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Increased nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are associated with lower body mass index and better self-rated general health among university students 营养知识的增加和地中海饮食的坚持与大学生体重指数的降低和自我总体健康状况的改善有关
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200240
Fatima Zahra Elmskini , Aichetou Bouh , Asmae Labyad , Nouriya Elghoulam , Hind Iraqi , Slimane Mehdad , Aicha Madkour , Abderrahmane Moufid , Mustapha Aabi , Saber Boutayeb , Khalid Taghzouti , Hassan Aguenaou , Souad Benaich

Background

Nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been suggested to have beneficial effects on weight status and general health. The scarcity of assessment of these effects on large samples of university students is, however, observed.

Objective

To investigate the association of nutrition knowledge and adherence to the MedDiet with body mass index (BMI) and self-rated general health among university students.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study among 1776 university students aged 21.34 ± 2.47 years. Nutrition knowledge and MedDiet adherence scores were assessed using validated questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and general health were self-reported.

Results

The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.1% and 4.0%, respectively. Approximately 52% of students self-rated their general health as fair or poor. MedDiet adherence score was positively correlated with nutrition knowledge scores (P < 0.001) and inversely associated with BMI (P < 0.001). Non-overweight students had significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores and MedDiet adherence scores compared to overweight/obese peers. Similarly, non-smoking students had higher nutrition knowledge scores than their smoking counterparts (P = 0.017). Participants who self-rated their general health as fair or poor showed significantly lower nutrition knowledge and MedDiet adherence scores than other groups. Health science students had significantly lower consumption of fish, legumes, olive oil, unrefined whole grains, fruits, and vegetables compared to other students.

Conclusions

Elevated levels of nutrition knowledge and adherence to the MedDiet were associated with lower BMI and better self-rated general health. Urgent interventions are needed to promote nutrition knowledge and healthy eating behavior among university students.

背景营养知识和坚持地中海饮食(MedDiet)被认为对体重状况和总体健康有益。目的 在大学生中调查营养知识和坚持地中海饮食与体重指数(BMI)和自我评价的总体健康状况之间的关系。采用经过验证的问卷对营养知识和 "健康饮食 "坚持率进行评估。结果超重和肥胖的发生率分别为23.1%和4.0%。约有 52% 的学生自评总体健康状况为一般或较差。饮食坚持率得分与营养知识得分呈正相关(P <0.001),与体重指数呈反相关(P <0.001)。与超重/肥胖的学生相比,非超重学生的营养知识得分和 "健康饮食 "坚持率得分明显更高。同样,不吸烟学生的营养知识得分也高于吸烟学生(P = 0.017)。自评总体健康状况为一般或较差的参与者的营养知识得分和 "健康饮食 "坚持率得分明显低于其他组别。与其他学生相比,健康科学专业学生的鱼类、豆类、橄榄油、未提炼的全谷物、水果和蔬菜消费量明显较低。亟需采取干预措施,在大学生中推广营养知识和健康饮食行为。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of short term citrulline malate supplementation on oxidative stress and muscle damage in trained soccer players 短期补充瓜氨酸苹果酸盐对足球运动员氧化应激和肌肉损伤的影响
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200242
Mohammad Sadegh Mirenayat , Mohammad Faramarzi , Mohammad Reza Ghazvini , Jahangir Karimian , Amir Hadi , Zahra Heidari , Mohammad Hossein Rouhani , Amirmansour Alavi Naeini

There is some evidence that citrulline malate (CM) limits the deleterious effect of oxidative stress in athletes, but its effect on team sports like soccer is not clear. Thus, the current research is designed to investigate the effect of short-term CM supplementation on oxidative stress and muscle damage markers in trained soccer players. In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, 28 healthy, highly-trained male soccer players were selected and randomly assigned into 2 groups to take 6 g/day CM or placebo for 7 days. Blood samples were then taken in a resting-state at baseline and 24 h after the 7-day supplement intervention; and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and uric acid levels were measured. Compared to the baseline, CM significantly decreased serum uric acid levels (P = 0.03) and significantly increased serum LDH concentrations (P = 0.002). However, there were no significant changes in serum levels of MDA, CAT, GSH, TAC, SOD, LDH CK, and uric acid compared to the placebo group (P > 0.05). It appears that short-term CM supplementation does not improve oxidative stress and muscle damage in soccer players. Further investigations should be conducted to fully understand the effects of CM on soccer players.

