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2004 Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Workshop Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.04EX846)最新文献

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Learning software agent design for semiconductor tool group dispatching 半导体工具组调度学习软件代理设计
Shi-Chung Chang, Yu-Ting Lin, Yi-Ju Chang, Shy-Kang Jeng, B. Hsieh
AbsiracfGExploiting the knowledge-based sofmare agent technology, this paper presents a design and its prototype implementation for learning agent-based semiconductor tool group dispatching. Core to the agent-based dispatching are decision and sequence tree-bused howledge representation models, the learning and acquisition mechanisms of dispatching policy and integration with fab information system and management. Protofype implementation and test experiments over an industry compatible environment demonstrate both feasibility and potential effectiveness of the learning sofmare agent to support tool group dispatching.
摘要利用基于知识的软件代理技术,提出了一种基于学习代理的半导体工具组调度系统的设计和原型实现。智能体调度的核心是基于决策树和序列树的知识表示模型、调度策略的学习和获取机制以及与工厂信息系统和管理的集成。在工业兼容环境下的原型实现和测试实验证明了学习软件代理支持工具组调度的可行性和潜在有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Defect tool monitoring of process equipment by AIT fusion AIT融合对工艺设备缺陷工具的监控
L. Lin, F. Kuo, C. Lee, C. Broughton, R. Yang, J. Liao, J. Wang
PowerChip (PSC) Fab 12A is a newly built 300 mm DRAM fab in Taiwan. PSC Fab 12A has identified that blank wafer defect monitoring is not adequate at 300 mm due to high test wafer cost and reduced process tool productivity. Aditionally, integration defects and some tool-induced defects do not occur on blank test wafers. For these reasons PSC 12A wanted to investigate using patterned product wafers for tool monitoring. This work describes how a patterned wafer tool monitor method was implemented for ion implantation process tools using a KLA-Tencor AIT fusion darkfield defect inspection tool. The method included the use of automatic defect classification (iADC) to provide high signal to noise for the defects of interest.
PowerChip (PSC) Fab 12A是在台湾新建的300毫米DRAM晶圆厂。PSC Fab 12A已经确定,由于高测试晶圆成本和工艺工具生产率降低,在300毫米的空白晶圆缺陷监测是不够的。此外,集成缺陷和一些工具缺陷不会发生在空白测试晶圆上。由于这些原因,PSC 12A希望研究使用图案产品晶圆进行工具监控。这项工作描述了如何使用KLA-Tencor AIT融合暗场缺陷检测工具实现离子注入过程工具的图案晶圆工具监测方法。该方法包括使用自动缺陷分类(iADC)为感兴趣的缺陷提供高噪声信号。
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引用次数: 0
Risk management strategy for semiconductor fabs - started from game theory 半导体晶圆厂的风险管理策略——从博弈论出发
E. Liu, Chun-Cheng Yi
The ever changing and the more competitive hi-tech environment, the business units always have the profit and product as first priority. But normally the wishes are not always come true, some outrages can prohibit the managers to reach their business goal. One of the example is the semiconductor business are very good in 1999. No one will expect that there will be a power outage (once in a 10 years Taipower history in Hsin Chu area). The following is the 100 years catastrophic earthquake in September 21. Around the world, there are lots of catastrophic events like Iraq wars, 911 terrorist attack and nature disaster, which might impact the business. The question that is raised by senior managers is: (1) are the events predictable? (2) any strategies to control the damages? (3) does the events cause crisis or opportunity? This work discusses game theory developed by John Von Neumman and Oskar Morgenstern on the strategic management to combine with the theory of risk management to see any opportunity that a business can turn the risk into opportunity. The game theory includes: (1) how to be insight in the chaos (2) decision model in the uncertainty (3) cost-effectiveness analysis in the risk control. Four risk management strategies are adopted as (1) risk avoidance (2) risk mitigation (3) risk transfer and (4) risk reduction are assessed in different scenarios by using the game theory. It is a new logic regarding to implement the strategic management methodology in risk management which intend to help senior managers to use their business habit which include concerns of the risk in their decision making process. And the paper will provide some ideas of planning and implementation of the risk management strategies in the decision making process.
