Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352246
D.T.W. Lin
The flow of the body fluid in the bio-chip and local metabolism require general solutions for the thermally developing flow model in bio-tissue. An algorithm based on the molecular dynamics (MD) and the GROMACS protein data bank is developed to solve the thermally developing bio-flow problem. The flow of the Alanine in the nano-channel driven by a constant external force and applied the thermal boundary are studied. Both global effect (effective channel width) and local effect (thermal boundary) are examined to demonstrate the features of the distributions of velocity in the system. This algorithm can be applied in the design of bio-chip's channel and the building of fundamental phenomena of the burn or frostbite.
{"title":"A Molecular Dynamics on the Thermally Developing Flow of Alanine in Nano-Channel","authors":"D.T.W. Lin","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352246","url":null,"abstract":"The flow of the body fluid in the bio-chip and local metabolism require general solutions for the thermally developing flow model in bio-tissue. An algorithm based on the molecular dynamics (MD) and the GROMACS protein data bank is developed to solve the thermally developing bio-flow problem. The flow of the Alanine in the nano-channel driven by a constant external force and applied the thermal boundary are studied. Both global effect (effective channel width) and local effect (thermal boundary) are examined to demonstrate the features of the distributions of velocity in the system. This algorithm can be applied in the design of bio-chip's channel and the building of fundamental phenomena of the burn or frostbite.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126241504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352264
Y. Miyoshi, T. Tkeuchi, T. Saito, H. Saito, H. Kudo, K. Otsuka, K. Mitsubayashi
An electric conductimetric sensor (thickness: 80 mum) constructed in a sandwich configuration with a hydrophilic poly-tetrafluoroethylene membrane placed between two gold deposited layers was evaluated for use as a moisture sensor. The humidity level was measured by electrical conductivity of the device using the multifrequency LCR-meter at frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 100 k Hz, the device was calibrated at 100 Hz against the moisture air over the range of 30 - 85 % RH, which includes normal humidity level in the atmosphere and physiologic air such as breath and sweating. The response sensitivity of the conductimetric device was extremely high (i.e. less than 1 sec. for conductivity shift between humid air of 80 % RH and dried air of -60 degC dew point) even for recovery to dried air. The sensor performance was reproducible over multiple measurements, showing the highly reproducibility with a coefficient of variation of 1.77 % (n = 5).
{"title":"A wearable humidity sensor with hydrophilic membrane by Soft-MEMS techniques","authors":"Y. Miyoshi, T. Tkeuchi, T. Saito, H. Saito, H. Kudo, K. Otsuka, K. Mitsubayashi","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352264","url":null,"abstract":"An electric conductimetric sensor (thickness: 80 mum) constructed in a sandwich configuration with a hydrophilic poly-tetrafluoroethylene membrane placed between two gold deposited layers was evaluated for use as a moisture sensor. The humidity level was measured by electrical conductivity of the device using the multifrequency LCR-meter at frequencies ranging from 100 Hz to 100 k Hz, the device was calibrated at 100 Hz against the moisture air over the range of 30 - 85 % RH, which includes normal humidity level in the atmosphere and physiologic air such as breath and sweating. The response sensitivity of the conductimetric device was extremely high (i.e. less than 1 sec. for conductivity shift between humid air of 80 % RH and dried air of -60 degC dew point) even for recovery to dried air. The sensor performance was reproducible over multiple measurements, showing the highly reproducibility with a coefficient of variation of 1.77 % (n = 5).","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"457 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122893406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352019
Jihyum Shin, S. Tanaka, M. Esashi
This paper reports the first result of press molding of Pyrex glass using a silicon carbide (SiC) mold with nanopatterns. First, the nanopatterns were formed on a silicon substrate by electron beam lithography and fast atom beam (FAB) etching. To transfer these patterns to SiC, SiC was deposited on the patterned silicon substrate, and the SiC surface was polished to mirror finish. Subsequently, a SiC ceramic plate was bonded to the polished SiC surface using sputter deposited nickel as an interlayer. Finally, the silicon substrate was etched to release the SiC mold. Using the fabricated SiC molds without an anti-sticking layer, we succeeded in press-molding Pyrex glass (Corning 7740) at 800 degC. In this process, we found surface roughening problem, which occurs in SiC atmospheric vapor deposition on FAB-etched areas. This is due to damage in silicon by FAB, and enhanced under the existence of surface natural oxide.