有证据表明,瓜氨酸苹果酸盐(CM)可限制氧化应激对运动员的有害影响,但其对足球等团队运动的影响尚不明确。因此,目前的研究旨在调查短期补充 CM 对训练有素的足球运动员氧化应激和肌肉损伤指标的影响。在这项随机双盲对照试验中,研究人员选取了 28 名经过严格训练的健康男性足球运动员,并将他们随机分为两组,分别在 7 天内服用每天 6 克的中药或安慰剂。然后分别在基线休息状态和 7 天补充剂干预后的 24 小时内采集血液样本,并测量血清丙二醛 (MDA)、总抗氧化能力 (TAC)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、肌酸激酶 (CK) 和尿酸水平。与基线相比,中药明显降低了血清尿酸水平(P = 0.03),明显提高了血清 LDH 浓度(P = 0.002)。然而,与安慰剂组相比,血清中的 MDA、CAT、GSH、TAC、SOD、LDH CK 和尿酸水平没有明显变化(P > 0.05)。由此看来,短期补充中药并不能改善足球运动员的氧化应激和肌肉损伤。要全面了解中药对足球运动员的影响,还需要进行进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
The role of micronutrients on the treatment of diabetes 微量营养素对治疗糖尿病的作用
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200238
Samer Younes

In the last two decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals worldwide who are affected by diabetes. This review article aims to explore the correlation between specific vitamins and diabetes. It has been observed that individuals with diabetes tend to have lower levels of certain antioxidant vitamins, namely A, C, and E. This decrease in vitamin levels is believed to be a consequence of the need to manage oxidative stress caused by issues with glucose metabolism. Additionally, retinol-binding protein plays a role in regulation and adipocytokine function. Diabetics also exhibit reduced levels of thiamine, pyridoxine, and biotin. Research has indicated that diabetes can hinder the absorption of various nutrients, including vitamins B9 and B12, necessitating frequent replenishment of these vitamins. Insufficient levels of vitamin D have been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes and related complications such as cardiovascular disease. While some studies suggest that vitamin K supplementation may improve glucose metabolism, it remains uncertain whether it can prevent or repair oxidative damage. Excessive vitamin supplementation has been shown to have negative effects, as demonstrated by numerous studies. The review that follows will analyze the association between several nutrients, specifically vitamins A, D, C, B3, B6, B9, Zn, B12, E, B1/K, and iron, and the pathways implicated in diabetes, as well as their potential regulatory effects.

在过去二十年里,全球糖尿病患者人数大幅增加。这篇综述文章旨在探讨特定维生素与糖尿病之间的相关性。据观察,糖尿病患者体内某些抗氧化维生素(即维生素 A、维生素 C 和维生素 E)的含量往往较低。这种维生素含量的降低被认为是需要控制葡萄糖代谢问题所导致的氧化应激的结果。此外,视黄醇结合蛋白在调节和脂肪细胞因子功能方面发挥作用。糖尿病患者体内的硫胺素、吡哆醇和生物素水平也会降低。研究表明,糖尿病会阻碍各种营养素的吸收,包括维生素 B9 和 B12,因此需要经常补充这些维生素。维生素 D 含量不足与罹患糖尿病和心血管疾病等相关并发症的风险增加有关。一些研究表明,补充维生素 K 可以改善糖代谢,但能否预防或修复氧化损伤仍不确定。大量研究表明,过量补充维生素会产生负面影响。接下来的综述将分析几种营养素(特别是维生素 A、D、C、B3、B6、B9、锌、B12、E、B1/K 和铁)与糖尿病相关途径之间的联系及其潜在的调节作用。
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引用次数: 0
Body indices based receiver operating characteristics curve models are important risk assessing tools for metabolic diseases among Asian women 基于身体指数的接收器工作特征曲线模型是评估亚洲女性代谢性疾病风险的重要工具
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200243
Zoomi Singh, Vandana Verma, Neelam Yadav

Purpose

The right way to measure obesity is still a matter of debate. This study will look at the prevalence of obesity, anthropometrics, and body composition as screening tools for obesity and adiposity among adult women in urban Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh, India. It will also try to figure out exactly what level of obesity is linked to a metabolic risk.

