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Ethiopian Tourism, Legislation Gaps, and Implementation Challenges: A Study in Amhara Region 埃塞俄比亚旅游业,立法差距和实施挑战:在阿姆哈拉地区的研究
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0020
Engdu Gebrewold Weldesenbet, Ashenafi Tafesse Meskeleb
Abstract Tourism is a multispectrum and interagency puzzle, due to the impact many sectors have on this industry. As a result, laws are important to promote effective governance and policy approaches that help overcome sectorial gaps. But legislation might fail to meet its objectives and poor implementation can lead to long-term adverse consequences for the society and economy of the destination. This study analysed the major legislative gaps and implementation challenges. The study employed a descriptive study design with a cross-sectional research approach. Primary data was collected from 153 respondents through a questionnaire survey. The result from the study indicates that Ethiopian tourism legislation has acceptability, suitability and feasibility shortcomings. Concerning the challenges for effective implementation of tourism laws, the study found that there are stakeholder support–related challenges, economic challenges, coordination/bureaucracy–related challenges, and awareness-related challenges as well as ambiguity. The study also forwarded all the required recommendations for every stakeholder to ease legislative problems.
由于许多部门对旅游业的影响,旅游业是一个多领域和跨部门的难题。因此,法律对于促进有助于克服部门差距的有效治理和政策方法非常重要。但是,立法可能无法实现其目标,执行不力可能对目的地的社会和经济造成长期的不利后果。本研究分析了主要的立法差距和实施挑战。本研究采用描述性研究设计和横断面研究方法。通过问卷调查收集了153名受访者的原始数据。研究结果表明,埃塞俄比亚旅游立法存在可接受性、适宜性和可行性不足。关于有效实施旅游法的挑战,研究发现存在与利益相关者支持相关的挑战、经济挑战、与协调/官僚主义相关的挑战、与意识相关的挑战以及模糊性。该研究还向每个利益相关者提出了所有必要的建议,以缓解立法问题。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Mobile Applications in Changing the Tourist Experience 移动应用改变旅游体验的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0011
S. Dias, V. Afonso
Abstract This exploratory study investigates the impact of technology on the tourist experience. This research analyzed the effect of new technologies on the behaviour of new tourism consumers, the importance of mobile technology in the tourism industry, and the phenomenon of mobile tourism in the change of the tourism experience. It also studied the spillover effect that these changes have had on the use of mobile applications in tourism, trying to understand their impact on the tourism experience. A quantitative and qualitative analysis supported this investigation through a survey of 110 Portuguese tourists using applications and two interviews with administrators of mobile application development companies, and, finally, through the analysis of four case studies. The main conclusion is that smartphones and mobile travel applications can substantially alter the tourist experience. Tourists assume that smartphones have motivated changes in the activities and emotions experienced, especially in social applications that allow them to maintain contact with their friends and families and increase security levels.
摘要本研究旨在探讨科技对游客体验的影响。本研究分析了新技术对新旅游消费者行为的影响,移动技术在旅游行业中的重要性,以及移动旅游在旅游体验变化中的现象。它还研究了这些变化对旅游中移动应用程序使用的溢出效应,试图了解它们对旅游体验的影响。通过对110名使用应用程序的葡萄牙游客的调查,对移动应用程序开发公司的管理人员的两次采访,以及对四个案例研究的分析,定量和定性分析支持了这项调查。主要结论是,智能手机和移动旅游应用程序可以极大地改变游客的体验。游客认为,智能手机推动了活动和情感体验的变化,特别是在社交应用程序中,使他们能够与朋友和家人保持联系,并提高了安全水平。
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引用次数: 6
Innovation in Quick Service Restaurants (QSRs): A Future Perspective 快餐店创新:未来展望
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0019
Rajesh Singh, R. Sarangal
Abstract The rationale of this study is to investigate the impact of innovative practices (product and service innovation) on customer satisfaction. Further study also tends to approach the impact of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty in quick service restaurants. The study has been conducted on potential customers of QSRs such as McDonald's, Dominos, Pizza Hut and KFC in Jammu city (J&K). A total of 256 samples were analyzed in the study. EFA and regression analysis have been used to identify the various factors and to test the relationship between the constructs, respectively. The study finds that innovative practices in QSRs positively influence customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the study also verified that customer satisfaction positively influences customer loyalty in selected QSRs.
