International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control最新文献_第7页

Modeling approaches for addressing enigmatic migration patterns for aqueous- and nonaqueous-soluble tracers in an enhanced oil recovery field

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104295

Mark White , Alex Rinehart , Peter Rose , Michael Mella , Richard Esser , William Ampomah

A series of six aqueous-soluble and four nonaqueous-soluble tracer experiments and corresponding numerical simulations were executed for the Farnsworth Field in Ochiltree County, Texas, USA, a field which is undergoing tertiary enhanced oil recovery with water-alternating-gas (WAG) production. The combination of field experiments and numerical simulations was designed to identify flow pathways between injectors and producers and potential short circuiting of injected fluids. Field recoveries of aqueous-soluble tracers were dependent on the WAG stages of the tracer injection well, with shorter arrival times for strictly waterflooding and delayed arrival times for alternating injection stages. Aqueous-soluble tracer (i.e., 1,3,6-naphthalene trisulfonate, 1,5-naphthalene disulfonate, 1,6-naphthalene disulfonate, 2-naphthalene sulfonate, 2,6-naphthalene disulfonate, and 2,7-naphthalene disulfonate) arrivals for WAG injectors indicated water bypass was occurring during gas injection stages. Nonaqueous-soluble tracer (i.e., perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane, perfluoroethylcyclohexane, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, and perfluoromethylcyclopentane) experiments revealed faster migration velocities than for the aqueous-soluble tracers and flow heterogeneities that resulted in the tracers bypassing nearer production wells. Base-case numerical simulations of the tracer experiments used a geologic model of the Morrow B sandstone production interval with parameters calibrated from history matching simulations, with the Morrow B sandstone sub-divided into hydrologic flow units (HFUs). Alternative simulation scenarios investigated HFU-dependent three-phase relative permeability models and dynamic intrinsic permeability enhancement with exposure to aqueous-dissolved CO₂. Compositional petroleum models with four components were shown to be sufficient for tracer modeling compared against a nine-component model, with a factor of four difference in simulation execution time. HFU-dependent relative permeability models and dynamic intrinsic permeability modifications influenced arrival times and production concentrations of both aqueous- and nonaqueous-soluble tracers but did not yield unique flow pathways compared to those observed in the base-case scenario.

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引用次数: 0

Can section 45Q tax credit foster decarbonization? A case study of geologic carbon storage at Acid Gas Injection wells in the Permian Basin 第45Q节税收抵免能促进脱碳吗？二叠系盆地酸性注气井地质储碳研究

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104284

Shruti K. Mishra , Miles A. Henderson , David Jiawei Tu , Alexander Erwin , Robert C. Trentham , Dietrich H. Earnhart , Jean-Lucien Fonquergne , Hannah Gagarin , Jason E Heath

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is an important pathway for meeting climate mitigation goals. While the economic viability of CCUS is well understood, previous studies do not evaluate the economic feasibility of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in the Permian Basin specifically regarding the new Section 45Q tax credits. We developed a technoeconomic analysis method, evaluated the economic feasibility of CCS at the acid gas injection (AGI) wells, and assessed the implication of Section 45Q tax credits for CCS at the AGIs. We find that the compressors, well depth, and the permit and monitoring costs drive the facility costs. Compressors are the predominant contributors to capital and operating expenditure driving the levelized cost of CO₂ storage. Strategic cost reduction measures identified include 1) sourcing of low-cost electricity and 2) optimizing operational efficiency in well operations. In evaluating the impact of the tax credits on CCS projects, facility scale proved decisive. We found that facilities with an annual injection rate exceeding 10,000 MT storage capacity demonstrate economic viability contingent upon the procurement of inputs at the least cost. The new construction of AGI wells were found to be economically viable at a storage capacity of 100,000 MT. The basin is heavily focused on CCUS (tax credit – $65/MT CO₂), which overshadows CCS ($85/MT CO₂) opportunities. Balancing the dual objectives of CCS and CCUS requires planning and coordination for optimal resource and pore space utilization to attain the basin's decarbonization potential. We also found that CCS on AGI is a lower cost CCS option as compared to CCS on other industries.