在瞬息万变、竞争日益激烈的高科技环境中,各业务单位始终把利润和产品放在第一位。但通常情况下,愿望并不总是成真,一些暴行可能会阻止管理者实现他们的商业目标。其中一个例子是1999年的半导体业务非常好。没有人会想到会有停电(新竹地区10年台湾电力历史上只有一次)。以下是9月21日发生的百年一遇的大地震。在世界范围内,有很多灾难性的事件,如伊拉克战争,911恐怖袭击和自然灾害,这可能会影响业务。高级管理人员提出的问题是:(1)事件是否可预测?(2)有控制损害的策略吗?(3)事件带来的是危机还是机遇?本著作讨论了约翰·冯·诺伊曼和奥斯卡·摩根斯坦关于战略管理的博弈论,将其与风险管理理论相结合,看到企业可以将风险转化为机会的任何机会。博弈论包括:(1)如何在混沌中洞察;(2)不确定性中的决策模型;(3)风险控制中的成本效益分析。运用博弈论对不同情景下的风险管理策略(1)风险规避(2)风险缓解(3)风险转移(4)风险降低进行了评估。在风险管理中实施战略管理方法是一种新的逻辑,旨在帮助高级管理人员在决策过程中使用他们的商业习惯,其中包括对风险的关注。并对风险管理策略在决策过程中的规划和实施提供一些思路。
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引用次数: 1
Study of junction leakage caused by cobalt silicide defects 硅化钴缺陷引起结漏的研究
L. Wang, B. Bridgman, G. Klein, Liying Wu, J. Darilek
We observed junction leakage caused by cobalt silicide defects in high-density and high-performance VLSI semiconductor production. We found the cobalt silicide defects were formed due to a small amount of oxygen present during the cobalt silicide film formation. Strict control of silicide process to prevent cobalt silicide formation in the presence of oxygen has effectively reduced the defects and improved shallow junction leakage characteristics.
我们观察到了高密度高性能超大规模集成电路半导体生产中硅化钴缺陷引起的结漏。我们发现硅化钴缺陷是由于在硅化钴薄膜形成过程中存在少量氧气而形成的。严格控制硅化工艺,防止在氧气存在下形成硅化钴,有效地减少了缺陷,改善了浅结漏电特性。
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引用次数: 1
Metal corrosion and passivation swelling defect study of ultra low pattern density thick metal etch process 超低图案密度厚金属蚀刻工艺中金属腐蚀与钝化膨胀缺陷的研究
F. Chang, Hsien-Ching Huang, Szu-Hung Yang, S. Kuo
In thick metal process with ultra low pattern density, the defined metal line easily suffered metal corrosion defect and passivation swelling defect (can not detect Cl element) issue. Poor metal sidewall profile or the profile with much polymer remaining was the suspected root cause of metal corrosion defect. The defect showed the reliability concern, so an improved method was necessary to reduce the defect. For improving the corrosion defect, dry etch recipe and strip procedure optimization showed be the solution to reduce the defect. Dry etch recipe was the major focus because the evidence showed poor sidewall profile would trap more polymer by-product. Thus, dry etch recipe developing specially focused on metal sidewall profile improvement and polymer by-product reduction. The optimized etch recipe passed corrosion test, even at high RF hours of dry etchers. Optical microscope inspection also couldn't detect any swelling defect. All testing items including WAT (wafer acceptance test) and yield got comparable or even better result to the condition before improvement. The paper mainly described how to improve metal corrosion and passivation swelling defect. It also provided some hints to understand the two kinds of defects further.
在超低图案密度的厚金属工艺中,确定的金属线容易出现金属腐蚀缺陷和钝化膨胀缺陷(无法检测到Cl元素)问题。不良的金属侧壁轮廓或残留大量聚合物的轮廓被怀疑是金属腐蚀缺陷的根本原因。缺陷体现了可靠性问题,因此需要改进方法来减少缺陷。为改善腐蚀缺陷,优化干蚀配方和带式工艺是减少腐蚀缺陷的有效途径。干蚀刻配方是主要的焦点,因为有证据表明,较差的侧壁轮廓会捕获更多的聚合物副产品。因此,干式蚀刻配方的开发特别注重金属侧壁轮廓的改善和聚合物副产物的减少。优化后的蚀刻配方通过了腐蚀测试,即使在高射频小时的干燥蚀刻器。光学显微镜检查也未发现任何肿胀缺陷。包括WAT(晶圆验收测试)和良率在内的所有测试项目与改进前的情况相当甚至更好。本文主要论述了如何改善金属的腐蚀和钝化膨胀缺陷。为进一步理解这两种缺陷提供了一些提示。
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引用次数: 1
The outsourcing of SoC product development: Taiwan as the global center for SoC implementation SoC产品开发外包:台湾作为全球SoC实施中心
D. Yang
Observation and analysis of the global IC industrial evolution indicates good opportunity for Taiwan to become the SoC implementation center in the world to meet the emerging demand for outsourcing of SoC products and solutions-to leverage and to follow the success of IC/PC manufacturing outsourcing business in Taiwan.