Methods

A Cross-sectional study comprising 570 urban women of Prayagraj (Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh, India aged 20–49 years were examined for anthropometry, body composition analysis, blood pressure, random blood sugar, and haemoglobin.

Results

Except for total body water (TBW), all measures of obesity and health markers increased with age (p < 0.000, 95% CI-confidence interval). Appropriate cutoffs calculated with model for adult women for body fat (%), muscle mass (kg), total body water (%), and visceral fat (kg) were 33.5, 34.5, 46.5, and 4.5 respectively. Using stepwise logistic regression, two models eliminating waist circumference (WC) and wait to hip ratio (WHR), respectively, were created. Age, WHR, and visceral fat (VF) for systolic blood pressure; age and TBW for diastolic blood pressure; age and VF for random blood sugar; WHR, body fat% (BF %), Muscle mass (MM), and age for haemoglobin, were all significantly associated with the presence of metabolic risk variables in Model 1. In model 2, only age was significant for predicting systolic blood pressure; age, TBW, and WC for diastolic blood pressure; age and VF for random blood sugar; BF%, WC, and age for haemoglobin were shown to be significantly associated with metabolic risk variables.

Conclusions

Two basic models for predicting metabolic risk in Asian Indians were studied. Both models can be used to assess metabolic risk in them.

目的 衡量肥胖的正确方法仍是一个争论不休的问题。本研究将对印度北方邦普拉亚格拉杰(阿拉哈巴德)城市成年女性的肥胖患病率、人体测量学和身体成分进行调查,以此作为肥胖和脂肪过多的筛查工具。结果除身体总水分 (TBW) 外,所有肥胖指标和健康指标均随年龄增长而增加(p < 0.000,95% CI-置信区间)。根据模型计算出的成年女性体脂(%)、肌肉质量(千克)、总水分(%)和内脏脂肪(千克)的适当临界值分别为 33.5、34.5、46.5 和 4.5。通过逐步逻辑回归,分别建立了消除腰围(WC)和腰臀比(WHR)的两个模型。在模型 1 中,年龄、WHR 和内脏脂肪(VF)与收缩压;年龄和 TBW 与舒张压;年龄和 VF 与随机血糖;WHR、体脂率(BF %)、肌肉质量(MM)和年龄(血红蛋白)均与代谢风险变量的存在显著相关。在模型 2 中,只有年龄对预测收缩压有显著影响;年龄、TBW 和 WC 对预测舒张压有显著影响;年龄和 VF 对预测随机血糖有显著影响;BF%、WC 和年龄对预测血红蛋白有显著影响。这两个模型都可用于评估他们的代谢风险。
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引用次数: 0
The effectiveness of egg supplementation on nutritional status, physical fitness and cognition of school-aged children (8–12 Years) in Ho Municipality, Ghana 补充鸡蛋对加纳霍市学龄儿童(8-12 岁)营养状况、体能和认知能力的影响
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200246
Priscilla Cecilia Akpene Amenya , Reginald Adjetey Annan , Charles Apprey , Daniel Edem Kpewou , Isaac Agyei Annor

Background

Egg is a cheap source of essential micronutrients and high-quality protein, which can contribute to the daily nutritional needs of children, support their growth and brain development. Aim: The study evaluated the effectiveness of egg supplementation on nutritional status, physical fitness, and cognition of school-aged Children (8–12 Years) in Ho Municipality, Ghana.

Methods

A school-based, double-blind randomized controlled trial design was adopted. Children aged 8 to 12 years from government-run primary schools were randomly allocated to receive either egg supplementation three times a week for three months or no supplementation at all for three months. Dietary intakes using a repeated 24-h dietary recall, Raven's cognition test, fitness level, BMI-for-age, and serum levels of ferritin, zinc, and albumin were assessed at baseline and after the intervention.

