El presente trabajo se inscribe en la senda marcada por varios estudios de lingüística forense (Ehrlich 2001; Matoesian 2001; Cotterill 2003, 2007; Berk-Seligson 2007) y aborda el tema de la reconstrucción lingüística de la violencia de género durante el debate oral y público de un juicio del Tribunal del Jurado, en el cual se acusaba a un joven varón de haber asesinado con alevosía a su excompañera sentimental. En concreto, se investigan las estructuras sintácticas del español empleadas en la sala por el acusado para declinar las responsabilidades penales derivadas de la comisión del delito. De hecho, el escenario de eventos que el acusado intenta construir a lo largo del interrogatorio directo y del contrainterrogatorio estriba en un conjunto de rutinas lingüísticas encaminadas a atenuar, difuminar, oscurecer o borrar totalmente las huellas de su agentividad de la reconstrucción verbal de la dinámica del asesinato (Berk-Selingson 2007). Tras evidenciar la relación entre no agentividad y reticencia en las respuestas del acusado a las preguntas de la acusación y de la defensa, se barajan las posibles razones de la conducta verbal del procesado, aparentemente ilógica, no cooperativa e improductiva, que, al negar lo obvio, produjo una sentencia de condena a la pena máxima prevista por el ordenamiento penal español.
{"title":"“Yo intenté defenderme y se mecayó desnuca’”","authors":"Giovanni Garofalo","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00049.gar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00049.gar","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 El presente trabajo se inscribe en la senda marcada por varios estudios de lingüística forense (Ehrlich 2001; Matoesian 2001; Cotterill 2003, 2007; Berk-Seligson 2007) y aborda el tema de la reconstrucción lingüística de la violencia de género durante\u0000 el debate oral y público de un juicio del Tribunal del Jurado, en el cual\u0000 se acusaba a un joven varón de haber asesinado con alevosía a su excompañera sentimental. En concreto, se investigan las\u0000 estructuras sintácticas del español empleadas en la sala por el acusado para declinar las responsabilidades penales derivadas de\u0000 la comisión del delito. De hecho, el escenario de eventos que el acusado intenta construir a lo largo del interrogatorio directo y\u0000 del contrainterrogatorio estriba en un conjunto de rutinas lingüísticas encaminadas a atenuar, difuminar, oscurecer o borrar\u0000 totalmente las huellas de su agentividad de la reconstrucción verbal de la dinámica del asesinato (Berk-Selingson 2007). Tras\u0000 evidenciar la relación entre no agentividad y reticencia en las respuestas del acusado a las preguntas de la acusación y de la\u0000 defensa, se barajan las posibles razones de la conducta verbal del procesado, aparentemente ilógica, no cooperativa e\u0000 improductiva, que, al negar lo obvio, produjo una sentencia de condena a la pena máxima prevista por el ordenamiento penal\u0000 español.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59140133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface","authors":"Mariachiara Russo","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00047.rus","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00047.rus","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43287254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to EU guidelines, oral expression is one of the key competences students ought to master during their university training. The Spanish educational system, however, has paid little attention to the development of oratory skills and most students fear speaking in public. In the case of those who study interpreting, where speaking in public is, obviously, an essential tool to carry out their task, this lack of training can negatively affect their own learning process. Hence, solving this issue will be key to better acquire the technical skills needed. In order to study the abovementioned shortcoming, this paper will present a study carried out at the University of Salamanca with Consecutive Interpreting undergraduate students. Their experience speaking in public – or lack thereof – has been analyzed through questionnaires and students’ diaries were used as pedagogical introspection and retrospection tools. The usefulness of diaries in educational contexts has already been demonstrated as a valuable didactic strategy, as they foster critical self-analysis and reflection, making students question their vision of the world (Hiemstra 2001) and helping them manage frustration better. As trainers, the students’ diaries had a twofold objective: they offered initial data on the pupils’ experiences and their attitude towards oral presentations, while at the same time allowing teachers to monitor their reactions to the training actions implemented in the classroom to combat the students’ fear of speaking in public.