摘要本研究的基本原理是调查创新实践(产品和服务创新)对顾客满意度的影响。进一步的研究也倾向于探讨顾客满意对快餐店顾客忠诚的影响。这项研究是对查谟市(J&K)麦当劳、达美乐、必胜客和肯德基等qsr的潜在客户进行的。本研究共分析了256个样本。EFA和回归分析分别用于确定各种因素和检验构念之间的关系。研究发现,质量服务提供商的创新实践对客户满意度有积极影响。此外,本研究也验证了顾客满意度对顾客忠诚的正向影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Micro-Influencers in the Consumer Decision-Making Process in the Hospitality Field 微观影响者在酒店领域消费者决策过程中的作用
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0010
Rita Peres, M. Silva
Abstract The aim of this research is to understand the role played by social media influencers in consumers’ decision-making processes concerning hotels. To achieve this general objective, the following specific aims were defined: (1) to understand the profile of the micro-influencers that share user generated content (UGC) about hotels and the main networks within which they operate; to this end, a study was made by means of interviews to ascertain the profiles of 16 unpaid micro-influencers who share content about Portuguese hotels, and (2) to adopt the information acceptance model (IACM) put forward by Erkan and Evans (2016), to examine the influence of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) in social media on cosumer's behaviour intention in hotel industry, based on the profile of 166 consumers who follow these micro-influencers. Findings suggest that micro-influencers play a significant role in terms of influencing consumer purchase decision-making in the hospitality area; about 79% of surveyed consumers who follow micro-influencers’ content feel their choice is influenced and consider that the contents shared enable consumers to form an idea of what their stay will be like, due to some of the micro-influencers’ characteristics. The adoption of the IACM model demonstrates that the credibility of eWOM information positively affects the usefulness of the information. However, the quality of eWOM information, needs of eWOM information, and attitudes toward eWOM have a medium effect on the usefulness of eWOM information, but also in the attitudes toward eWOM and usefulness of eWOM in the adoption of eWOM information. The followers’ behavioural intentions are strongly explained by their attitudes toward eWOM information and adoption of eWOM information.
本研究的目的是了解社交媒体影响者在消费者对酒店的决策过程中所起的作用。为了实现这一总体目标,我们定义了以下具体目标:(1)了解分享酒店及其运营的主要网络的用户生成内容(UGC)的微影响者的概况;为此,本研究通过访谈的方式,确定了16位分享葡萄牙酒店相关内容的无报酬微影响者的个人资料。(2)采用Erkan和Evans(2016)提出的信息接受模型(information acceptance model, IACM),基于166位关注这些微影响者的消费者资料,研究社交媒体上的电子口碑(electronic word of mouth, eom)对酒店业消费者行为意愿的影响。研究结果表明,微观影响者对酒店消费决策的影响显著;在关注微网红内容的受访消费者中,约79%的人认为他们的选择受到了影响,并认为由于微网红的一些特征,分享的内容使消费者能够形成他们的住宿将会是什么样子的想法。IACM模型的采用表明,eowm信息的可信度正影响信息的有用性。然而,eWOM信息的质量、eWOM信息的需求和对eWOM的态度对eWOM信息的有用性有中等影响,而且对eWOM的态度和eWOM在采用eWOM信息中的有用性也有中等影响。追随者对网络口碑信息的态度和对网络口碑信息的接受可以很好地解释其行为意向。
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引用次数: 1
Social Carrying Capacity in Island Destinations: Interpreting Visitors’ Opinions in Madeira Island 海岛旅游目的地的社会承载能力:马德拉岛游客意见解读
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0023
Lúıs Soares Mota, M. Franco, Rossana Santos
Abstract Social carrying capacity is an additional dimension of tourism carrying capacity. This paper aims to provide further understanding beyond physical values describing carrying capacity for a touristic site on an island destination, namely, the Laurisilva of Madeira. This UNESCO site is the major tourist attraction on the island. The component of social carrying capacity was added to assess satisfaction levels registered in 481 completed questionnaires and find relevant factors reflecting social values and enjoyment while visiting the site. Nonparametric tests were performed to study the relationship between sociodemographic variables and satisfaction measurements. Statistically, cleanliness and natural conditions, trail amenities, trail conditions, environmental conditions, and pollution levels were the five dimensions relevant to gauging satisfaction related to visiting the natural heritage site. Social carrying capacity showed an average satisfaction of 71%, but mean scores concluded visitors to be only slightly satisfied and differences in satisfaction levels regarding the education level of respondents. These are essential dimensions for good site management and for planning management actions for the island destination. This method of analysis is feasible for site management and is complementary to the corresponding physical thresholds.