碳捕获、利用和封存（CCUS）是实现气候减缓目标的重要途径。虽然CCUS的经济可行性得到了很好的理解，但之前的研究并没有评估二叠纪盆地碳捕集与封存（CCS）的经济可行性，特别是关于新的45Q税收抵免。我们开发了一种技术经济分析方法，评估了酸化注气井CCS的经济可行性，并评估了第45Q节税收抵免对酸化注气井CCS的影响。我们发现，压缩机、井深、许可证和监控成本驱动了设施成本。压缩机是资本和运营支出的主要贡献者，推动了二氧化碳储存的平化成本。确定的战略成本降低措施包括：1)采购低成本电力；2)优化油井作业效率。在评估税收抵免对CCS项目的影响时，设施规模被证明是决定性的。我们发现，年注入率超过10,000 MT存储容量的设施显示出经济可行性，这取决于以最低成本采购投入。新建造的AGI井在经济上是可行的，其存储容量为10万吨。该盆地主要侧重于CCUS（税收抵免- 65美元/吨二氧化碳），这掩盖了CCS（85美元/吨二氧化碳）的机会。平衡CCS和CCUS的双重目标需要对资源和孔隙空间的最佳利用进行规划和协调，以实现流域的脱碳潜力。我们还发现，与其他行业的CCS相比，AGI的CCS成本更低。

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引用次数: 0

Mathematical modeling and economic optimization of a piperazine-based post-combustion carbon capture process 哌嗪基燃烧后碳捕集工艺的数学建模与经济优化

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104282

Ilayda Akkor , Shachit S. Iyer , John Dowdle , Le Wang , Chrysanthos E. Gounaris

Given the urgent need to mitigate increasing CO

_{2}

emissions and alleviate the climate crisis, amine-based post-combustion capture (PCC) processes have emerged as a prominent method to reduce the emissions from industrial point sources. While many technological advancements have been introduced for such processes, leading to decreased energy requirements for capture, there are still only a few commercial installations because of their high costs. Therefore, these processes can benefit from process optimization to enhance their economic viability. This work presents a new open-source, rate-based, equation-oriented model of a novel PCC process that uses piperazine as the amine solvent. The model was implemented in Python, in accordance with the Pyomo-based IDAES modeling and optimization framework. The proposed nonlinear model can be used for both simulation and optimization. To ensure its robust convergence, we further devise a rigorous, multi-level cascade initialization scheme, whose principles can further be applied towards the initialization of similar process models. The model was validated with published pilot plant data and then optimized for pilot and commercial scales with an economic objective that considers both capital and operational costs. Results show that process optimization can indeed improve the economics of this technology, leading to 15.6% yearly savings at the pilot scale compared to the baseline case considered in the study. Additional parametric analyses were performed to understand how the flue gas flowrate and CO

_{2}

concentration, as well as the target capture rate, affects the cost of capture.

鉴于减少二氧化碳排放和缓解气候危机的迫切需要，基于胺的燃烧后捕集（PCC）工艺已成为减少工业点源排放的重要方法。虽然在这种过程中引入了许多技术进步，导致捕获的能源需求减少，但由于成本高，仍然只有少数商业装置。因此，这些过程可以从过程优化中受益，以提高其经济可行性。这项工作提出了一个新的开源，基于速率的，方程导向的新型PCC过程模型，使用哌嗪作为胺溶剂。该模型是根据基于pyomo的IDAES建模和优化框架，用Python实现的。所提出的非线性模型既可用于仿真，也可用于优化。为了保证其鲁棒性收敛，我们进一步设计了一种严格的多级级联初始化方案，其原理可以进一步应用于类似过程模型的初始化。该模型通过公布的中试工厂数据进行了验证，然后针对中试和商业规模进行了优化，同时考虑了资本和运营成本的经济目标。结果表明，流程优化确实可以提高该技术的经济性，与研究中考虑的基线情况相比，中试规模每年可节省15.6%。还进行了额外的参数分析，以了解烟气流量和二氧化碳浓度以及目标捕集率如何影响捕集成本。

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引用次数: 0

Insights from FEED studies for retrofitting existing fossil power plants with carbon capture technology 利用碳捕集技术改造现有化石发电厂的 FEED 研究启示

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104268

Sally Homsy , Tommy Schmitt , Sarah Leptinsky , Hari Mantripragada , Alexander Zoelle , Timothy Fout , Travis Shultz , Ronald Munson , Dan Hancu , Nagamani Gavvalapalli , Jeffrey Hoffmann , Gregory Hackett

