European Polymer Journal最新文献

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Multiple responsive self-healing behavior of amino-functionalized CuS-modified thermo-reversible polyurethane containing double dynamic covalent bonds

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113792

Jiaofeng Ye, Haocheng Liu, Danbin Zhu, Chenyang Guo, Yanhua Liu, Libang Feng

A self-healing polyurethane with five-fold response to thermal, near-infrared light, microwave, sunlight and UV light is prepared by introducing amino-functionalized copper sulfide (CuS-NH₂) nanoparticles into thermally reversible polyurethane containing both Diels-Alder and disulfide bonds. The prepared polyurethane exhibits optimal comprehensive mechanical properties and self-healing performance when the addition amount of CuS-NH₂ is 0.3 wt%. The polyurethane with quite high tensile strength (14.3 MPa), hardness (75 HA), elongation at break (625 %), and toughness (24.85 MJ/m³) can be obtained. Cracks in the modified polyurethane can be self-healed repeatedly through heat-treated at 120 °C for 6 min, or irradiated with 4 W/m² of near infrared light at a wavelength of 808 nm for 60 s, or treated under a 250 W microwave for 80 s, and followed by a heat treatment for 12 h at 60 °C. More importantly, the damaged sample can also be repaired multiply after being treated to simulated sunlight or irradiated with 250–380 nm UV light for 6 h. Results show that the quickest self-healing speed and highest repair efficiency can be resulted when the materials are exposed to near-infrared light. The self-healing behavior is achieved through the cooperation of thermo-reversible Diels-Alder reaction, disulfide bonds exchange, dissociation and regeneration of hydrogen bonds, directional migration of CuS-NH₂ nanoparticles. These findings give important implication for the development of multi-responsive self-healing materials with efficient self-healing capability. Meanwhile, it provides various ideal selections for damage repair under different environments.

{"title":"Multiple responsive self-healing behavior of amino-functionalized CuS-modified thermo-reversible polyurethane containing double dynamic covalent bonds","authors":"Jiaofeng Ye, Haocheng Liu, Danbin Zhu, Chenyang Guo, Yanhua Liu, Libang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A self-healing polyurethane with five-fold response to thermal, near-infrared light, microwave, sunlight and UV light is prepared by introducing amino-functionalized copper sulfide (CuS-NH<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles into thermally reversible polyurethane containing both Diels-Alder and disulfide bonds. The prepared polyurethane exhibits optimal comprehensive mechanical properties and self-healing performance when the addition amount of CuS-NH<sub>2</sub> is 0.3 wt%. The polyurethane with quite high tensile strength (14.3 MPa), hardness (75 HA), elongation at break (625 %), and toughness (24.85 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>) can be obtained. Cracks in the modified polyurethane can be self-healed repeatedly through heat-treated at 120 °C for 6 min, or irradiated with 4 W/m<sup>2</sup> of near infrared light at a wavelength of 808 nm for 60 s, or treated under a 250 W microwave for 80 s, and followed by a heat treatment for 12 h at 60 °C. More importantly, the damaged sample can also be repaired multiply after being treated to simulated sunlight or irradiated with 250–380 nm UV light for 6 h. Results show that the quickest self-healing speed and highest repair efficiency can be resulted when the materials are exposed to near-infrared light. The self-healing behavior is achieved through the cooperation of thermo-reversible Diels-Alder reaction, disulfide bonds exchange, dissociation and regeneration of hydrogen bonds, directional migration of CuS-NH<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. These findings give important implication for the development of multi-responsive self-healing materials with efficient self-healing capability. Meanwhile, it provides various ideal selections for damage repair under different environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 113792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Keratin eutectogel as a strain sensor: Towards environmentally friendly technologies

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113791

Rodrigo Nicolás Núñez , Tomás Arnal , Ximena Guerbi , Flavia Michelini , Claudio J. Pérez , Celina Bernal , Alejandro Berra , Guillermo Javier Copello