Results

At pre-intervention, mean intake of several nutrients, including energy, CHO, protein, fat, iron zinc and folate were significantly higher in the intervention group. Post-intervention, these differences significantly increased for protein, fat, and iron, and reduced for energy, carbohydrate, folate, vitamin B6 and 12. Children on egg supplementation had a much higher increase in vitamin A intake (142.0 μg) than the controls (49.8 μg) between pre-and post-intervention. Regarding the physical fitness markers, pre-intervention mean handgrip, forward jump and total fitness scores were all higher in the intervention group and similar for the 50-m run. Post-intervention, the difference was lost while the total fitness score increased rather among controls (p < 0.001). For the biochemical markers, both serum ferritin (mean difference in control = 18.2 μg/L versus intervention= 20.1 μg/L) and zinc (mean difference in control 14.4 μg/L versus intervention 69.4 μg/L) increased more in the intervention than the controls. BMI-for-age z-score did not change between the intervention and control (p = 0.894) post-intervention, while the total cognition score improves slightly more in controls (4.8 points, p < 0.001) than in the intervention group (3.3 points, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The results indicate that school children who consumed boiled eggs three times per week for three months had a higher mean intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamins A and B6. The mean serum ferritin and albumin levels improved significantly higher in the experimental group. Egg supplementation did not significantly improve physical fitness and cognitive test scores of school-aged children. From this study, egg supplementation may improve some nutrients among school children but effects on congintion and physical fitness may require further study.

背景鸡蛋是必需微量营养素和优质蛋白质的廉价来源,可满足儿童的日常营养需求,支持他们的生长和大脑发育。目的:本研究评估了补充鸡蛋对加纳霍市学龄儿童(8-12 岁)的营养状况、体能和认知能力的影响。方法:本研究采用了基于学校的双盲随机对照试验设计。来自政府办小学的 8 至 12 岁儿童被随机分配到每周补充三次鸡蛋,为期三个月或不补充鸡蛋,为期三个月。结果在干预前,干预组的几种营养素(包括能量、CHO、蛋白质、脂肪、铁锌和叶酸)的平均摄入量明显高于干预组。干预后,蛋白质、脂肪和铁的摄入量明显增加,而能量、碳水化合物、叶酸、维生素 B6 和 12 的摄入量则有所减少。在干预前和干预后,补充鸡蛋的儿童维生素 A 摄入量(142.0 微克)比对照组(49.8 微克)增加得多。在体能指标方面,干预组干预前的平均握力、前跳和总体能得分均高于对照组,50 米跑的得分与对照组相近。干预后,差异消失了,而对照组的体能总分反而增加了(p < 0.001)。在生化指标方面,干预组的血清铁蛋白(对照组的平均差异为 18.2 μg/L,干预组为 20.1 μg/L)和锌(对照组的平均差异为 14.4 μg/L,干预组为 69.4 μg/L)的增加幅度高于对照组。干预后,干预组和对照组的体重指数年龄Z值没有变化(p = 0.894),而对照组认知总分的提高(4.8分,p < 0.001)略高于干预组(3.3分,p < 0.001)。实验组的平均血清铁蛋白和白蛋白水平明显提高。补充鸡蛋并没有明显改善学龄儿童的体能和认知测试成绩。从这项研究来看,补充鸡蛋可能会改善学龄儿童的某些营养素,但对智力和体能的影响可能还需要进一步研究。
{"title":"The effectiveness of egg supplementation on nutritional status, physical fitness and cognition of school-aged children (8–12 Years) in Ho Municipality, Ghana","authors":"Priscilla Cecilia Akpene Amenya ,&nbsp;Reginald Adjetey Annan ,&nbsp;Charles Apprey ,&nbsp;Daniel Edem Kpewou ,&nbsp;Isaac Agyei Annor","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Egg is a cheap source of essential micronutrients and high-quality protein, which can contribute to the daily nutritional needs of children, support their growth and brain development. Aim: The study evaluated the effectiveness of egg supplementation on nutritional status, physical fitness, and cognition of school-aged Children (8–12 Years) in Ho Municipality, Ghana.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A school-based, double-blind randomized controlled trial design was adopted. Children aged 8 to 12 years from government-run primary schools were randomly allocated to receive either egg supplementation three times a week for three months or no supplementation at all for three months. Dietary intakes using a repeated 24-h dietary recall, Raven's cognition test, fitness level, BMI-for-age, and serum levels of ferritin, zinc, and albumin were assessed at baseline and after the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At pre-intervention, mean intake of several nutrients, including energy, CHO, protein, fat, iron zinc and folate were significantly higher in the intervention group. Post-intervention, these differences significantly increased for protein, fat, and iron, and reduced for energy, carbohydrate, folate, vitamin B6 and 12. Children on egg supplementation had a much higher increase in vitamin A intake (142.0 μg) than the controls (49.8 μg) between pre-and post-intervention. Regarding the physical fitness markers, pre-intervention mean handgrip, forward jump and total fitness scores were all higher in the intervention group and similar for the 50-m run. Post-intervention, the difference was lost while the total fitness score increased rather among controls (p &lt; 0.001). For the biochemical markers, both serum ferritin (mean difference in control = 18.2 <strong>μg/L versus intervention= 20.1 μg/L</strong>) and zinc (mean difference in control 14.4 <strong>μg/L versus intervention 69.4 μg/L</strong>) increased more in the intervention than the controls. BMI-for-age z-score did not change between the intervention and control (p = 0.894) post-intervention, while the total cognition score improves slightly more in controls (4.8 points, p &lt; 0.001) than in the intervention group (3.3 points, p &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results indicate that school children who consumed boiled eggs three times per week for three months had a higher mean intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamins A and B6. The mean serum ferritin and albumin levels improved significantly higher in the experimental group. Egg supplementation did not significantly improve physical fitness and cognitive test scores of school-aged children. From this study, egg supplementation may improve some nutrients among school children but effects on congintion and physical fitness may require further study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000082/pdfft?md5=eec39fabe0183204bf11c370e7af7355&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
APOEε4 genotype and DHA and EPA supplementation on the outcomes of cognitive decline: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials APOEε4 基因型与补充 DHA 和 EPA 对认知能力下降结果的影响:随机临床试验的系统回顾
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200249
Cynthia Batista Santos , Beatriz da Cruz Santos , Aline Rocha Reis , Liliane Viana Pires