社会承载能力是旅游承载能力的一个附加维度。本文的目的是提供进一步的理解超越物理值描述承载能力的旅游景点在一个岛屿的目的地,即马德拉岛的Laurisilva。这个联合国教科文组织的遗址是岛上的主要旅游景点。在481份已完成的问卷中,增加了社会承载能力的组成部分,以评估满意度,并找到反映社会价值观和访问网站时享受的相关因素。采用非参数检验来研究社会人口学变量与满意度测量之间的关系。统计上,清洁和自然条件、步道设施、步道条件、环境条件和污染水平是衡量参观自然遗产地满意度的五个维度。社会承载能力的平均满意度为71%,但平均得分表明游客仅略微满意,并且对受访者的教育水平的满意度存在差异。这些是良好的场地管理和岛屿目的地规划管理行动的基本方面。这种分析方法对于现场管理是可行的,并且与相应的物理阈值是互补的。
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引用次数: 2
Reopening for Business Post-COVID-19: Augmented Reality as a Strategy for Attracting Visitors to a Tourist Destination 2019冠状病毒病后重新开放:增强现实作为吸引游客前往旅游目的地的策略
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0006
M. Franco, Lúıs Soares Mota
Abstract Critical thoughts about tourist destinations overcoming and mitigating impacts from COVID-19 lie in the opportunities created by the pandemic. In this paper, an innovative way to attract tourists to Madeira Island and specifically for the Caminho Real (CR) is proposed, assisted by augmented reality. There are important considerations for developing software suitable for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets; values and benefits for sustainable tourism development and for being an educational experience respecting social distancing; and services included in the augmented reality application. Therefore, some propositions are presented to evaluate the possibility of augmented reality as a secure opportunity to show historical, cultural, and ethnographic aspects when visiting a tourist destination, while respecting social-distancing constraints.
旅游目的地克服和减轻新冠肺炎影响的关键思路在于大流行带来的机遇。本文提出了一种创新的方式来吸引游客到马德拉岛,特别是卡米尼奥Real (CR),辅以增强现实。在开发适合智能手机和平板电脑等移动设备的软件时,有一些重要的考虑因素;可持续旅游发展的价值和效益,以及作为尊重社会距离的教育经验;以及增强现实应用程序中包含的服务。因此,本文提出了一些建议,以评估增强现实作为在访问旅游目的地时展示历史、文化和民族志方面的安全机会的可能性,同时尊重社会距离的限制。
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引用次数: 3
Data Processing and Legal Protection in Contracts in the Technologically Innovative Tourism Sector 技术创新旅游部门合同中的数据处理和法律保护
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0008
Apostolos D. Tassikas
Abstract This study aims to demonstrate that technological innovation in tourism represents a paradigm shift in law and is also changing the competition between tourist destinations. Technological innovation in the tourism sector is increasing the volume of data processing and calls for greater and more consistent (detailed) legal protection to combat dangers to private life, such as exclusion from ‘digital life’. The topics covered by the study include data processing in hospitality contracts, the enrichment of guest profiles, newsletter marketing, guest passes or discount cards in travel package contracts, and the question of whether data processing is necessary for fulfilling smart tourism contracts. The theoretical framework is based on contract and data protection law principles relating to purpose, data avoidance and transparency, the privacy rule by design and by default. The methodological approach is based on a careful balancing and weighing of the legal goods and values, and an assessment of the normative parameters. This research is responding to the need to develop appropriate policies on transformative innovations and is addressing different concerns relating to the adoption and diffusion of technological trends in tourism.
摘要本研究旨在证明,旅游业的技术创新代表了一种法律范式的转变,也正在改变旅游目的地之间的竞争。旅游部门的技术创新正在增加数据处理量,并要求提供更大、更一致(详细)的法律保护,以打击对私人生活的危险,例如被排除在“数字生活”之外。该研究涵盖的主题包括酒店合同中的数据处理、丰富客人资料、通讯营销、旅行套餐合同中的客人通行证或折扣卡,以及数据处理是否对履行智能旅游合同是必要的问题。理论框架以合同和数据保护法原则为基础,这些原则涉及目的、数据避免和透明度、设计和默认的隐私规则。方法方法是基于对合法商品和价值的仔细平衡和权衡,以及对规范性参数的评估。这项研究是对制定有关变革创新的适当政策的需要作出反应,并正在处理与旅游业采用和传播技术趋势有关的各种问题。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism in Serbia COVID-19对塞尔维亚旅游业的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0022
Ajša Gicić, M. Milinčić, M. Ivanović, D. Vukoičić
Abstract At a time when tourism in Serbia represents a major segment of its economic development, COVID-19 has hit the tourism industry hard both locally and globally, and thus has affected the country’s economic condition and its development prospects. The government of the Republic of Serbia has taken a number of measures to combat the epidemic and to recover tourism. In order to assess whether these measures have been effective and to what extent they have contributed to the sustainability of tourism as an important economic contributor, field research was conducted on 110 owners of catering and tourist facilities in attractive tourist destinations in Serbia. Statistical analysis provided precise data on the decline in the number of tourists during the epidemic, as well as whether and to what extent these consequences were mitigated by a set of measures adopted by the government of the Republic of Serbia. It was concluded that, in the first five months of 2020, the influx of tourists decreased by almost 50% compared to the same period of the previous year (2019). According to the survey, the recovery of the tourism sector will take at least twelve months, so the measures that are being implemented must have long-term effects.