Flexible strain sensors have gained a lot of interest in the last decade in response to the increasing demand for wearable and flexible electronic devices for medical applications and soft robotics. In this work, a simple economic strategy is proposed to fabricate a protein-based strain sensor from bovine horns. The keratinous material undergoes a mild alkaline hydrolysis at low temperatures in the presence of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) to obtain a keratin eutectogel. These novel materials showed great stretchability (∼90 %) and excellent sensing capabilities (gauge factor = 3.7), while being biocompatible and biodegradable. Furthermore, the materials were used for more than 600 operating cycles without any significant signal loss and with excellent linearity of the electrical response. Due to the ionic nature of the DES, the keratin eutectogel showed high ionic conductivity and anti-drying properties, allowing their use for extended periods of time without a significant loss of signal stability. As a result, the proposed strain sensor was successfully used for the sensing of human motions. This work can lead to a paradigm shift in the construction of flexible sensing devices by envisioning environmentally friendly materials with excellent properties to replace synthetic ones, thereby helping to reduce the negative impact of technological developments on nature.

{"title":"Keratin eutectogel as a strain sensor: Towards environmentally friendly technologies","authors":"Rodrigo Nicolás Núñez , Tomás Arnal , Ximena Guerbi , Flavia Michelini , Claudio J. Pérez , Celina Bernal , Alejandro Berra , Guillermo Javier Copello","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible strain sensors have gained a lot of interest in the last decade in response to the increasing demand for wearable and flexible electronic devices for medical applications and soft robotics. In this work, a simple economic strategy is proposed to fabricate a protein-based strain sensor from bovine horns. The keratinous material undergoes a mild alkaline hydrolysis at low temperatures in the presence of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) to obtain a keratin <em>eutectogel</em>. These novel materials showed great stretchability (∼90 %) and excellent sensing capabilities (gauge factor = 3.7), while being biocompatible and biodegradable. Furthermore, the materials were used for more than 600 operating cycles without any significant signal loss and with excellent linearity of the electrical response. Due to the ionic nature of the DES, the keratin eutectogel showed high ionic conductivity and anti-drying properties, allowing their use for extended periods of time without a significant loss of signal stability. As a result, the proposed strain sensor was successfully used for the sensing of human motions. This work can lead to a paradigm shift in the construction of flexible sensing devices by envisioning environmentally friendly materials with excellent properties to replace synthetic ones, thereby helping to reduce the negative impact of technological developments on nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 113791"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorinated silicone-modified epoxy acrylate amphiphobic coatings Exhibiting highly efficient resistance to simulants of chemical warfare agents

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113793

Huijuan Zhang , Dongcheng Yang , Likun Chen , Yongchao Zheng , He Zheng , Yan Cui , Ruifeng Wu

Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) could penetrate into the interior of some items, which would cause the difficulty of decontamination and pose a significant security threat to personnel due to the desorption of CWAs. In this study, fluoro-silicon-epoxy acrylate ternary prepolymer was firstly prepared, which contained fluoroalkane, epoxy and siloxane groups in its side chains. Then, fluorinated silione-modified epoxy acrylate coatings were prepared using 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane (DDCM) and organofluorosiloxane as mixed curing agents, which had excellent protective properties against 2-chloroethylethyl thioether (CEES) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), simulants of mustard and nerve agents. Compared to the coating prepared using DDCM, the coatings prepared with mixed curing agents possessed significantly enhanced amphiphobic properties while maintaining high resistance to CWAs simulants. By controlling the length of the fluorine-containing segment, diverse rough structures could be formed on the surface of the coating. The crosslinking density, relative fractional free volume, low surface energy materials, and rough structures were key factors for achieving coatings with good anti-penetration and amphiphobic properties against simulants. The Barrier rate of the coating against DMMP and CEES could reach 99.96% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, contact angles of DMMP, CEES, and water on the coating could reach 120°, 109°and 148°, respectively.