Recent United States Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored front-end engineering design (FEED) studies for retrofitting existing fossil-fueled power plants with state-of-the-art carbon capture technology contain previously overlooked real-world design considerations for near-term deployment of carbon capture. Insights from examining seven recently published FEED study reports are summarized in this paper. This includes a discussion of the design, performance, and cost implications associated with (1) location-specific considerations such as water availability, land availability, and accessibility; (2) host-plant-specific factors such as flue gas specifications, allowable degree of integration between the capture system and host plant, and operational mode; and (3) miscellaneous factors such as market conditions, permitting requirements, and business case incentives. This manuscript highlights (1) water availability as a key design and cost driver, with host plant steam extraction increasing capture system cooling water availability, (2) modularization and constructability impacts on the number of capture trains, (3) the impacts of host plant operational mode and capacity factor on the business case for installing capture, and (4) the merit of continued research, development, and demonstration efforts addressing steam extraction, host plant tie-in at the stack, solvent reclamation and air emissions control.

最近，美国能源部（DOE）赞助了利用最先进的碳捕集技术改造现有化石燃料发电厂的前端工程设计（FEED）研究，其中包含了以前忽略的近期部署碳捕集的实际设计考虑因素。本文总结了对最近发布的七份 FEED 研究报告的深入分析。这包括讨论与以下因素相关的设计、性能和成本影响：(1) 特定地点的考虑因素，如水的可用性、土地的可用性和可达性；(2) 特定主机厂的因素，如烟气规格、捕集系统与主机厂之间的允许集成度和运行模式；以及 (3) 其他因素，如市场条件、许可要求和商业案例激励。本手稿强调：（1）水的可用性是设计和成本的关键驱动因素，主机厂蒸汽抽排可增加捕集系统冷却水的可用性；（2）模块化和可施工性对捕集列车数量的影响；（3）主机厂运行模式和产能因素对安装捕集的商业案例的影响；以及（4）针对蒸汽抽排、烟囱主机厂连接、溶剂回收和空气排放控制等问题进行持续研究、开发和示范的优点。

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引用次数: 0

Putting the genie back in the bottle: Decarbonizing petroleum with direct air capture and enhanced oil recovery 将精灵放回瓶中：利用直接空气捕获和强化采油技术实现石油脱碳

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104281

Jayant Singh , Udayan Singh , Gonzalo Rodriguez Garcia , Vikram Vishal , Robert Anex

This study reports the cradle-to-wheel life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting from enhanced oil recovery (EOR) using CO₂ sourced from direct air capture (DAC). A Monte Carlo simulation model representing variability in technology, location, and supply chain is used to model the possible range of carbon intensities (CI) of oil produced through DAC-EOR. Crude oil produced through DAC-EOR is expected to have a CI of 449 tCO₂/mbbl. With 95% confidence, the CI is between 345 tCO₂/mbbl to 553 tCO₂/mbbl. Producing net-zero GHG emission oil through DAC-EOR is thus highly improbable. An example case of DAC-EOR in the U.S. Permian Basin shows that only in the unlikely instance of the most storage efficient sites using 100% renewable energy does DAC-EOR result in “carbon-negative” oil production.

本研究报告了利用直接空气捕集（DAC）获得的二氧化碳提高石油采收率（EOR）所产生的从摇篮到车轮的生命周期温室气体（GHG）排放量。研究采用蒙特卡洛模拟模型（Monte Carlo simulation model）来模拟通过 DAC-EOR 生产的石油的碳强度 (CI) 的可能范围，该模型代表了技术、地点和供应链的可变性。通过 DAC-EOR 生产的原油的 CI 预计为 449 吨 CO2/桶。在 95% 的置信度下，CI 介于 345 吨 CO2/mbbl 到 553 吨 CO2/mbbl 之间。因此，通过 DAC-EOR 生产净温室气体零排放石油的可能性极低。美国二叠纪盆地的一个 DAC-EOR 案例表明，只有在不太可能的情况下，在使用 100% 可再生能源的存储效率最高的地点，DAC-EOR 才能实现 "负碳 "石油生产。

引用次数: 0

A conceptual evaluation of the use of Ca(OH)2 for attaining carbon capture rates of 99% in the calcium looping process 在钙循环工艺中使用 Ca（OH）2 使碳捕获率达到 99% 的概念评估

