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Reference groups and stereotype perception in Colombia 哥伦比亚的参照群体和刻板印象
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.120
Sérgio Barbosa, Willam Jiménez-Leal, C. E. Cortés
The objective of this study is to understand the categorization of social groups in Colombia, as well as exploring possible in-group favoritism.  The theoretical framework used is the Stereotype Content Model (SCM), according to which warmth and competence are universal principles that guide social cognition. The study was conducted in two phases. First, a diverse sample of 88 people identified the most relevant groups in Colombian society, which resulted in a list of 16 groups. Second, 210 people rated these groups in dimensions including warmth, competence, status and emotions associated. Results show idiosyncratic particularities of Colombian society, including failure to predict warmth from emotion ratings. These findings highlight difficulties in social group perception in Colombia as well as slight adjustments required for the SCM.
本研究的目的是了解哥伦比亚社会群体的分类,并探索可能的群体内偏袒。所使用的理论框架是刻板印象内容模型(SCM),根据该模型,温暖和能力是指导社会认知的普遍原则。这项研究分两个阶段进行。首先,一个由88人组成的多样化样本确定了哥伦比亚社会中最相关的群体,从而形成了一个由16个群体组成的列表。其次,210人对这些群体进行了评分,包括热情、能力、地位和相关情绪。研究结果显示了哥伦比亚社会的特殊性,包括无法从情绪评级中预测温暖程度。这些发现突出了哥伦比亚社会群体认知的困难,以及SCM所需的细微调整。
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引用次数: 0
Evidencias de validez de una tarea computarizada de memoria de trabajo verbal y viso-espacial para niños 儿童语言和视觉空间工作记忆计算机任务的效度证据
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.356
L. C. Juric, Florencia Stelzer, M. Andrés, Santiago Vernucci, I. Introzzi, D. Burin
Fil: Canet Juric, Lorena. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Psicologia. Instituto de Psicologia Basica, Aplicada y Tecnologia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Psicologia Basica, Aplicada y Tecnologia; Argentina
菲尔:卡内特·尤里奇,洛雷娜。马德普拉塔国立大学。心理学系。基础、应用和技术心理学研究所。国家科学技术研究委员会。CONICET技术科学中心-马德普拉塔。基础、应用和技术心理学研究所;阿根廷
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引用次数: 8
Diferencias del comportamiento socialmente responsable entre empresas que aplican y no aplican RSE 实施和不实施企业社会责任的企业社会责任行为的差异
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.360
Valentina Ramos, Andrea Carolina Avalos, Luz Patricia Vinueza Aguirre, Eduardo J. Tejera
El presente estudio tiene por objetivo identificar las diferencias entre organizaciones que aplican y no aplican acciones asociadas a practicas de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE), teniendo en cuenta  la percepcion de sus trabajadores en cuanto a su comportamiento socialmente responsable (CSR). Para ello, realizamos una medicion de cinco factores asociados al CSR: autonomia, empatia, competencias, justicia y etica (n total = 699). La metodologia utilizada fue cuantitativa,  transversal y correlacional. Para los calculos se utilizaron el coeficiente de correlacion de Pearson ( p <.05) y ANOVA de un factor. Los resultados indicaron que las Competencias fue el elemento del CSR menos frecuente en la organizacion donde se aplican acciones de RSE (x= 4,79). En el caso de la organizacion donde no se aplican acciones de RSE, los elementos del CSR con menor ponderacion fueron Etica (x= 4,12)  y Empatia (x= 4,12). Los cinco aspectos del CSR presentaron diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre ambas organizaciones, siendo superior en la organizacion que aplica acciones de RSE. Este estudio resulta relevante pues demuestra la existencia de comportamientos diferenciados  en aquellas entidades que proyectan sus acciones de RSE, sirviendo tambien como herramienta independiente para evaluar CSR a lo interno de las organizaciones.