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation has been used to improve cognitive outcomes in diseases associated with cognition. However, the influence of APOEε4 genotype on these relationships remains unclear. Therefore, this systematic review aims to discuss the evidence regarding the effects of DHA and EPA supplementation on cognitive decline variables and relate them to APOEε4 genotype in middle-aged and older adults. The Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Bireme/Lilacs databases were searched for studies, retrieving 1863 articles. After the step selection, two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of EPA and DHA supplementation on cognitive variables were included. All the methodological steps were performed by two raters. The results of the RCTs were not congruent, as the non-carriers in the APOEε4 supplemented group performed worse in the quick-choice reaction time cognitive domain, whereas the carriers improved in the reasoning domain. The increase in DHA concentration in the supplemented group was lower in APOEε4 carriers than in individuals with other genotypes. Additionally, a smaller decline in right hippocampal brain volume correlated with higher EPA concentrations after supplementation in APOEε4 non-carriers. The dosage and supplementation time (18 months) were similar between studies. In conclusion, DHA and EPA supplementation showed no pragmatic effects on cognitive variables when considering the presence of the APOEε4 allele.

补充二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)已被用于改善与认知相关疾病的认知结果。然而,APOEε4 基因型对这些关系的影响仍不清楚。因此,本系统综述旨在讨论有关补充 DHA 和 EPA 对中老年人认知能力下降变量的影响以及这些影响与 APOEε4 基因型之间关系的证据。研究人员在 Medline(通过 PubMed)、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Bireme/Lilacs 数据库中检索了 1863 篇研究文章。经过步骤选择后,纳入了两项评估补充 EPA 和 DHA 对认知变量影响的随机临床试验(RCT)。所有方法步骤均由两名评定员完成。RCT的结果并不一致,因为补充APOEε4的非携带者组在快速选择反应时间认知领域的表现较差,而携带者在推理领域的表现有所改善。与其他基因型的个体相比,APOEε4携带者补充组中DHA浓度的增加较低。此外,APOEε4非携带者补充EPA后,右侧海马体体积的下降幅度较小,而EPA浓度较高。不同研究的剂量和补充时间(18 个月)相似。总之,考虑到 APOEε4 等位基因的存在,补充 DHA 和 EPA 对认知变量没有实际影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of nutrition education on improving dietary diversity of children aged 6–23 months in Horo district, Oromia region, Ethiopia 营养教育对改善埃塞俄比亚奥罗莫地区霍罗县 6-23 个月儿童饮食多样性的影响
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200244
Gadise Adugna , Gudina Egata , Dinaol Abdissa Fufa , Derese Tamiru Desta

Background

Unmet minimum dietary diversity (MDD) feeding practices in poor nations place children at high risk of undernutrition and its related effects, which are far-reaching and difficult to correct later in life.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the effect of maternal nutrition education and another determinant on the dietary diversity of children aged 6–23 months.

