Pub Date : 2019-01-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AJBLS.20180606.13
M. Šupolíková, M. Labudova, E. Nováková, A. Staňová, V. Šišovský, F. Golais
In this study the effect of MHV-68 related growth factor 68 (MHGF-68) on initiation and progression of tumor growth using fractions in various stages of purification and treated with various chemical methods was demonstrated. The biological sample in the form of culture medium of BHK-21 cells infected with Murine herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) was fractionated using conventional chemical procedures (dilution by deionized water and physiological solution pH 7.2, centrifugation and extraction with n-butanol and chloroform) and different chromatographic techniques. All obtained fractions were tested for biological activity. In the experiments were used 4 weeks old athymic nude mice, subcutaneously infected with the suspension of tumor Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Within 8 days post administration tumor proliferation was observed. Subsequently intravenously administered MHGF-68 fractions 1B1 and 1D2 with the antiproliferative effect were tested in vivo to see their inhibitory activity on the initiation or progression of tumor growth in mice. Tumors in experimental mice treated with MHGF-68 fractions exhibited decreased growth of tumors in comparison to control mice. These data show that tumor xenografts were suppressed after treatment with 1B1 and 1D2 fractions of MHGF-68. Taken together, the promising potential of MHGF-68 in modulating tumor growth could be used as a foundation for development of novel cancer treatment measures with antiproliferative effects.
{"title":"The Effect of Murine Herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) Related Growth Factor 68 (MHGF-68) on the Tumor Progression in Athymic Nude Mice","authors":"M. Šupolíková, M. Labudova, E. Nováková, A. Staňová, V. Šišovský, F. Golais","doi":"10.11648/J.AJBLS.20180606.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJBLS.20180606.13","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the effect of MHV-68 related growth factor 68 (MHGF-68) on initiation and progression of tumor growth using fractions in various stages of purification and treated with various chemical methods was demonstrated. The biological sample in the form of culture medium of BHK-21 cells infected with Murine herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) was fractionated using conventional chemical procedures (dilution by deionized water and physiological solution pH 7.2, centrifugation and extraction with n-butanol and chloroform) and different chromatographic techniques. All obtained fractions were tested for biological activity. In the experiments were used 4 weeks old athymic nude mice, subcutaneously infected with the suspension of tumor Hepa 1c1c7 cells. Within 8 days post administration tumor proliferation was observed. Subsequently intravenously administered MHGF-68 fractions 1B1 and 1D2 with the antiproliferative effect were tested in vivo to see their inhibitory activity on the initiation or progression of tumor growth in mice. Tumors in experimental mice treated with MHGF-68 fractions exhibited decreased growth of tumors in comparison to control mice. These data show that tumor xenografts were suppressed after treatment with 1B1 and 1D2 fractions of MHGF-68. Taken together, the promising potential of MHGF-68 in modulating tumor growth could be used as a foundation for development of novel cancer treatment measures with antiproliferative effects.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116248271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-15DOI: 10.11648/j.ajpa.20180606.13
K. Mabuchi
Many products using a magnetic property, a mechanical property and chemical property of the thin metal film of the nm order are developing in the great many fields. The establishment of technology for corrosion prevention under nm level or the atom level is necessary to control corrosion without losing the characteristic of these products. In this study, surface treatments using BTSE, BTSPA, and BTSPS were evaluated from the viewpoint of improving the corrosion resistance of thin cobalt films. Corrosion behavior was evaluated corrosion current density using Tafel plots. Treated cobalt films were characterized by XPS and observed by SEM and AFM. A silane-coupling layer formed on the cobalt as a result of each of these treatments. However, the corrosion resistances offered by the different layers varied significantly. Immersion in BTSE with hydrogen peroxide for one hour did not yield an improvement, whereas immersion for 24 hours resulted in a large improvement. In contrast, immersion in BTSPA with hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours did not lead to a corrosion improvement, whereas immersion for one hour provided corrosion resistance. Immersion in BTSPS with hydrogen peroxide for either amount of time yielded no improvement, because of the poor coherency of the deposit on cobalt. These behaviors can be explained in terms of the hard and soft acid-base principle.
