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Gender And Access To Credit In Micro And Small Enterprises In Mutare, Zimbabwe 津巴布韦穆塔雷微型和小型企业的性别和信贷机会
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9319
David Damiyano, N. Dorasamy
The research study sought to investigate the relationship between access to credit and gender in urban areas of Zimbabwe in which the informal sector is larger than the formal sector. In order to achieve this, the study used the Grameen Theory of micro-lending in Bangladesh, the MC2 theory and ROSCAs theories. The study used secondary data obtained from ZIMSTATS, World Bank, Confederation of Zimbabwe Industries (CZI), the Wisrod website and other publications. E-Views was used to analyze the data using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) for estimation. The results obtained revealed that gender and age of the client are insignificant in determining accessibility of credit from MFIs. Work attendance, loan repayment ability and profit per day have a positive relationship with access to credit; and firm age has a negative relationship with access to credit in Zimbabwe. In light of these results, the study recommended the government to increase access of credit so as to increase economic activity where there is a large informal sector.  In addition, it also recommended that the government should implement policies which enable the participation of women and also use credit creation multipliers as a way to increase economic activity leading to economic growth.
这项研究试图调查津巴布韦城市地区获得信贷的机会与性别之间的关系,在这些地区,非正规部门比正规部门大。为了实现这一点,本研究采用了孟加拉国小额贷款的Grameen理论、MC2理论和ROSCA理论。这项研究使用了从津巴布韦国家统计局、世界银行、津巴布韦工业联合会(CZI)、Wisrod网站和其他出版物获得的二次数据。E-Views用于使用普通最小二乘法(OLS)进行估计来分析数据。所获得的结果表明,客户的性别和年龄在确定小额金融机构的信贷可及性方面并不重要。出勤率、贷款偿还能力和日利润与获得信贷的机会呈正相关;企业年龄与津巴布韦获得信贷的机会呈负相关。鉴于这些结果,该研究建议政府增加信贷渠道,以增加有大型非正规部门的经济活动。此外,它还建议政府执行使妇女能够参与的政策,并利用信贷创造乘数来增加经济活动,从而实现经济增长。
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引用次数: 0
Using Adanco Software To Examine The Intention To Use Coffee. Evidence From Vietnam 使用Adanco软件检查使用咖啡的意图。来自越南的证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9318
N. Ngan, B. Khoi
The purpose of the paper was to investigate the factors that influenced the intention to use coffee by using Adanco software. Survey data was collected from 284 consumers living in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The research model was proposed from the studies of the behavioral intention. The reliability and validity of the scale were tested by Cronbach's Alpha, Average Variance Extracted (Pvc) and Composite Reliability (Pc). PLS-SEM showed that intention to use coffee was affected by some components of the intention to use coffee.
本文的目的是通过使用Adanco软件来调查影响咖啡使用意向的因素。调查数据来自越南胡志明市的284名消费者。该研究模型是在对行为意向研究的基础上提出的。采用Cronbach’s Alpha、平均方差提取(Pvc)和综合信度(Pc)检验量表的信度和有效性。PLS-SEM显示,使用咖啡的意愿受到使用咖啡意愿的某些成分的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Role Of Accounting Information In Enhancing The Financial Feasibility Of Economic Units 会计信息在提高经济单位财务可行性中的作用
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9315
M. Shani, Layth Ali Hammadi AL-Tameeme, Sikna Swadi Wadi
The purpose of this research is to know the effect of the future accounting information and the predictability provided by that information in  enhancing the financial viability of the economic units and identifying the financial feasibility and importance of the economic units in terms of guiding the owners of capital to take the right investment decision.This research was conducted in one of the investment projects for the production of iron located in the city of Baghdad, the region of Awrig , The most important conclusion of this study is that for the financial feasibility study it is important to estimate the success of the project by determining the expected returns compared to the expected costs.