Methods

A community-based cluster randomized trial study design was conducted from July 2019 to January 2020 in the Horo district. Twenty-three kebeles were assigned to two clusters. From two clusters, two kebeles were selected by simple random sampling. Two kebeles were assigned as intervention (150) and control (150) groups by the lottery method, at the end of the line as intervention (139) and control (137) groups. Simple random sampling techniques were used to select the study subjects. The nutrition education intervention, which lasted three months and consisted of eight sessions, was given to the intervention group, which was made up of mothers and other caregivers of children aged 6–23 months.

Data entry into Epi-data and analysis were done using IBM SPSS version 26 computer software. At a 95% confidence level, values with P ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. B-ivariable and multivariable conditional fixed-effect logistic regression analyses were done to identify the determinants of the dietary diversity score. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) were used to describe the strength and direction of the association.

Result

The result was that the proportion of children with a good dietary diversity score was 52 (34.7%) and 40 (26.7%) in the control group and intervention groups at baseline, respectively. Household food security [AOR = 4.06, 95% CI: (2.45, 6.73] and being in the intervention group [AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: (1.10, 3.29] were both positive predictors of the dietary diversity score, while maternal age (35–45 years) was a negative predictor.

Conclusion

At baseline, a high proportion of children aged 6–23 months did not receive the World Health Organization's minimum dietary diversity recommendation for both groups. The consumption of animal sources and vitamin-A-rich fruits and vegetables was poor among both groups. At the end of the day, after nutrition education, the dietary diversity score improved in the intervention groups but not in the control groups. New strategies and programs should be made at all levels to improve childhood nutritional status. This includes providing nutrition education for mothers aged between 35 and 45 years old.

背景贫穷国家未满足最低膳食多样性(MDD)的喂养方式使儿童面临营养不良及其相关影响的高风险,这些影响影响深远,且很难在以后的生活中加以纠正。方法2019年7月至2020年1月在霍罗区开展了一项基于社区的群组随机试验研究设计。23 个基贝被分配到两个群组。在两个群组中,通过简单随机抽样选取了两个区。通过抽签法将两个基带分配为干预组(150 个)和对照组(150 个),最后分配为干预组(139 个)和对照组(137 个)。研究采用简单随机抽样技术选取研究对象。干预组由 6-23 个月大儿童的母亲和其他看护者组成,他们接受了为期三个月、共八节课的营养教育干预。在 95% 的置信水平下,P ≤ 0.05 的值被认为具有统计学意义。B-变量和多变量条件固定效应逻辑回归分析用于确定膳食多样性得分的决定因素。P 值小于 0.05 的变量被认为具有统计学意义。结果显示,对照组和干预组基线时膳食多样性得分良好的儿童比例分别为 52(34.7%)和 40(26.7%)。家庭食品安全[AOR = 4.06,95% CI:(2.45,6.73)]和干预组[AOR = 1.90,95% CI:(1.10,3.29)]都是膳食多样性得分的正向预测因子,而母亲年龄(35-45 岁)则是负向预测因子。两组儿童的动物源性食物和富含维生素 A 的水果和蔬菜摄入量都很低。最后,在营养教育之后,干预组的膳食多样性得分有所提高,而对照组则没有。应在各个层面制定新的战略和计划,以改善儿童的营养状况。这包括为 35 至 45 岁的母亲提供营养教育。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the relationship between Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in a clinical-based sample of Vietnamese aged 20–50: A generalized linear regression analysis 评估以临床为基础的 20-50 岁越南人样本中身体质量指数与骨矿物质密度之间的关系:广义线性回归分析
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200241
Trong Hung Nguyen , Thi Thuy Bui , Quang Duc Tran , Thi Hang Diem , Tuyet Mai Truong , Hong Truong Nguyen , Danh Tuyen Le