{"title":"Improving Corrosion Resistance of Co Using Silane Coupling Treatment in Neutral Solution","authors":"K. Mabuchi","doi":"10.11648/j.ajpa.20180606.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpa.20180606.13","url":null,"abstract":"Many products using a magnetic property, a mechanical property and chemical property of the thin metal film of the nm order are developing in the great many fields. The establishment of technology for corrosion prevention under nm level or the atom level is necessary to control corrosion without losing the characteristic of these products. In this study, surface treatments using BTSE, BTSPA, and BTSPS were evaluated from the viewpoint of improving the corrosion resistance of thin cobalt films. Corrosion behavior was evaluated corrosion current density using Tafel plots. Treated cobalt films were characterized by XPS and observed by SEM and AFM. A silane-coupling layer formed on the cobalt as a result of each of these treatments. However, the corrosion resistances offered by the different layers varied significantly. Immersion in BTSE with hydrogen peroxide for one hour did not yield an improvement, whereas immersion for 24 hours resulted in a large improvement. In contrast, immersion in BTSPA with hydrogen peroxide for 24 hours did not lead to a corrosion improvement, whereas immersion for one hour provided corrosion resistance. Immersion in BTSPS with hydrogen peroxide for either amount of time yielded no improvement, because of the poor coherency of the deposit on cobalt. These behaviors can be explained in terms of the hard and soft acid-base principle.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125545522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-25DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180606.12
Davidzon Mikhail Yosifovich
Nowadays most of the practical calculations and theoretical findings in convective heat transfer amount to determining heat transfer coefficient (a coefficient of proportionality between surface density of the heat flux and temperature difference between the wall and the heated medium). An expression that includes heat transfer coefficient is called Newton’s law of cooling. The purpose of this study is to show that Newton’s law of cooling is not consistent with the first law of thermodynamics, and the study proves it using a new, vector form of the first law of thermodynamics, along with the more traditional scalar form. The study also offers a new analytically obtained expression for calculating surface density of the heat flux, and shows that it is not consistent with the Newton’s law of cooling. It also shows that Fourier’s thermal conduction law is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics in vector form, and that Fourier-Richmann’s law of cooling and Newton’s law of cooling do not agree with the first law of thermodynamics. The results of this study can be used in engineering calculations for heat-using devices, as well as in a theoretical research. Additionally, the study suggests a new possible way to derive a nonlinear energy equation – by using vector form of the first law of thermodynamics. If previously obtained nonlinear Navier-Stokes equation is added to this nonlinear energy equation, a system of nonlinear equations could be obtained to correctly describe theory and practice of convective heat exchange, introducing completely new methods for calculating convective heat exchange (without using traditional heat transfer coefficients and laws of cooling).
{"title":"The First Law of Thermodynamics in Vector Form and Convective Heat Transfer","authors":"Davidzon Mikhail Yosifovich","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180606.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180606.12","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays most of the practical calculations and theoretical findings in convective heat transfer amount to determining heat transfer coefficient (a coefficient of proportionality between surface density of the heat flux and temperature difference between the wall and the heated medium). An expression that includes heat transfer coefficient is called Newton’s law of cooling. The purpose of this study is to show that Newton’s law of cooling is not consistent with the first law of thermodynamics, and the study proves it using a new, vector form of the first law of thermodynamics, along with the more traditional scalar form. The study also offers a new analytically obtained expression for calculating surface density of the heat flux, and shows that it is not consistent with the Newton’s law of cooling. It also shows that Fourier’s thermal conduction law is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics in vector form, and that Fourier-Richmann’s law of cooling and Newton’s law of cooling do not agree with the first law of thermodynamics. The results of this study can be used in engineering calculations for heat-using devices, as well as in a theoretical research. Additionally, the study suggests a new possible way to derive a nonlinear energy equation – by using vector form of the first law of thermodynamics. If previously obtained nonlinear Navier-Stokes equation is added to this nonlinear energy equation, a system of nonlinear equations could be obtained to correctly describe theory and practice of convective heat exchange, introducing completely new methods for calculating convective heat exchange (without using traditional heat transfer coefficients and laws of cooling).","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129347724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-21DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180606.11
Zirui Wang, Yuhuan Li
The early universe consists of element particles such as quarks and gluons after the big bang. Understanding their interactions is crucial for the physics, especially their interaction strength: do they behave like a gas or like water? A lot of experiments and theoretical calculations have been performed in labs, using different particles to study the properties of the early universe. Luckily, scientists can create this state of matter on earth by proton-proton collisions (or nucleus-nucleus collisions). As this matter produced in the particle collisions last only a very short of time ~ fm/c where c is the speed of light. How to probe this medium becomes difficult? This work suggests that people can study the momentum correlations between particles moving in the opposite direction in the hot medium. If the early universe is a STRONGLY coupled medium, then the medium will change both particles’ momentum. After they move out of the hot medium, their momentum angular is NOT pi anymore. In summary, the hot medium random interactions will change the momentum angular between two particles even their initial momentum is in the opposite direction. This work employs the Langevin equation to simulate their evolutions in the hot medium, and get good results.