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104279

Markus Secomandi , Markku Nikku , Borja Arias , Jouni Ritvanen

Calcium looping (CaL), typically capable of reducing CO₂ emissions by approximately 90%, is a technology well suited to capturing CO₂ emissions from a wide array of industrial processes. An approach in which Ca(OH)₂ is injected into the carbonator to increase the carbon capture efficiency of the CaL process to 99% was evaluated in this study using a one-and-a-half-dimensional reactor model. The effect of several key parameters was considered, including the injection flow rate, injection elevation, and the formation rate of CO₂ in the freeboard of the carbonator due to the combustion of char particles elutriated from the calciner. The main finding was that capture rates of 99% appear attainable, given that enough Ca(OH)₂ is injected and that the injection occurs at a suitable location, i.e., the sorbent is allowed sufficient residence time in the reactor.

钙循环（CaL）通常能够减少约 90% 的二氧化碳排放，是一种非常适合捕集各种工业流程中二氧化碳排放的技术。本研究使用一个半维反应器模型，对向碳化器注入 Ca(OH)2 以将 CaL 工艺的碳捕集效率提高到 99% 的方法进行了评估。研究考虑了几个关键参数的影响，包括注入流速、注入高度以及由于煅烧炉洗脱出的炭粒燃烧而在碳化器自由板中形成的二氧化碳的速率。主要发现是，只要注入足够多的 Ca（OH）2，并在合适的位置注入，即吸附剂在反应器中有足够的停留时间，捕集率似乎可以达到 99%。

引用次数: 0

Determining the dominant factors controlling mineralization in three-dimensional fracture networks 确定控制三维断裂网络矿化的主要因素

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104265

Jeffrey D. Hyman , Alexander C. Murph , Lawrence Boampong , Alexis Navarre-Sitchler , James W. Carey , Phil Stauffer , Hari S. Viswanathan

One methodology to reduce CO

_{2}

in the atmosphere is inject it into subsurface systems where the ambient conditions are favorable for the carbon to precipitate/mineralize thereby permanently trapping it. Prospective host rocks are relatively impermeable when intact, so the flow of fluids and associated reactive transport therein primarily occurs within and through interconnected fracture networks that provide lower hydraulic resistance. Although critically important for the success of carbon mineralization, the characterization of the interplay between network geostructure, geochemical reactions, and hydrology on the total extent of mineralization is poorly understood. To this end, a set of reactive transport simulations modeling coupled dissolution and precipitation under a variety for hydrological and geochemical conditions are performed to characterize their impact on mineralization in three-dimensional fractured media. The generated data set is used to perform a robust sensitivity analysis and characterize how model parameters, as well as the network structure, affect the total amount of precipitated mineral. It is observed that the reaction rate constant of gypsum, the volume of the network, the incoming volumetric flow rate, and initial porosity showed the strongest impact on the maximum amount of mineralization in the system throughout the simulations.

减少大气中二氧化碳含量的一种方法是将其注入地下系统，在地下系统中，环境条件有利于碳的沉淀/矿化，从而将其永久封存。远景主岩在完好的情况下相对不透水，因此其中的流体流动和相关的反应性迁移主要发生在提供较低水力阻力的相互连接的断裂网络中或通过断裂网络进行。尽管网络地质结构、地球化学反应和水文之间的相互作用对碳矿化的成功至关重要，但人们对其对矿化总范围的影响还知之甚少。为此，我们进行了一组反应传输模拟，模拟了各种水文和地球化学条件下的耦合溶解和沉淀，以确定它们对三维断裂介质中矿化的影响。生成的数据集用于进行稳健的敏感性分析，并确定模型参数和网络结构如何影响沉淀矿物的总量。结果表明，在整个模拟过程中，石膏的反应速率常数、网络体积、流入体积流量和初始孔隙度对系统中最大矿化量的影响最大。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced cation release via acid pretreatment for gigaton-scale geologic CO2 sequestration in basalt 通过酸预处理增强阳离子释放，在玄武岩中进行千兆吨级二氧化碳地质封存

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104266

Qin Zhang , Adedapo N. Awolayo , Patrick R. Phelps , Shafik Vadsariya , Christiaan T. Laureijs , Matthew D. Eisaman , Benjamin M. Tutolo