{"title":"Nanostructured Silicon Carbide Molds for Glass Press Molding","authors":"Jihyum Shin, S. Tanaka, M. Esashi","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352019","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the first result of press molding of Pyrex glass using a silicon carbide (SiC) mold with nanopatterns. First, the nanopatterns were formed on a silicon substrate by electron beam lithography and fast atom beam (FAB) etching. To transfer these patterns to SiC, SiC was deposited on the patterned silicon substrate, and the SiC surface was polished to mirror finish. Subsequently, a SiC ceramic plate was bonded to the polished SiC surface using sputter deposited nickel as an interlayer. Finally, the silicon substrate was etched to release the SiC mold. Using the fabricated SiC molds without an anti-sticking layer, we succeeded in press-molding Pyrex glass (Corning 7740) at 800 degC. In this process, we found surface roughening problem, which occurs in SiC atmospheric vapor deposition on FAB-etched areas. This is due to damage in silicon by FAB, and enhanced under the existence of surface natural oxide.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123031202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352229
V. Sudha Rani, C.O. Kim, B. Parvatheeswara Rao, S. Yoon, Cheolgi Kim
Electrodeposited Co nanowires were grown on self assembled diblock copolymer nanoporous templates. While keeping the template pore size and electrolyte pH value constant at 13.7 nm and 3.82, respectively, the DC current density (5 mA/cm2 and 50 mA/cm2) and time of deposition (50s, 100s, 150s and 200s) were varied as an attempt to obtain nanowires of varied aspect ratios and morphologies. It was observed that height of the nanowire linearly enhances with the time of the electrodeposition. SEM images of the samples indicate that the template pores were completely filled during deposition when the current density was set 50 mA/cm2. Excess times of deposition produced a thin layer of the deposited material on top of the porous template. Magnetic hysteresis properties of the generated nanowires were examined by vibration sample magnetometry. The loops displayed are highly square with coercivities of few tens of oersteds. The magnetization of the Co nanowires enhances as the height of the wires increases. The results were analyzed to understand the influence of current density on the growth of nanowires.
{"title":"Fabrication of Nanowire Arrays Using Diblock Copolymer","authors":"V. Sudha Rani, C.O. Kim, B. Parvatheeswara Rao, S. Yoon, Cheolgi Kim","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352229","url":null,"abstract":"Electrodeposited Co nanowires were grown on self assembled diblock copolymer nanoporous templates. While keeping the template pore size and electrolyte pH value constant at 13.7 nm and 3.82, respectively, the DC current density (5 mA/cm2 and 50 mA/cm2) and time of deposition (50s, 100s, 150s and 200s) were varied as an attempt to obtain nanowires of varied aspect ratios and morphologies. It was observed that height of the nanowire linearly enhances with the time of the electrodeposition. SEM images of the samples indicate that the template pores were completely filled during deposition when the current density was set 50 mA/cm2. Excess times of deposition produced a thin layer of the deposited material on top of the porous template. Magnetic hysteresis properties of the generated nanowires were examined by vibration sample magnetometry. The loops displayed are highly square with coercivities of few tens of oersteds. The magnetization of the Co nanowires enhances as the height of the wires increases. The results were analyzed to understand the influence of current density on the growth of nanowires.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127015465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352162
Takeshi Kawano, C. Y. Cho, Liwei Lin
This paper reports a 10-nm in diameter nanoprobe electrode made of carbon nanotube (CNT) for possible electrophysiological measurements for biomedical applications. The nanoprobe is based on an individual carbon nanotube fabricated by a controlled local growth process and subsequently encapsulated with an insulating layer of Parylene-C. It is integrated with a silicon microstructure with a total length of 5mum and its tip at the distal end is locally heated to expose about 100nm-long CNT as the sensing port. We believe this nano scale CNT probe, with its high strength and Young's modulus, may act as a low-invasive intracellular electrode for measurements inside cells or neurons.
{"title":"Carbon Nanotube-based Nanoprobe Electrode","authors":"Takeshi Kawano, C. Y. Cho, Liwei Lin","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352162","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a 10-nm in diameter nanoprobe electrode made of carbon nanotube (CNT) for possible electrophysiological measurements for biomedical applications. The nanoprobe is based on an individual carbon nanotube fabricated by a controlled local growth process and subsequently encapsulated with an insulating layer of Parylene-C. It is integrated with a silicon microstructure with a total length of 5mum and its tip at the distal end is locally heated to expose about 100nm-long CNT as the sensing port. We believe this nano scale CNT probe, with its high strength and Young's modulus, may act as a low-invasive intracellular electrode for measurements inside cells or neurons.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130208945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.351970
F. Arai, M. Nagai, A. Shimizu, A. Ishijima, T. Fukuda
The paper demonstrates visualization method of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in water with fluorescent microscopy through quenching effect that cause a decrease of fluorescent intensity around CNTs. Reversal contrast in fluorescence imaging of the CNTs was observed in fluorescent dye solution. CNTs under a constant excitation light could be observed for more than ten minutes. Dielectrophoretic force was used for CNTs deposition onto electrodes that consist of transparent conductive film. Scanning electron microscope revealed that CNTs of 80 nm in diameter were observed with fluorescent microscopy. The positions of the CNTs tips were observed under optical microscope. It can be applied for biological sensing devices with nanomanipulation.