Background

While some evidence has shown that the BMI component differentially influences bone mineral density (BMD), no studies have examined the association between BMI and BMD in Vietnamese adults. The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between BMI and BMD in relatively healthy Vietnamese adults. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, BMD results measured by DXA and risk factors associated with BMD were retrospectively obtained from the medical records of 333 customers at the National Institute of Nutrition, Vietnam. The customers (aged 20–50 years) underwent a nutrition evaluation and completed BMD examinations between January 1 and November 30, 2021. Osteopenia was defined as the BMD (Z-score) < -2. The correlation between BMI and BMD was analyzed using generalized linear regression. The study found that 7.7% of females and 4.6% of males had osteopenia at the lumbar spine, while 6.9% of females and 5.7% of males had osteopenia at the total hip. Our study discovered a significant relationship between BMI and normal BMD or osteopenia among both males and females, except for the lumbar spine in males. Notably, the results indicated that underweight individuals had a higher likelihood of developing osteopenia. Furthermore, the positive correlation between being overweight or obese and having a higher BMD was also confirmed.Our findings show that the BMI categories affect BMD differently and that being underweight increases the risk of osteopenia among 20-50-year-old Vietnamese. Therefore, we emphasize the need for a BMI-based pre-screening tool for osteopenia in this age group before the further examination.

背景虽然有证据表明体重指数(BMI)对骨质密度(BMD)有不同程度的影响,但还没有研究对越南成年人的体重指数(BMI)和骨质密度(BMD)之间的关系进行调查。本研究旨在探讨相对健康的越南成年人的体重指数与骨密度之间的关系。研究人员从越南国家营养研究所 333 名顾客的病历中回顾性地获取了人口统计学数据、人体测量数据、DXA 测量的 BMD 结果以及与 BMD 相关的风险因素。这些顾客(20-50 岁)在 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 11 月 30 日期间接受了营养评估并完成了 BMD 检查。骨质疏松的定义是 BMD(Z-score)< -2。采用广义线性回归分析了 BMI 与 BMD 之间的相关性。研究发现,7.7% 的女性和 4.6% 的男性腰椎骨质增生,6.9% 的女性和 5.7% 的男性全髋骨质增生。我们的研究发现,除男性腰椎骨质增生外,男性和女性的体重指数与骨密度正常或骨质增生之间均存在显著关系。值得注意的是,研究结果表明,体重过轻的人患骨质疏松症的可能性更高。此外,超重或肥胖与较高的 BMD 之间的正相关关系也得到了证实。我们的研究结果表明,BMI 类别对 BMD 的影响不同,体重不足会增加 20-50 岁越南人患骨质疏松症的风险。因此,我们强调,在进一步检查之前,有必要对这一年龄组的人进行基于体重指数的骨质疏松症预检。
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引用次数: 0
Intensive lifestyle intervention positively affects nonalcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score (NFS) and key metabolic parameters: A retrospective study 强化生活方式干预会对非酒精性脂肪肝纤维化评分(NFS)和主要代谢参数产生积极影响:一项回顾性研究
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200247
Benjamin Peter Michael Gummlich , Dirk Raddatz , Katja Susanne Claudia Gollisch

To date lifestyle intervention is the only proven therapy to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we retrospectively analyze the influence of a structured, multimodal 52-week lifestyle intervention program on NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) as a marker for liver fibrosis. At baseline, 16/47 subjects (34.0%) in our cohort displayed elevated NFS levels suggestive for advanced stages of liver fibrosis. Already after the initial 12-week hypocaloric fasting phase with a formula diet, this number decreased significantly and continued to decrease until the end of the program to 10/47 (21.3%). At baseline, 48.9% of the participants had impaired glucose metabolism, as defined by impaired fasting glucose, elevated HbA1c, or overt type 2 diabetes mellitus. This proportion reduced markedly to 31.9% by the end of the program. The proportion of advanced stages of liver fibrosis was especially high in the subgroup of participants with impaired glucose metabolism. This group particularly benefited from the lifestyle intervention program in terms of their NFS. The present study demonstrates that participants of structured multimodal lifestyle intervention programs with formula diets can significantly improve their metabolic parameters, such as body weight, fasting glucose, HbA1c, and lipids, and substantially reduce their risk of advanced liver fibrosis. Primary care providers must be aware of the close link between impaired glucose metabolism and increased liver-related risk and refer their metabolically ill patients to effective programs.

