Desalination最新文献

英文中文

Solar-driven continuous seawater desalination of KBC/SA based porous evaporator with excellent salt resistance and high evaporation rate

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118828

Shengqin Dai, Xiaoying Feng, Xiaoyi Wang, Jiyan Li, Weidong Liang

Solar thermal-driven interfacial evaporation technology holds significant promise for applications in sewage purification and desalination. However, challenges such as intermittent solar illumination and salt accumulation hinder its practical effectiveness. In this study, phase change materials (PCMs) were introduced to enhance the evaporation efficiency of evaporator under weak sunlight conditions. Specifically, stearic acid serves as a PCM, conductive carbon black (KBC) as a photothermal material, while chitosan and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) are utilized as matrix materials. Stearic acid (SA) was encapsulated in a microgel derived from chitosan (CS) using a vacuum impregnation technique, and KBC/SA was synthesized via a bidirectional regeneration method. Experimental results reveal that the evaporation rate can reach 3.46 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under a light intensity of 1 kW m⁻². With the light source off, the KBC/SA evaporator still sustains an evaporation rate of 1.53 kg m⁻² h⁻¹. On semi-cloudy days, the latent heat released from SA supplies substantial thermal energy, enabling continuous evaporation and increasing water production by 1.85 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ compared to the conventional evaporators without PCMs. In addition, the evaporation rate of the solar evaporator in 20 % salt solution can reach 2.98 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹, which is only slightly different from that in pure water solution. This study presents an effective strategy to address the intermittent use of solar energy and mitigate salt accumulation in solar-powered seawater desalination systems that employ interfacial evaporation.

{"title":"Solar-driven continuous seawater desalination of KBC/SA based porous evaporator with excellent salt resistance and high evaporation rate","authors":"Shengqin Dai, Xiaoying Feng, Xiaoyi Wang, Jiyan Li, Weidong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar thermal-driven interfacial evaporation technology holds significant promise for applications in sewage purification and desalination. However, challenges such as intermittent solar illumination and salt accumulation hinder its practical effectiveness. In this study, phase change materials (PCMs) were introduced to enhance the evaporation efficiency of evaporator under weak sunlight conditions. Specifically, stearic acid serves as a PCM, conductive carbon black (KBC) as a photothermal material, while chitosan and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) are utilized as matrix materials. Stearic acid (SA) was encapsulated in a microgel derived from chitosan (CS) using a vacuum impregnation technique, and KBC/SA was synthesized via a bidirectional regeneration method. Experimental results reveal that the evaporation rate can reach 3.46 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> under a light intensity of 1 kW m<sup>−2</sup>. With the light source off, the KBC/SA evaporator still sustains an evaporation rate of 1.53 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>. On semi-cloudy days, the latent heat released from SA supplies substantial thermal energy, enabling continuous evaporation and increasing water production by 1.85 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> compared to the conventional evaporators without PCMs. In addition, the evaporation rate of the solar evaporator in 20 % salt solution can reach 2.98 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>, which is only slightly different from that in pure water solution. This study presents an effective strategy to address the intermittent use of solar energy and mitigate salt accumulation in solar-powered seawater desalination systems that employ interfacial evaporation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118828"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards real-weather water-production practice for solar-driven reverse distillation: Effects of ambient temperature and solar radiation

