Pub Date : 2016-03-24DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00452P03
Yunfan Lai
Mainly basing on first hand data, this paper deals with the causative constructions in the Khroskyabs language (Rgyalrongic, Sino-Tibetan), focusing on the Wobzi dialect. Causative prefixes, anti-causative, analytic causative and labile verbs are described. In addition, comparative analyses within Rgyalrongic as well as the Sino-Tibetan family are made. Resume En se basant principalement sur des donnees de premiere main, cet article traite des constructions causatives en khroskyabs (langue rgyalronguique, sino-tibetain), en se concentrant sur le dialecte wobzi. Les prefixes causatifs, l'anti-causatif, le causatif an-alytique et les verbes labiles sont decrits. Des analyses comparatives au sein du rgyal-ronguique et du sino-tibetain sont egalement effectuees.
{"title":"Causativisation in Wobzi and other Khroskyabs dialects","authors":"Yunfan Lai","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00452P03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00452P03","url":null,"abstract":"Mainly basing on first hand data, this paper deals with the causative constructions in the Khroskyabs language (Rgyalrongic, Sino-Tibetan), focusing on the Wobzi dialect. Causative prefixes, anti-causative, analytic causative and labile verbs are described. In addition, comparative analyses within Rgyalrongic as well as the Sino-Tibetan family are made. Resume En se basant principalement sur des donnees de premiere main, cet article traite des constructions causatives en khroskyabs (langue rgyalronguique, sino-tibetain), en se concentrant sur le dialecte wobzi. Les prefixes causatifs, l'anti-causatif, le causatif an-alytique et les verbes labiles sont decrits. Des analyses comparatives au sein du rgyal-ronguique et du sino-tibetain sont egalement effectuees.","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"45 1","pages":"148-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00452P03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64471013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-24DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00452P02
Xun Gong
{"title":"Prenasalized reflex of Old Tibetan and related clusters in Central Tibetan","authors":"Xun Gong","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00452P02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00452P02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"45 1","pages":"127-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00452P02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64471003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-08DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00442P02
Scott DeLancey
The verb agreement systems of Jinghpaw, Meyor, Northern Naga, and Northeast, Northwest and Southern Kuki-Chin contain material which is demonstrably inherited from Proto-Trans-Himalayan. Here we discuss morphological evidence that these systems share a common ancestor more recent than PTH. There is strong evidence connecting Jinghpaw with both Northern Naga and Kuki-Chin, and weaker evidence directly linking Northern Naga and Kuki-Chin, and both of these with Meyor. This is evidence that all of these languages belong to a single branch of the family, an idea which has been suggested in the past but never argued for. Les systemes d’accord verbaux des langues jinghpaw, meyor, naga du nord, et kuki-chin incluent des formes dont on peut demontrer l’origine proto-trans-himalayenne. Cet article presente des preuves morphologiques qui demontrent que ces systemes descendent d’un paradigme ancestral plus recent que le proto-trans-himalayen. Les caracteristiques morphologiques communes entre jinghpaw et naga du nord sont tres claires, et l’on trouve egalement des liens rapprochant le naga du nord avec le kuki-chin, et ces deux groupes avec le meyor. On propose que toutes ces langues appartiennent a une branche unique de la famille trans-himalayenne, une idee qui a ete suggeree dans des publications anterieures mais jamais developpee de facon argumentee.