迄今为止,生活方式干预是治疗非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的唯一行之有效的疗法。在本研究中,我们回顾性分析了为期 52 周的结构化多模式生活方式干预计划对作为肝纤维化标志的非酒精性脂肪肝纤维化评分(NFS)的影响。基线时,我们队列中的 16/47 例受试者(34.0%)显示出升高的 NFS 水平,提示肝纤维化已进入晚期。在最初的 12 周低热量禁食配方饮食阶段后,这一数字已显著下降,并持续到计划结束,降至 10/47 人(21.3%)。在基线阶段,48.9% 的参与者患有糖代谢受损,即空腹血糖受损、HbA1c 升高或明显的 2 型糖尿病。计划结束时,这一比例明显降低至 31.9%。在糖代谢受损的参与者分组中,肝纤维化晚期的比例尤其高。这部分人从生活方式干预计划中获益尤为明显。本研究表明,采用配方饮食的结构化多模式生活方式干预计划的参与者可以显著改善体重、空腹血糖、HbA1c 和血脂等代谢指标,并大大降低晚期肝纤维化的风险。初级医疗服务提供者必须意识到糖代谢受损与肝脏相关风险增加之间的密切联系,并将代谢病患者转介到有效的计划中。
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引用次数: 0
Compliance with Iron-Folic Acid supplementation, associated factors, and barriers among postpartum women in Eastern India 印度东部产后妇女补充铁-叶酸的依从性、相关因素和障碍
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2023.200237
Moonjelly Vijayan Smitha , Indumathi P , Saswati Parichha , Sandhya Kullu , Sanchari Roy , Sapana Gurjar , Sapna Meena

Background

Anemia is a widespread health issue that affects approximately one-third of women of reproductive age in developing countries. While anemia during pregnancy is adequately addressed, it is often overlooked postpartum. This study aimed to determine the compliance with and barriers to Iron-Folic Acid supplementation (IFA) and its associated factors.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 postpartum women who met the inclusion criteria. These women were interviewed to assess their compliance with and barriers to IFA supplementation.

Results

Only 20.80 % of participants complied with IFA supplementation after childbirth, compared to 56.8 % who were compliant during pregnancy. The primary reason for noncompliance with IFA supplementation was a lack of counseling (93.5 %) by healthcare workers, forgetfulness (23.6 %), and bloating (30.8 %). Other barriers included a lack of awareness, sociocultural barriers, healthcare-related barriers, side effects, and misconceptions. Postnatal women aged 19–35 with obstetrical complications and who maintained Mother Child Protection cards were more likely to comply with IFA supplements.

Conclusion

Poor compliance with IFA supplementation reflects gross negligence of self-health care during the postpartum period, which can have long-term deleterious consequences on the mother's and her baby's health. Healthcare providers must deliver quality education, screen and monitor for anemia, and follow up on IFA supplementation to address the barrier postnatal women face. This can be achieved through culturally acceptable, comprehensive, and context-specific strategies.

背景贫血是一个普遍的健康问题,影响着发展中国家约三分之一的育龄妇女。虽然孕期贫血问题已得到充分解决,但产后贫血问题却常常被忽视。本研究旨在确定补充铁-叶酸(IFA)的依从性和障碍及其相关因素。 研究方法 对 312 名符合纳入标准的产后妇女进行了横断面研究。结果只有 20.80% 的参与者在产后坚持补充叶酸,而在孕期坚持补充叶酸的比例为 56.8%。不补充 IFA 的主要原因是缺乏医护人员的指导(93.5%)、健忘(23.6%)和腹胀(30.8%)。其他障碍包括缺乏认识、社会文化障碍、医疗相关障碍、副作用和误解。有产科并发症且持有母婴保护卡的 19-35 岁产后妇女更有可能遵守补充 IFA 的规定。医护人员必须提供优质教育,筛查和监测贫血情况,并跟踪 IFA 补充情况,以解决产后妇女面临的障碍。这可以通过文化上可接受的、全面的和针对具体情况的策略来实现。
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引用次数: 0
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Human Nutrition and Metabolism
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