Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351970
Yuta Touyama, T. Hoshino, K. Iwabuchi, K. Morishima
Bio-actuators using living cells or tissue cannot work outside culture dish filled with culture medium. Therefore, the limitation of bio-actuator's operating environment is difficult problem compared to conventional micro actuator. To solve this problem, we focused on packaging of insect dorsal vessel and its culture medium by exoskeletal structure. By packaging of insect dorsal vessel and its culture medium, the bio-actuator using insect dorsal vessel would work outside culture dish filled with culture medium. We fabricated exoskeletal structure that has micro through-holes. The TC−100 culture medium was filled inside exoskeletal structure, without its leakage due to surface tension. We fabricated micro-manipulator using contracting force of insect dorsal vessel. The open-end displacement by contracting force of insect dorsal vessel was approximately 60 μm. After the assembly of insect dorsal vessel into exoskeletal structure filled with culture medium inside, the contracting of insect dorsal vessel was confirmed.
{"title":"Micro-encapsulation of bio-actuator using insect dorsal vessel","authors":"Yuta Touyama, T. Hoshino, K. Iwabuchi, K. Morishima","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5351970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5351970","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-actuators using living cells or tissue cannot work outside culture dish filled with culture medium. Therefore, the limitation of bio-actuator's operating environment is difficult problem compared to conventional micro actuator. To solve this problem, we focused on packaging of insect dorsal vessel and its culture medium by exoskeletal structure. By packaging of insect dorsal vessel and its culture medium, the bio-actuator using insect dorsal vessel would work outside culture dish filled with culture medium. We fabricated exoskeletal structure that has micro through-holes. The TC−100 culture medium was filled inside exoskeletal structure, without its leakage due to surface tension. We fabricated micro-manipulator using contracting force of insect dorsal vessel. The open-end displacement by contracting force of insect dorsal vessel was approximately 60 μm. After the assembly of insect dorsal vessel into exoskeletal structure filled with culture medium inside, the contracting of insect dorsal vessel was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124519659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351825
Y. Ohya, K. Nagahama, Y. Imai, Teppei Nakayama, T. Ouchi
Thermo-gelling biodegradable polymers with a sol-gel transition point (Tgel) between room temperature and body temperature are expected to be useful for injectable polymer systems in biomedical applications such as drug delivery depot and scaffold for tissue engineering. In this study, a series of biodegradable graft-copolymers composed of PEG side-chains and a poly(depsipeptide-co-DL-lactide) backbone (PDG-dl-LA-g-PEG) were prepared as a novel thermo-gelling system. An aqueous solution of the copolymer showed instantaneous temperature-sensitive gelation at 33 ºC. The Tgel could be controlled from 33 to 51 ºC by varying the PEG length and compositions without a decrease in mechanical strength of the hydrogels. This research provides a molecular design approach to creating biodegradable thermo-gelling polymers with controllable Tgel and mechanical toughness.
{"title":"Thermo-sensitive sol-gel transition and mechanical properties of poly(Depsipeptide-co-lactide)-g-PEG copolymers","authors":"Y. Ohya, K. Nagahama, Y. Imai, Teppei Nakayama, T. Ouchi","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5351825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5351825","url":null,"abstract":"Thermo-gelling biodegradable polymers with a sol-gel transition point (Tgel) between room temperature and body temperature are expected to be useful for injectable polymer systems in biomedical applications such as drug delivery depot and scaffold for tissue engineering. In this study, a series of biodegradable graft-copolymers composed of PEG side-chains and a poly(depsipeptide-co-DL-lactide) backbone (PDG-dl-LA-g-PEG) were prepared as a novel thermo-gelling system. An aqueous solution of the copolymer showed instantaneous temperature-sensitive gelation at 33 ºC. The Tgel could be controlled from 33 to 51 ºC by varying the PEG length and compositions without a decrease in mechanical strength of the hydrogels. This research provides a molecular design approach to creating biodegradable thermo-gelling polymers with controllable Tgel and mechanical toughness.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122125454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351808
K. Narumi, T. Fukuda, F. Arai
A compact load sensor we developed uses an AT-cut quartz crystal resonator whose resonance frequency changes under external load, and features high sensitivity, high-speed response, and a wide measurement range. Also it has the superior feature in the temperature and frequency stability. In the past, the quartz crystal resonator had been hardly applied to the load measurement because of low degree of mechanical characteristic, that is, it is weak to stress concentration by bending. We have developed and characterized a sensor mechanism that safely maintains the quartz crystal resonator. The sensor had enormously wide range of 104 N. The objective of this study is to miniaturize the sensor and to improve the resolution of load measurement. We designed a novel retention mechanism of the quartz crystal resonator which had frictionless structure. We calculated and analyzed about the new retention mechanism, and determined parameters. The size of the retention mechanism was 7.0 mm wide, 4.0 mm deep and 1.9 mm high, which was 40.3% of the conventional one (volume ratio).