{"title":"The challenge of oratory in the training of consecutive interpreting reflected in a students’ diary","authors":"L. Madrid","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00051.mad","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00051.mad","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 According to EU guidelines, oral expression is one of the key competences students ought to master during their\u0000 university training. The Spanish educational system, however, has paid little attention to the development of oratory skills and\u0000 most students fear speaking in public. In the case of those who study interpreting, where speaking in public is, obviously, an\u0000 essential tool to carry out their task, this lack of training can negatively affect their own learning process. Hence, solving\u0000 this issue will be key to better acquire the technical skills needed.\u0000 In order to study the abovementioned shortcoming, this paper will present a study carried out at the University of\u0000 Salamanca with Consecutive Interpreting undergraduate students. Their experience speaking in public – or lack thereof – has been\u0000 analyzed through questionnaires and students’ diaries were used as pedagogical introspection and retrospection tools. The\u0000 usefulness of diaries in educational contexts has already been demonstrated as a valuable didactic strategy, as they foster\u0000 critical self-analysis and reflection, making students question their vision of the world (Hiemstra 2001) and helping them manage frustration better.\u0000 As trainers, the students’ diaries had a twofold objective: they offered initial data on the pupils’ experiences\u0000 and their attitude towards oral presentations, while at the same time allowing teachers to monitor their reactions to the training\u0000 actions implemented in the classroom to combat the students’ fear of speaking in public.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47458507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching and practising interpreting","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.6.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.6.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47146038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Im/politeness and Stage Translation","authors":"","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48875922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this article is to analyse the strategies for focus marking in four interactions in a political debate. Such debate, known as 7D, was broadcasted on December 7th, 2015 on La Sexta. The politics who took part were Pedro Sánchez (representative of the Partido Socialista Obrero Español), Albert Rivera (representing Ciudadanos), Pablo Iglesias (Podemos) and Soraya Sáenz (Partido Popular). I will analyse the procedures used by the speakers to focalize parts of their formal spontaneous speech, such as the fundamental frequency, duration and loudness in tonic vowels, as well as the rate of speech and pauses among other strategies.
{"title":"Prosodic focalization strategies in the political discourse","authors":"Francisco Javier Perea Siller","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00036.per","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00036.per","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The aim of this article is to analyse the strategies for focus marking in four interactions in a political debate.\u0000 Such debate, known as 7D, was broadcasted on December 7th, 2015 on La Sexta. The politics who\u0000 took part were Pedro Sánchez (representative of the Partido Socialista Obrero Español), Albert Rivera (representing Ciudadanos),\u0000 Pablo Iglesias (Podemos) and Soraya Sáenz (Partido Popular). I will analyse the procedures used by the speakers to focalize parts\u0000 of their formal spontaneous speech, such as the fundamental frequency, duration and loudness in tonic vowels, as well as the rate\u0000 of speech and pauses among other strategies.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41764170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La Reconstrucción de Conversación (en adelante denominada RC) es una producción lingüística oral controlada, en la que los alumnos, guiados por el profesor, reconstruyen un breve pasaje de una conversación de la cual sólo el profesor tiene el texto original. Las sugerencias del profesor se dan principalmente en forma de mímica y dibujos en la pizarra. Durante la actividad, el profesor estimula a los alumnos a formular hipótesis, guiándolos de forma activa y divertida hacia la reflexión sobre la gramática, el registro formal/informal, los códigos de conducta, las expresiones, las formas de decir, la fluidez y la entonación. En esta Investigación-Acción (en adelante denominada I-A) se han buscado soluciones para que esta actividad pueda ser aplicada a una clase en línea, centrándose en los aspectos que deben adaptarse: organización y gestión del espacio, proxémica, número de estudiantes, duración de la actividad.
{"title":"Italiano a distancia. Adaptación en línea de una actividad de producción oral controlada","authors":"Giada Licastro","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00035.lic","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00035.lic","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000La Reconstrucción de Conversación (en adelante denominada RC) es una producción lingüística oral controlada, en la que los alumnos, guiados por el profesor, reconstruyen un breve pasaje de una conversación de la cual sólo el profesor tiene el texto original. Las sugerencias del profesor se dan principalmente en forma de mímica y dibujos en la pizarra. Durante la actividad, el profesor estimula a los alumnos a formular hipótesis, guiándolos de forma activa y divertida hacia la reflexión sobre la gramática, el registro formal/informal, los códigos de conducta, las expresiones, las formas de decir, la fluidez y la entonación. En esta Investigación-Acción (en adelante denominada I-A) se han buscado soluciones para que esta actividad pueda ser aplicada a una clase en línea, centrándose en los aspectos que deben adaptarse: organización y gestión del espacio, proxémica, número de estudiantes, duración de la actividad.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45804568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of dialogue interpreting, particularly over the phone, has been traditionally undertaken under the scope of public service interpreting. However, telephone interpreting nowadays is becoming popular in other settings, such as in the domain of roadside assistance. The aim of this contribution is to present the initial steps of a research project about telephone interpreting and roadside assistance. The methodology, based on corpus and discourse analysis, is described and preliminary findings are offered, which confirm the existence of a common structure for interpreter-mediated conversations between insurance agents and clients.