京爪语、迈约语、北那迦语、东北语、西北语和南库基琴语的动词一致系统含有明显继承自原跨喜马拉雅语的材料。在这里，我们讨论形态学证据，这些系统共享一个共同的祖先比PTH更近。京埔与北那迦和苦其琴都有密切的联系，而与北那迦和苦其琴都有直接联系的证据则较弱。这证明所有这些语言都属于这个家族的一个分支，这一观点在过去曾被提出，但从未被争论过。这些系统中包括了一些没有被证明是喜马拉雅山原始源的物种，比如京波、迈约、那加、诺德和库奇琴。本文介绍了两种不同的原始形态，它们分别是典型祖先的后代和最近的原始-跨喜马拉雅的后代。Les cartiques morphologiques communes entre jinghpaw et naga du nord sontres claires, et l 'on trouve egalement des liens rapproant le naga du nord和le kuki-chin, et es two groups aveclemeyor。在建议的问题上，语言的分配是一个独特的跨喜马拉雅家族的分支，一个想法是一个完整的建议，而不是一个出版物，主要是牙买加的发展问题。
{"title":"Morphological Evidence for a Central Branch of Trans-Himalayan (Sino-Tibetan)","authors":"Scott DeLancey","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00442P02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00442P02","url":null,"abstract":"The verb agreement systems of Jinghpaw, Meyor, Northern Naga, and Northeast, Northwest and Southern Kuki-Chin contain material which is demonstrably inherited from Proto-Trans-Himalayan. Here we discuss morphological evidence that these systems share a common ancestor more recent than PTH. There is strong evidence connecting Jinghpaw with both Northern Naga and Kuki-Chin, and weaker evidence directly linking Northern Naga and Kuki-Chin, and both of these with Meyor. This is evidence that all of these languages belong to a single branch of the family, an idea which has been suggested in the past but never argued for. Les systemes d’accord verbaux des langues jinghpaw, meyor, naga du nord, et kuki-chin incluent des formes dont on peut demontrer l’origine proto-trans-himalayenne. Cet article presente des preuves morphologiques qui demontrent que ces systemes descendent d’un paradigme ancestral plus recent que le proto-trans-himalayen. Les caracteristiques morphologiques communes entre jinghpaw et naga du nord sont tres claires, et l’on trouve egalement des liens rapprochant le naga du nord avec le kuki-chin, et ces deux groupes avec le meyor. On propose que toutes ces langues appartiennent a une branche unique de la famille trans-himalayenne, une idee qui a ete suggeree dans des publications anterieures mais jamais developpee de facon argumentee.","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"44 1","pages":"122-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00442P02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64470442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-08DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00442P01
Katia Chirkova
This paper presents a preliminary phonological sketch of Duoxu, a critically endangered and virtually undescribed Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China. The sketch is based on lexico-phonetic data recorded from one speaker in 2013. It places special emphasis on the tonal system of Duoxu, with four lexical tones on monosyllabic words and 16 tonal patterns on disyllabic domains. The recently collected language data are compared to those in an earlier description of Duoxu by Huang and Yǐn (2012), which is based on data collected in 1990, with the aim of determining what changes occurred in the quarter of a century that separates the collection of data for the two sketches. All illustrative examples in the paper are accompanied by audio files to encourage further research and analysis of Duoxu, and to contribute to its preservation.
{"title":"A Phonological Sketch of Duoxu","authors":"Katia Chirkova","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00442P01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00442P01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a preliminary phonological sketch of Duoxu, a critically endangered and virtually undescribed Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China. The sketch is based on lexico-phonetic data recorded from one speaker in 2013. It places special emphasis on the tonal system of Duoxu, with four lexical tones on monosyllabic words and 16 tonal patterns on disyllabic domains. The recently collected language data are compared to those in an earlier description of Duoxu by Huang and Yǐn (2012), which is based on data collected in 1990, with the aim of determining what changes occurred in the quarter of a century that separates the collection of data for the two sketches. All illustrative examples in the paper are accompanied by audio files to encourage further research and analysis of Duoxu, and to contribute to its preservation.","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"44 1","pages":"97-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00442P01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64470393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-08DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00442P03
Julien N. Lefort
The Dongxiang language, spoken in Southern Gansu province in the People’s Republic of China, is a Mongolic language that has been in contact with Linxianese, a neighboring Chinese dialect. These contacts have induced massive phonological and lexical changes in the Dongxiang language, but only a few syntactic changes due to the influence of Linxianese can be traced. In this paper, I describe and analyze two particular cases of the grammatical function expansion of two suffixes, -ni and -ji, used with adjectives in Dongxiang. From those examples, I try to show that there is a difference between two phenomena present in the Dongxiang language, one being closer to a calque and the other closer to grammaticalization, and eventually metatypy. I also describe a hypothetical borrowing process reflecting the grammatical integration of these two suffixes. La langue dongxiang, parlee dans le sud du Gansu en Republique Populaire de Chine, est une langue mongolique qui a ete en contact avec le dialecte chinois voisin de Linxia. Celui-ci a influence la langue dongxiang sur le plan phonologique et lexical de facon importante alors que la syntaxe ne semble pas avoir ete autant influencee. Dans cet article, je decris et analyse deux suffixes, -ni et -ji, utilises avec des adjectifs, dont les fonctions se sont etendues sous l’influence du linxianais. A partir de ces exemples, j’essaye de montrer qu’il existe deux phenomenes distincts, l’un se rapprochant du calque et l’autre de la grammaticalisation, et eventuellement de la metatypie. Je tente egalement de decrire le processus d’emprunt possible qui reflete l’integration grammaticale des deux suffixes dans la langue dongxiang.