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118826

Ziye Zhu , Yanjie Zheng , Hui Kong , Jianyin Xiong , Hongfei Zheng

Solar-driven reverse distillation has recently exhibited promising water-production performance and significant potential for practical application. However, related experimental comparison and wide-range evaluation under different real-weather conditions are scarce with the effect mechanism and quantitative relationship remaining unclear among ambient factors and water-production efficiency, hindering further performance optimization and industrial application of solar-driven reverse distillation. This research explores the underlying mechanism of how ambient temperature and solar irradiance influence the efficiency of solar-driven reverse distillation, and quantifies the relationship among these ambient factors and efficiency under real-weather conditions. Theoretical analysis based on heat-and-mass transfer principles reveals that the increased ambient temperature reduces heat-transfer loss and higher solar radiation promotes the evaporation heat flux density, both increasing the efficiency. We then conducted 19 days of outdoor experiments, obtaining daily and hourly data of ambient temperature, solar irradiance, and distillate mass. Statistical analysis of the experimental results has demonstrated the ambient temperature and solar irradiance have significant impact on the efficiency. By further discussing the coupled impact of ambient factors, we obtained the quantitative relationship among the efficiency (η, %), ambient temperature (T_amb, °C), and solar irradiance (q_in, W·m⁻²) as η = 12.2 + 0.63T_amb + 0.02q_in (6 < T_amb < 38, 541 < q_in < 866) from the daily experimental data, and η = 11 + 0.55T_amb + 0.028q_in (5 < T_amb < 41, 285 < q_in < 924) from the hourly data. This research provides straightforward pathways to predict the outdoor water-production performance of solar-driven reverse distillation with meteorological data, promoting its progress towards real-weather water-production practice.

{"title":"Towards real-weather water-production practice for solar-driven reverse distillation: Effects of ambient temperature and solar radiation","authors":"Ziye Zhu , Yanjie Zheng , Hui Kong , Jianyin Xiong , Hongfei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven reverse distillation has recently exhibited promising water-production performance and significant potential for practical application. However, related experimental comparison and wide-range evaluation under different real-weather conditions are scarce with the effect mechanism and quantitative relationship remaining unclear among ambient factors and water-production efficiency, hindering further performance optimization and industrial application of solar-driven reverse distillation. This research explores the underlying mechanism of how ambient temperature and solar irradiance influence the efficiency of solar-driven reverse distillation, and quantifies the relationship among these ambient factors and efficiency under real-weather conditions. Theoretical analysis based on heat-and-mass transfer principles reveals that the increased ambient temperature reduces heat-transfer loss and higher solar radiation promotes the evaporation heat flux density, both increasing the efficiency. We then conducted 19 days of outdoor experiments, obtaining daily and hourly data of ambient temperature, solar irradiance, and distillate mass. Statistical analysis of the experimental results has demonstrated the ambient temperature and solar irradiance have significant impact on the efficiency. By further discussing the coupled impact of ambient factors, we obtained the quantitative relationship among the efficiency (<em>η</em>, %), ambient temperature (<em>T</em><sub><em>amb</em></sub>, °C), and solar irradiance (<em>q</em><sub><em>in</em></sub>, W·m<sup>−2</sup>) as <em>η</em> = 12.2 + 0.63<em>T</em><sub><em>amb</em></sub> + 0.02<em>q</em><sub><em>in</em></sub> (6 < <em>T</em><sub><em>amb</em></sub> < 38, 541 < <em>q</em><sub><em>in</em></sub> < 866) from the daily experimental data, and <em>η</em> = 11 + 0.55<em>T</em><sub><em>amb</em></sub> + 0.028<em>q</em><sub><em>in</em></sub> (5 < <em>T</em><sub><em>amb</em></sub> < 41, 285 < <em>q</em><sub><em>in</em></sub> < 924) from the hourly data. This research provides straightforward pathways to predict the outdoor water-production performance of solar-driven reverse distillation with meteorological data, promoting its progress towards real-weather water-production practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118826"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of Janus membrane with self-cleaning functionality and membrane distillation performance

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118825

Rui Zhang, Yunhuan Chen, Hailong Wang, Xugang Song, Qiang Ma, Xiaoxiao Duan, Yongsheng Ren

Membrane distillation (MD) technology encounters problems such as membrane scaling, membrane wetting, and fouling during the reprocessing of diverse wastewater types. Janus membranes are anticipated to hold significant potential in addressing these issues. The metal-polyphenol network (MPN) was employed to mediate the catalytic self-cleaning ability of the intermediate mineralization layer as well as the PA-layered Janus membranes generated on the surface through the interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction. It was revealed that the pure water flux of the pristine PVDF membrane was 44.9 LMH, while that of the Janus membrane was 41.8 LMH. The PA layer of the Janus membrane is conducive to the increase of flux because of its hydrophilicity. However, excessive nanoparticles can block the membrane pores, and thus it compensates for part of the decreased flux to a certain extent. During the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) experiment, Janus membrane demonstrated superior performance in comparison to the PVDF membrane in the treatment of oily wastewater, saline solutions of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and gypsum-induced fouling. The mineralization layer based on manganese oxide can ensures higher stability of Janus membranes during cycling through in situ catalytic self-cleaning when dealing with the organic pollutant humic acid (HA). Overall, this study offers a novel and potential MD membrane.