{"title":"Miniaturization of a wide range load sensor using AT-cut quartz crystal resonator","authors":"K. Narumi, T. Fukuda, F. Arai","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5351808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5351808","url":null,"abstract":"A compact load sensor we developed uses an AT-cut quartz crystal resonator whose resonance frequency changes under external load, and features high sensitivity, high-speed response, and a wide measurement range. Also it has the superior feature in the temperature and frequency stability. In the past, the quartz crystal resonator had been hardly applied to the load measurement because of low degree of mechanical characteristic, that is, it is weak to stress concentration by bending. We have developed and characterized a sensor mechanism that safely maintains the quartz crystal resonator. The sensor had enormously wide range of 104 N. The objective of this study is to miniaturize the sensor and to improve the resolution of load measurement. We designed a novel retention mechanism of the quartz crystal resonator which had frictionless structure. We calculated and analyzed about the new retention mechanism, and determined parameters. The size of the retention mechanism was 7.0 mm wide, 4.0 mm deep and 1.9 mm high, which was 40.3% of the conventional one (volume ratio).","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117049646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351865
M. Mizoguchi, K. Obata, Y. Kato, K. Ogata
A brittle fracture, which is a kind of metal fractures, accompanies little or no plastic deformations of the metal, The origin of the fracture is one of the most important clues to identify the cause of it, and can be located by observing the surface. Here, fractography is an area of study to analyze fracture mechanisms and/or causes by using electron microscope images. The method to locate the origins has been established through it. However, they have been done mainly by visual observations. At MHS2007, we proposed a method to improve its measurement accuracy to micron order by introducing computer vision techniques on Scanning Electron Microscope, or SEM, digital images [1]. However, some parameters were manually determined and required to be automated. This is a continued research of it. We propose, in this paper, a new method to determine proper parameters for image segmentation using Genetic Algorithms (GAs.) Through experiments, we proved the scheme worked properly, and suboptimal parameters were determined so that the greatest number of cleavage steps was obtained. It is expected that these proposed methods will enable non-experts to analyze metal fractures accurately in micron scale.
{"title":"Genetic algorithm based parameters adjustments for micron-order image analysis of metal fracture","authors":"M. Mizoguchi, K. Obata, Y. Kato, K. Ogata","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5351865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5351865","url":null,"abstract":"A brittle fracture, which is a kind of metal fractures, accompanies little or no plastic deformations of the metal, The origin of the fracture is one of the most important clues to identify the cause of it, and can be located by observing the surface. Here, fractography is an area of study to analyze fracture mechanisms and/or causes by using electron microscope images. The method to locate the origins has been established through it. However, they have been done mainly by visual observations. At MHS2007, we proposed a method to improve its measurement accuracy to micron order by introducing computer vision techniques on Scanning Electron Microscope, or SEM, digital images [1]. However, some parameters were manually determined and required to be automated. This is a continued research of it. We propose, in this paper, a new method to determine proper parameters for image segmentation using Genetic Algorithms (GAs.) Through experiments, we proved the scheme worked properly, and suboptimal parameters were determined so that the greatest number of cleavage steps was obtained. It is expected that these proposed methods will enable non-experts to analyze metal fractures accurately in micron scale.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122440837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351830
K. Nogawa, M. Kojima, M. Nakajima, M. Homma, T. Fukuda
Nano/micro robots have been actively studied toward the realization. Now, the micro living organisms are used as the driving forces for the micro objects. To achieve the fine control of bio driven micro objects, it is needed to establish the control method. Therefore, the local environmental control technique is desired to manipulate a single cell or to analyze the properties. We have constructed the local environmental control system with nano/micro dual pipettes, and achieved the quick-response and iterative rotational speed control of Na+-driven flagellar motor, which is a rotary molecular machine, by switching the local spout between Na+-containing and Na+-free solutions. In this paper, we upgrade our local environmental control system with nano/micro dual pipettes to achieve the quantitative and long-time-stable control of the rotational speed of the Na+-driven flagellar motor. We demonstrate fine and long-time-stable rotational speed control of Na+-driven flagellar motor by simultaneous local spouts of Na+-containing and Na+-free solutions with changing the spouting velocities independently.
