin-type, Dawson-type, composite materials) in proton conduction is reviewed mainly from the design strategy, proton conductivity and mechanism, structure-function relationship, and application, finally with a detailed discussion of challenges and prospects. This review will provide more inspiration for exploring and applying proton-conducting POM materials.

As the saturation rate of the bulk polyolefin market accelerates, the development of high value-added polyolefins becomes increasingly urgent. Particular attention is directed towards advancing olefin block (co)polymers with innovative structures and functions, valued for their exceptional compatibility, mechanical properties, and solubility. The INFUSE from Dow Chemical has achieved significant success in both application market and basic research. Late transition metal catalysts exhibit distinctive advantages in synthesizing olefin block (co)polymers because of their unique chain walking properties. The present contribution outlines the progress achieved in well-defined olefin block (co)polymers using late transition metal catalysts. Categorized by the polymeric monomers, this review extensively summarizes and discusses catalyst structures, synthetic strategies, product features, and characterization methods for the block architecture. Metal complexes (Ni, Pd, Fe, Co, Ru) of α-diimine, amine-imine, amine-pyridine, bis(imino)pyridine, imine-monoxide, allyl-trifluoroacetate, dichloride and alkyl ligands have been employed to synthesize olefin block (co)polymers of ethylene, α-olefins, dienes, and cyclic olefins. Various synthetic strategies, including tandem living polymerization, chain shuttling polymerization, macromolecular cross-metathesis, and macromolecular coupling reaction are concluded. Gel permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and differential scanning calorimetry are frequently used techniques to confirm the block architecture by providing information on molecular weight, chain microstructure, and thermal properties, respectively. These fundamental properties of olefin block (co)polymers are compiled to support their application development. It is envisioned that future research on olefin block (co)polymers should prioritize the development of market-oriented products, which puts forward requirements on product performance characterization and application scenario expansion. Furthermore, investigating the relationship between catalyst structure, polymer microstructure, and product performance will effectively promote the commercialization process.

The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens and the rapid depletion of the antibiotic arsenal have sparked interest in discovering and developing innovative antimicrobial agents. One example of these new agents is antimicrobial nanostructured materials, which have received significant attention due to their intrinsic advantages and unique antibacterial mechanisms. Among such antimicrobial nanomaterials, carbon materials-based quantum dots (QDs), including graphene QDs (GQDs), graphene oxide QDs (GOQDs), and carbon QDs (CQDs), have a competitive edge due to their low cytotoxicity, ease of synthesis and modification, and highly uniform dispersibility in aqueous solutions. Carbon-based QDs can be prepared by “top-down” or “bottom-up” approaches, with tailorable properties and antimicrobial activity. The antibacterial properties of CQDs and GQDs, including ROS generation, bacterial membrane disruption, and interference with genomic DNA, have all been well described. For the first time, this review focuses on the emerging mechanisms for enhancing antibacterial effectiveness, such as antimicrobial phototherapy, enzymatic cascade activity, phytochemical therapy, and synergistic effects in combination with antimicrobial agents and herbal extracts for practical applications in bacterial detection and dressings for bacteria-infected wounds, ocular, periodontal, bone, and implant-related infections. Furthermore, the current challenges of carbon-based QDs are summarized, and their future promise for significantly improving treatment options instead of conventional methods against MDR bacteria is highlighted.

Persistent luminescence is an optical phenomenon where materials continue to emit light after the cessation of the excitation source which leads to different applications in areas like bioimaging, information storage, anticounterfeiting, etc. This review focuses on the latest advancements in near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence (PersL) materials doped with Cr³⁺, Mn⁴⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Ni²⁺along with recent advances in the synthesis and mechanisms associated with the afterglow. A comprehensive discussion on the various types of defects and their importance in NIR PersL materials is also included, along with a section dedicated to the techniques used to characterize these defects and application of NIR PersL materials in different areas. The review also examines the different strategies to improve the NIR PersL. It starts with a brief description of the history of the PersL and then discusses the reported NIR PersL phosphors activated by manganese, chromium, iron and nickel ions. Understanding the mechanism associated with PersL is very important to develop a novel PersL phosphor, so the review discussed the role of defects and traps in PersL along with different models which include the conduction band model, oxygen vacancy model, and quantum tunneling model which is followed by few main applications of PersL materials and culminated by concluding and associated challenges and future directions in this ever-growing field.

A variety of emerging anticancer therapeutic strategies, including chemodynamic, photothermal and combination therapies, are igniting considerable interests due to their precise targetability, minimal side effects, high efficacy and simplified treatment procedures. Polyoxometalates (POMs), as typical metallodrugs, offer many advantages in cancer treatment, including simple synthesis processes, a defined and tunable structure, reversible redox properties, photo-thermal conversion capabilities, and acid-responsive aggregation features. This review focus on the application of POM-based therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. An overview of the broad applications of POM- based agents in chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy and different combination therapies is provided, and insights into the corresponding mechanisms are elucidated. The interactions between POM-based materials and substrates in the tumor microenvironment are described in detail. Aiming at accelerating the practical applications of POMs-based anticancer agents, current challenges and the future directions are discussed.

Metal carbides are highly intriguing to researchers due to their diverse properties, including electrical, thermal, magnetic, and mechanical characteristics. They are prized for their high specific surface areas, exceptional biocompatibility, and versatile applications across various fields such as chemical synthesis, catalysis, mechanical components, coatings, electronics, and aerospace materials. Through techniques like photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and density functional theory (DFT), scientists have extensively studied the geometries, microstructure, stability, charge distribution, electronic properties, and electromagnetic characteristics of metal carbide clusters. These studies have paved the way for the development of new metal−carbon materials at both atomic and macro scales, finding applications in industrial catalysis, high−temperature ceramics, electrode materials, supercapacitors, and even astrochemistry. This review delves into the compositions, methods for structure determination, bonding patterns, and geometric arrangements observed in a wide range of metal-carbide clusters. These clusters, composed of metal atoms bonded to carbon atoms in different ratios and configurations, have been thoroughly investigated to unravel their fundamental properties and potential applications. The goal of this review is to offer a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of the structural characteristics and chemical bonding within metal-carbide clusters, emphasizing their importance in materials science and catalysis. These insights are instrumental in designing novel nano−scale metal−carbide clusters that find utility in creating nanowires, nanotubes, and 2D sheets for various applications like photovoltaic cells, electrodes, batteries, catalysts, and electronic devices.