本研究旨在确定实施和不实施与企业社会责任实践相关行动的组织之间的差异,同时考虑到其工人对其社会责任行为的看法。为此,我们对与CSR相关的五个因素进行了测量:自主性、同理心、能力、正义和伦理(总数=699)。使用的方法是定量、横向和相关的。计算采用皮尔逊相关系数(P<.05)和单因素方差分析。结果表明,能力是实施CSR行动的组织中最不常见的CSR要素(x=4.79)。对于不适用CSR行动的组织,权重较低的CSR要素是伦理(x=4.12)和同理心(x=4.12)。CSR的五个方面在两个组织之间存在统计上的显著差异,在实施CSR行动的组织中更为突出。这项研究是相关的,因为它证明了那些计划其企业社会责任行动的实体中存在不同的行为,也是评估组织内部企业社会责任的独立工具。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation between variables of therapeutic interaction with clients in SAD SAD患者治疗互动变量之间的相关性
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.280
Vagner Angelo Garcia, Alessandra Turini Bolsoni-Silva, Glaucia Fernanda Galeazzi Nobile
Several studies have been developed for therapeutic interaction, however the population with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is still little studied in this research field. This study aimed to analyze the correlations between variables of the therapeutic process: therapist and client behaviors and the themes discussed in the sessions. Participated in the research two clients diagnosed with SAD and a therapist. The sessions were analyzed using a categorization system behavior, and the correlation analysis by means of Spearman's rho test were performed. The results indicate that the therapist presented a therapy in active listening, being empathetic to provide information and recommendations. Sought information on certain topics with empathy, collecting data and asking for consideration. Another highlight is the correlation between Relations and Goals/Concordance, which configure as key processes to achieve the therapeutic goal.
虽然已经开展了一些关于治疗相互作用的研究,但在这一研究领域对社交焦虑障碍(SAD)人群的研究仍然很少。本研究旨在分析治疗过程的变量:治疗师和来访者的行为以及在会议中讨论的主题之间的相关性。参与研究的是两个被诊断为SAD的客户和一个治疗师。使用分类系统行为对会话进行分析,并通过Spearman's rho检验进行相关性分析。结果表明,治疗师提出了一种积极倾听的治疗方法,以移情的方式提供信息和建议。以同理心寻找特定主题的信息,收集数据并征求意见。另一个重点是关系和目标/一致性之间的相关性,这是实现治疗目标的关键过程。
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引用次数: 1
Gender roles, sexism, and myths of romantic love in Mexican adolescents 墨西哥青少年的性别角色、性别歧视和浪漫爱情神话
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.341
María Andrea Nava-Reyes, José Luis Rojas-Solís, L. Amador, L. A. Quintero
Los vinculos generados entre hombres y mujeres se distinguen por tareas y funciones especificas descritas, prescritas y manifestadas por cuestiones de genero. Por ello el presente estudio cuantitativo, no experimental y transversal analiza la prevalencia y relacion de factores de genero a partir de la Escala Roles de genero, la Escala de Ambivalencia hacia Hombres, Escala de Sexismo Ambivalente y Escala de mitos sobre el amor romantico. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1020 adolescentes mexicanos con edades entre 14 y 19 anos. Se hallo una mayor aceptacion de roles de genero y sexismo ambivalente por parte de los hombres, las mujeres puntuaron mas alto en sexismo hostil hacia las propias mujeres. En ambos sexos se hallaron numerosas relaciones estadisticamente significativas entre las variables estudiadas.
男女之间产生的联系通过具体的任务和职能加以区分,这些任务和职能是由性别问题所描述、规定和表现出来的。因此,本定量、非实验性、横断面研究从性别角色量表、对男性矛盾量表、矛盾性别歧视量表和浪漫爱情神话量表等方面分析了性别因素的流行程度和关系。本研究的目的是评估墨西哥青少年的心理健康状况。男性对性别角色的接受程度越高,性别歧视的矛盾程度越高,女性对女性本身的敌意性别歧视得分越高。在男性和女性中,研究变量之间有许多统计上显著的关系。
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引用次数: 19
Disciplina restaurativa, apoyo escolar, autoeficacia, habilidades sociales y victimización por pares 恢复性纪律、学校支持、自我效能、社交技能和同龄人受害
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.334
Á. Cuervo, Maricela Urías Murrieta, Ernesto Carlos Alonso Martínez
En el estudio se analizaron las relaciones entre disciplina docente restaurativa, apoyo social, autoeficacia para el afrontamiento, dificultades en habilidades sociales y victimizacion entre escolares adolescentes. Participaron 660 alumnos, 340 mujeres ( M edad= 13.4, DE = 1.5 anos) y 320 hombres ( M edad= 14.2, DE = 1.1 anos) de 20 escuelas secundarias publicas del noroeste de Mexico. Los resultados del analisis de senderos sugieren que la disciplina restaurativa favorece la percepcion de apoyo social, el cual se relaciona con menor frecuencia, de forma tanto directa como indirecta, con la victimizacion. Se concluye que las practicas restaurativas de los docentes favorecen un contexto social en la escuela que disminuye la vulnerabilidad de los estudiantes a la agresion de pares.