{"title":"Rotational speed control of Na+-driven flagellar motor by local ion concentration changes with multiple nano/micro pipettes","authors":"K. Nogawa, M. Kojima, M. Nakajima, M. Homma, T. Fukuda","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5351830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5351830","url":null,"abstract":"Nano/micro robots have been actively studied toward the realization. Now, the micro living organisms are used as the driving forces for the micro objects. To achieve the fine control of bio driven micro objects, it is needed to establish the control method. Therefore, the local environmental control technique is desired to manipulate a single cell or to analyze the properties. We have constructed the local environmental control system with nano/micro dual pipettes, and achieved the quick-response and iterative rotational speed control of Na<sup>+</sup>-driven flagellar motor, which is a rotary molecular machine, by switching the local spout between Na<sup>+</sup>-containing and Na<sup>+</sup>-free solutions. In this paper, we upgrade our local environmental control system with nano/micro dual pipettes to achieve the quantitative and long-time-stable control of the rotational speed of the Na<sup>+</sup>-driven flagellar motor. We demonstrate fine and long-time-stable rotational speed control of Na<sup>+</sup>-driven flagellar motor by simultaneous local spouts of Na<sup>+</sup>-containing and Na<sup>+</sup>-free solutions with changing the spouting velocities independently.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126684144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352036
H. Nagano, S. Fukada, H. Takagi, T. Ogasawara, Y. Endo, K. Takai
We are making efforts to construct a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system with the components from wheat. We report here on our progress in purification of some factors expected to be needed for reconstitution of efficient translation initiation. eIF1A and eIF5 were overexpressed in E. coli and purified essentially according to the literature. Some hydrophobic chromatography media were tested if they can be used for purification of the wheat ribosomes. We also fractionated a wheat embryo extract and analyzed which fractions contain an RNA binding protein that bind to a translational enhancer sequence.
{"title":"Purification of wheat factors involving in translation initiation for reconstitution of protein synthesis","authors":"H. Nagano, S. Fukada, H. Takagi, T. Ogasawara, Y. Endo, K. Takai","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5352036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5352036","url":null,"abstract":"We are making efforts to construct a reconstituted cell-free protein synthesis system with the components from wheat. We report here on our progress in purification of some factors expected to be needed for reconstitution of efficient translation initiation. eIF1A and eIF5 were overexpressed in E. coli and purified essentially according to the literature. Some hydrophobic chromatography media were tested if they can be used for purification of the wheat ribosomes. We also fractionated a wheat embryo extract and analyzed which fractions contain an RNA binding protein that bind to a translational enhancer sequence.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121799869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352000
T. Yasukawa, H. J. Lee, J. Ramón‐Azcón, Yusuke Yoshida, H. Shiku, T. Matsue, F. Mizutani
In the work, microfluidic device consisting of an interdigitated microarray (IDA) electrode was developed for a rapid, and separation-free immuno-sensors based on a manipulation technique of microparticles by dielectrophoresis (DEP). A poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate with microfluidic channel was placed on the IDA plate to allow to fabricating the device. On applying AC voltage to the IDA in a negative DEP (n-DEP) frequency region, goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin (anti-mouse IgG)-immobilized microparticles moved to the surface of PDMS substrate placed above the IDA by n-DEP force to accumulate at the designated areas of the PDMS surface, where anti-mouse IgG was precoated. When the fluorescence microparticles bearing anti-mouse IgG were suspended in an analyte (mouse IgG) solution, the microparticles trapped the analyte to form microparticle-conjugates. The conjugates were accumulated and captured at the designated areas of the PDMS surface via antibody-antigen-antibody (sandwich) reaction. The captured microparticles were detected selectively by fluorescence measurements at the focused, designated areas regardless of the presence of uncaptured microparticles in the suspended solution. Thus, the separation and washing-out steps, usually required for conventional immunoassay, are eliminated in the presented procedure. Since the formation of the sandwich structures was accelerated significantly by n-DEP, as short as 30 sec was enough to detect the immunoreaction at the surface. The fluorescence intensity of the captured microparticles at the designated area increased with the analyte in the range, 0.01 ~ 10 ng/mL. The present procedure realizes a rapid, sensitive and separation-free immunoassay in a simple device.