{"title":"Preparation of Janus membrane with self-cleaning functionality and membrane distillation performance","authors":"Rui Zhang, Yunhuan Chen, Hailong Wang, Xugang Song, Qiang Ma, Xiaoxiao Duan, Yongsheng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane distillation (MD) technology encounters problems such as membrane scaling, membrane wetting, and fouling during the reprocessing of diverse wastewater types. Janus membranes are anticipated to hold significant potential in addressing these issues. The metal-polyphenol network (MPN) was employed to mediate the catalytic self-cleaning ability of the intermediate mineralization layer as well as the PA-layered Janus membranes generated on the surface through the interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction. It was revealed that the pure water flux of the pristine PVDF membrane was 44.9 LMH, while that of the Janus membrane was 41.8 LMH. The PA layer of the Janus membrane is conducive to the increase of flux because of its hydrophilicity. However, excessive nanoparticles can block the membrane pores, and thus it compensates for part of the decreased flux to a certain extent. During the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) experiment, Janus membrane demonstrated superior performance in comparison to the PVDF membrane in the treatment of oily wastewater, saline solutions of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and gypsum-induced fouling. The mineralization layer based on manganese oxide can ensures higher stability of Janus membranes during cycling through in situ catalytic self-cleaning when dealing with the organic pollutant humic acid (HA). Overall, this study offers a novel and potential MD membrane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118825"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SCGs-based heterogeneous aerogels for low-cost and efficient solar-driven desalination

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118824

Li Zhou , Yaokang Qin , Hongwei Tang , Zhi Li , Hong Chen , Fei Pan , Renjie Chen , Haidong Ju , Wenjun Meng

A novel double-layer aerogel is designed for solar-driven desalination which is derived from spent coffee grounds (SCGs). The top area of aerogel constructed by SCGs-based cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and activated carbon is the photothermal conversion layer (PCL) where the light is converted to heat and the water is transferred to steam. The bottom part established by CNF aerogel is the layer for water transportation. According to the results of desalination, the thickness of PCL has little impact on evaporation behavior. The evaporation rate of heterogeneous aerogel reaches to 2.577 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹, and its average daily water yield can meet the requirement of drinking water for ten adults. Owing to the higher cost-effectiveness of evaporator (2.773 kg·h⁻¹·$⁻¹), it provides a promising strategy for the low-cost and efficient solar-driven desalination.

引用次数: 0

Machine learning and application for modeling and prediction of desalination cost globally

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118829

Adewale Giwa , Hassan Ademola , Ahmed Oluwatobi Yusuf

This study presents a machine learning model and web-based application to estimate the Optimum Cost-Effective Solution (OCES) for desalination plant construction, defined as the minimum capital expenditure (CAPEX) required for a specific desalination technology at a given location. Using a dataset of over 21,000 desalination projects, refined to 10,314 after data cleaning, key variables analyzed include plant size, technology type, location, and procurement models. CAPEX values ranged from $8000 to $2.56 billion, influenced by plant scale, technology, geographic constraints, and logistical challenges. The study examines reverse osmosis (RO), multi-stage flash (MSF), and multi-effect distillation (MED), identifying RO as the most cost-effective due to its energy efficiency. Traditional cost estimation methods, such as parametric models and rule-based approaches, rely on historical averages, fixed cost coefficients, and expert judgment, often failing to capture complex, nonlinear interactions. Machine learning significantly improves estimation accuracy by identifying hidden patterns in large datasets. Evaluated models, including linear regression, decision trees, and ensemble methods, showed varying accuracies, with the CatBoostRegressor reducing prediction errors by over 50 %. It performed best for small and medium-sized plants, while large-scale plants exhibited greater cost variability. Key findings indicate that larger plants, specialized technologies like thermal desalination, and remote locations increase costs. Procurement models impact CAPEX, with privately funded and public-private partnership (PPP) projects proving more cost-effective than government-only models due to competitive supplier dynamics. Plants using equipment from leading membrane and energy recovery device (ERD) suppliers achieved better cost-to-efficiency ratios. A geographic analysis revealed that the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) had higher plant densities and higher CAPEX due to extreme freshwater demands. This study offers a valuable tool for optimizing desalination project costs to address global water scarcity challenges.

