Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-304-322
O. Karbashevska
The aim of the article is an attempt of the literary analysis of personified landscape and object details in Vasyl Stefanyk’s novella “The Blue Book”, as well as of the translatological analysis of D. Husar-Struk’s rendering relevant text fragments into the English language. The tasks of the article: elaboration of reference, encyclopedic and scientific literature on the subject of the essence of such literary notions as the fictional detail, novella, landscape, object, falcon theory, personification; generalization of the Stefanyk literary studies as to the peculiarity of landscapes and objects of the short prose by the author of novellas; examination of translatological works concerning translation issues of V. Stefanyk’s novella texts into Germanic languages; singling out personified fictional details in the novella “The Blue Book” and establishment of their role; revelation of cases of D. Husar-Struk’s implementing translatological transformations during the translation of selected personified textual pieces; systematization and classification of these changes; definition of losses and gains in the English translated creation. The article employs complex research methods, namely general scientific research methods, such as analysis, synthesis and generalization, as well as a hermeneutic-interpretational (in the realm of interpreting fictional texts of the original and translation), linguistic, translatological, quantitative analysis. The practical significance. The materials and conclusions of the article may be used for writing students’ qualifying works, scientific works, developing and delivering lecture courses in the branch of literary and translation studies, in further scientific research of Vasyl Stefanyk’s creative work. The scientific novelty of the article is that for the first time in Ukrainian philology the personified landscape and object-detail things in V. Stefanyk’s novellas as well as their English translation became the subject of the complex analysis. As a result of the research the conclusions are drawn as to V. Stefanyk’s creative uniqueness to find its way in the landscape and object peculiarity of his novellas as well. For the author from Pokuttia ‒ a connoisseur of the human soul, the fictional detail performed a secondary, though integral and compensating function in his creative short prose works. The fictional language of the novellas in general, and particularly of the work “The Blue Book” (1897), witnesses that the personalization belongs to the writer’s favourite stylistic means of expression. In the named novella the personified plant world and objects, created by the human being, arise in Antin’s, i.e. the main hero’s one-side dialogue. Five fragments with personified fictional details in the novella “The Blue Book” are extracted. They perform such functions as filling with contents, psychologization of the situation and the character’s figure, and making them lyrical, as well as creating the plot, etc. In
本文试图从文学角度分析Vasyl Stefanyk的中篇小说《蓝皮书》中拟人化的风景和物体细节，并从翻译角度分析D. Husar-Struk将相关文本片段翻译成英语的方法。本文的任务是:阐述参考文献、百科文献和科学文献中关于小说细节、中篇小说、风景、对象、鹰说、拟人等文学概念的本质;斯蒂芬尼克文学研究对中篇小说作者短篇散文的景观和对象特性的概括;斯蒂凡克中篇小说日耳曼语翻译问题的译学研究在中篇小说《蓝皮书》中挑出拟人化的虚构细节，确立其角色;揭示胡萨-斯特鲁克在拟人化篇章翻译中实施翻译转换的案例;这些变化的系统化和分类;在英语翻译创作中对得失的定义。本文采用了复杂的研究方法，即一般的科学研究方法，如分析、综合和概括，以及解释学-解释学(在解释原著和译本的虚构文本的领域)、语言学、翻译学、定量分析。现实意义。本文的材料和结论可用于撰写学生的合格作品、科学著作、文学和翻译研究分支课程的开发和讲授，以及对Vasyl Stefanyk创作作品的进一步科学研究。本文的科学新颖之处在于，在乌克兰文献学中，第一次将V. Stefanyk中篇小说中的拟人化景观和物化细节事物及其英译作为复杂分析的主题。研究结果表明，斯蒂凡克的创作独特性也体现在其中篇小说的景观和对象独特性中。对于这位来自波库提亚的作家——一位人类灵魂的鉴赏家来说，虚构的细节在他富有创造性的短篇散文作品中发挥了次要的，尽管是不可或缺的和补偿的作用。中篇小说的虚构语言，尤其是1897年的作品《蓝皮书》(The Blue Book)，证明了个人化属于作家最喜欢的风格表达方式。在命名中篇小说中，人类创造的拟人化的植物世界和物体出现在Antin的对话中，即主人公的单方面对话中。摘取中篇小说《蓝皮书》中具有拟人化虚构细节的五个片段。它们具有内容填充、情境心理化、人物形象化、抒情化、情节塑造等功能。在翻译创作《蓝皮书》中，胡萨尔-斯特鲁克既保留了中篇小说的思想和内容，又保留了所描写事件的景物空间，传达了作家独特的创作方式。由于使用了38种转换以及它们的6种组合，所以允许从原始到翻译的转换。译文审美负担的减轻主要体现在对倒装(4)和省略(4)、民族标记单位(3)、辩证法和波库提亚方言(14)、旧式(2)和缩略语(1)的再现过程中。