{"title":"Rapid immunosensing based on accumulation of microparticles by negative dielectrophoresis","authors":"T. Yasukawa, H. J. Lee, J. Ramón‐Azcón, Yusuke Yoshida, H. Shiku, T. Matsue, F. Mizutani","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5352000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5352000","url":null,"abstract":"In the work, microfluidic device consisting of an interdigitated microarray (IDA) electrode was developed for a rapid, and separation-free immuno-sensors based on a manipulation technique of microparticles by dielectrophoresis (DEP). A poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate with microfluidic channel was placed on the IDA plate to allow to fabricating the device. On applying AC voltage to the IDA in a negative DEP (n-DEP) frequency region, goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin (anti-mouse IgG)-immobilized microparticles moved to the surface of PDMS substrate placed above the IDA by n-DEP force to accumulate at the designated areas of the PDMS surface, where anti-mouse IgG was precoated. When the fluorescence microparticles bearing anti-mouse IgG were suspended in an analyte (mouse IgG) solution, the microparticles trapped the analyte to form microparticle-conjugates. The conjugates were accumulated and captured at the designated areas of the PDMS surface via antibody-antigen-antibody (sandwich) reaction. The captured microparticles were detected selectively by fluorescence measurements at the focused, designated areas regardless of the presence of uncaptured microparticles in the suspended solution. Thus, the separation and washing-out steps, usually required for conventional immunoassay, are eliminated in the presented procedure. Since the formation of the sandwich structures was accelerated significantly by n-DEP, as short as 30 sec was enough to detect the immunoreaction at the surface. The fluorescence intensity of the captured microparticles at the designated area increased with the analyte in the range, 0.01 ~ 10 ng/mL. The present procedure realizes a rapid, sensitive and separation-free immunoassay in a simple device.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134074719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352017
M. Moteleb, Š. Kozák
This paper is presented to investigate the validity of designing a discreet controller of feed- forward and feedback structure which may be used to improve the dynamic performance of either linear or nonlinear systems. By transforming the continuous plant as well as transforming the associated controller to the discreet domain with including all parameters changes and their influence for closed loop stability as well as the desired robust control synthesis, we can construct the required controller to ensure the overall stability of strong oscillating dynamic model. This algorithm was verified by using different numerical models. The results obtained are compared with those given in the speed control of switched reluctance motor based on the hybrid fuzzy variable structure control FSMC with the concept of Lyap nov second method. Practically we can conclude that the FVSC technique may be recommended to overcome some of the drawbacks associated with the application of the discreet controller structure algorithm.
本文研究了设计一种前馈反馈结构离散控制器的有效性，该控制器可用于改善线性或非线性系统的动态性能。通过对连续对象进行变换，并将关联控制器变换到离散域，将所有参数变化及其对闭环稳定性的影响以及所需的鲁棒控制综合考虑在内，构造出保证强振荡动态模型整体稳定性所需的控制器。采用不同的数值模型对该算法进行了验证。将所得结果与基于Lyap - nov - second方法的混合模糊变结构控制FSMC开关磁阻电机速度控制的结果进行了比较。实际上，我们可以得出结论，FVSC技术可以克服与离散控制器结构算法应用相关的一些缺点。
{"title":"Discreet controller structure for robust oscillating nonlinear stable system","authors":"M. Moteleb, Š. Kozák","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5352017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5352017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is presented to investigate the validity of designing a discreet controller of feed- forward and feedback structure which may be used to improve the dynamic performance of either linear or nonlinear systems. By transforming the continuous plant as well as transforming the associated controller to the discreet domain with including all parameters changes and their influence for closed loop stability as well as the desired robust control synthesis, we can construct the required controller to ensure the overall stability of strong oscillating dynamic model. This algorithm was verified by using different numerical models. The results obtained are compared with those given in the speed control of switched reluctance motor based on the hybrid fuzzy variable structure control FSMC with the concept of Lyap nov second method. Practically we can conclude that the FVSC technique may be recommended to overcome some of the drawbacks associated with the application of the discreet controller structure algorithm.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129329638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352048
S. Nomura, Li Liu, Yong Chen, H. Maruyama, F. Arai
In this report, we will present a novel liposome handling method on microfluidic channel. For the quantitative analysis of individual giant liposomes, a microfluidic device with multi-pillar was designed. Liposomes suspension from neutral phospholipids prepared by natural swelling method was introduced into the separation device. As a result, giant liposomes are safely trapped in the microscope viewfield along with the internal pillar within a weak flow. In the condition, small solutes (excess dye molecules, small liposomes) are washed away through the pillars. This system should be useful for time-course analysis of individual cell-sized liposomes.