本研究分析了恢复性教学纪律、社会支持、应对自我效能感、社会技能困难与青少年受害之间的关系。研究对象为墨西哥西北部20所公立高中的660名学生,其中340名女性(13.4岁,1.5岁)和320名男性(14.2岁,1.1岁)。结果表明,恢复性纪律有利于社会支持的感知,而社会支持与受害的直接或间接关系较少。本研究的目的是评估教师对同龄人攻击的脆弱性,并评估教师对同龄人攻击的脆弱性。
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引用次数: 2
#NeotericRacism: Exploring race-based content in social media during racially charged current events #NeotericRacism:在充满种族主义色彩的时事中,探索社交媒体上基于种族的内容
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.493
Nayeli Y. Chavez-Dueñas, Hector Y. Adames
Research regarding the expression of race-based content on social media is sparse. To contribute to this understudied area in psychology, a qualitative study was conducted to explore messages used in social media during racially charged events. In the current study, content analysis was used to explore how Twitter users expressed raced-based content following the grand jury decision in the racially-charged case of Michael Brown. A total of N = 101 tweets using the hashtag Ferguson were analyzed and coded. Five categories emerged including content related to racial hatred, support of systems enacting racial injustice, racial epithets, opposition to racism, and news coverage. Categories formed three themes: a) content related to racism, b) anti-racists content, and c) news coverage. Implications are discussed and the paper culminates with recommendations for psychologists considering ways to utilize and integrate social media into their professional roles.
关于在社交媒体上表达种族内容的研究很少。为了对这一心理学研究不足的领域有所贡献,我们进行了一项定性研究,以探索在种族事件期间社交媒体上使用的信息。在当前的研究中,使用内容分析来探讨在迈克尔·布朗种族指控案的大陪审团裁决后,Twitter用户如何表达基于种族的内容。总共有N = 101条使用弗格森标签的推文被分析和编码。出现了五类内容,包括与种族仇恨有关的内容、支持实施种族不公正的制度、种族绰号、反对种族主义和新闻报道。类别形成三个主题:a)与种族主义有关的内容,b)反种族主义的内容,c)新闻报道。本文讨论了影响,并最终提出了心理学家考虑如何利用和整合社交媒体到他们的专业角色的建议。
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引用次数: 6
A phenomenological analysis on infertility in Mexican women living in the United States of America 生活在美国的墨西哥妇女不孕症的现象学分析
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/rip/ijp.v52i1.372
J. Brito
Infertility, or the inability to conceive, after 12 or more months of unprotected sexual intercourse (American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2008) affects women worldwide. The literature on the impact of infertility for Mexican women living in the U.S. is sparse. This phenomenological study examined the experiences of five Mexican women with infertility, ages 30-39, living in Queens, New York. Data collection comprised of conducting interviews in Spanish. Thematic results showed significant emotional distress, stigma, social, familial, and personal pressures to conceive, positive marital relations, body and sexual concerns, the use of spiritual coping approaches and natural solutions to infertility. Although the study is not meant to be generalizable, these findings serve to provide a cultural context of how Mexican women experience infertility.
在无保护的性交12个月或更长时间后,不孕或无法怀孕(美国生殖医学学会,2008年)影响着全世界的妇女。关于不孕对生活在美国的墨西哥妇女的影响的文献很少。这项现象学研究调查了五位年龄在30-39岁,居住在纽约皇后区的墨西哥不孕妇女的经历。数据收集包括用西班牙语进行访谈。专题研究结果显示,不孕不育患者存在明显的情绪困扰、耻辱感、社会、家庭和个人受孕压力、积极的婚姻关系、身体和性方面的担忧、精神应对方法的使用以及自然解决方案。虽然这项研究并不意味着可以推广,但这些发现有助于提供墨西哥妇女如何经历不孕症的文化背景。
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引用次数: 0
Music preference and attitudes toward drugs: The moderating role of values 音乐偏好与对毒品的态度:价值观的调节作用
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.89
C. E. Pimentel, T. Milfont, V. Gouveia, Katia C. Vione, R. Monteiro
Music has a fundamental importance in people’s lives. Specifically, preference for certain music styles has been associated to substance abuse and favorable attitudes toward drug use. We replicate previous findings by showing that greater preference for alternative music (rap, heavy metal, punk, reggae, rock, electronic) was associated to more favorable attitudes toward use of alcohol, marijuana and other drugs. In addition, we also examined whether values could moderate the music-drug link. Participants were 269 Brazilian undergraduate students with a mean age of 21 years, mostly female (65.8%). They answered the Alternative Music Scale, Attitudes toward Drugs Use Scales (Alcohol, Marijuana and Other Drugs) and Basic Values Survey. Results indicated that the correlations between alternative music preference and favorable attitudes toward drug use were stronger among students who placed less emphasis on normative values (e.g., obedience, tradition). In conclusion, promoting normative values could buffer the negative effects of alternative music preference on attitudes toward drug use.Keywords: music preference; drug use; attitudes; values.