{"title":"LANDSCAPE AND OBJECT DETAILS IN VASYL STEFANYK’S NOVELLAS AND THEIR ENGLISH TRANSLATION","authors":"O. Karbashevska","doi":"10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-304-322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-304-322","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is an attempt of the literary analysis of personified landscape and object details in Vasyl Stefanyk’s novella “The Blue Book”, as well as of the translatological analysis of D. Husar-Struk’s rendering relevant text fragments into the English language. The tasks of the article: elaboration of reference, encyclopedic and scientific literature on the subject of the essence of such literary notions as the fictional detail, novella, landscape, object, falcon theory, personification; generalization of the Stefanyk literary studies as to the peculiarity of landscapes and objects of the short prose by the author of novellas; examination of translatological works concerning translation issues of V. Stefanyk’s novella texts into Germanic languages; singling out personified fictional details in the novella “The Blue Book” and establishment of their role; revelation of cases of D. Husar-Struk’s implementing translatological transformations during the translation of selected personified textual pieces; systematization and classification of these changes; definition of losses and gains in the English translated creation. \u0000The article employs complex research methods, namely general scientific research methods, such as analysis, synthesis and generalization, as well as a hermeneutic-interpretational (in the realm of interpreting fictional texts of the original and translation), linguistic, translatological, quantitative analysis. \u0000The practical significance. The materials and conclusions of the article may be used for writing students’ qualifying works, scientific works, developing and delivering lecture courses in the branch of literary and translation studies, in further scientific research of Vasyl Stefanyk’s creative work. \u0000The scientific novelty of the article is that for the first time in Ukrainian philology the personified landscape and object-detail things in V. Stefanyk’s novellas as well as their English translation became the subject of the complex analysis. \u0000As a result of the research the conclusions are drawn as to V. Stefanyk’s creative uniqueness to find its way in the landscape and object peculiarity of his novellas as well. For the author from Pokuttia ‒ a connoisseur of the human soul, the fictional detail performed a secondary, though integral and compensating function in his creative short prose works. The fictional language of the novellas in general, and particularly of the work “The Blue Book” (1897), witnesses that the personalization belongs to the writer’s favourite stylistic means of expression. In the named novella the personified plant world and objects, created by the human being, arise in Antin’s, i.e. the main hero’s one-side dialogue. Five fragments with personified fictional details in the novella “The Blue Book” are extracted. They perform such functions as filling with contents, psychologization of the situation and the character’s figure, and making them lyrical, as well as creating the plot, etc. In","PeriodicalId":338851,"journal":{"name":"PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word","volume":"493 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132196649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-148-157
M. Hrytsiuk
Writers’ correspondence makes a significant and valuable part of literary studies, discovering life and creative portraits of writers and representatives of their families, thus expanding and objectively outlining the research horizons of the Ukrainian literary process. The aim of the proposed article is to partially highlight creative, public and cultural-enlightening activities of Vasyl Stefanyk’s three sons – Semen, Kyrylo and Yurii, written on the basis of the family correspondence of the father and his sons, of three brothers with one another (as well as the correspondence with other relatives, literary, cultural, public and religious activists of that time, friends), of archival materials, works on literary criticism and country studies, recollections; there are examined Vasyl Stefanyk’s letters of different periods, where the author mentions his sons, the image of Stefanyk-father and his sons’ portraits are analysed with the help of biographical, historical and psychological approaches to studying the issue, constituting research methods. As a result, the uniqueness of the epistolary heritage of Vasyl Stefanyk’s family and the peculiarity of relationships and communication of Stefanyk-father and Stefanyks-sons, as well as of the sons with one anotherare demonstrated, the peculiarities of characters and the main life milestones of Semen, Kyrylo and Yurii Stefanyks are revealed (this makes the practical significance and novelty of the presented research), the significance of Stefanyks’ family correspondence in the all-Ukrainian context as well as the necessity and perspective of the research of the literary, public and cultural-enlightening heritage of Semen, Kyrylo and Yurii Stefanyks, in particular, are proved.