{"title":"Machine learning and application for modeling and prediction of desalination cost globally","authors":"Adewale Giwa , Hassan Ademola , Ahmed Oluwatobi Yusuf","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a machine learning model and web-based application to estimate the Optimum Cost-Effective Solution (OCES) for desalination plant construction, defined as the minimum capital expenditure (CAPEX) required for a specific desalination technology at a given location. Using a dataset of over 21,000 desalination projects, refined to 10,314 after data cleaning, key variables analyzed include plant size, technology type, location, and procurement models. CAPEX values ranged from $8000 to $2.56 billion, influenced by plant scale, technology, geographic constraints, and logistical challenges. The study examines reverse osmosis (RO), multi-stage flash (MSF), and multi-effect distillation (MED), identifying RO as the most cost-effective due to its energy efficiency. Traditional cost estimation methods, such as parametric models and rule-based approaches, rely on historical averages, fixed cost coefficients, and expert judgment, often failing to capture complex, nonlinear interactions. Machine learning significantly improves estimation accuracy by identifying hidden patterns in large datasets. Evaluated models, including linear regression, decision trees, and ensemble methods, showed varying accuracies, with the CatBoostRegressor reducing prediction errors by over 50 %. It performed best for small and medium-sized plants, while large-scale plants exhibited greater cost variability. Key findings indicate that larger plants, specialized technologies like thermal desalination, and remote locations increase costs. Procurement models impact CAPEX, with privately funded and public-private partnership (PPP) projects proving more cost-effective than government-only models due to competitive supplier dynamics. Plants using equipment from leading membrane and energy recovery device (ERD) suppliers achieved better cost-to-efficiency ratios. A geographic analysis revealed that the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) had higher plant densities and higher CAPEX due to extreme freshwater demands. This study offers a valuable tool for optimizing desalination project costs to address global water scarcity challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118829"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailored super-microporous pitch-based carbon with small graphitic domains achieving high capacitive desalination performance

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118827

Xiang Bai , Lang Liu , Yakun Tang , Xiaodong Zhou , Ting Liu , Jingmei Liu , Youyuan Xu , Fengyun Ma , Dianzeng Jia

Carbon materials combining ultra-micropores and long-range graphitic domains are highly desired for enhancing their capacitive deionization (CDI) properties, but conventional fabrication strategies struggle with this trade-off contradiction. Herein, a novel pitch molecular design strategy is developed, combining diphenylurea-induced thermal polycondensation with potassium hydrogen phthalate-assisted activation. As-obtained carbon (DMPC) exhibits ultra-microporosity (0.8 nm) and order-in-disordered pseudographitic domains. Benefiting from systematic engineering of tailored pore size modulation, the active sites of nitrogen configurations on the micropore lattice scaffolds are significantly enhanced, reducing charge transfer resistance and increasing ion transfer/storage capacity. The symmetric DMPC electrode has comprehensive CDI performance, showcasing a salt adsorption capacity of 42.4 mg g⁻¹ at an average desalination rate of 2.64 mg g⁻¹ min⁻¹ and a charging efficiency of 63.3 % at 1.4 V in a 500 mg L⁻¹ NaCl solution. Notably, the good cycling durability and antioxidant mechanism of DMPC are demonstrated in mixed salt solutions. This study sheds light on the potential of molecular design engineering of pitch to tailor porosity and graphitization, paving a new path in advanced carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization.