{"title":"Fluorescence Visualization of Carbon Nanotubes Using Quenching Effect for Nanomanipulation","authors":"F. Arai, M. Nagai, A. Shimizu, A. Ishijima, T. Fukuda","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.351970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.351970","url":null,"abstract":"The paper demonstrates visualization method of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in water with fluorescent microscopy through quenching effect that cause a decrease of fluorescent intensity around CNTs. Reversal contrast in fluorescence imaging of the CNTs was observed in fluorescent dye solution. CNTs under a constant excitation light could be observed for more than ten minutes. Dielectrophoretic force was used for CNTs deposition onto electrodes that consist of transparent conductive film. Scanning electron microscope revealed that CNTs of 80 nm in diameter were observed with fluorescent microscopy. The positions of the CNTs tips were observed under optical microscope. It can be applied for biological sensing devices with nanomanipulation.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"35 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114022653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352265
S. D. Hutagalung, K. A. Yaacob, R. Tan
The silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were growth on Si(100) surface by electroless metal deposition in ionic metal hydro fluoric solution. The growth mechanisms of SiNWs were analyzed on the basis of a self-assembled localized microscopic electrochemical model through selective etching on the silicon substrate. From AFM and FESEM images were found that orientation of SiNWs is perpendicular to the surface of silicon. SiNWs have been grown significant in vertical and one dimensional (ID) direction. The diameter of the wire is less than 100 nm which is dependent of the surrounding pores size due to etching process. The average roughness of 132.1 nm was obtained from AFM image, as well as the peak-to-valley roughness takes value of up to 911.7 nm. On the other sample was found that the peak-to-valley roughness of a selected area of surface up to 3.183 mum obtained by NC-AFM image analysis.
{"title":"Morphology of Silicon Nanowires Grown on Si(100) Substrate","authors":"S. D. Hutagalung, K. A. Yaacob, R. Tan","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352265","url":null,"abstract":"The silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were growth on Si(100) surface by electroless metal deposition in ionic metal hydro fluoric solution. The growth mechanisms of SiNWs were analyzed on the basis of a self-assembled localized microscopic electrochemical model through selective etching on the silicon substrate. From AFM and FESEM images were found that orientation of SiNWs is perpendicular to the surface of silicon. SiNWs have been grown significant in vertical and one dimensional (ID) direction. The diameter of the wire is less than 100 nm which is dependent of the surrounding pores size due to etching process. The average roughness of 132.1 nm was obtained from AFM image, as well as the peak-to-valley roughness takes value of up to 911.7 nm. On the other sample was found that the peak-to-valley roughness of a selected area of surface up to 3.183 mum obtained by NC-AFM image analysis.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129344319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352070
A. Ramadan, K. Inoue, T. Arai, T. Takubo, T. Tanikawa
This paper presents the analysis and design optimization of a new compact and yet economical micro-nano two-fingered manipulator hand. The proposed manipulator hand consists of two series modules; upper and lower module. Each module consists of a parallel kinematics chain with a glass pipette of 3 to 10 cm length as an end effector. It is driven by three piezoelectric actuated prismatic joints in each of the three legs of the kinematics chain. Each leg of the kinematics chain has the structure of prismatic-revolute-socket ball (PRS) joints structure. As the length of the glass pipette end effector is decreased, the resolution and accuracy of the micro-nano manipulator hand is increased. A new solution for the problem of inverse kinematics is obtained. Based on this solution, a simulation program has been developed to optimally choose the design parameters of each module so that the manipulator have a maximum workspace volume. Also the manipulator hand is small in size due to the proposed architecture.