{"title":"Angular Correlations of Particle Momentum in the Hot Dense Medium","authors":"Zirui Wang, Yuhuan Li","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180606.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180606.11","url":null,"abstract":"The early universe consists of element particles such as quarks and gluons after the big bang. Understanding their interactions is crucial for the physics, especially their interaction strength: do they behave like a gas or like water? A lot of experiments and theoretical calculations have been performed in labs, using different particles to study the properties of the early universe. Luckily, scientists can create this state of matter on earth by proton-proton collisions (or nucleus-nucleus collisions). As this matter produced in the particle collisions last only a very short of time ~ fm/c where c is the speed of light. How to probe this medium becomes difficult? This work suggests that people can study the momentum correlations between particles moving in the opposite direction in the hot medium. If the early universe is a STRONGLY coupled medium, then the medium will change both particles’ momentum. After they move out of the hot medium, their momentum angular is NOT pi anymore. In summary, the hot medium random interactions will change the momentum angular between two particles even their initial momentum is in the opposite direction. This work employs the Langevin equation to simulate their evolutions in the hot medium, and get good results.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123023250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-03DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.14
S. Abdelhady
The measured efficiencies of modern photovoltaic solar cells that exceed the limit determined by Shockley and Queisser indicate a need for advanced physics to solve such conflict. Similarly, the duality confusion represents another conflict that acquires new physics. Such conflicts and confusions were recently solved by using an innovative definition of the nature of electric current as electromagnetic waves of electric potential. This definition was used to find also plausible physical explanation of the results of Tesla’s experiment of transmission of electric power in space and the success of Faraday in polarizing light by electric field in one of his experiments. Additionally, literature failed to find plausible physical explanation of estimating the electric potential of the output electric current from thermopiles and thermoelectric generators as the sum of electric potentials gained in crossing the junctions of these devices. It is shown in this paper that the introduced nature of electric current leads to advanced and plausible physical explanation of such results. It is shown also in this paper that the electric potential of the output electric current from multijunction photovoltaic cells can be estimated, similar to the thermopiles and TEG, as sum of electric potentials gained in crossing the junctions of these cells. Such similarity between the relations applied in estimating the gained potentials in all these multijunction-devices in addition to the relation found by Goldsmid and Sharp between the Seebeck coefficient and the energy bandgap prove that the Photovoltaic effect and the Seebeck effect corresponds simply to the same phenomenon. In other words; the gained potential in photovoltaic cells is generated by the thermal potential of the incident radiation and the difference of the Seebeck coefficients of the materials of its junctions. Such advanced physics may represent a gateway to understand other phenomena in the nature.