在塞尔维亚,旅游业是其经济发展的重要组成部分,COVID-19重创了当地和全球的旅游业,从而影响了该国的经济状况和发展前景。塞尔维亚共和国政府采取了一些措施来防治这一流行病和恢复旅游业。为了评估这些措施是否有效以及它们在多大程度上促进了旅游业作为重要经济贡献者的可持续性,对塞尔维亚有吸引力的旅游目的地的110名餐饮和旅游设施所有者进行了实地研究。统计分析提供了关于疫情期间游客人数下降的准确数据,以及塞尔维亚共和国政府采取的一系列措施是否减轻了这些后果以及在多大程度上减轻了这些后果。得出的结论是,在2020年的前五个月,与去年同期(2019年)相比,游客的流入减少了近50%。根据调查,旅游业的复苏至少需要12个月,因此正在实施的措施必须具有长期效果。
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引用次数: 0
Collaborative Strategies and Tourist Competitiveness in Medium Mountain Destinations: Study on the Positioning of Tourist Actors in the Natural Park of Serra da Estrela 中等山地旅游目的地的协同战略与旅游竞争力:埃斯特雷拉山自然公园旅游主体定位研究
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0012
G. Fernandes, A. Daniel, Hélder Almeida
Abstract The tourism sector, due to its specificities, is one area of economic activity where collaborative strategies can most contribute to increasing productivity and competitiveness. The need for immediate responses to customer interests and requirements has led companies to become more proactive, which in turn leads to the pursuit of external collaboration to develop business networks that increase business dynamism and the operational flexibility of partners. Encouraging collaboration lies in the pressures brought on by globalization and increased competitiveness, supported by the development of information and communications technologies. Collaboration promoting strategic and organizational alignments in the field of tourism is revealed to be decisive for the qualification and sustainability of destinations, promoting new markets, and facilitating synergies of larger dynamism between companies. Serra da Estrela corresponds to a medium mountain destination, classified as a UNESCO World Geopark, where the development of collaborative relationships is valued as a resource for businesses and as expanding the offer of tourist products, as well as a source of competitive advantage.
旅游业由于其特殊性,是经济活动的一个领域,合作战略最有助于提高生产力和竞争力。对客户兴趣和需求的即时响应的需求使公司变得更加积极主动,这反过来又导致了对外部协作的追求,以开发业务网络,从而增加业务活力和合作伙伴的操作灵活性。鼓励合作在于全球化带来的压力和在信息和通信技术发展的支持下增强的竞争力。在旅游领域,促进战略和组织协调的合作对于目的地的资格和可持续性、促进新市场和促进公司之间更大活力的协同作用具有决定性作用。Serra da Estrela是一个中等规模的山地目的地,被联合国教科文组织列为世界地质公园,在这里,合作关系的发展被视为商业资源,扩大旅游产品的供应,以及竞争优势的来源。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of scientific production on Technological Innovation in Tourism 旅游技术创新的科学生产分析
IF 0.5 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/ejthr-2021-0003
Célia Rafael, A. Pires
Abstract Until the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism was one of the sectors with the greatest growth potential on a global scale. It is now highlighted as one of the hardest hit sectors in economic terms and requires strategic recovery capacity coupled with technological innovation. Technology and innovation could provide a strong contribution to the development of tourism by integrating knowledge about tourism products, services and experiences and the new needs and behaviours of consumers. This study analysed the scientific productions on technological innovation in the tourism sector using literature review and bibliometric analysis techniques, with data collected from the main databases of international relevance, Web of Science and Scopus. This study presents the mapping and cluster structures for the trends and dynamics of the investigations on the discovered research themes using the VOSviewer software. The results indicate that research related to innovation and technology in tourism has evolved in recent years, as well as highlighting the main areas of activity and presenting contributions to possible future lines of research.
在新冠肺炎疫情出现之前,旅游业一直是全球最具增长潜力的行业之一。它现在被强调为经济上受打击最严重的部门之一,需要战略恢复能力加上技术创新。技术和创新将旅游产品、服务和体验方面的知识与消费者的新需求和行为相结合,可以为旅游业的发展做出巨大贡献。本研究采用文献综述和文献计量分析技术,对旅游行业技术创新的科学成果进行了分析,数据收集自国际相关数据库、Web of Science和Scopus。本研究使用VOSviewer软件对发现的研究主题的调查趋势和动态进行了映射和聚类结构。结果表明,近年来与旅游创新和技术有关的研究有所发展,并突出了主要的活动领域,并对未来可能的研究方向做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
European Journal of Tourism Hospitality and Recreation
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