本研究的目的是了解未来会计信息的影响以及该信息提供的可预测性,以提高经济单位的财务可行性,并确定经济单位在指导资本所有者做出正确投资决策方面的财务可行性和重要性。这项研究是在位于巴格达市Awrig地区的一个钢铁生产投资项目中进行的。这项研究最重要的结论是,对于财务可行性研究来说,通过确定与预期成本相比的预期回报来估计项目的成功率很重要。
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引用次数: 0
Antecedents of Dubai Revisit Intention: The Role of Destination Service Quality and Tourist Satisfaction 迪拜重游意向的前因:目的地服务质量与游客满意度的作用
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9326
S. Abdulla, Gamal S. A. Khalifa, A. Abuelhassan, Abhijit Ghosh
In this study, the researchers have proposed, developed and tested a novel model which highlighted the effect of the Destination Service Quality (DSQ) dimensions (like local transport, accommodation, cleanliness, hospitality, different activities, airport, language communication services) on the tourist intention to revisit, via the mediating role played by tourist satisfaction, in UAE’s tourism industry. For this purpose, the researchers distributed 700 questionnaires amongst the international tourists visiting Dubai. 565 of the 700 (i.e., 80.71%) of the valid tourist questionnaires were returned. Results indicated that the study constructs were very reliable and displayed the convergent and discriminated validity. Thereafter, the researcher carried out the SEM for testing all research hypotheses. The findings have supported all the study’s hypotheses (direct and indirect relationships). The destination marketers, planners and managers must investigate all dimensions for developing better marketing and operational strategies. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications were discussed.
在这项研究中,研究人员提出、开发并测试了一个新的模型,该模型强调了目的地服务质量(DSQ)维度(如当地交通、住宿、清洁、招待、不同活动、机场、语言交流服务)对游客重游意愿的影响,通过游客满意度发挥的中介作用,在阿联酋的旅游业。为此,研究人员向到访迪拜的国际游客发放了700份问卷。在700份有效的旅游问卷中,565份(即80.71%)被退回。结果表明,研究结构是非常可靠的,并显示出收敛和判别的有效性。之后,研究人员进行了SEM,以检验所有的研究假设。这些发现支持了该研究的所有假设(直接和间接关系)。目的地营销人员、规划者和管理者必须调查各个方面,以制定更好的营销和运营战略。最后,讨论了其理论意义和管理意义。
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引用次数: 17
Start-up Awareness and Access toFinance: The Case of South African SMEs 创业意识与融资渠道:以南非中小企业为例
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9333
N. H. Bamata, K. Govender
Start-up entrepreneurs in South Africa do not move from the stage of existence and survival to growth to maturity/ In order for Start-up businesses to have a competitive advantage, they have to grow beyond the survival stage and keep on growing. Despite the availability of external finance, access to finance from banks has been identified as the main challenge to the establishment and growth of SME Start-ups in South Africa. The aim of this study is toinvestigate the determinants of start-up awareness to improve access to finance from banks by Start-up entrepreneurs in Pietermaritzburg, the capital city of KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. Data was collected through self-administrated questionnaires from a random sample of 253 respondents being members of the Chamber of Commerce in the capital city of one of the largest provinces in South Africa.The results from inferential statistical analysis revealed that start-up awareness factors such as conducting a feasibility study, finding a good location, knowing the amount of seed capital needed, developing a business strategy, a business plan, and business model as well as the source of seed capital, are significant determinants of access to bank financing by start-up entrepreneurs.Thus, entrepreneurs should understand the determinants of Start-up awareness in order to improve their ability to access bank finance.
南非的创业企业家不会从存在和生存阶段到成长到成熟阶段/为了使创业企业具有竞争优势,他们必须超越生存阶段并不断成长。尽管可以获得外部资金,但从银行获得资金已被确定为南非中小企业初创企业建立和发展的主要挑战。本研究的目的是调查创业意识的决定因素,以改善南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省首府彼得马里茨堡的创业企业家从银行获得融资的机会。数据是通过自行管理的问卷从253名随机抽样的答复者中收集的,这些答复者是南非最大省份之一省会城市商会的成员。推论统计分析的结果显示,创业意识因素,如进行可行性研究、寻找良好的地点、了解所需的种子资金数量、制定商业战略、商业计划、商业模式以及种子资金来源,是创业企业家获得银行融资的重要决定因素。因此,企业家应该了解创业意识的决定因素,以提高他们获得银行融资的能力。
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引用次数: 0
A Study On Challenges Faced By Small Scale Entrepreneurship Management In Tirunelveli City 蒂鲁内韦利市小规模创业管理面临的挑战研究
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9320
V. Sangeetha, S.Selva Kumari, M. Deena, K. Chandra
In modern days entrepreneurship are increased and they were faced a lot of issues and challenges. Entrepreneur is one who has creative and innovative ideas for a business. The entrepreneurship reduces the unemployment. The Government was encouraged the Entrepreneurs and give award for them. Main objective for these awards is to recognize the business and business man and improve the marketability introduced new products for a market. The Central Government issues award for entrepreneurs who have a age of 40 years and they must be first generation entrepreneurs. They were holding a 51% of equity and ownership of business and then women must individually own 75% or more of the enterprise.