{"title":"Fluorinated silicone-modified epoxy acrylate amphiphobic coatings Exhibiting highly efficient resistance to simulants of chemical warfare agents","authors":"Huijuan Zhang , Dongcheng Yang , Likun Chen , Yongchao Zheng , He Zheng , Yan Cui , Ruifeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) could penetrate into the interior of some items, which would cause the difficulty of decontamination and pose a significant security threat to personnel due to the desorption of CWAs. In this study, fluoro-silicon-epoxy acrylate ternary prepolymer was firstly prepared, which contained fluoroalkane, epoxy and siloxane groups in its side chains. Then, fluorinated silione-modified epoxy acrylate coatings were prepared using 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane (DDCM) and organofluorosiloxane as mixed curing agents, which had excellent protective properties against 2-chloroethylethyl thioether (CEES) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), simulants of mustard and nerve agents. Compared to the coating prepared using DDCM, the coatings prepared with mixed curing agents possessed significantly enhanced amphiphobic properties while maintaining high resistance to CWAs simulants. By controlling the length of the fluorine-containing segment, diverse rough structures could be formed on the surface of the coating. The crosslinking density, relative fractional free volume, low surface energy materials, and rough structures were key factors for achieving coatings with good anti-penetration and amphiphobic properties against simulants. The Barrier rate of the coating against DMMP and CEES could reach 99.96% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, contact angles of DMMP, CEES, and water on the coating could reach 120°, 109°and 148°, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 113793"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A choline bio-ionic liquid-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel for chronic wound healing

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113787

Aihik Banerjee , Parnian Jabbari , Manuela Martins-Green , Iman Noshadi

Chronic wounds present a major healthcare challenge due to delayed healing, risk of infection, and limited treatment options. Current biomaterials-based chronic wound treatment strategies lack the multifunctional attributes necessary for tackling a myriad of pathophysiological complexities presented by chronic wounds. Here, we introduce a choline-based bio-ionic liquid (BIL)-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel (BioGel) formulated for treating diabetic chronic wounds in a unique mouse model that recapitulates chronic wounds in humans. We tested the in vitro angiogenic potential of BioGel using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Finally, we applied the BioGel hydrogel on chronic wounds in db/db^-/- mice, twice weekly for 21 days or until wound closure. BioGel improved angiogenesis in co-cultures of HUVECs and hMSCs as evidenced by a significantly increased number of intact vascular tube formations compared to GelMA, highlighting the pro-angiogenic function of choline in BioGel. The application of BioGel accelerated wound closure, reduced biofilm, and promoted hair regrowth, in our human-relevant diabetic chronic wound model. These results suggest that BioGel offers a multifunctional, effective solution for chronic wound management, surpassing the limitations of current treatments.

{"title":"A choline bio-ionic liquid-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel for chronic wound healing","authors":"Aihik Banerjee , Parnian Jabbari , Manuela Martins-Green , Iman Noshadi","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic wounds present a major healthcare challenge due to delayed healing, risk of infection, and limited treatment options. Current biomaterials-based chronic wound treatment strategies lack the multifunctional attributes necessary for tackling a myriad of pathophysiological complexities presented by chronic wounds. Here, we introduce a choline-based bio-ionic liquid (BIL)-functionalized gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel (BioGel) formulated for treating diabetic chronic wounds in a unique mouse model that recapitulates chronic wounds in humans. We tested the <em>in vitro</em> angiogenic potential of BioGel using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Finally, we applied the BioGel hydrogel on chronic wounds in <em>db/db<sup>-/-</sup></em> mice, twice weekly for 21 days or until wound closure. BioGel improved angiogenesis in co-cultures of HUVECs and hMSCs as evidenced by a significantly increased number of intact vascular tube formations compared to GelMA, highlighting the pro-angiogenic function of choline in BioGel. The application of BioGel accelerated wound closure, reduced biofilm, and promoted hair regrowth, in our human-relevant diabetic chronic wound model. These results suggest that BioGel offers a multifunctional, effective solution for chronic wound management, surpassing the limitations of current treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 113787"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

N-substituted 1,8-naphtalene imide-based (macro)initiator for investigation of photochemically induced ATRP process