{"title":"Telephone interpreting and roadside assistance","authors":"Raquel Lázaro Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00033.laz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00033.laz","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The study of dialogue interpreting, particularly over the phone, has been traditionally undertaken under the scope\u0000 of public service interpreting. However, telephone interpreting nowadays is becoming popular in other settings, such as in the\u0000 domain of roadside assistance. The aim of this contribution is to present the initial steps of a research project about telephone\u0000 interpreting and roadside assistance. The methodology, based on corpus and discourse analysis, is described and preliminary\u0000 findings are offered, which confirm the existence of a common structure for interpreter-mediated conversations between insurance\u0000 agents and clients.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46010391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why are there so few male students attending the SSLMIT (Advanced School of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators) in Forlì? Why are interpreters generally women? Is there a biological or social explanation linked to gender differences in speaking abilities? This study is intended to provide an experimental analysis of possible differences and similarities between male and female students of interpretation. On the basis of the theories put forward by Gender Studies and a series of neuro-linguistic investigations on simultaneous interpreters, it seems that women and men in fact differ in the way they speak, communicate and also in their practice of interpretation. For this study, the interpretation mode chosen is consecutive and the linguistic combination is from German into Italian; the sample is made up of 14 women and 14 men, whose first or second foreign language is German. The texts selected for the CI (Consecutive Interpreting) present different linguistic features, topic, reading pace and length. The first is a speech, which deals with economic-financial matters, shows a high density of numerical expressions and specific sectorial terms. The second text is an article about health, which presents a considerable number of idiomatic expressions and terms related to the medical field. The comparison between the deliveries made by the interpreters of both sexes and the analysis of the answers provided by the questionnaires handed out to the students show some remarkable gender differences. Overall, it seems that male interpreters perform better as far as numbers, dates, and economic vocabulary are concerned, while female interpreters are better at handling figurative language and words related to health. Consistent with this finding, women maintained a higher degree of fluency in the delivery of the second text, while men were more fluent in the first. Although these results do not claim to be of statistical significance, they show that differences related to sex may have an impact on the performance of interpreters.
{"title":"Consecutive interpreting performance. Women and men compared","authors":"A. Verdini","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00037.ver","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00037.ver","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Why are there so few male students attending the SSLMIT (Advanced School of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators) in Forlì? Why are interpreters generally women? Is there a biological or social explanation linked to gender differences in speaking abilities? This study is intended to provide an experimental analysis of possible differences and similarities between male and female students of interpretation. On the basis of the theories put forward by Gender Studies and a series of neuro-linguistic investigations on simultaneous interpreters, it seems that women and men in fact differ in the way they speak, communicate and also in their practice of interpretation. For this study, the interpretation mode chosen is consecutive and the linguistic combination is from German into Italian; the sample is made up of 14 women and 14 men, whose first or second foreign language is German. The texts selected for the CI (Consecutive Interpreting) present different linguistic features, topic, reading pace and length. The first is a speech, which deals with economic-financial matters, shows a high density of numerical expressions and specific sectorial terms. The second text is an article about health, which presents a considerable number of idiomatic expressions and terms related to the medical field. The comparison between the deliveries made by the interpreters of both sexes and the analysis of the answers provided by the questionnaires handed out to the students show some remarkable gender differences. Overall, it seems that male interpreters perform better as far as numbers, dates, and economic vocabulary are concerned, while female interpreters are better at handling figurative language and words related to health. Consistent with this finding, women maintained a higher degree of fluency in the delivery of the second text, while men were more fluent in the first. Although these results do not claim to be of statistical significance, they show that differences related to sex may have an impact on the performance of interpreters.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45903271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present work aims to address the combined use of phraseological units and metatextual indicators in spoken language, that is, the mechanisms used to introduce phraseological units to listeners. Exhaustive knowledge of how metatextual indicators are employed in discourse is, no doubt, highly valuable in identifying phraseological units in cases where immediacy is a main factor, as is common in different types of interpreting. The main characteristics of metatextual indicators are considered, along with their different categories to date, taking as a starting point such works as those of Čermák (2005) and Goddard (2009). An analysis is also provided of the 100 most recent uses of the metatextual indicator as the saying goes from a search in the multimodal NewsScape corpus. Studying these 100 uses leads to the general conclusion that this indicator tends to precede phraseological units – overwhelmingly proverbs – and that the phraseological units tend to be used without any modifying mechanisms. However, there are numerous cases, while still a minority, of quotations and, within them, allusions to elements that go beyond their classic conception – such as the notable inclusion of cases where the speaker manipulates the canonical meaning of phraseological units.
{"title":"Metatextual indicators and phraseological units in a multimodal corpus","authors":"Jorge Leiva Rojo","doi":"10.1075/ttmc.00034.lei","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00034.lei","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The present work aims to address the combined use of phraseological units and metatextual indicators in spoken language, that is, the mechanisms used to introduce phraseological units to listeners. Exhaustive knowledge of how metatextual indicators are employed in discourse is, no doubt, highly valuable in identifying phraseological units in cases where immediacy is a main factor, as is common in different types of interpreting. The main characteristics of metatextual indicators are considered, along with their different categories to date, taking as a starting point such works as those of Čermák (2005) and Goddard (2009). An analysis is also provided of the 100 most recent uses of the metatextual indicator as the saying goes from a search in the multimodal NewsScape corpus. Studying these 100 uses leads to the general conclusion that this indicator tends to precede phraseological units – overwhelmingly proverbs – and that the phraseological units tend to be used without any modifying mechanisms. However, there are numerous cases, while still a minority, of quotations and, within them, allusions to elements that go beyond their classic conception – such as the notable inclusion of cases where the speaker manipulates the canonical meaning of phraseological units.","PeriodicalId":36928,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42028149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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