{"title":"SEMEN, KYRYLO AND YURII STEFANYKS IN FAMILY EPISTLES","authors":"M. Hrytsiuk","doi":"10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-148-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-148-157","url":null,"abstract":"Writers’ correspondence makes a significant and valuable part of literary studies, discovering life and creative portraits of writers and representatives of their families, thus expanding and objectively outlining the research horizons of the Ukrainian literary process. The aim of the proposed article is to partially highlight creative, public and cultural-enlightening activities of Vasyl Stefanyk’s three sons – Semen, Kyrylo and Yurii, written on the basis of the family correspondence of the father and his sons, of three brothers with one another (as well as the correspondence with other relatives, literary, cultural, public and religious activists of that time, friends), of archival materials, works on literary criticism and country studies, recollections; there are examined Vasyl Stefanyk’s letters of different periods, where the author mentions his sons, the image of Stefanyk-father and his sons’ portraits are analysed with the help of biographical, historical and psychological approaches to studying the issue, constituting research methods. \u0000As a result, the uniqueness of the epistolary heritage of Vasyl Stefanyk’s family and the peculiarity of relationships and communication of Stefanyk-father and Stefanyks-sons, as well as of the sons with one anotherare demonstrated, the peculiarities of characters and the main life milestones of Semen, Kyrylo and Yurii Stefanyks are revealed (this makes the practical significance and novelty of the presented research), the significance of Stefanyks’ family correspondence in the all-Ukrainian context as well as the necessity and perspective of the research of the literary, public and cultural-enlightening heritage of Semen, Kyrylo and Yurii Stefanyks, in particular, are proved.","PeriodicalId":338851,"journal":{"name":"PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127589804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-245-253
M. Hnatiuk
The author of the article analyzes V. Stefanyk's short stories, in which the author comprehends the formation of the national consciousness of Ukrainians after the failure of the liberation struggles of 1918-1920.Patriotic theme that at the turn of the ХІХ-ХХ centuries found artistic embodiment in the image of the offended peasantry, in the second period of the writer's work (1916-1936) was realized in stories depicting the formation of a new generation of nationally conscious Ukrainians who came out of this peasantry. The author of the study analyzes the short stories "Maria", "Sons", involving in the analysis the journalism and correspondence of the writer. This suggests that the works of V. Stefanyk of this period became one of the brightest patriotic examples of Ukrainian literature of the first half of the twentieth century.
{"title":"THEME OF UKRAINE IN ARTISTIC AND JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE OF VASYL STEFANYK","authors":"M. Hnatiuk","doi":"10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-245-253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-245-253","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article analyzes V. Stefanyk's short stories, in which the author comprehends the formation of the national consciousness of Ukrainians after the failure of the liberation struggles of 1918-1920.Patriotic theme that at the turn of the ХІХ-ХХ centuries found artistic embodiment in the image of the offended peasantry, in the second period of the writer's work (1916-1936) was realized in stories depicting the formation of a new generation of nationally conscious Ukrainians who came out of this peasantry. The author of the study analyzes the short stories \"Maria\", \"Sons\", involving in the analysis the journalism and correspondence of the writer. This suggests that the works of V. Stefanyk of this period became one of the brightest patriotic examples of Ukrainian literature of the first half of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":338851,"journal":{"name":"PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125263562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-231-236
O. M. Sernyak
The article analyzes some aspects of the communicative approach to teaching EFL with the emphasis on teaching of talk versus language teaching in the EFL classroom. It has been revealed that traditional approach to teaching EFL actually separates teaching of foreign language from teaching practical speech. As far as talkers learn to talk by being exposed to communication practices during talking exchanges, it would be more successful to teach a foreign language in the process of actual exchanges of talk that allows participants to coordinate their turn taking in communication with others. The individual must be treated as a talker or participant in a foreign community not as a learner in the classroom. EFL teaching should be based not on teaching language but on teaching of spontaneous talk. There has been investigated the basic difference between teaching language and teaching of talk. While the unit of language is the sentence, the unit of talk is the exchange. It has been proved that it is rational that teaching verbal fluency in English should not depend on pedagogical units such as ‘the sentence’, ‘the utterance’ or ‘the structural pattern’ but actual speech exchanges between the communicators. There has been demonstrated that transactional methods designate the orientation towards teaching talk through particular actual exchanges. The pedagogic effort of teaching talk involves exposing the student to social situations in which he is being treated as a talker or a social participant rather than a learner or a participant of a simulated conversation.