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113789

Mária Gurská , Anita Eckstein-Andicsová , Jana Nováčiková , Jaroslav Mosnáček

The exact mechanism of photochemically induced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) performed without venting the reaction mixture, remains not fully elucidated, especially the effect of oxygen on initiation efficiency. Here new photoactive 1,8-naphtalene imide-based compound was synthesized and applied as an initiator in copper-catalyzed photoATRP. The naphthalene-based photoactive compound was designed to serve as fluorescent markers at the beginning of the polymer chain for the study of the initiation efficiency of photoATRP with minimal effect on the polymerization mechanism itself. Photoactive naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid derivative (NI) bearing alkyl bromide initiator was synthesized in a two steps process starting from commercially available naphthalic anhydride and subsequently utilizing carboxylic acid derivatives for esterification. After successfully preparing the potential initiator, it was applied for the first time in photoATRP of acrylates in various solvents (DMF, DMSO) in the presence of air. Two catalytic systems in ppm amounts were used comprising either CuBr₂/ tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me₆TREN) or CuBr₂/ tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) complex. The systematic study of the effect of solvent and catalytic complex allowed optimization of conditions to achieve high control over the molar masses and narrow dispersity while minimizing the negative effect of naphthalene imide chromophore. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC) equipped with a fluorescent detector was used for investigation of the initiation efficiency during photoATRP from low molecular weight naphthalene imide-based initiator as well as during chain extension photoATRP. As a potential applicability of the fluorescently labeled polyacrylates, they were used as ink for security printing.

{"title":"N-substituted 1,8-naphtalene imide-based (macro)initiator for investigation of photochemically induced ATRP process","authors":"Mária Gurská , Anita Eckstein-Andicsová , Jana Nováčiková , Jaroslav Mosnáček","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exact mechanism of photochemically induced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) performed without venting the reaction mixture, remains not fully elucidated, especially the effect of oxygen on initiation efficiency. Here new photoactive 1,8-naphtalene imide-based compound was synthesized and applied as an initiator in copper-catalyzed photoATRP. The naphthalene-based photoactive compound was designed to serve as fluorescent markers at the beginning of the polymer chain for the study of the initiation efficiency of photoATRP with minimal effect on the polymerization mechanism itself. Photoactive naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid derivative (NI) bearing alkyl bromide initiator was synthesized in a two steps process starting from commercially available naphthalic anhydride and subsequently utilizing carboxylic acid derivatives for esterification. After successfully preparing the potential initiator, it was applied for the first time in photoATRP of acrylates in various solvents (DMF, DMSO) in the presence of air. Two catalytic systems in ppm amounts were used comprising either CuBr<sub>2</sub>/ tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me<sub>6</sub>TREN) or CuBr<sub>2</sub>/ tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) complex. The systematic study of the effect of solvent and catalytic complex allowed optimization of conditions to achieve high control over the molar masses and narrow dispersity while minimizing the negative effect of naphthalene imide chromophore. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC) equipped with a fluorescent detector was used for investigation of the initiation efficiency during photoATRP from low molecular weight naphthalene imide-based initiator as well as during chain extension photoATRP. As a potential applicability of the fluorescently labeled polyacrylates, they were used as ink for security printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 113789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Helical diamagnetism of a polyaniline-based polynitroxyl radical/hydroxypropyl cellulose blend

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113790

Ryo Miyashita , Yutaka Shike , Reiji Kumai , Hiromasa Goto

In this study, poly(m-aniline) was synthesized via Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling polycondensation (Buchwald–Hartwig coupling) and oxidized using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (Tokumaru reaction) to generate nitroxyl radicals on the mainchains. Furthermore, oxidized poly(m-aniline) was blended with hydroxypropyl cellulose, which is a helical liquid crystal polymer. The obtained blend polymer was characterized using polarizing optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and optical spectroscopy. The magnetic properties of the blend polymer were investigated using electron spin resonance and a superconducting quantum interference device. The mainchain of oxidized poly(m-aniline) in the matrix formed a helical structure because hydroxypropyl cellulose served as a helical template. Consequently, the spins on the mainchain resulted in the formation of a helical structure, and the blend polymer exhibited a helical diamagnetic behavior.