{"title":"Advanced Physics of Thermoelectric Generators and Photovoltaic Cells","authors":"S. Abdelhady","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.14","url":null,"abstract":"The measured efficiencies of modern photovoltaic solar cells that exceed the limit determined by Shockley and Queisser indicate a need for advanced physics to solve such conflict. Similarly, the duality confusion represents another conflict that acquires new physics. Such conflicts and confusions were recently solved by using an innovative definition of the nature of electric current as electromagnetic waves of electric potential. This definition was used to find also plausible physical explanation of the results of Tesla’s experiment of transmission of electric power in space and the success of Faraday in polarizing light by electric field in one of his experiments. Additionally, literature failed to find plausible physical explanation of estimating the electric potential of the output electric current from thermopiles and thermoelectric generators as the sum of electric potentials gained in crossing the junctions of these devices. It is shown in this paper that the introduced nature of electric current leads to advanced and plausible physical explanation of such results. It is shown also in this paper that the electric potential of the output electric current from multijunction photovoltaic cells can be estimated, similar to the thermopiles and TEG, as sum of electric potentials gained in crossing the junctions of these cells. Such similarity between the relations applied in estimating the gained potentials in all these multijunction-devices in addition to the relation found by Goldsmid and Sharp between the Seebeck coefficient and the energy bandgap prove that the Photovoltaic effect and the Seebeck effect corresponds simply to the same phenomenon. In other words; the gained potential in photovoltaic cells is generated by the thermal potential of the incident radiation and the difference of the Seebeck coefficients of the materials of its junctions. Such advanced physics may represent a gateway to understand other phenomena in the nature.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116386231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-29DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.13
H. Xiong
The motion of the object in the medium has always been a hot research topic, and it is closely connected with many applications in our life. The acceleration of the object with multiple forces becomes very complicated, especially when these forces depend on the motion of the object. The exact formula for the object motion is a differential-integral equation and is very difficult to be solved analytically. One example of this kind of motions is the rocket launch. With sufficient thrust, the rocket can obtain an acceleration large enough to escape from the gravity of the earth. With the increasing height, the gravity from the earth becomes smaller, which affects the net acceleration of the rocket. Meanwhile, the air resistance becomes more and more important when the velocity of the rocket increases. It even plays the main role in the middle stage of the launch. Also, as the air resistance depends on both the velocity of the rocket and the air density (there is no air resistance in vacuum), the air resistance will decrease when the air density becomes small enough at the large height. In this article, a model that includes all of the factors mentioned above is established, and how these forces change the velocity of the rocket is analyzed. Two scenarios, one with air resistance and one without, are described. The velocity of the rocket in each scenario is represented by graphs, which are compared. With justification, the Taylor series is used to solve the differential-integral equation, and it is found that the fuel thrust and the gravity become important in the rocket launch at the beginning stage. In the middle stage, the air resistance begins to have a significant effect and reduces the acceleration of the rocket. In the final stage, there is virtually no gravity or air resistance, and only the fuel thrust contributes to the acceleration of the rocket.
{"title":"Realistic Simulations of Non-Linear Acceleration of the Rocket in the Air","authors":"H. Xiong","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.13","url":null,"abstract":"The motion of the object in the medium has always been a hot research topic, and it is closely connected with many applications in our life. The acceleration of the object with multiple forces becomes very complicated, especially when these forces depend on the motion of the object. The exact formula for the object motion is a differential-integral equation and is very difficult to be solved analytically. One example of this kind of motions is the rocket launch. With sufficient thrust, the rocket can obtain an acceleration large enough to escape from the gravity of the earth. With the increasing height, the gravity from the earth becomes smaller, which affects the net acceleration of the rocket. Meanwhile, the air resistance becomes more and more important when the velocity of the rocket increases. It even plays the main role in the middle stage of the launch. Also, as the air resistance depends on both the velocity of the rocket and the air density (there is no air resistance in vacuum), the air resistance will decrease when the air density becomes small enough at the large height. In this article, a model that includes all of the factors mentioned above is established, and how these forces change the velocity of the rocket is analyzed. Two scenarios, one with air resistance and one without, are described. The velocity of the rocket in each scenario is represented by graphs, which are compared. With justification, the Taylor series is used to solve the differential-integral equation, and it is found that the fuel thrust and the gravity become important in the rocket launch at the beginning stage. In the middle stage, the air resistance begins to have a significant effect and reduces the acceleration of the rocket. In the final stage, there is virtually no gravity or air resistance, and only the fuel thrust contributes to the acceleration of the rocket.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128776470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-09DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.12
V. V. Skobelev
Using analytical and numerical methods, the possibility of existence of the elongated and flat hydrogen molecules H2 is first analyzed by analogy with the possibility of existence of low-dimensional single- and two-electron atoms previously proved theoretically (including us) and the impossibility of existence of the same multi-electron atom first pointed out in one of our previous works. In principle, conclusions of the present work can be verified experimentally, since low-dimensional, that is, one- and two-dimensional atoms were obtained experimentally long time ago. In our opinion, the material presented in the Appendix is of independent methodical interest because of its possible inclusion in traditional courses of quantum mechanics.