在现代,企业家精神得到了加强,他们面临着许多问题和挑战。企业家是指对企业有创造性和创新性想法的人。创业减少了失业率。政府鼓励企业家并为他们颁奖。这些奖项的主要目的是表彰企业和商人,并提高为市场推出新产品的市场竞争力。中央政府为年满40岁且必须是第一代企业家的企业家颁发奖励。她们持有51%的股权和企业所有权,然后女性必须单独拥有企业75%或更多的股份。
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引用次数: 0
The Intelligence of Key Stakeholder Impacts the Capabilities of the Business in Public Private Partnership 关键利益相关者的智力对公私合作企业能力的影响
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9353
M. Zar, Sandeep Poddar, A. Bhaumik
The large population growth, climate change and increasing urbanization are 3 mainfactorsthat globally demand more sustainable developments on energy (electricity), water, space and food. The basicrequirement is energy or electricity. Technologies and thesystem innovationandthe behaviour of stakeholders are mainly supporting to attain sustainable energy. The key stakeholders’ intelligenceregarding the development projects in country is very important to balance the priority of power development with energy securityfor the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price with timely investments to supply energy in line with economic developments and sustainable environmental needs.
大规模的人口增长、气候变化和日益加剧的城市化是全球要求在能源(电力)、水、空间和粮食方面实现更可持续发展的三个主要因素。基本需求是能源或电力。技术和系统创新以及利益相关者的行为是实现可持续能源的主要支持。关键利益相关者对该国发展项目的了解对于平衡电力发展的优先事项和能源安全非常重要,即以可承受的价格不间断地提供能源,并及时投资以供应符合经济发展和可持续环境需求的能源。
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引用次数: 0
GST - Sway On Small Scale Industries 商品及服务税-影响小型工业
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9331
Jayanti.G, Dr. V.Selvam
India being a democratic and republic country, has witnessed the biggest indirect tax reform after much exploration, GST bill roll out on 1 April 2017.  The concept of this reform is for a unified country-wide tax reform system.  Enterprises particularly SMEs are caught in a state of instability.  Several taxes such s excise, service tax etc., have been subsumed with a single tax structure. it is the responsibilities of both centre and state government to shoulder the important responsibility to cater the needs of the people and the nation as a whole.  The main basis of income to the government is through levy of taxes.  To meet the so called socio-economic needs and economic growth, taxes are considered as a main source of revenue for the government.  As per Wikipedia “A tax is a mandatory financial charge or some other type of levy imposed upon tax payer by the government in order to fund various public expenditure”   it is said that tax payment is mandatory, failure to pay such taxes will be punishable under the law.   The Indian tax system is classified as direct and indirect tax.   The indirect taxes are levied on purchase, sale, and manufacture of goods and provision of service.  The indirect tax on goods and services increases its price, this can lead to inflationary trend.  Contribution of indirect taxes to total tax revenue is more than 50% in India, therefore, indirect tax is considered as a major source of tax revenue for the government, which in turn is one of source for GDP growth.  Though indirect tax is a major source of revenue, it had lot of hassles.  To overcome the major issues of indirect tax system the government of India subsumed most of the indirect tax which in turn gave birth to the concept called Goods and Service Tax.