{"title":"TEACHING OF TALK VERSUS LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE EFL CLASSROOM","authors":"O. M. Sernyak","doi":"10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-231-236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-231-236","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes some aspects of the communicative approach to teaching EFL with the emphasis on teaching of talk versus language teaching in the EFL classroom. \u0000It has been revealed that traditional approach to teaching EFL actually separates teaching of foreign language from teaching practical speech. As far as talkers learn to talk by being exposed to communication practices during talking exchanges, it would be more successful to teach a foreign language in the process of actual exchanges of talk that allows participants to coordinate their turn taking in communication with others. The individual must be treated as a talker or participant in a foreign community not as a learner in the classroom. EFL teaching should be based not on teaching language but on teaching of spontaneous talk. \u0000There has been investigated the basic difference between teaching language and teaching of talk. While the unit of language is the sentence, the unit of talk is the exchange. It has been proved that it is rational that teaching verbal fluency in English should not depend on pedagogical units such as ‘the sentence’, ‘the utterance’ or ‘the structural pattern’ but actual speech exchanges between the communicators. \u0000There has been demonstrated that transactional methods designate the orientation towards teaching talk through particular actual exchanges. The pedagogic effort of teaching talk involves exposing the student to social situations in which he is being treated as a talker or a social participant rather than a learner or a participant of a simulated conversation.","PeriodicalId":338851,"journal":{"name":"PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114961828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-438-444
Yu. V. Bobyk
This article deals with aphorisms as a stylistic dominant feature of the novel “Krunychar” by Myroslav Dochynets. The main objective of the article is to single out peculiarities of the literary thinking of the author. The writer combines thematic and semantic-stylistic types of philosophic aphorisms. The article uses main principles of comparative and descriptive methods. The article discovers that philosophic aphorisms can be clearly divided into several thematic groups.
{"title":"EXTENSIVE APHORISMS USAGE AS A STYLISTIC FEATURE OF THE NOVEL “KRYNYCHAR” (“DIIARIIUSH NAIBAHATSHOGO CHOLOVIKA MUKACHIVSKOII DOMINII”) BY MYROSLAV DOCHYNETS","authors":"Yu. V. Bobyk","doi":"10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-438-444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-438-444","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with aphorisms as a stylistic dominant feature of the novel “Krunychar” by Myroslav Dochynets. The main objective of the article is to single out peculiarities of the literary thinking of the author. The writer combines thematic and semantic-stylistic types of philosophic aphorisms. The article uses main principles of comparative and descriptive methods. \u0000The article discovers that philosophic aphorisms can be clearly divided into several thematic groups.","PeriodicalId":338851,"journal":{"name":"PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129762817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-445-452
Ye. O. Zakharuk, O. Tereshkun
One of the key trends in modern society is globalization. The necessary feature of globalization processes is technologization. It undoubtedly influences the formation and translation of values, but the question arises to what extent this effect is positive. The purpose of the research is to reveal the value aspect of the technologization in the context of globalization processes. Economic, political and social globalization has different peculiarities of the transformation of values, which requires an individual approach during a humanitarian and philosophical examination. It is proved that the analysis of value changes under the influence of technologization and globalization is necessary for the control and regulation of processes taking place in society. So, social globalization indirectly uses technology, the exchange of values that is now possible through technology, when the Internet serves as a platform for international interaction and communication, promotes a better understanding of other cultures, and thus fosters respect for them. It is substantiated that processes of social globalization are long-term and require strict control in order to exclude the probability of loss of certain basic values such as identity, cultural peculiarity. It is determined that technologization in the conditions of economic and political globalization is a catalyst for the creation of new values, or replacement of the old ones. The democratization of the world and civil society are the new values through the spread of technological advances, but they present a threat to the national state and fragmented society, which defines national identity. The consequences of the transformation of values in economic and political globalization are analyzed. The results are not unambiguous, since there is a risk of loss of the core values, so this process should be controlled by humanitarian and philosophical expertise, consultation and assessment of economic and political processes.