{"title":"To the Theory of Low-Dimensional Hydrogen Molecules","authors":"V. V. Skobelev","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.12","url":null,"abstract":"Using analytical and numerical methods, the possibility of existence of the elongated and flat hydrogen molecules H2 is first analyzed by analogy with the possibility of existence of low-dimensional single- and two-electron atoms previously proved theoretically (including us) and the impossibility of existence of the same multi-electron atom first pointed out in one of our previous works. In principle, conclusions of the present work can be verified experimentally, since low-dimensional, that is, one- and two-dimensional atoms were obtained experimentally long time ago. In our opinion, the material presented in the Appendix is of independent methodical interest because of its possible inclusion in traditional courses of quantum mechanics.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131469085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-25DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.11
Cuixia Zhang, Huanxia Wang, Yu Liu, Ji-Quan Jiang
In accordance with the international trend, the new round of curriculum reform of basic education in China vigorously advocates inquiry teaching. Experiment plays an important role in physics. However, experiments have not been paid much attention in the past, so it is necessary to analyze how to carry out inquiry experiment teaching and investigate the current implementation status of inquiry-based experiment teaching. In this paper, literature research and questionnaire survey are conducted to investigate the students from the aspects of implementation conditions, implementation intention, implementation process and implementation effect of the inquiry physics experiment teaching. The results show that the present situation of physical inquiry experiment teaching is not optimistic. Although the overwhelming majority of students have positive intention to carry out the physical inquiry experiment, there are many problems in the implementation condition, implementation process and implementation effect of the physical inquiry experiment teaching. And it is in some degree trapped in the practical dilemma of formalism, which needs further improvement and perfection. Therefore, in order to promote the further optimization of exploratory experimental teaching, it is firstly suggested to provide multiparty support for the effective implementation of exploratory experiment teaching. Then, the operational examination is considered to be added in high-interest examinations. Finally, the physics teachers need to improve their professional quality.
{"title":"Investigation and the Improvement Strategy of the Inquiry Physics Experiment Teaching in Senior High School","authors":"Cuixia Zhang, Huanxia Wang, Yu Liu, Ji-Quan Jiang","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180605.11","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with the international trend, the new round of curriculum reform of basic education in China vigorously advocates inquiry teaching. Experiment plays an important role in physics. However, experiments have not been paid much attention in the past, so it is necessary to analyze how to carry out inquiry experiment teaching and investigate the current implementation status of inquiry-based experiment teaching. In this paper, literature research and questionnaire survey are conducted to investigate the students from the aspects of implementation conditions, implementation intention, implementation process and implementation effect of the inquiry physics experiment teaching. The results show that the present situation of physical inquiry experiment teaching is not optimistic. Although the overwhelming majority of students have positive intention to carry out the physical inquiry experiment, there are many problems in the implementation condition, implementation process and implementation effect of the physical inquiry experiment teaching. And it is in some degree trapped in the practical dilemma of formalism, which needs further improvement and perfection. Therefore, in order to promote the further optimization of exploratory experimental teaching, it is firstly suggested to provide multiparty support for the effective implementation of exploratory experiment teaching. Then, the operational examination is considered to be added in high-interest examinations. Finally, the physics teachers need to improve their professional quality.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126528215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-12DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180604.14
C. Zhigang, Tian Shuling, Sun Xing, W. Yuzhu, Han Yuchun, Ma Hui, C. Jie
Ant tracking technique is a widely used seismic interpretation method of identifying faults in the field of oil and gas exploration and development. However, due to its poor noise immunity, the fault identification effect of ant tracking could be easily affected by the quality of seismic data. Usually, two types of methods can be used to improve the effect of ant tracking, to improve the algorithm of ant tracking or to remove the noise of the seismic data. The first method is usually carried out by the research personnel, and it will take quite a long time before it can be integrated into the software, therefore, the de-noising method is more realistic for the interpreters. This paper puts forward a method of improving the effect of ant tracking by using AC component filtering of reflected intensity. In this method, the structural orientation filtering of the original seismic data is carried out first, and then a coherence cube is calculated based on multiple seismic trace dip scanning. Next, a filtering will be carried out on the coherence cube by using the AC component of the reflected intensity, and then the positive value after the filtering will be set to zero. Finally, the ant tracking will be processed based on the data volume. The improved ant tracking has a better fault identification effect with a higher fault identification rate, which is more favorable for the detailed interpretation of faults.