引用次数: 0

A step towards sustainable bio-based solid polymer electrolytes for batteries: Terpene-based block copolymer-nanostructured self-assembly

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113788

Antoine Aynard, Laurent Billon

Herein, novel partially Bio-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes B2SPE were elaborated by synthesizing block copolymers BCP with a thermoplastic PolyThymylAcrylate (PTA) block derived from biomass and an elastomeric ion conductive Poly(PentaFluoroStyrene-graft-Ethylene Glycol) (PPFS-graft-PEG) block. The copolymers were obtained via Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization NMP of TA and PFS monomers successively, followed by a para-thiol modification of the PPFS block using a PEG-thiol containing 6 ethylene oxide (EO) units. We investigated the effect of different PPFS-PEG proportions in the BCP as well as the used of various bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) conductive salts (Li, Na, and K) on the thermal and ionic conductive properties of the B2SPEs related to their morphology. Indeed, the evaporative drying induced the self-assembly of the raw Bio-Based Block CoPolymers B2BCPs and their conductive homologues B2SPEs. The B2BCP self-assembly is slightly modified by the addition of TFSI conductive salts whatever the salts nature and content. The Li filled thermoplastic/elastomeric PTA-block-(PPFS-graft-PEG), as LiTFSI-based B2BCP, ionic conductivity was improved significantly by tuning the composition of the copolymer and salt ratio, demonstrating the potential of such nanostructured B2SPEs. This concept paves the way as a sustainable approach towards bio-based solid polymer electrolyte B2SPE with lower carbon footprint for battery innovation.

{"title":"A step towards sustainable bio-based solid polymer electrolytes for batteries: Terpene-based block copolymer-nanostructured self-assembly","authors":"Antoine Aynard, Laurent Billon","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, novel partially Bio-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes B2SPE were elaborated by synthesizing block copolymers BCP with a thermoplastic PolyThymylAcrylate (PTA) block derived from biomass and an elastomeric ion conductive Poly(PentaFluoroStyrene-<em>graft</em>-Ethylene Glycol) (PPFS-<em>graft</em>-PEG) block. The copolymers were obtained <em>via</em> Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization NMP of TA and PFS monomers successively, followed by a <em>para</em>-thiol modification of the PPFS block using a PEG-thiol containing 6 ethylene oxide (EO) units. We investigated the effect of different PPFS-PEG proportions in the BCP as well as the used of various bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) conductive salts (Li, Na, and K) on the thermal and ionic conductive properties of the B2SPEs related to their morphology. Indeed, the evaporative drying induced the self-assembly of the raw Bio-Based Block CoPolymers B2BCPs and their conductive homologues B2SPEs. The B2BCP self-assembly is slightly modified by the addition of TFSI conductive salts whatever the salts nature and content. The Li filled thermoplastic/elastomeric PTA-<em>block</em>-(PPFS-<em>graft</em>-PEG), as LiTFSI-based B2BCP, ionic conductivity was improved significantly by tuning the composition of the copolymer and salt ratio, demonstrating the potential of such nanostructured B2SPEs. This concept paves the way as a sustainable approach towards bio-based solid polymer electrolyte B2SPE with lower carbon footprint for battery innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 113788"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rational design and molecular engineering of ultrastable porous fluorescent guanidine functionalized polybenzoxazine

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113786

Mohammed G. Kotp , Mohamed Gamal Mohamed , Aya Osama Mousa , Shiao-Wei Kuo

This study reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel compound, 1,2,3-tris(7-bromo-2H-benzo[e][1], [3]oxazin-3(4H)-yl)guanidine (BGu-BZ), using triaminoguanidinium chloride (Gu-3NH₂) as a precursor through a straightforward Mannich condensation reaction. The resulting benzoxazine monomer exhibited distinct fluorescence properties influenced by solvent polarity, with emission maxima shifting across solvents. Thermal curing of BGu-BZ at 220 °C yielded poly(BGu-BZ), a porous polymer with enhanced fluorescence emission and excellent thermal stability (T_d10 = 381.5 °C). The cured polymer demonstrated a surface area of 43 m²/g and significant fluorescence shifts, confirming alterations in electronic structure and increased conjugation. The study highlights the solvatochromism behavior of both monomer and polymer, underscoring their potential for applications in luminescent technologies such as solvent sensing and optoelectronics. This work provides valuable insights into the structural-functional relationship in guanidine-functionalized benzoxazines, paving the way for advanced material applications.