<div><div>Basalt-based CO<sub>2</sub> mineralization offers gigaton-scale capacity for sequestering anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>, but it faces challenges such as low cation productivity and formation of pore-clogging clays. A potential solution is to treat the basalt with aqueous acids such as HCl, a by-product of some electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> removal processes. To date, our understanding of basalt-acid interactions is limited to extrapolations from higher pH environments, and therefore little is known about the mechanisms of the reaction at acidic conditions. To address this knowledge gap, far-from-equilibrium dissolution rates of basaltic glass and crystalline basalt were measured in mixed flow reactors at pH 0 to 9, and temperatures from 23 to 60 °C, with a specific focus on the low-pH region. Measured geometric surface area-normalized dissolution rates can be described according to: <span><span><span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msup><mi>⋅</mi><mo>exp</mo><mfenced><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>42</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced><mi>⋅</mi><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>−</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mfenced><mi>⋅</mi><msubsup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>81</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>02</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msubsup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msup><mi>⋅</mi><mo>exp</mo><mfenced><mrow><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>32</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced><mi>⋅</mi><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>−</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mfenced><mi>⋅</mi><msubsup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>15</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span></span></span> where <span><math><mi>k</mi></math></span> is the rate constant (molm<sup>−2</sup> <!-->s<sup>−1</sup>) at any temperature <span><math><mi>T</mi></math></span> (Kelvin) and <span><math><msup><mrow><mtext>H</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> a

以玄武岩为基础的二氧化碳矿化可提供千兆吨级的人为二氧化碳封存能力，但它面临着阳离子生产力低和形成孔隙堵塞粘土等挑战。一个潜在的解决方案是用盐酸等水酸处理玄武岩，盐酸是某些电化学二氧化碳去除过程的副产品。迄今为止，我们对玄武岩-酸相互作用的了解仅限于从 pH 值较高的环境中推断，因此对酸性条件下的反应机制知之甚少。为了填补这一知识空白，我们在 pH 值为 0 至 9、温度为 23 至 60 ℃ 的混流反应器中测量了玄武岩玻璃和结晶玄武岩的远平衡溶解速率，重点是低 pH 值区域。测得的几何表面积归一化溶解速率可根据以下公式描述：k=10-(5.6±0.5)⋅exp-42.2±2.0R⋅1T-1Tr⋅aH+(0.81±0.02)+10-(10.9±0.3)⋅exp-32.5±1.1R⋅1T-1Tr⋅aH+-(0. 15±0.01)。15±0.01) 其中，k 是任意温度 T（开尔文）和 H+ 活性（aH+）下的速率常数（mol m-2 s-1），Tr 是参考温度（298.15 K），R 是理想气体常数（8.314 × 10-3 kJ mol-1 K-1）。动力学实验和地球化学建模的综合结果表明，酸与玄武岩反应产生的阳离子释放速度要快上几个数量级，可有效中和流体 pH 值，并通过限制硅在系统中的释放来限制粘土的形成。

引用次数: 0

Conceptual design and evaluation of membrane gas separation-based CO2 recovery unit for CO2 electrolyzers employing anion exchange membranes 采用阴离子交换膜的二氧化碳电解器基于膜气体分离的二氧化碳回收装置的概念设计和评估

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104278

Hyunshin Lee , Wonsuk Chung , Kosan Roh

Anion exchange membrane (AEM)-based electrolysis for CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) has garnered attention as a promising carbon dioxide utilization technology due to its superior energy efficiency at high current densities. The major drawback of AEM-based electrolysis for CO₂RR is CO₂ crossover, which leads to the loss of introduced CO₂ feedstock and thus detrimentally affects the process's overall economic and environmental viability. We design a 3-stage membrane-based CO₂ recovery unit to capture CO₂ from the mixture of CO₂ and O₂ discharged from the anode side of AEM-based CO₂ electrolyzers. The membrane area is optimized via a hybrid of genetic algorithm and ‘fmincon’ in MATLAB. The estimated CO₂ capture cost ranges from 43.3 to 109.3 USD/tCO₂, which is economically comparable to piperazine-based amine scrubbing units when recovering CO₂ at a purity of up to 99.5 mol.% under a CO₂/O₂ molar ratio of 1.5∼2. The carbon footprint of the designed process ranges from −0.936 to −0.838 tCO₂eq/tCO₂-captured, indicating superior environmental performance compared to those of the piperazine-based amine scrubbing units.