透过对全球IC产业演进的观察与分析,可以发现台湾借由IC/PC制造外包业务的成功,成为全球SoC实施中心,以满足SoC产品与解决方案外包的新兴需求。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient yield enhancement from inline defect control and in-situ advanced process control 通过在线缺陷控制和现场先进工艺控制有效提高良率
Yi-Ko-Chen, S. Tso, Chung-I Chang, Tings Wang
Defects coming from backend metal process always impact device yield seriously, and it is hard to be repaired in the DRAM manufacturing. A good inline monitor mechanism is a key factor to have a fast and stable yield improvement. Most of defect monitors take measurements on some major process layers, due to the limit capacity of inspection tool and cost issue. Sampling monitor has a potential risk to miss some killer defect and cause yield drop. How to effectively find the killer and use an inline monitor mechanism to stop the impact tool or process is very important. This work addresses how to use the defect sampling inspection to control well the metal layer baseline defect and combine with the inline advanced process control (APC) mechanism to in-situ control the killer defects on the non-sampled wafer or non-monitored layer.
在DRAM制造中,后端金属工艺产生的缺陷严重影响器件良率,且难以修复。良好的在线监控机制是成品率快速稳定提高的关键因素。由于检测工具的能力和成本的限制,大多数缺陷监控都是在一些主要的工艺层上进行测量的。抽样监控器存在漏检致命缺陷导致成品率下降的潜在风险。如何有效地找到杀手,并使用内联监控机制来停止影响工具或进程是非常重要的。本文研究了如何利用缺陷取样检测来控制金属层的基线缺陷,并结合在线先进过程控制(APC)机制对非取样晶圆或非监测层上的致命缺陷进行原位控制。
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引用次数: 0
An effective one-trap-level CAD model for the general SOC integration platform - particle-beam stand (PBS) - when modeling proton-caused local semi-insulating regions 一种适用于SOC集成平台的有效的单阱级CAD模型——粒子束架(PBS),用于对质子引起的局部半绝缘区域进行建模
C. Liao, T. Duh, T. Yang, S. Lan, C.W. Liu, T.T. Yang, J. Hsu, H.Y. Shao
A /spl pi/ technology (= particle-enhanced isolation) was proposed to employ energetic proton beams on the already-manufactured mixed-mode IC wafers (prior to packaging) for the suppression of undesirable substrate coupling (C. P. Liao et al., April 4, 2000). However, up to this day the physics behind this proton-caused defect phase is never clear. An effective 1-level defect model is constructed using experimental results and existing single-trap-level theory (Moll J. L. 1964) and TRIM (or SRIM) (http://www.srim.org/) code-simulated parameters. The found effective single trap level (E/spl tau/) is at about +0.24 eV in n-Si and at -0.34 eV in p-Si, measuring from the center of the energy band-gap.
A /spl pi/技术(=粒子增强隔离)被提议在已经制造的混合模式IC晶圆上(在封装之前)使用高能质子束来抑制不良的衬底耦合(c.p. Liao等人,2000年4月4日)。然而,直到今天,质子引起的缺陷阶段背后的物理原理还不清楚。利用实验结果和现有的单阱级理论(Moll J. L. 1964)以及TRIM(或SRIM) (http://www.srim.org/)代码模拟参数,构建了有效的一级缺陷模型。发现的有效单阱能级(E/spl tau/)在n-Si中约为+0.24 eV,在p-Si中约为-0.34 eV,从能带隙中心测量。
{"title":"An effective one-trap-level CAD model for the general SOC integration platform - particle-beam stand (PBS) - when modeling proton-caused local semi-insulating regions","authors":"C. Liao, T. Duh, T. Yang, S. Lan, C.W. Liu, T.T. Yang, J. Hsu, H.Y. Shao","doi":"10.1109/SMTW.2004.1393756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMTW.2004.1393756","url":null,"abstract":"A /spl pi/ technology (= particle-enhanced isolation) was proposed to employ energetic proton beams on the already-manufactured mixed-mode IC wafers (prior to packaging) for the suppression of undesirable substrate coupling (C. P. Liao et al., April 4, 2000). However, up to this day the physics behind this proton-caused defect phase is never clear. An effective 1-level defect model is constructed using experimental results and existing single-trap-level theory (Moll J. L. 1964) and TRIM (or SRIM) (http://www.srim.org/) code-simulated parameters. The found effective single trap level (E/spl tau/) is at about +0.24 eV in n-Si and at -0.34 eV in p-Si, measuring from the center of the energy band-gap.","PeriodicalId":369092,"journal":{"name":"2004 Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Workshop Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.04EX846)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115243959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An optical interference model to analyze interferometry endpoint signal for process control of polysilicon gate etch 一种用于多晶硅栅极蚀刻过程控制的干涉测量端点信号分析的光学干涉模型
L. Hsu
In case of plasma etch for hard mask dual-doped polysilicon gate application, interferometry endpoint (IEP) technique provided additional margin for protecting the thin gate dielectric as opposed to optical emission spectroscopy (OES) method. This article proposed a theoretical model to simulate the interferometric signal for the etching process control. A good correlation was found between the fitting data and practical IEP signal. This model would be helpful to analyze the potential incoming variations that might affect the endpoint control. The presence of underlaying field oxide in device wafer could be a dominant factor to shift the IEP curve.