{"title":"Rational design and molecular engineering of ultrastable porous fluorescent guanidine functionalized polybenzoxazine","authors":"Mohammed G. Kotp , Mohamed Gamal Mohamed , Aya Osama Mousa , Shiao-Wei Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel compound, 1,2,3-tris(7-bromo-2H-benzo[e]<span><span>[1]</span></span>, <span><span>[3]</span></span>oxazin-3(4H)-yl)guanidine (BGu-BZ), using triaminoguanidinium chloride (Gu-3NH<sub>2</sub>) as a precursor through a straightforward Mannich condensation reaction. The resulting benzoxazine monomer exhibited distinct fluorescence properties influenced by solvent polarity, with emission maxima shifting across solvents. Thermal curing of BGu-BZ at 220 °C yielded poly(BGu-BZ), a porous polymer with enhanced fluorescence emission and excellent thermal stability (T<sub>d10</sub> = 381.5 °C). The cured polymer demonstrated a surface area of 43 m<sup>2</sup>/g and significant fluorescence shifts, confirming alterations in electronic structure and increased conjugation. The study highlights the solvatochromism behavior of both monomer and polymer, underscoring their potential for applications in luminescent technologies such as solvent sensing and optoelectronics. This work provides valuable insights into the structural-functional relationship in guanidine-functionalized benzoxazines, paving the way for advanced material applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 113786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in microneedles for drug delivery and theranostic application

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113773

Mayuri Gupta , Nimisha Srivastava , A.K. Rai , Himanshu Kathuria

The microneedle (MN) devices has attracted significant attention in recent years. Its notable features are painless delivery, minimally invasive, effective treatment outcomes, precise delivery, and safety. The MN works by creating tiny pathways in the skin to facilitate faster absorptions of actives in the skin. It has shown promise in delivering a wide range of therapeutics, including small molecules, biologics, and vaccines. It has also been used in theranostic and diagnostics applications, which can provide valuable insights into treatment efficacy and disease progression, enabling personalized and optimized therapeutic interventions. Clinical studies have validated the effectiveness and safety of MN in various diseases. For instance, MN-based insulin delivery systems have demonstrated improved glycaemic control and reduced hypoglycaemic events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Likewise, MN patches have shown enhanced immune responses compared to traditional needle injections, offering a promising approach to vaccine delivery. These studies underscore the potential of MN in healthcare delivery by offering minimally invasive and patient-friendly solutions. However, the MN filed is evolving as new types of MN systems are being developed, such as 4D MN technologies, separable MN patches, hybrid microneedle, smart microneedles, etc. These advancements aim to further enhance drug delivery and theranostics capabilities, enable controlled release kinetics, and optimize tissue penetration for improved therapeutic outcomes.

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引用次数: 0

Design and synthesis of aliphatic supramolecular polymers featuring amide, urethane, and urea hydrogen bonding units

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

European Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.113782

Alarqam Zyaad Tareq , Matthew Hyder , Daniel Hermida Merino , Saeed D. Mohan , James.A. Cooper , Wayne Hayes

Functionalisation of polyurethane-urea oligomers with hydrogen bonding amide end groups leads to dramatic thermal, mechanical, morphological, and rheological changes of supramolecular polyurethane elastomers. This study reports the design, synthesis and characterisation of six new aliphatic thermally stable supramolecular polyurethanes (SPUs). It was found that introduction of the amide end groups affords a polymer network that is maintained by dynamic associations within the solid state of the material. Through atomic force microscopy (AFM), the aggregation of hard segments of these phase separated SPU networks was found to be more prominent with the introduction of the amide end groups. The strong hydrogen bonding associations between the amide end groups were complemented by urea-urea and urethane-urethane interactions from the main chains to enhance the self-assembly and phase separation of SPUs and also improve the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties with respect to other SPU elastomers that feature bisamide end groups. These thermally stable phase separated SPUs also displayed remarkable re-adhesive capabilities on both glass and aluminium substrates, for example, SPU2 exhibited unique reusability after seven adhesion cycles.

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引用次数: 0

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