{"title":"A Method of Enhancing Fault Delineation Based on Reflection Strength AC Component Filtering","authors":"C. Zhigang, Tian Shuling, Sun Xing, W. Yuzhu, Han Yuchun, Ma Hui, C. Jie","doi":"10.11648/J.AJPA.20180604.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJPA.20180604.14","url":null,"abstract":"Ant tracking technique is a widely used seismic interpretation method of identifying faults in the field of oil and gas exploration and development. However, due to its poor noise immunity, the fault identification effect of ant tracking could be easily affected by the quality of seismic data. Usually, two types of methods can be used to improve the effect of ant tracking, to improve the algorithm of ant tracking or to remove the noise of the seismic data. The first method is usually carried out by the research personnel, and it will take quite a long time before it can be integrated into the software, therefore, the de-noising method is more realistic for the interpreters. This paper puts forward a method of improving the effect of ant tracking by using AC component filtering of reflected intensity. In this method, the structural orientation filtering of the original seismic data is carried out first, and then a coherence cube is calculated based on multiple seismic trace dip scanning. Next, a filtering will be carried out on the coherence cube by using the AC component of the reflected intensity, and then the positive value after the filtering will be set to zero. Finally, the ant tracking will be processed based on the data volume. The improved ant tracking has a better fault identification effect with a higher fault identification rate, which is more favorable for the detailed interpretation of faults.","PeriodicalId":329149,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physics and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125848404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-10DOI: 10.11648/J.AJPA.20180604.13
D. Furukawa, S. Saeki, Takafumi Ito, Yoshiaki Nishino
The skin aging process, e.g. wrinkles and sagging, caused by not only aging but also ultraviolet irradiation, could be related to the depression of metabolic function. Therefore, an in vivo quantitative measurement of capillary blood flow velocity governing skin metabolism functionally, i.e. microcirculation, is crucial to clarify the skin aging and to create skincare products. The purpose of this study is to visualize the tomographic velocity of red blood cell in capillaries just below human epidermal skin using Optical Coherence Doppler Velocigraphy, namely OCDV. This was constructed on a low coherence interferometer, which could provide tomographic distribution of flow-modulated Doppler frequency by developing OCDV algorithm of Hilbert transform and adjacent autocorrelation. In order to validate OCDV system, this was in vivo applied to human forearm skin under respective mechanically stimulated conditions of control and avascularization. As a result, a cross-sectional imaging of blood flow velocity was found to display not only morphological OCT images but also networks of capillary vasculature inside dermal tissue. It was confirmed that blood flow velocity further decreased in upper dermis under avascularization than control condition. Additionally, OCDV could provide a velocity map of blood flow having sensitivity to mechanical stimulus, so has strong efficacy to diagnose “ Capillary Angio-Dynamics ” of skin tissue. In conclusions, OCDV system could be quite useful for a micro-tomographic imaging of blood flow velocity of capillaries inside skin.
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