{"title":"Tailored super-microporous pitch-based carbon with small graphitic domains achieving high capacitive desalination performance","authors":"Xiang Bai , Lang Liu , Yakun Tang , Xiaodong Zhou , Ting Liu , Jingmei Liu , Youyuan Xu , Fengyun Ma , Dianzeng Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon materials combining ultra-micropores and long-range graphitic domains are highly desired for enhancing their capacitive deionization (CDI) properties, but conventional fabrication strategies struggle with this trade-off contradiction. Herein, a novel pitch molecular design strategy is developed, combining diphenylurea-induced thermal polycondensation with potassium hydrogen phthalate-assisted activation. As-obtained carbon (DMPC) exhibits ultra-microporosity (0.8 nm) and order-in-disordered pseudographitic domains. Benefiting from systematic engineering of tailored pore size modulation, the active sites of nitrogen configurations on the micropore lattice scaffolds are significantly enhanced, reducing charge transfer resistance and increasing ion transfer/storage capacity. The symmetric DMPC electrode has comprehensive CDI performance, showcasing a salt adsorption capacity of 42.4 mg g<sup>−1</sup> at an average desalination rate of 2.64 mg g<sup>−1</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> and a charging efficiency of 63.3 % at 1.4 V in a 500 mg L<sup>−1</sup> NaCl solution. Notably, the good cycling durability and antioxidant mechanism of DMPC are demonstrated in mixed salt solutions. This study sheds light on the potential of molecular design engineering of pitch to tailor porosity and graphitization, paving a new path in advanced carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118827"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced hydrophilicity and controlled pore size distribution of polyvinylidene fluoride membranes through segregation and grafting for protein anti-fouling

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118822

Mingfu Gao , Ying Zhang , Shilin Huo , Sanchuan Yu , Doufeng Wu , Congjie Gao

Membrane technology is essential in water treatment due to its efficiency and scalability. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based membranes face significant fouling issues and modification difficulty due to low surface energy and high hydrophobicity. This study introduces an innovative and facile approach combining segregation and grafting techniques to address these challenges. The environmentally friendly material cellulose acetate was incorporated into the PVDF matrix, where it segregated onto the membrane surface during the formation process. Following this, hydrolysis introduced hydroxyl groups, and the membrane was further functionalized by grafting oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose, a cost-effective and biodegradable polymer, onto its surface. This dual-step modification significantly enhances hydrophilicity and surface negative charge density, while also playing a crucial role in modulating pore size and distribution. The modified A-H-SSM-20 membrane exhibits dynamic water contact angle of 0° within 40 s and zeta potential of −75.2 mV at pH 7.0. Additionally, mean pore size decreased from 33.7 to 23.9 nm, while static bovine serum albumin adsorption dropped from 83.8 to 11.6 μg·cm⁻². The irreversible fouling ratio decreased significantly from 33.0 % to 0.5 %, demonstrating marked improvement in anti-fouling performance. This approach provides promising solution for enhancing fouling resistance in PVDF membranes, facilitating potential for applications in water treatment.

{"title":"Enhanced hydrophilicity and controlled pore size distribution of polyvinylidene fluoride membranes through segregation and grafting for protein anti-fouling","authors":"Mingfu Gao , Ying Zhang , Shilin Huo , Sanchuan Yu , Doufeng Wu , Congjie Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.118822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane technology is essential in water treatment due to its efficiency and scalability. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based membranes face significant fouling issues and modification difficulty due to low surface energy and high hydrophobicity. This study introduces an innovative and facile approach combining segregation and grafting techniques to address these challenges. The environmentally friendly material cellulose acetate was incorporated into the PVDF matrix, where it segregated onto the membrane surface during the formation process. Following this, hydrolysis introduced hydroxyl groups, and the membrane was further functionalized by grafting oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose, a cost-effective and biodegradable polymer, onto its surface. This dual-step modification significantly enhances hydrophilicity and surface negative charge density, while also playing a crucial role in modulating pore size and distribution. The modified A-H-SSM-20 membrane exhibits dynamic water contact angle of 0° within 40 s and zeta potential of −75.2 mV at pH 7.0. Additionally, mean pore size decreased from 33.7 to 23.9 nm, while static bovine serum albumin adsorption dropped from 83.8 to 11.6 μg·cm<sup>−2</sup>. The irreversible fouling ratio decreased significantly from 33.0 % to 0.5 %, demonstrating marked improvement in anti-fouling performance. This approach provides promising solution for enhancing fouling resistance in PVDF membranes, facilitating potential for applications in water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 118822"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to ‘Design of polypyrrole layer enhanced MIL-88B(Fe) composite electrode material for electrosorption separation of copper ions’ [Desalination 603 (15 May 2025) 118606]