{"title":"TECHNOLOGIZATION OF THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES THE VALUES DIMENTION","authors":"Ye. O. Zakharuk, O. Tereshkun","doi":"10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-445-452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-445-452","url":null,"abstract":" One of the key trends in modern society is globalization. The necessary feature of globalization processes is technologization. It undoubtedly influences the formation and translation of values, but the question arises to what extent this effect is positive. The purpose of the research is to reveal the value aspect of the technologization in the context of globalization processes. Economic, political and social globalization has different peculiarities of the transformation of values, which requires an individual approach during a humanitarian and philosophical examination. It is proved that the analysis of value changes under the influence of technologization and globalization is necessary for the control and regulation of processes taking place in society. So, social globalization indirectly uses technology, the exchange of values that is now possible through technology, when the Internet serves as a platform for international interaction and communication, promotes a better understanding of other cultures, and thus fosters respect for them. It is substantiated that processes of social globalization are long-term and require strict control in order to exclude the probability of loss of certain basic values such as identity, cultural peculiarity. It is determined that technologization in the conditions of economic and political globalization is a catalyst for the creation of new values, or replacement of the old ones. The democratization of the world and civil society are the new values through the spread of technological advances, but they present a threat to the national state and fragmented society, which defines national identity. The consequences of the transformation of values in economic and political globalization are analyzed. The results are not unambiguous, since there is a risk of loss of the core values, so this process should be controlled by humanitarian and philosophical expertise, consultation and assessment of economic and political processes.","PeriodicalId":338851,"journal":{"name":"PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116177969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-63-72
M. Tkachivska
The article “Angst kennt kein Pardon” (camp discourse) deals with the camp literature, provides examples from the poetic and prose works, analyses the reproduction of the person’s internal state during the stay in the camp. The camp literature is a concept which belonged to the off-limits subjectsin the Soviet linguistic space. Since the 1980s and to this day, a considerable amount of archival data has been issued, they include evidence of the former prisoners of the concentration camps, as well as scientific studies on this subject in Europe. The aim of the article is the study of the German-language camp texts and analysis of the lexical units that denote the feeling of hunger, fear and homesickness in the novel of a famous German writer, a representative of the Romanian Germans Herta Müller “Atemschaukel” (“Breath-Swing”). The main objectives of the article include a review of the German-language camp literature, its brief description, study of the denotations “Hunger”, “Angst”, “Heimweh”, etc., which can be followed the camp texts. Acknowledged with the Nobel Prize Award in 2010, the novel “Atemschaukel” is written on the bases of real events and memories. It tells about a Romanian guy who finds himself in the camp in Donetsk steppes; depicts the camp life, way of life, struggle for survival, inhuman attitude toward prisoners. The analysis of the lexical corpus of the work piece fixes the dominance of the denotations “Hunger” (hunger), “Angst” (fear), “Flucht” (escape), “Heimweh” (homesickness), indicating the physical and psychological state of life in the camp. The instinct of self-preservation as an important factor of survival in the camp is closely related to the need of food, evidenced by the dominance of such lexemes as Brot (bread), Zucker (sugar), Salz (salt) and generalized concepts Essen / essen / fressen (food, eat, guzzle). The most common colour denotation is weiß (white), which competes with the denotations grau (grey), rot (red) and schwarz (black), which make up the contrasting palette of the reality and imagination of the camp residents. Despite the unbearable desire to escape that prevails in the camp, the novel does not focus on the word “Hölle” (hell), which belonged to the frequently used in many descriptionsof the concentration camps.