印度是一个民主和共和国家,经过多次探索,见证了最大的间接税改革,商品及服务税法案于2017年4月1日推出。这次改革的概念是为了在全国范围内建立统一的税制改革制度。企业特别是中小企业处于不稳定状态。消费税、服务税等几种税已被纳入一个单一的税收结构。满足人民和整个国家的需要是中央和邦政府的责任。政府收入的主要来源是征税。为了满足所谓的社会经济需求和经济增长,税收被认为是政府收入的主要来源。根据维基百科的说法,“税收是政府为了资助各种公共支出而对纳税人征收的强制性财务费用或其他类型的税收”,据说纳税是强制性的,不缴纳此类税款将受到法律的惩罚。印度的税收制度分为直接税和间接税。间接税是对商品的购买、销售、制造和提供服务征收的。间接税提高了商品和服务的价格,这可能导致通货膨胀趋势。在印度,间接税对总税收收入的贡献超过50%,因此,间接税被认为是政府税收收入的主要来源,而这反过来又是GDP增长的来源之一。虽然间接税是税收的主要来源,但它有很多麻烦。为了克服间接税制度的主要问题,印度政府将大部分间接税纳入其中,从而产生了商品和服务税的概念。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Financial Performance Analysis Of Selected Life Insurance Companies In India 印度部分人寿保险公司财务业绩比较分析
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9329
Dr.T. Thirupathi, S. Subhashini
 Insurance is a contract between the insurer and the insured where the insurer agrees to compensate for the losses suffered by the insured in return for the payment of specified sum of amount called premium. Insurance Industry in India is a huge sector which contributes much more for the overall development of the country. Using various descriptive statistical tools like mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, correlation coefficient, this research paper analyses and make a comparative study on financial performance of selected life insurance companies in India.
保险是保险人和被保险人之间的合同,保险人同意赔偿被保险人遭受的损失,以换取支付指定金额的保险费。印度保险业是一个庞大的行业,对国家的整体发展贡献更大。本文运用均值、标准差、方差分析、相关系数等描述性统计工具,对印度部分寿险公司的财务业绩进行了分析和比较研究。
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Zimbabwean Commercial Bank Customers Behaviour 社交媒体营销对津巴布韦商业银行客户行为的影响
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.26643/rb.v118i10.9332
C. D. Mudondo, K. Govender
While research has underscored the benefits of social media marketing, organizations including banks, still fail to justify their continued investment on social media marketing, mainly because its impact on customer behaviour remains unclear. Thus, this study aimsto establish the impact of social media marketing (SMM) on Zimbabwean commercial bank customers’ behaviour, from a Social Exchange Theory (SET) perspective. The objectives included determining the influence of the SET determinants inherent in SMM on commercial bank customers’ satisfaction; loyalty and repurchase intentions. A quantitative research approach was used to survey 384 bank customers in Harare and Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program. Structural Equation Modellingrevealed a positive and significant relationship between the perceived social, informational and monetary benefits inherent in SMM and the bank customers’ satisfaction. There was also a significant positive relationship between social connectedness inherent in SMM and the bank customers’ loyalty. Furthermore, significant positive relationships were found between perceived fairness, customer engagement, perceived reciprocity inherent in SMM and bank customers’ trust, while the strength of community ties inherent in SMM is negatively and significantly related to bank customer loyalty. It is thus recommended that marketers take cognizance of the influence of the social exchange theory determinants inherent in social media marketing on customer behaviour, when developing and implementing social media marketing strategies and policies.
尽管研究强调了社交媒体营销的好处,但包括银行在内的组织仍然无法证明他们继续投资社交媒体营销是合理的,主要是因为它对客户行为的影响尚不清楚。因此,本研究旨在从社会交换理论(SET)的角度建立社交媒体营销(SMM)对津巴布韦商业银行客户行为的影响。目标包括确定SMM固有的SET决定因素对商业银行客户满意度的影响;忠诚度和回购意向。采用定量研究方法,采用结构化问卷调查了津巴布韦哈拉雷和布拉瓦约的384名银行客户。使用社会科学统计软件包进行描述性和推断性统计分析。结构方程模型揭示了SMM固有的社会、信息和货币利益与银行客户满意度之间的积极而显著的关系。SMM内在的社会联系与银行客户忠诚度之间也存在显著的正相关关系。此外,SMM中固有的公平感、客户参与度、互惠感与银行客户信任之间存在显著的正相关关系,而SMM中的社区纽带强度与银行客户忠诚度呈负相关。因此,建议营销人员在制定和实施社交媒体营销战略和政策时,认识到社交媒体营销中固有的社会交换理论决定因素对客户行为的影响。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Restaurant Business
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