{"title":"Calquing, Structural Borrowing and Metatypy in the Dongxiang Language","authors":"Julien N. Lefort","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00442P03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00442P03","url":null,"abstract":"The Dongxiang language, spoken in Southern Gansu province in the People’s Republic of China, is a Mongolic language that has been in contact with Linxianese, a neighboring Chinese dialect. These contacts have induced massive phonological and lexical changes in the Dongxiang language, but only a few syntactic changes due to the influence of Linxianese can be traced. In this paper, I describe and analyze two particular cases of the grammatical function expansion of two suffixes, -ni and -ji, used with adjectives in Dongxiang. From those examples, I try to show that there is a difference between two phenomena present in the Dongxiang language, one being closer to a calque and the other closer to grammaticalization, and eventually metatypy. I also describe a hypothetical borrowing process reflecting the grammatical integration of these two suffixes. La langue dongxiang, parlee dans le sud du Gansu en Republique Populaire de Chine, est une langue mongolique qui a ete en contact avec le dialecte chinois voisin de Linxia. Celui-ci a influence la langue dongxiang sur le plan phonologique et lexical de facon importante alors que la syntaxe ne semble pas avoir ete autant influencee. Dans cet article, je decris et analyse deux suffixes, -ni et -ji, utilises avec des adjectifs, dont les fonctions se sont etendues sous l’influence du linxianais. A partir de ces exemples, j’essaye de montrer qu’il existe deux phenomenes distincts, l’un se rapprochant du calque et l’autre de la grammaticalisation, et eventuellement de la metatypie. Je tente egalement de decrire le processus d’emprunt possible qui reflete l’integration grammaticale des deux suffixes dans la langue dongxiang.","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"44 1","pages":"150-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00442P03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64470526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-12DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00441P03
Pornsiri Singhapreecha, R. Sybesma
This study investigates the non-adjacent co-occurrence of a nominal (N) and a combination of a numeral and a classifier (Nume-Cl) associated with N in Thai. Having established that Nume-Cl does not occupy an argument or adjunct position, the study proposes an ellipsis analysis, where the Nume-Cl is base-generated in a separate clause and moves to a focus position, after which the rest of the clause is elided. This analysis accounts for most properties associated with this sentence-type, especially the island facts, an important reason for earlier work to analyze the relation between N and Nume-Cl as one of movement.
{"title":"An Ellipsis Analysis of Split Nominals in Thai","authors":"Pornsiri Singhapreecha, R. Sybesma","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00441P03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00441P03","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the non-adjacent co-occurrence of a nominal (N) and a combination of a numeral and a classifier (Nume-Cl) associated with N in Thai. Having established that Nume-Cl does not occupy an argument or adjunct position, the study proposes an ellipsis analysis, where the Nume-Cl is base-generated in a separate clause and moves to a focus position, after which the rest of the clause is elided. This analysis accounts for most properties associated with this sentence-type, especially the island facts, an important reason for earlier work to analyze the relation between N and Nume-Cl as one of movement.","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"44 1","pages":"57-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00441P03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64470321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-12DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00441p02
R'emi Anicotte
A generic pattern of expression for fractions accounts for numerators and denominators, thus generally producing bidimensional numerical expressions. In Qin–Han mathematical texts, fractions were constructed as predicative phrases: the monodimensional expression ‘denominator’s name + fēn’ of a unit fraction 1/n acted as subject, and the numerator’s name acted as predicate. The morpheme zhī could be used as an optional marker of this predicative relation. Later evolutions were not linear, and reveal the effects of language planning and of free linguistic invention, finally giving rise to the inseparable fraction names of Contemporary Chinese. Un schema generique pour dire les fractions rend compte des numerateurs et denominateurs produisant des expressions numeriques bidimensionnelles. Dans les textes mathematiques Qin–Han, elles etaient construites comme des enonces predicatifs ou la designation monodimensionnelle « nom du denominateur + fēn » d’une fraction unitaire 1/n servait de sujet et le numerateur de predicat. Le morpheme zhī etait utilise facultativement comme marqueur de cette relation predicative. Les evolutions de ces expressions n’ont pas ete lineaires et revelent l’action d’inventions et de normalisations linguistiques pour aboutir aux appellations insecables des fractions en chinois contemporain.