本文以集中营文学为研究对象，从诗歌和散文作品入手，分析了人在集中营期间内在状态的再现。集中营文学是苏联语言空间中属于禁区的一个概念。自1980年代至今，已发表了相当数量的档案资料，其中包括集中营前囚犯的证据，以及欧洲关于这一问题的科学研究。本文旨在研究德国著名作家、罗马尼亚德裔代表赫塔·米勒(Herta m ller)的小说《呼吸-摇摆》(Atemschaukel)中的德语营地文本，分析小说中表达饥饿、恐惧和乡愁的词汇单位。本文的主要目的是回顾德语集中营文学，对其进行简要描述，研究“饥饿”，“焦虑”，“海姆威”等外延，这些外延可以遵循营地文本。2010年获得诺贝尔文学奖的小说《Atemschaukel》是根据真实事件和记忆写成的。它讲述了一个罗马尼亚人发现自己在顿涅茨克草原的营地;描绘了集中营的生活、生活方式、生存斗争、对待囚犯的非人态度。通过对作品词汇语料库的分析，确定了“饥饿”(Hunger)、“焦虑”(anxiety)、“逃离”(Flucht)、“思乡”(Heimweh)等外因的主导地位，表明了集中营生活的生理和心理状态。作为营区生存的一个重要因素，自我保护的本能与食物的需求密切相关，如Brot(面包)、Zucker(糖)、Salz(盐)等词汇的主导地位以及Essen / Essen / fressen(食物、吃、暴饮)等广义概念证明了这一点。最常见的颜色是weiß(白色)，它与grau(灰色)、rot(红色)和schwarz(黑色)的颜色相竞争，它们构成了营地居民现实和想象的对比调色板。尽管集中营里普遍存在着难以忍受的逃离欲望，但小说并没有把重点放在“Hölle”(地狱)这个词上，这个词在许多集中营的描述中都是经常使用的。
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Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-118-124
Yu. A. Klipatska
The article reveals foreign borrowings as a result of language contacts in the focus of the problem of “language and culture”. The extralinguistic reasons are analyzed, which had served to intensify the borrowing process in modern Russian-speaking society and caused changes in the type of communication that dominates in social practice and is defined by communicative paradigm. Change in communicative paradigm had entailed changes in the communicative core of the Russian lexicon, which are comparable to the “moment of explosion” regarding the “gradual” processes in the language. The communicative core of the lexicon is understood as the totality of the most frequent and communicatively significant lexical and phraseological units, which are used in all communicative spheres, denotatively significant for the speaking collective and reflecting the actual reality. The question of significant role of English borrowings in the modern Russian literary language is raised. Such influence of the English language is explained by its status as a language of international communication and a language of communication in the leading economic states. This fact explains that in recent decades, Anglo-American ethnolinguistic culture has been playing the role of a linguocultural donor for other ethnolinguistic cultures-acceptors, in particular for Russian culture. The article presents different points of view of linguists who raise the question about the quantity and quality of borrowed words, peculiarities of their development, relevance in speech, their relationship with original and previously borrowed vocabulary, etc. Summing up, we can say that borrowing lexical units, in particular English, is now represented by the universal sign of civilization, which consists in creation and development of a single information space.
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Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-390-397
L. Serman
More than any other profession, the teaching of foreign languages requires professionals with a special set of qualities. The article deals with the problem of the professional image of a foreign language teacher in the context of globalization processes in the field of higher education. The conditions in which didactics of languages and cultures fit into modern phenomena of globalization and valorization of universality are characterized. The situation with the teaching of foreign languages in universities of both Ukraine and the world is studied. The role and professional image of a foreign language teacher are analyzed. For this purpose, research was carried out by questioning the students. The results of the survey became the object of statistical analysis (quantitative method) and analysis of open responses and arguments (qualitative method). An attempt to find out methodological tactics for improving the foreign languages teaching in a globalizing environment is made. In the conditions of globalization of all spheres of public life, modern realities of the system of higher education change faster than ever before. The problem of teaching foreign languages as well as the role and image of a foreign language teacher is not the most acute. The ever-changing context of globalization and valorisation of universality dictates new demands and challenges. Mobility of students in the world, easy access to authentic sources and communication with native speakers through the Internet, the availability of various programs for the independent study of foreign languages helps students to cease to perceive the teacher as the only guarantor of the rules and source of knowledge. This makes foreign language teachers look for new methods and approaches to motivate students on the one hand and, on the other hand, not to lose their positions in the field of teaching foreign languages and in the labor market. Today teachers of foreign languages should be not only experts in technologies, but first of all - experts in mental habits.
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Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-29-36
L. Bogachevska
The article is devoted to the comparative-typological analysis of the autobiographical works “David Copperfield” by Ch. Dickens and “Khudozhnyk” by Taras Shevchenko. Certainly we do not speak about direct influence of Charles Dickens’ work on Taras Shevchenko’s short story, but we can draw parallels and analogies found in the choice of subjects in both writers’ literary works that is why it can be an appropriate material for the typological comparison. Both works typologically demonstrate the presence of the concept of “a gifted personality” and linear biographical principle of composition though chronological framework of Ukrainian and English novels are different, their choice is dependent on the main idea. We can see that “Khudozhnyk” by Taras Shevchenko and “David Copperfield” by Charles Dickens through the prism of personal painful experience of the autobiographic character reveal the most actual political issues of contemporary Ukraine and England. Shevchenkos’ literary heritage has undergone the indirect influence by the works of Charles Dickens, but no doubt of the fact of existence of some typological similarities in the compared literary works caused by common socio-political, artistic and aesthetic factors of the global art prospective.
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