音乐在人们的生活中有着根本的重要性。具体来说,对某些音乐风格的偏好与药物滥用和对药物使用的有利态度有关。我们重复了之前的研究结果,表明对另类音乐(说唱、重金属、朋克、雷鬼、摇滚、电子音乐)的更大偏好与对使用酒精、大麻和其他药物的更有利态度有关。此外,我们还研究了价值观是否可以调节音乐与药物的联系。参与者为269名平均年龄为21岁的巴西本科生,其中大部分为女性(65.8%)。他们回答了另类音乐量表、对毒品使用态度量表(酒精、大麻和其他毒品)和基本价值观调查。结果表明,另类音乐偏好与吸毒态度之间的相关性在不太强调规范价值观(如服从、传统)的学生中更强。综上所述,促进规范价值观可以缓冲另类音乐偏好对吸毒态度的负面影响。关键词:音乐偏好;药物使用;的态度;值。
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引用次数: 0
Evidencias psicométricas de la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg en adolecentes limeños 罗森伯格自尊量表在利马青少年中的心理测量证据
Q3 Psychology Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.30849/RIP/IJP.V52I1.363
José Ventura-León, T. Caycho-Rodríguez, Miguel Barboza-Palomino, Gonzalo Salas
La Investigacion Tuvo Como Objetivos · · · · · · · · · analizar la Estructura interna de la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR) y comprobar v vv vv vv vv EL FUNCIONAMIENTO diferencial de los items de Acuerdo al sexo. Se DESARROLLO instrumentales estudio de las Naciones Unidas En Dos Muestras, La Primera conformada POR 450 (226 mujeres y 224 Varones) y La Segunda POR 481 (225 mujeres y 256) Varones adolescentes peruanos pertenecientes a Instituciones Educativas Publicas y Privadas de Lima Metropolitana. Se evaluo la Estructura interna Mediante el Analisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, asimismo, se efectuo el Analisis de Consistencia interna, Parr Que Todos Los Modelos bueno FUE (H> 0,80). Por Otro Lado, se estimo el FUNCIONAMIENTO diferencial de las Naciones Unidas Traves de la invarianza factorial. Los Resultados Indican Que la EAR Debe Ser interpretada DE UN Acuerdo modelo bidimensional de la ONU, encontrandose ONU do Vez invarianza Fuerte parcial, debiendo liberarse los Puntos 1, 5 y 10, sugiriendo la Base de Borrarse el Punto 8. En La Unidad ONU Los de Resultados del Estudio, la EAR Cuenta con Evidencia empirica de Validez, Confiabilidad y sen FUNCIONAMIENTO invariante de algunos adj adj Articulos adj.
本研究的目的是·········分析罗森伯格自尊量表(EAR)的内部结构,并根据性别检查各项目的差异功能。联合国的工具性研究分为两个样本,第一个样本由450人(226名女性和224名男性)组成,第二个样本由来自利马大都会公立和私立教育机构的481名秘鲁青少年(225名女性和256名男性)组成。内部结构通过探索性和验证性因素分析进行评估,并进行内部一致性分析,所有良好模型的PARR均为(H>0.80)。另一方面,通过因子不变性估计了联合国的差异运作。结果表明,EAR必须从联合国的二维模型协议中解释,发现联合国存在部分强不变性,应释放第1、5和10点,这表明删除第8点的依据。在研究结果的联合国单位中,EAR有一些ADJ项目ADJ的有效性、可靠性和SEN不变功能的经验证据。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
Interamerican Journal of Psychology
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