{"title":"Bidimensional expressions of fractions in Chinese","authors":"R'emi Anicotte","doi":"10.1163/19606028-00441p02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19606028-00441p02","url":null,"abstract":"A generic pattern of expression for fractions accounts for numerators and denominators, thus generally producing bidimensional numerical expressions. In Qin–Han mathematical texts, fractions were constructed as predicative phrases: the monodimensional expression ‘denominator’s name + fēn’ of a unit fraction 1/n acted as subject, and the numerator’s name acted as predicate. The morpheme zhī could be used as an optional marker of this predicative relation. Later evolutions were not linear, and reveal the effects of language planning and of free linguistic invention, finally giving rise to the inseparable fraction names of Contemporary Chinese. Un schema generique pour dire les fractions rend compte des numerateurs et denominateurs produisant des expressions numeriques bidimensionnelles. Dans les textes mathematiques Qin–Han, elles etaient construites comme des enonces predicatifs ou la designation monodimensionnelle « nom du denominateur + fēn » d’une fraction unitaire 1/n servait de sujet et le numerateur de predicat. Le morpheme zhī etait utilise facultativement comme marqueur de cette relation predicative. Les evolutions de ces expressions n’ont pas ete lineaires et revelent l’action d’inventions et de normalisations linguistiques pour aboutir aux appellations insecables des fractions en chinois contemporain.","PeriodicalId":35117,"journal":{"name":"Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale","volume":"44 1","pages":"36-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/19606028-00441p02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64470311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-12DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00441P01
Alexis Michaud, He Likun 和丽昆
This article sets out a phonemic and tonal analysis of the second author’s native language: the (heretofore undescribed) Naxi dialect spoken in the village of Pianding (Dadong County, Lijiang Municipality, Yunnan). A distributional inventory brings out two pairs of phonemes that are of special interest to Naxi dialectology: (i) two apicalized vowels, /ɿ/and /ɿ/, and (ii) two rhotic vowels, /ɚ/ and /ɯ˞/, instead of only one apicalized vowel and one rhotic vowel in Old Town Naxi, the best-described dialect to date. These observations confirm and complement reports from other dialects; information on the lexical distribution of these conservative oppositions enriches the empirical basis for comparative–historical studies within the Naish subgroup of Sino–Tibetan. In the course of the discussion, observations about the Pianding dialect are placed in cross-dialect perspective; this article can thus serve as an introduction to key aspects of Naxi phonemics. Cet article presente une analyse des phonemes et des tons de la langue maternelle du second auteur: le dialecte naxi (non decrit jusqu’ici) du village de Pianding (comte de Dadong, municipalite de Lijiang, Yunnan). Un inventaire distributionnel fait ressortir deux paires de phonemes qui presentent un interet particulier pour la dialectologie naxi: deux voyelles apicales, /ɿ/ et /ɿ/, et deux voyelles rhotiques, /ɚ/ et /ɯ˞/, la ou le dialecte de la vieille ville de Lijiang (Dayanzhen) – le dialecte le mieux decrit a ce jour – ne presente qu’une voyelle apicalisee et une voyelle rhotique. La distribution lexicale de ces oppositions conservatrices, qui avaient deja ete signalees dans d’autres dialectes, est ici exposee en detail, ce qui consolide la base empirique necessaire a l’etude de la phonologie historique du groupe des langues naish. Au fil de l’expose, les caracteristiques du parler de Pianding sont comparees a celles d’autres dialectes, de sorte que le present article peut servir d’introduction aux problematiques centrales de la phonologie du naxi.
本文对第二作者的母语——云南丽江市大东县的偏定村的纳西族方言进行了音位和声调分析。一份分布清单显示了两对对纳西族方言特别有意义的音素:(i)两个大写元音，/ /和/ /; (ii)两个带音元音，/音调/和/音调/，而不是只有一个大写元音和一个带音元音的纳西族老城区方言，这是迄今为止描述最好的方言。这些观察证实并补充了其他方言的报告;这些保守对立词的词汇分布信息丰富了汉藏奈语亚群比较历史研究的经验基础。在讨论过程中，我们从跨方言的角度来观察平定方言;因此，这篇文章可以作为纳西族音素的主要方面的介绍。 本文分析了云南丽江市大东县纳西县的第二个作者的音素和语母的关系。uninventaire distributionnel faitressortir双对音素quente present uninterinterinterinterparticer pour la方言学naxi:双对音素apicales， / / et / /， et双对音素ravotiques， / / / et / / /， la ou le dialect de la vieille ville de丽江(大雁镇)- le dialect le mieux decrre a ce jour - ne present qu 'une voyle apicalisee et une voyle rtique。词汇的分布与保守的对立，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异，语音学上的差异。在《透视》一书中，作者比较了《语言方言》一书的特点，在《语言方言》一书中，作者介绍了《纳西语音中心问题》一书的特点。
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Pub Date : 2015-08-12DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00441P04
Henriëtte Daudey
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Pub Date : 2014-10-09DOI: 10.1163/19606028-00432P01
José Andrés Alonso Fuente
Two of the most controversial issues in Tungusic historical linguistics are (1) the (unnatural) sound change *-ls- > -kt- in Oroch, and (2) the so-called Tungusic “heteroclisis”. The main goal of this paper is to provide a solution for (1) that involves (2). The rationale behind the link between (1) and (2) is provided by recent discussion on analogical morphophonology.
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