对于硬掩膜双掺杂多晶硅栅极应用的等离子蚀刻,相对于光发射光谱(OES)方法,干涉测量终点(IEP)技术为保护薄栅极电介质提供了额外的裕度。本文提出了一种用于蚀刻过程控制的干涉信号模拟的理论模型。拟合数据与实际IEP信号具有良好的相关性。该模型将有助于分析可能影响端点控制的潜在传入变化。器件晶圆中衬底场氧化物的存在可能是影响IEP曲线位移的主要因素。
{"title":"An optical interference model to analyze interferometry endpoint signal for process control of polysilicon gate etch","authors":"L. Hsu","doi":"10.1109/SMTW.2004.1393740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMTW.2004.1393740","url":null,"abstract":"In case of plasma etch for hard mask dual-doped polysilicon gate application, interferometry endpoint (IEP) technique provided additional margin for protecting the thin gate dielectric as opposed to optical emission spectroscopy (OES) method. This article proposed a theoretical model to simulate the interferometric signal for the etching process control. A good correlation was found between the fitting data and practical IEP signal. This model would be helpful to analyze the potential incoming variations that might affect the endpoint control. The presence of underlaying field oxide in device wafer could be a dominant factor to shift the IEP curve.","PeriodicalId":369092,"journal":{"name":"2004 Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Workshop Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.04EX846)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128175107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Selectivity investigation of HfO/sub 2/ to oxide using wet etching 湿法蚀刻研究HfO/sub /对氧化物的选择性
T. Kang, Chih-Cheng Wang, B. Tsui, Yuan-Hsin Li
Experiments indicate that higher HfO/sub 2//oxide etching selectivity in IPA/HF solution as compared to DI water/HF solution. Although DI water/HF solution is acceptable for some HfO/sub 2/ and CVD oxide films, from an integration point of view, the process window is smaller than IPA/HF solution. It is believed that adequately damaged HfO/sub 2/ and annealed CVD oxides will result in considerably high HfO/sub 2//CVD oxide etching selectivity in IPA/HF solution.
实验表明,相对于DI水/HF溶液,IPA/HF溶液中HfO/sub 2//氧化物的刻蚀选择性更高。虽然对于某些HfO/sub /和CVD氧化膜,DI水/HF溶液是可以接受的,但从集成的角度来看,工艺窗口小于IPA/HF溶液。认为充分破坏HfO/ sub2 /和退火CVD氧化物可使HfO/ sub2 //CVD氧化物在IPA/HF溶液中具有相当高的蚀刻选择性。
{"title":"Selectivity investigation of HfO/sub 2/ to oxide using wet etching","authors":"T. Kang, Chih-Cheng Wang, B. Tsui, Yuan-Hsin Li","doi":"10.1109/SMTW.2004.1393729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMTW.2004.1393729","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments indicate that higher HfO/sub 2//oxide etching selectivity in IPA/HF solution as compared to DI water/HF solution. Although DI water/HF solution is acceptable for some HfO/sub 2/ and CVD oxide films, from an integration point of view, the process window is smaller than IPA/HF solution. It is believed that adequately damaged HfO/sub 2/ and annealed CVD oxides will result in considerably high HfO/sub 2//CVD oxide etching selectivity in IPA/HF solution.","PeriodicalId":369092,"journal":{"name":"2004 Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Workshop Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.04EX846)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114685523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
期刊
2004 Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Workshop Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.04EX846)
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