{"title":"New Design of a Compact Parallel Micro-Nano Two-Fingered Manipulator Hand","authors":"A. Ramadan, K. Inoue, T. Arai, T. Takubo, T. Tanikawa","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352070","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the analysis and design optimization of a new compact and yet economical micro-nano two-fingered manipulator hand. The proposed manipulator hand consists of two series modules; upper and lower module. Each module consists of a parallel kinematics chain with a glass pipette of 3 to 10 cm length as an end effector. It is driven by three piezoelectric actuated prismatic joints in each of the three legs of the kinematics chain. Each leg of the kinematics chain has the structure of prismatic-revolute-socket ball (PRS) joints structure. As the length of the glass pipette end effector is decreased, the resolution and accuracy of the micro-nano manipulator hand is increased. A new solution for the problem of inverse kinematics is obtained. Based on this solution, a simulation program has been developed to optimally choose the design parameters of each module so that the manipulator have a maximum workspace volume. Also the manipulator hand is small in size due to the proposed architecture.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128758102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352257
E. Oiller, L. Duraffourg, M. Delaye, H. Grange, S. Deneuville, J. Bernos, R. Dianoux, F. Marchi, D. Renaud, T. Baron, P. Andreucci, P. Robert
The paper presents thin SOI NEMS structures for accelerometers based on thin SOI technology and compatible with "in-IC" integration. Modeling of Casimir force, design of accelerometers, improvement of hybrid e-beam/DUV lithography and FH-vapor release, development of specific AFM characterizations have allowed to fabricate NEMS devices and to provide AFM characterizations.
{"title":"NEMS Devices for Accelerometers Compatible with Thin SOI Technology","authors":"E. Oiller, L. Duraffourg, M. Delaye, H. Grange, S. Deneuville, J. Bernos, R. Dianoux, F. Marchi, D. Renaud, T. Baron, P. Andreucci, P. Robert","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352257","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents thin SOI NEMS structures for accelerometers based on thin SOI technology and compatible with \"in-IC\" integration. Modeling of Casimir force, design of accelerometers, improvement of hybrid e-beam/DUV lithography and FH-vapor release, development of specific AFM characterizations have allowed to fabricate NEMS devices and to provide AFM characterizations.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129133115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-23DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2007.352073
Yujun Zhang, Fengfu Li, Lei Li, Li-jun Dai
A novel ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC), based on EVOH-SPEG ionomer synthesized by sulfonilication of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) grafted 2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethanol (C4H9O2Cl) or 2-[2-(2-chloroethxy) ethoxyl ethanol (C6H13O3Cl) with 1, 3-propane sultone, has been prepared through electroless deposition of platinum on the bare polymer film. Based upon linear irreversible thermodynamics and cantilever beam model, the theoretical formula of IPMC actuation critical response voltage (UC) was set up. And the UC of IPMC based on different side chain length EVOH-SPEG were calculated with the intercept method and the theoretical formula, with the help of the IPMC tip force (FT) experiment. The calculated UC value was accordance with the influence of polymer structure and ionic conductivity on IPMC actuation critical response voltage, and there is a deviation between the UCobtained with intercept method and calculated by theoretical formula. As the theoretical principle, the UC theoretical formula could be used for analyzing the influence of polymer intrinsic characteristic on the actuation of IPMC material.
{"title":"Investigations on Actuation Critical Response Voltage for IPMC Based on Modified EVOH lonomer","authors":"Yujun Zhang, Fengfu Li, Lei Li, Li-jun Dai","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2007.352073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2007.352073","url":null,"abstract":"A novel ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC), based on EVOH-SPEG ionomer synthesized by sulfonilication of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) grafted 2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethanol (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Cl) or 2-[2-(2-chloroethxy) ethoxyl ethanol (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>13</sub>O<sub>3</sub>Cl) with 1, 3-propane sultone, has been prepared through electroless deposition of platinum on the bare polymer film. Based upon linear irreversible thermodynamics and cantilever beam model, the theoretical formula of IPMC actuation critical response voltage (U<sub>C</sub>) was set up. And the U<sub>C</sub> of IPMC based on different side chain length EVOH-SPEG were calculated with the intercept method and the theoretical formula, with the help of the IPMC tip force (F<sub>T</sub>) experiment. The calculated U<sub>C</sub> value was accordance with the influence of polymer structure and ionic conductivity on IPMC actuation critical response voltage, and there is a deviation between the U<sub>C</sub>obtained with intercept method and calculated by theoretical formula. As the theoretical principle, the U<sub>C</sub> theoretical formula could be used for analyzing the influence of polymer intrinsic characteristic on the actuation of IPMC material.","PeriodicalId":364039,"journal":{"name":"2007 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117022967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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