基于阴离子交换膜（AEM）的二氧化碳还原反应（CO2RR）电解技术因其在高电流密度下的卓越能效而备受关注，被视为一种前景广阔的二氧化碳利用技术。基于 AEM 的二氧化碳还原反应电解技术的主要缺点是二氧化碳交叉，这会导致引入的二氧化碳原料的损失，从而对该工艺的整体经济和环境可行性产生不利影响。我们设计了一种基于膜的 3 级二氧化碳回收装置，用于从基于 AEM 的二氧化碳电解槽阳极侧排出的二氧化碳和氧气混合物中捕获二氧化碳。膜面积通过 MATLAB 中的遗传算法和 "fmincon "混合算法进行优化。估计的二氧化碳捕获成本为 43.3 至 109.3 美元/吨二氧化碳，在二氧化碳/氧气摩尔比为 1.5∼2 的条件下，回收纯度高达 99.5 mol.% 的二氧化碳时，其经济效益与基于哌嗪的胺洗涤装置相当。所设计工艺的碳足迹范围为-0.936 至 -0.838 tCO2eq/tCO2-captured，表明与哌嗪基胺洗涤装置相比，该工艺具有更优越的环保性能。

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引用次数: 0

Seismic monitoring of CCS with active and passive data: A synthetic feasibility study based on Pelican site, Australia 利用主动和被动数据对 CCS 进行地震监测：基于澳大利亚鹈鹕场址的合成可行性研究

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104277

Mrinal Sinha , Erdinc Saygin , Andrew S. Ross , Ludovic Ricard

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is forecast to play a significant role towards CO

_{2}

emissions reduction. Cost-effective and simplified monitoring will be essential for rapid adoption and growth of CCS. Seismic imaging methods are regularly utilized to monitor low-velocity anomalies generated by injection of CO

_{2}

in the subsurface. In this study we generate active and passive synthetic seismic datasets at different stages of CO

_{2}

injection in the subsurface based on geologically constrained subsurface models of the Pelican storage site in the Gippsland Basin, Australia. We apply full waveform inversion (FWI) and wave-equation dispersion (WD) inversion to seafloor deployed distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data to reconstruct the low-velocity anomalies. We model both strain (DAS) and displacement datasets for the active data component of the study and show that they result in similar reconstruction of the CO

_{2}

anomaly. FWI based time-lapse imaging of active data yields the most accurate results. However, this approach is expensive and also suffers from complex issues because of the near-onshore location of the storage site. Alternatively inverting passive data results in only minor differences, but can still effectively monitor changes in the subsurface, and assist in monitoring the CO

_{2}

plume at the reservoir depth. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capability of WD for inverting Scholte-waves derived from ambient noise for shallow detection of CO

_{2}

in the unlikely event of a leakage. Therefore, we propose a mixed mode monitoring strategy where passive data is utilized for routine monitoring while active surveys are deployed only when further investigation is required.

碳捕集与封存（CCS）预计将在二氧化碳减排方面发挥重要作用。成本效益高且简化的监测对于 CCS 的快速应用和发展至关重要。地震成像方法经常被用来监测二氧化碳注入地下产生的低速异常。在本研究中，我们根据澳大利亚吉普斯兰盆地鹈鹕封存场的地质约束地下模型，生成了二氧化碳注入地下不同阶段的主动和被动合成地震数据集。我们将全波形反演（FWI）和波方程频散（WD）反演应用于海底部署的分布式声学传感（DAS）数据，以重建低速异常。我们为该研究的主动数据部分建立了应变（DAS）和位移数据集模型，结果表明它们能够重建类似的二氧化碳异常。基于 FWI 的活动数据延时成像可产生最精确的结果。不过，这种方法成本高昂，而且由于储藏点位于近岸，因此存在复杂性问题。另一种方法是对被动数据进行反演，结果差异不大，但仍能有效监测地下的变化，并有助于监测储层深处的二氧化碳羽流。此外，我们还展示了 WD 反演环境噪声产生的肖尔特波的能力，以便在万一发生泄漏的情况下对二氧化碳进行浅层探测。因此，我们提出了一种混合模式监测战略，即在日常监测中使用被动数据，而只有在需要进一步调查时才部署主动勘测。

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引用次数: 0