{"title":"Giant liposome sorting/collection device: For individual analysis of artificial cell-models","authors":"S. Nomura, Li Liu, Yong Chen, H. Maruyama, F. Arai","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5352048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5352048","url":null,"abstract":"In this report, we will present a novel liposome handling method on microfluidic channel. For the quantitative analysis of individual giant liposomes, a microfluidic device with multi-pillar was designed. Liposomes suspension from neutral phospholipids prepared by natural swelling method was introduced into the separation device. As a result, giant liposomes are safely trapped in the microscope viewfield along with the internal pillar within a weak flow. In the condition, small solutes (excess dye molecules, small liposomes) are washed away through the pillars. This system should be useful for time-course analysis of individual cell-sized liposomes.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131056769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351972
T. Bui, D. Dao, K. Nakamura, T. Toriyama, S. Sugiyama
This paper reports the design, fabrication and evaluation of piezoresistive effect of the top-down fabricated p-type <110> Si Nanowires (SiNWs). The SiNWs with the length of 2µm, thickness of 35nm and width ranges from 35nm to 490nm have been fabricated by electron beam (EB) direct writing and reactive ion etching (RIE). The impurity concentration of the SiNWs is 2×1018 cm−3, obtained by ion implantation. The SiNWs are protected by a thermally grown SiO2 to avoid the environment influence and to deactivate the outer layer, which was attacked during RIE process. Dependence of piezoresistive effects on the width of the SiNWs of both longitudinal and transverse SiNWs has been characterized. The significant increasing had been found in longitudinal piezoresistive coefficient πl[110]. The results showed that when the width of the SiNWs reduces to nanometer size, the smaller the width, the bigger the piezoresistive coefficient. The coefficient πl[110] along <110> crystallographic orientation increased up to 60% when the width of SiNWs down from 490nm to 35nm. Furthermore, rather small influence of temperature to piezoresistive coefficient has been characterized. Piezoresistive effect slightly decreases when the temperature increases. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the SiNWs has been measured to be from 450 to 850ppm/°C, i.e. about 8 times smaller than that of bulk silicon at same doping concentration. These excellent characteristics are important for high sensitive and low-temperature-affected mechanical sensors.
{"title":"Characterization of the piezoresistive effect and temperature coefficient of resistance in single crystalline silicon nanowires","authors":"T. Bui, D. Dao, K. Nakamura, T. Toriyama, S. Sugiyama","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2009.5351972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2009.5351972","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the design, fabrication and evaluation of piezoresistive effect of the top-down fabricated p-type <110> Si Nanowires (SiNWs). The SiNWs with the length of 2µm, thickness of 35nm and width ranges from 35nm to 490nm have been fabricated by electron beam (EB) direct writing and reactive ion etching (RIE). The impurity concentration of the SiNWs is 2×1018 cm−3, obtained by ion implantation. The SiNWs are protected by a thermally grown SiO2 to avoid the environment influence and to deactivate the outer layer, which was attacked during RIE process. Dependence of piezoresistive effects on the width of the SiNWs of both longitudinal and transverse SiNWs has been characterized. The significant increasing had been found in longitudinal piezoresistive coefficient πl[110]. The results showed that when the width of the SiNWs reduces to nanometer size, the smaller the width, the bigger the piezoresistive coefficient. The coefficient πl[110] along <110> crystallographic orientation increased up to 60% when the width of SiNWs down from 490nm to 35nm. Furthermore, rather small influence of temperature to piezoresistive coefficient has been characterized. Piezoresistive effect slightly decreases when the temperature increases. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the SiNWs has been measured to be from 450 to 850ppm/°C, i.e. about 8 times smaller than that of bulk silicon at same doping concentration. These excellent characteristics are important for high sensitive and low-temperature-affected mechanical sensors.","PeriodicalId":344667,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132042446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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