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118809

Lujie Nie, Yanna Ren, Lei Wang, Yingying Wang, Jiajun An, Jiajin Hao, Jiaqi Wang, Chen Zhao, Xin Zhang, Yongtao Lv, Miaolu He, Hongyun Nie, Rui Miao, Jin Wang, Xudong Wang

引用次数: 0

Machine learning-based prediction of desalination capacity of electrochemical performance of nitrogen-doped for capacitive deionization

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118820

Hao Kong , Ming Gao , Ran Li , Luwei Miao , Yuchen Kang , Weilong Xiao , Wenqing Chen , Tianqi Ao , Haiyan Mou

Nitrogen doping has been widely applied in the field of capacitive deionization (CDI) desalination. However, the relationship between multiple forms of nitrogen doping, their proportions, and their effects on electrochemical and desalination performance remains unclear. Machine learning, as an emerging tool for handling large datasets, holds significant potential in optimizing CDI electrode performance. Hence, this study uses machine learning models, including Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR), to clarify the nonlinear relationships between nitrogen doping and electrochemical performance, identifying the key influencing features. The GBR model demonstrates strong predictive accuracy with high goodness-of-fit. Additionally, the contributions of each feature to the model predictions is explained through Permutation Feature Importance (PFI), Embedded Feature Importance (EFI), and SHAP values, the results demonstrate the substantial impact of external conditions, such as concentration and voltage, along with specific capacitance as an intrinsic material property. Partial Dependence Plots (PDP) further illustrate the synergistic effects of different nitrogen forms and specific capacitance on desalination performance, with optimal doping levels identified as 1–1.5 at.% for N6, below 1 at.% for N5, and minimized N4 content to enhance electrochemical and salt adsorption properties. Finally, DFT calculations provide insights into the microscopic doping mechanisms, and a new dataset validates the accuracy of model. This study offers theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of CDI electrode materials and provides a strategic approach for machine learning applications in the CDI field.

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Comprehensive analysis of single tube falling film heat transfer performance considering dynamic growth of fouling

IF 8.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Desalination

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2025.118818

Boyu Wang, Yuzhe Niu, Di Wang, Xingsen Mu, Yali Guo, Shengqiang Shen

The heat transfer process in horizontal tube falling film flow generally involves gas-liquid phase change and dynamic growth of porous fouling layers. However, most studies neglect fouling effects. This paper uses the finite element method to conduct a coupled numerical simulation of falling film flow, phase change heat transfer, and fouling growth, and studies the variation trend of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and the average HTC as the fouling grows. Under constant temperature heating, the HTC of water and seawater during saturated evaporation decreases along the circumference, with a decrease of about 56 % in the top region (0°-20°) of the tube. The HTC of saturated evaporation increases with evaporation temperature and spray density. Especially in the range of θ < 20° and θ > 160°, the rise in spray density has a greater impact on HTC. Under the influence of seawater fouling, both h_i and h_w show a decreasing trend as the inlet liquid film temperature increases. Under constant heat flux, the HTC of saturated evaporation is independent of evaporation temperature and increases with spray density. With the accumulation of fouling, the h_ave-i and h_ave-w show a downward trend. The non-boiling HTC of water and seawater has a lower decline rate along the circumference. Due to the effect of fouling growth on the flow boundary layer, h_i and h_w first increase and subsequently decrease within 20° < θ < 160°. Under constant heat flux, h_ave-i and h_ave-w of non-boiling change from an increasing trend with increasing inlet temperature to a decreasing trend as fouling accumulates.

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